_Obs._ In the Paris Codex Extracts are ordered to be prepared from henbane
both by the processes Nos. 1 and 4 above.--_Product_ (by the ordinary
method):--1 lb. of the fresh leaves yielded fully 8 dr. of extract
(Geiger); 1 cwt. yielded 4 to 5 lb. (Brande); 1 cwt. of the recent plant
yielded, by an ordinary screw press, 59-1/2 lbs. of juice, and this
evaporated in a water bath gave 5 lbs. 9 oz. of extract (Squire); 1-3/4
cwt. of the green herb yielded 11 lbs. of extract (Gray).--_Dose_, 2 to 10
gr.; as an anodyne, hypnotic, antispasmodic, sedative, and narcotic, more
especially in those cases in which the use of opium is objectionable.
_Externally_, as a topical application to sore or inflamed parts, either
made into an ointment or spread on plaster.
5. (Alcoholic; EXTRACTUM HYOSCYAMI ALCOHOLICUM, L.) The formulæ of the Ph.
Bad., Par. & U. S. are similar to those for ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF ACONITE.
6. (E. OF HENBANE SEEDS; EXTRACTUM SEMINUM HYOSCYAMI, L.--P. Cod.) An
extract of the seeds made with spirit sp. gr. ·900 (=about 16 o. p.) is
dissolved in 4 parts of cold water, and the solution filtered and
evaporated. Stronger than the simple extract.--_Dose_, 1/4 to 3 gr.
=Extract of Ho'ly This'tle.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM CARDUI BENEDICTI, L. _Prep._
1. (Ph. Baden.) From holy or blessed thistle (_Carduus Benedictus_) by
displacement with cold water.
2. (Ph. Bor.) As EXTRACT OF GENTIAN--Ph. L. (nearly). Tonic, diaphoretic,
febrifuge, often diuretic, and occasionally emetic.--_Dose_, 5 to 15 gr.,
as a tonic or stomachic chiefly.
=Extract of Hops.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM LUPULI (B. P., Ph. L. & E.), E. HUMULI
(Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Hop, 8; rectified spirit, 15; distilled
water, 80. Macerate the hop in the spirit for 7 days, press out the
tincture, filter, and distil off the spirit, leaving a soft extract; boil
the residual hop with the water for one hour, then express the liquor,
strain, and evaporate on a water bath to the consistence of a soft
extract. Mix the two extracts, and evaporate at a temperature not
exceeding 160° to a pilular consistence.--_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.
2. (Ph. L.) From commercial hops (the strobiles or catkins of _Humulus
Lupulus_), 2-1/2 lbs.; boiling distilled water, 2 galls.; macerate for 24
hours, boil to a gallon, strain whilst hot, and evaporate to a proper
consistence. The form of the Ph. E. is nearly similar.
3. (Ph. D.) As EXTRACT of ALOES--Ph. D. Tonic and stomachic, and slightly
anodyne and hypnotic.--_Dose_, 5 gr. to 30 gr.; in dyspepsia, and cases
that do not permit of the use of opium. 1 cwt. of ordinary hops yield
about 40 lbs. of extract. (Brande.) The druggists usually employ hops 2 or
more years old, called by the dealers 'yearlings,' 'olds,' or 'old olds,'
because these may be purchased at 2/3 to 1/2 the price of those of the
last season's growth. The first of the above are estimated to have only
2/3 the strength of new hops; the second about 1/2; and the last little or
none, at least in a medical point of view.
4. (Alcoholic; EXTRACTUM LUPULI ALCOHOLICUM, L.--Cottereau.) By
displacement with proof spirit. Stronger than the aqueous extract.
=Extract of Hore'hound.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM MARRUBII, L. _Prep._ 1. From the
fresh herb, as EXTRACT OF ACONITE.
2. From the infusion or decoction. Antispasmodic, pectoral, tonic, and
emmenagogue.--_Dose_, 10 gr. to 1 dr.