_Nominative_—E.g. =kohta=, _soon_; =kyllä=, _enough_.
_Accusative_ or _genitive_—=kauan=, _long_; =paljon=, _much_.
_Partitive_—=ulkoa=, _outside_; =salaa=, _secretly_.
_Inessive_—=tässä=, _here_; =missä=, _where_; =yhdessä=, _together_;
=pystyssä=, _straight, upright_.
_Elative_—=tästä=, _hence_; =mistä=, _whence_; =ainoastaan= _or_
=ainoastansa=, _only_.
_Illative_—=yhteen=, _together_; =tarkkaan=, _accurately_.
_Adessive_—=tuolla=, =siellä=, _there_; =kaikkialla=, _everywhere_.
_Ablative_—=kaikkialta=, _from all sides_; =muualta=, _from another
place_.
_Allative_—=uudelleen=, _anew_; =verkalleen=, _gradually_.
_Essive_—=ulkona=, _outside_; =kotona=, _at home_; =huomenna=,
_to-morrow_; =kaukana=, _far_.
_Translative_, where =kse= is generally abbreviated to =s=,—=alas=,
_below_; =ulos=, _without_; =myös=, _also_.
_Abessive_, where =tta= becomes =ti=,—=ääneti=, _silently_; =huoleti=,
_without care_.
_Instructive_—=niin=, _so_; =kuin=, _how_; =tosin=, _truly_; =harvoin=,
_rarely_; =kaksittain=, _two at a time_.
The second infinitive is also used adverbially in the instructive,
=nimittäin= (for =en=), _that is to say_.
Adverbs are also found in the comparative and superlative degree, and
are then in the essive, partitive, and translative cases, or adessive,
ablative, and allative. The termination =ksi= of the translative often
sinks to =s=, or merely the aspirate. =Likempänä=, _nearer_; =likempää=,
=likemmäksi= (=-mmäs= _or_ =-mmaʻ=), =likemmällä=, =likemmältä=, etc.
The adverbial suffixes are added to the end of other words. The principal
are—
=Ko=, =kö=, which gives an interrogative meaning to the word to which it
is affixed, like =ли= in Russian.
=Han=, =hän=, =pa=, =pä=, have a strengthening or affirmative force.
=Ki=, =kin=, have a copulative sense,—=minäkin=, _I too_.