=Essence of Sarsaparil'la.= _Syn._ CONCENTRATED ESSENCE OF SARSAPARILLA;
ESSENTIA SARSÆ; E. SARSAPARILLÆ; L. _Prep._ 1. Sarsaparilla root (best red
Jamaica), 2-3/4 lbs., is carefully decorticated, the bark reduced to
coarse powder, and digested for a week or 10 days in sherry, 3/4 pint, and
rectified spirit, 1/4 pint, with frequent agitation; after which the
essence is expressed, and in a week the clear portion is decanted from the
sediment. A very elegant preparation. 1/2 fl. dr. added to 7 fl. dr. of
water forms 1 fl. oz. of a solution of equal strength to decoction of
sarsaparilla of the Ph. L. Every fl. oz. represents the active principles
of 2 oz. (= 2 oz. 85 gr. avoir.) of sarsaparilla root. In other words, it
is twice as strong as the root, and 16 times as strong as the decoction.
2. Alcoholic extract of sarsaparilla, 7 oz.; sherry, 3/4 pint; rectified
spirit, 1/4 pint; dissolve and filter. Strength as the last.
3. (Beral.) Alcohol extract, 4 oz.; sherry wine, 1 pint; dissolve and
filter. About 3 fl. dr., added to water, 1 pint, form an extemporaneous
decoction.
4. (Guibourt.) Alcoholic extract, 4 oz.; white wine, 1 lb. Strength the
same as Nos. 1 and 2 (nearly).
5. (Hening.) Sarsaparilla (bruised), 10 oz.; distilled water, 6 pints;
macerate at a temperature of 120° Fahr. for six hours and strain; repeat
with the same quantity of fresh water; mix the liquors, and evaporate in
china vessels at 160° Fahr. If reduced to 10 fl. oz. (or to 9 fl. oz.,
with 1 fl. oz. of rectified spirit added), 1 fl. dr., mixed with 7 fl. dr.
of water, will be equal to the decoction of the usual strength. If reduced
to 5 fl. oz. 1 fl. dr. will be equal to 2 fl. oz. of the decoction.
6. The bark separated from sarsaparilla root, 2-3/4 lbs., is exhausted
with water as last; the liquid is evaporated as quickly as possible, in a
water bath, to 16 fl. oz., and when cold, mixed with rectified spirit, 4
fl. oz. Strength same as No. 1.
7. The infusion in No. 6 is evaporated to 10-1/2 fl. oz., and when cold
mixed with sherry, 1/2 pint; in a week the clear portion is decanted from
the sediment. Strength same as No. 1.
_Obs._ The formulæ Nos. 1, 2, 6, and 7 have each in turn been extensively
employed by us in the laboratory with the most satisfactory results. See
LIQUOR OF SARSAPARILLA.
=Essence of Sarsaparilla (Compound).= _Syn._ ESSENTIA SARSAPARILLÆ
COMPOSITA, E. SARSÆ C., L. _Prep._ 1. One pint of No. 1, 2, 6, or 7
(_above_), is triturated with the extract prepared from mezereon bark,
3-1/4 oz., and extract of liquorice, 4 oz.; when mixed it is returned to
the bottle, and essence of guaiacum, 1-1/2 fl. dr., and oil of sassafras,
20 drops, are added, the whole is then well agitated for at least 15
minutes, and after a week's repose the clear portion is decanted as
before. 1/2 fl. dr., with 7-1/2 fl. dr. of water, forms extemporaneous
compound decoction of sarsaparilla.
2. (Cadet.) Sarsaparilla (bruised), 8 oz.; hot water, q. s.; exhaust the
root by successive macerations; unite the liquors, and evaporate to 10 fl.
oz.; strain, and add, when cold, of alcohol (·842) and tinctures of
guaiacum and mezereon, of each 4 fl. dr.; white wine, 1 fl. oz.; oil of
sassafras, 12 drops; extract of liquorice, 2 dr.; agitate, and after
repose decant as before. This is nearly 8 times as strong as 'DEC. SARSÆ
CO.'--Ph. L. The first is the best formula. See LIQUOR OF SARSAPARILLA
(Compound).
