3. (P. C.) As No. 1, but evaporating the solution to 3/4ths its weight.
These liquids are applied with a pencil or lint, in scrofulous and
syphilitic ulcers and eruptions, and in lupus, psoriasis, lepra, and other
obstinate skin diseases; but their use requires great care.
4. (With arsenic.--Cutan. Hosp.) Mercury, 1/2 oz.; nitric acid, 1/2 oz.;
arsenious acid, 1/2 dr.; as before.
=Caustic, Ni'tric.= _Syn._ SOLID'IFIED NITRIC ACID; CAUSTICUM NI'TRICUM,
L. _Prep._ (Dr Rivallie.) Concentrated nitric acid is gradually dropped on
a piece of lint, placed in a saucer or glass; as soon as the lint is
gelatinised, it is pressed into a suitable shape with a glass rod, and
applied to the part; it must be removed in 15 minutes. In cancerous
tumours, fungoid growths, &c.
=Caustic, O''piated.= _Syn._ CAUSTICUM OPIA'TUM, L. _Prep._ 1. Common
caustic (potassa with lime), 4 dr.; powdered opium, 1 dr.; soft soap, q.
s. to make a paste. Applied to fungous ulcers.
=Caustic, Plunket's.= Upright crowfoot and lesser spear-wort, of each 1
oz.; sulphur, 5 scrup.; white arsenic (in very fine powder), 1 dr.; beat
to a smooth paste, form it into balls, and dry them in the sun. In cancer;
a portion of one of the balls is reduced to powder, which is mixed up with
yelk of eggs, and applied on a piece of bladder.
=Caustic of Potassa with Lime.= _Syn._ VIENNA PASTE. Rub together equal
parts of hydrate of potash and quick-lime, and keep the powder in a
well-stoppered bottle.
=Caustic, Poten'tial.= Fused caustic potassa.
=Caustic, Recamier's.= See CAUSTIC, GOLDEN.
=Caustic, Sulphu''ric.= _Syn._ CAUSTICUM SULPHU''RICUM, C. AC'IDI
SULPHU''RICI, L. _Prep._ 1. Plaster of Paris made into a paste with oil of
vitriol.
2. Saffron, lint, or unsized paper, soaked in oil of vitriol, and
triturated to a plastic mass.
=Caustic, Zinc.= _Syn._ CAUSTIC OF CHLORIDE OF ZINC, DR CANQUOIN'S CANCER
CAUSTIC; CAUSTICUM ZINC'I, C. Z. CHLORID'I, L. _Prep._ 1. (Dr
Canquoin.)--_a._ From chloride of zinc, 1 dr.; flour, 2 dr.; made into a
stiff paste with water, q. s.
_b._ From chloride of zinc, 1 dr.; flour, 3 dr.; water, q. s.; as the
last.
_c._ From chloride of zinc, 1 dr.; flour, 4 dr.; water, q. s.; as before.
_d._ From chloride of zinc, 2 dr.; chloride of antimony, 1 dr.; flour, 5
dr.; as before.
Powdered opium may be mixed with either of the preceding to mitigate the
pain.
2. (Alex. Ure.) As above, but substituting plaster of Paris for the flour
there ordered.
_Uses, &c._ As a caustic in cancer, lupus, skin-marks (_nævi_), &c. It is
formed into small cakes or wafers not exceeding 1 or 2 lines in thickness,
one of which is applied to the part, and allowed to remain on from 6 to 12
hours, when it is removed, and the part covered with a poultice. It
produces an eschar, often exceeding a quarter of an inch in depth. The
chlorides must be in the form of powder, and well mixed with the flour
previously to adding the water. The last (No. 1, _d_) is recommended in
nodulated cancerous tumours.
=CAUS'TICS (Ve'terinary).= In _veterinary practice_, any of the substances
enumerated in the forgoing list may be employed; but nitric acid,
sulphuric acid, carbolic acid, chloride of zinc, and nitrate of silver,
are those most commonly used. See VETERINARY MEDICINES.
=CAV'IARE.= _Syn._ CAV'IAR, CAV'IALE. The salted roe of several species of
sturgeon. It is much esteemed by the Russians, as well as by some other
nations of northern Europe, and is occasionally eaten as a delicacy in
this country. It is, however, very oily, indigestible, and unwholesome.
=CAYENNE'.= See CAPSICUM, PEPPERS.
=CEDAR-WOOD (Oil of).= See OILS.
=Cedar-Wood (Tincture of).= See TINCTURES.
=CE'DRAT.= See LIQUEURS.
=CE'DRENE= and =CE'DROLA=. The oil of cedar-wood, by careful distillation,
is separable into two substances--a solid crystalline compound
(_cedrola_), and a volatile liquid hydrocarbon (_cedrene_). The first may
be converted into the other by distillation with phosphoric anhydride.
=CELLULARES.= In _botany_, a name given to cryptogams, or flowerless
plants, upon the supposition that they consist entirely of cells.
=CEL'LULOSE.= See LIGNIN.
=CEMENT'.= _Syn._ CEMENT'TUM, L. Any substance which, when applied to the
surfaces of other bodies, causes them to adhere together when placed in
contact. Those referred to below are amongst the most useful preparations
of this class. The term cement is also applied by builders and architects
to several species of mortars and like compositions employed either to
unite stones and bricks into masses, or as a protective covering against
the weather or water, or to make statues, cornices, and similar ornamental
articles.
In general the thinner the stratum of interposed cement, the stronger is
the junction of the surfaces operated on. This caution is necessary, as in
their anxiety to unite broken articles persons generally defeat themselves
by spreading the cement too thickly on the edges of the fracture; whereas
the least possible quantity should be used, so as to bring the edges as
close as possible together.
=Cement, Al'abaster.= 1. Prom plaster of Paris (in fine powder), made into
a cream with water, and at once applied.