3. (Fluid; MELLAGO GRAMINIS, EXTRACTUM GRAMINIS FLUIDUM, L.--Ph. Hann.
1831.) From the decoction of the fresh root of couch grass, evaporated to
the consistence of new honey. Pectoral.--_Dose_, 15 gr. to 1/2 dr., or
more.
=Extract of Cu'bebs.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM CUBEBÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. From the
alcoholic tincture evaporated by a very gentle heat.--_Dose_, 5 gr. to 30
gr.
2. (Mr Toller.) To the last add a little powdered Castile soap, when it
begins to thicken, and evaporate to a pilular consistence.--_Dose_, 10 gr.
to 30 gr.
3. (Fluid: LIQUOR CUBEBÆ, EXTRACTUM C. FLUIDUM, L.)--_a._ Cubebs (ground
in a coffee-mill), 1-1/4 lb.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; prepare a
tincture, either by displacement or by digestion for a week, and reduce
it, by distillation at a very gentle heat, until the whole measures
exactly 1 pint. Every fl. oz. represents 2 oz. of cubebs.--_Dose_, 20 to
40 drops.
_b._ (M. Puche.) From cubebs and proof spirit, equal parts, by
percolation; without subsequent evaporation. Represents its own weight in
cubebs.--_Dose_, 1/2 to 1 fl. dr.
_c._ (Ph. U. S. 1851.) Cubebs, 1 lb. (nearly); ether, q. s.; make 1 quart
of tincture; then distil off 1-1/2 pint of the ether by the heat of a
water bath, and expose the residuum in a shallow vessel until the
remainder of the ether has evaporated.
_d._ (Ph. U. S.) EXTRACTUM CUBEBÆ FLUIDUM. Cubebs in moderately fine
powder, 16 oz. (troy); alcohol (·817), 16 oz. (old measure). Macerate in a
closed percolator for 4 days, and then let the percolation commence, and
finish it by adding more menstruum until 24 oz. (old measure) have been
obtained; reserve the first 14 oz., evaporate the remaining 10 oz. to 2
oz., and mix this with the reserved portion.
4. (Oleo-resinous; EXTRACTUM CUBEBÆ, E. CUBEBRUM, E. C. OLEO-RESINOSUM,
L.)--_a._ (M. Dublanc.) The essential oil resulting from the careful
distillation of any given quantity of cubebs, is mixed with the resinous
extract obtained by evaporating a tincture of the dried residuum made with
rectified spirit; the whole being reduced to the consistence of a thick
syrup. 1 lb. of cubebs yields about 6 oz. of this extract.
_b._ (Labelonge.) Cubebs are first exhausted with ether, and then with
proof spirit, in a displacement apparatus; the alcoholic tincture is
evaporated to an extract over a water bath, and when cold, the ethereal
tincture is mixed with it, and the mixture abandoned to spontaneous
evaporation until the ether is volatilised.
_c._ (W. Procter.) An ethereal tincture (by displacement) is poured into a
large retort, and 5-6ths is drawn over by the heat of a water bath; the
evaporation of the residuum, to the proper consistence, is carried on at a
heat not exceeding 120° Fahr. The formula of the Ph. Baden is nearly
similar. Said to represent 6 to 8 times its weight in cubebs. 1 lb. yields
2 oz. of this extract.
_d._ (Hamb. Cod. 1845.) This resembles _a_ (_above_).
_Obs._ This extract has a darkish brown colour, and tastes and smells
strongly of cubebs. It is only slightly soluble in water.--_Dose_, 5 gr.
to 20 gr.; made into an emulsion or pills, or enclosed in a capsule. See
CUBEBS.
=Extract of Cu'cumber.= See ELATERIUM.
=Extract of Cuspa''ria.= EXTRACT OF ANGOSTURA BARK; EXTRACTUM CUSPARIÆ, E.
CORTICIS C., E. ANGOSTURÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. From angostura bark, as EXTRACT
OF CINCHONA--Ph. L.
2. (Alcoholic.) As EXTRACT OF CINCHONA--Ph. E. Stronger than the last.
Both are aromatic, bitter, tonic, and stimulant.--_Dose_, 10 gr. to 1/2
dr.; in dyspepsia, chronic diarrh[oe]a, dysentery, &c.
=Extract of Daff'odil.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM NARCISSI, L. _Prep._ 1. From the
fresh flowers of daffodil or yellow narcissus (_Narcissus
pseudo-narcissus_), as EXTRACT OF ANCONITE--Ph. L.
2. (Alcoholic.) From the dried flowers, as EXTRACT OF BOX. Both are
pectoral and expectorant; and in large doses nauseant and emetic.--_Dose_,
1/2 gr. to 2 gr.; in hooping-cough, &c.
=Extract of Dandeli'on.= See EXTRACT OF TARAXACUM.
=Extract of Digita'lis.= See EXTRACT OF FOXGLOVE.
=Extract of Dog's Grass.= See EXTRACT OF COUCH GRASS.
=Extract of Dog'wood.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM CORNÛS, E. CORNI, L. _Prep._ From
American or tree dogwood (_Cornus Florida_), as EXTRACT OF CINCHONA BARK.
_Obs._ In its general effects, American dogwood approaches the cinchonas,
and is said to be not inferior to them in the cure of intermittents.
(Bigelow.) It contains a peculiar bitter principle, called cornine.
Several other varieties of the genus _Cornus_, as round-leaved dogwood
(_Cornus circinata_), swamp dogwood (_Cornus sericea_), &c., are used in
America, but are less valuable.
=Extracts, Dried or Powdered.= _Syn._ EXTRACTA SICCA VEL PULVERATA (Ph.
Prus.). These are made by mixing 4 parts of the extract with 1 part of
powder of sugar of milk, and setting the mixture in a warm place till dry.
Triturate the mass to powder, adding more of the sugar of milk if
necessary, to make the weight the same as the extract used. The German
Pharmacop[oe]ia directs them to be mixed with dextrin, and then dried at a
temperature of 122° Fahr., and, while still warm, triturated into a
uniform powder, with dextrin q. s. to make the weight of the powder equal
to twice the weight of the extract employed.
=Extract of Dulcama''ra.= See EXTRACT OF BITTER SWEET.
=Extract of Elate'rium.= _Syn._ INSPISSATED JUICE OF THE SQUIRTING
CUCUMBER; SUCCUS SPISSATUS MOMORDICÆ ELATERII. For preparation and recent
synonyms, see ELATERIUM.
=Extract of El'der Berries.= _Syn._ ELDER ROB; ROOB SAMBUCI, EXTRACTUM
SAMBUCI, E. S. NIGRÆ, E. BACCARUM S., SUCCUS SAMBUCI INSPISSATUS, L.
_Prep._ 1. (Ph. L. 1788.) The expressed and depurated juice of elder
berries, evaporated to the consistence of honey.
2. (Ph. E. 1744.) To the above, when it begins to thicken, add 1-5th part
of sugar.
3. (Ph. Bor.) As the last (nearly), but adding only 1 oz. of white sugar
to each pound of the extract whilst still warm.--_Dose_, 1 to 4 dr.; in
rheumatism, gout, and various skin affections.
=Extract of El'ecampane.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM INULÆ, E. RADICUM I. CAMPANÆ,
E. HELENII, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L. 1746.) From a decoction of the dried
root.