=Essence of Sa''vory Spices.= _Prep._ 1. Black pepper, 4 oz.; powdered
turmeric, 3 dr.; coriander seeds, 1-1/2 dr. (all ground and genuine); oil
of pimento, 1-1/2 fl. dr.; oils of nutmeg, cloves, cassia and caraway, of
each 1/2 dr.; rectified spirit, 1 pint; digest, with agitation, for a
fortnight. Very fine.
2. Black pepper, 3 oz.; allspice, 1-1/4 oz.; nutmegs and burnt sugar, of
each 1/2 oz.; cloves, cassia, coriander, and caraway seeds, of each 1 dr.
(all bruised or ground); rectified spirit, 1 pint; digest with agitation,
as before, for 14 days, press, and filter. Used as a flavouring. When made
with proof spirit or brandy, and only 1/2 the above weight of spice, it is
called 'TINCTURE OF SAVORY SPICES,'
=Essence of Sen'na.= See LIQUOR and INFUSION (Concentrated).
=Essence of Smoke.= See ESSENCE, WESTPHALIAN.
=Essence of Soap.= _Syn._ SPIRIT OF SOAP, SHAVING FLUID; ESPRIT DE SAVON,
ESSENCE DE SAVON, ESSENCE ROYALE POUR FAIRE LA BARBE, Fr.; ESSENTIA
SAPONIS, TINCTURA SAPONIS CONCENTRATA, L. _Prep._ 1. Castile soap (in
shavings), 4 oz.; proof spirit, 1 pint; dissolve, and add a little
perfume.
2. Venetian soap, 3/4 lb.; salt of tartar, 1 oz.; benzoin, 1/2 oz.; spirit
of wine, 1 gall.
3. Best soft soap, 1/4 lb.; boiling water, 1 pint; dissolve, cool, and
add, oils of cinnamon (cassia), verbena, and neroli, of each 6 drops;
dissolved in rectified spirit, 1 pint; mix well, and if not perfectly
transparent, add a little more strong spirit, or filter through blotting
paper.
_Obs._ This alcoholic solution of soap is chiefly used for shaving, and is
very convenient in travelling, as a good lather may be instantly produced
without the trouble of employing a soap-box. Instead of the above
perfumes, 15 drops of essence of musk or ambergris, or 30 drops of any of
the perfumed spirits, or 3 drops of attar of roses, or 6 drops of any of
the aromatic essential oils, may be added, when a corresponding name is
given to the preparation, as esprit de savon, de la rose, &c.
4. (P. Cod.) White soap, 3 oz.; carbonate of potassa, 1 dr.; proof spirit,
12 oz.; dissolve. Used medicinally. They are all used as frictions, &c.
5. (CAMPHORATED,--Guibourt.) White soap, 3 parts; camphor, 1 part; spirit
of rosemary, 16 parts; dissolve. A variety of opodeldoc. Used as an
embrocation in rheumatic pains, sore throat, &c.
=Essence of Soup Herbs.= _Syn._ SPIRIT OF SOUP HERBS, CONC. TINCTURE OF S.
H., &c. _Prep._ (Kitchener's.) Lemon thyme, winter savory, sweet marjoram,
and sweet bazil, of each 1 oz.; lemon peel (grated), and eschalots, of
each 1/2 oz.; bruised celery seed, 1/4 oz.; proof spirit or brandy, 1
pint; digest for 10 days or a fortnight. A superior flavouring essence for
soups, gravies, &c. See ESSENCE OF SAVOURY SPICES.
=Essence of Spear'mint.= See ESSENCE OF MINT.
=Essence of Sprats.= _Syn._ ESSENCE OF BRITISH ANCHOVIES. From pickled
sprats (British anchovies), as ESSENCE OF ANCHOVIES, for which it is
commonly sold.
=Essence of Spruce.= _Syn._ FLUID EXTRACT OF SPRUCE; ESSENTIA ABIETIS,
EXTRACTUM A. FLUIDUM, L. _Prep._ A decoction of the young tops of the
black spruce-fir _Abies nigra_, evaporated to the consistence of a thick
syrup. Used to make spruce beer, &c.
=Essence, Toothache.= _Syn._ ESSENTIA ODONTALGIA, L. _Prep._ 1. Acetate of
morphia, 1/2 dr.; tincture of pellitory of Spain (made with rectified
spirit), 2 fl. oz.; acetic acid (glacial), 4 fl. dr.; dissolve, and add of
oil of cloves, 6 fl. dr.
2. (Redwood.) Pellitory, 1/2 lb.; extract of belladonna, 2 dr.; rectified
spirit, 1 pint; digest 14 days, strain, and add, of hyponitrous ether, 1
oz.; oil of wine, 1/2 oz.; oil of cloves, 2 dr. See DROPS (Odontalgic).
=Essence of Tu''berose.= _Prep._ The flowers are stratified with sheep's
or cotton wool, impregnated with the purest oil of ben or of olives, in an
earthen vessel, closely covered, and kept for 12 hours in a water bath;
the flowers are then removed, and fresh ones substituted, and this is
repeated until the oil (HUILE AU TUBEROSE) is sufficiently scented. The
wool or cotton is then mixed with the purest spirit of wine, and distilled
in a water bath; or it is first digested in a warm situation, and in a
well-closed vessel, for several days, during the whole of which time
frequent agitation is had recourse to. A similar plan is followed for the
preparation of essences of jasmine, violets, and other like flowers. See
SPIRIT.
=Essence of Turtle.= _Syn._ ESSENCE OF GREEN TURTLE. _Prep._ From essence
of anchovies and shallot wine, of each 3 oz.; basil wine, 1/2 pint;
mushroom ketchup, 1/4 pint; the juice of 2 lemons; the yellow peel of 1
lemon; curry powder, 1/4 oz.; digest for a week. Used to impart the
flavour of turtle to soups and gravies.
=Essence of Tyre.= See HAIR DYE.
=Essence of Vanil'la.= _Syn._ ESSENTIA VANILLÆ, TINCTURE V. CONCENTRATA,
L. _Prep._ 1. Vanilla (cut small), 2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 pint, digest
a fortnight.
2. (Wholesale.) Vanilla, 2 lbs.; rectified spirit, 1 gall.; proceed as for
ESSENCE OF MUSK. Very superior.
3. Vanilla (best), 3/4 lb.; spirit of ambrette, 1 quart; cloves, 30 gr.;
grain musk, 7 gr.; as last. Much esteemed. It is chiefly used as a perfume
and for flavouring.
=Essence of Verbe'na.= _Syn._ ESSENCE OF LEMON-GRASS, E. OF CITRONELLE;
ESSENTIA VERBENÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. From oil of lemon-grass or verbena
(_Andropogon citratum_), as ESSENCE OF ALLSPICE.
2. To the last add, of essences of ambergris and bergamotte (oil), of each
1 fl. dr.; neroli, 1/2 fl. dr.
3. To No. 1. add, of oils of lavender and bergamotte, of each 1/2 dr.;
essence of vanilla, 2 fl. dr. A powerful and refreshing perfume.
=Essence of Vio'let.= _Syn._ ESSENTIA VIOLÆ, L.; ESSENCES DES VIOLETTES,
Fr. See ESSENCE OF TUBEROSE and SPIRIT.
=Essence of Vittie Vayr.= _Syn._ ESSENCE OF VETIVER; ESSENCE DE VITTIE
VAYR DOUBLE, Fr. _Prep._ 1. Vittie vayr or cuscus (the root of _Andropogon
muricatus_, cut small and bruised), 3 lbs.; proof spirit, 9 pints; digest
a week, add of water, 5 pints, and the next day distil over 1 gall. of
essence.
2. To the last, before distillation, add, of otto of roses, 1/2 dr.; eau
de melisse (spirit of balm), 1/2 pint; and proceed as before. Used as a
perfume. In 1831 it was much employed in Paris as a prophylactic of
cholera.
=Essence, Volatile (Acetic).= _Syn._ PUNGENT ACETIC ESSENCE; ESSENTIA
VOLATILIS ACETICA, L. Aromatic vinegar.
=Essence, Volatile (Ammoniacal).= _Syn._ PUNGENT AMMONIACAL ESSENCE,
AROMATIC AMMONIACAL E.; ESSENTIA VOLATILIS, E. V. AMMONIACALIS, E. V.
AROMATICA, &c., L. _Prep._ 1. Oil of cinnamon, 6 drops; otto of roses, 12
drops; oil of cloves, 1 fl. dr.; essence of bergamotte, 2 fl. dr.; oil of
lavender (Mitcham), 4 fl. dr.; essence of musk, 5 fl. dr.; liquor of
ammonia (strongest), 1 pint; mix in a cold place, and shake the bottle
until the whole is combined.
2. Essence of violets and oil of cinnamon, of each 12 drops; neroli,
essence of jasmine, and otto of roses, of each 1/2 dr.; oil of lavender, 1
dr.; essence royale and essence (oil) of bergamotte, of each 2-1/2 dr.;
liquor of ammonia (strongest), 1 pint; as the last.
3. Oils of lemon and bergamotte, of each 5 fl. dr.; oil of lavender, 1-1/2
fl. dr.; otto of roses, 1 fl. dr.; oils of cassia, neroli, cloves, and
cedrat, of each 1/2 fl. dr.; oil of sandal wood, 15 drops; liquor of
ammonia (strongest), 1 pint.
4. Essence of bergamotte, 6 fl. dr.; oil of lavender, 4 fl. dr.; oil of
cloves, 3 fl. dr.; oil of cassia, 1-1/2 fl. dr.; oil of verbena
(lemon-grass), 1 fl. dr.; otto of roses, 30 drops; liquor of ammonia, 18
fl. oz.
5. (Redwood.) Oil of bergamotte, 3 oz.; essence of lemons, 2 oz.; oil of
lavender, 6 dr.; essence of jasmine, 4 dr.; oil of sassafras, 3 dr.; oil
of neroli, 2 dr.; otto of roses, 1-1/2 dr.; oil of origanum and essence of
ambergris, of each 1 dr.; musk, 20 gr.; macerate for a week, and decant
the clear portion. It is added to the strongest liquor of ammonia in
proportion of 1-1/2 oz. to the pint.
_Obs._ The above are used to fill smelling-bottles. They are all very
fragrant and refreshing.
=Essence, Ward's.= See ESSENCE HEADACHE.
=Essence of Water-fen'nel.= _Syn._ ESSENTIA PHELLANDRI AQUATICI, E.
F[OE]NICULIS A., L. _Prep._ (Cottereau.) Water-fennel seeds (fine-leaved
water-hemlock, bruised), 1 oz.; proof spirit, 4 fl. oz.; digest. Narcotic
and pectoral.--_Dose_, 5 to 25 drops, combined with bark; in phthisis, &c.
=Essence, Westphalian.= ESSENCE OF SMOKE, E. OF WOOD-SMOKE, CAMBRIAN
ESSENCE, SMOKING FLUID; ESSENTIA FULIGINIS, &c., L. _Prep._ 1. Crude or
empyreumatic pyroligneous acid, 1 pint; sugar colouring, 2 oz.; dissolve,
and in a week decant the clear portion.
2. Tar, 3 dr.; sugar colouring, 2 oz.; hot crude pyroligneous acid, 1
pint; agitate constantly for 1 hour, and after repose decant the clear
portion.