high, erect dichotomous, with rufous purple radicles to apex, bearing
gemmæ intermixed. L. patent straight or secund, sub-falcate, lower
lanceolate upper subulate, uppermost very long and toothed at apex all
concave, glossy, red when old. Nerve one-third width of base; angles not
decurrent, with short wide fuscous cells, others hexagono-rectangular,
upper quadrate and chlorophyllose; per. l. nine; inner sheathing longly
subulate, with a narrower nerve, calyptra fuscous at apex. Caps. oval,
regular, or gibbous, short-necked olivaceous, with eight striæ, sulcate
when dry; lid conico-rostrate; annulus broad double.
Sub-alpine moist rocks and peaty soil. XI.
109. C. PARADOXUS. Wils. MS. Tufts ½–1in. high, fastigiate, dull
yellowish green above, pale brown below; st. with short lateral ramuli,
and few rufous radicles. L. erecto-patent (erecto-appressed when dry)
uppermost longest slightly secund lanceolate-subulate, concave; apex
usually of two teeth, with a few irregular ones below on each side.
Nerve one-third width of base. Lamina extended to apex; basal cells thin
enlarged hyaline when young, afterwards fuscous, above rectangular, in
14–16 longitudinal rows, thickened and quadrate towards apex.
Peaty soil, Cheviots (barren), Boyd and Hardy, 1868.
110. C. SETIFOLIUS. Wils. Tufts lax soft, bright or yellowish green
above, blackish below, without radicles. St. 5–10in. slender, erect,
geniculate. L. distant erecto-patent or sub-secund, glossy, from a
lanceolate base gradually running into a very long subula, sometimes
half twisted; uppermost with wings serrate. Nerve half width of base;
auricles very large and inflated, the cells partly fuscous, partly
hyaline, hexagonal, above hexagono-rectangular, upper rhombic
chlorophyllose; fl. of each sex collected in capitula; males 3–4, fem.
numerous.
Wet places, and clefts of rocks. I. S.
111. C. SWARTZII. Schpr. Tufts dense soft yellowish green, brownish
below, without radicles. St. 2–3in. slender; l. erecto-patent, straight
or slightly secund, lowest lanceolate, upper lanceolate-subulate, entire
at apex, base somewhat sheathing, auricles hyaline inflated decurrent.
Nerve two-thirds of base, finely sulcate at back towards apex. Basal
areolæ narrow, auricular very lax hexagono-rectangular hyaline, above
sub-quadrate.
Granite alpine rocks. Wales, Scotland.
* * L. not auricled.
§ St. radiculose.
112. C. FRAGILIS. B. & S. Tufts pale green glossy, st. ½–2in. fragile.
L. densely crowded erecto-patent rigid incumbent when dry, lower
lanceolate, upper extended into a subula, toothed at apex, wings
recurved above. Nerve very broad. Basal areolæ lax pellucid narrow
rectangular, above minute quadrate, no distinct alar cells. Caps.
solitary, bent down, oval, symmetric, fuscous, when dry plicate,
contracted below the mouth, lid conico-subulate oblique, red; calyp.
whitish, rufous at apex.
Sandstone rocks and moist heaths.
var. β. _densus._ (B. & S.) st. taller, l. shorter, with more acute
entire points and laxer cells.
113. C. SCHIMPERI. Milde. Tufts dense compact. St. 1–2in. slender light
silky green above, fuscous below. L. erecto-patent, appressed when dry,
straight rigid, lanceolate-subulate, channelled, denticulate only at
apex. Nerve very broad. Basal cells lax rectangular hyaline, very narrow
at margin, above elliptic.
Alpine hills. Scotland.
114. C. PYRIFORMIS. Brid. (_C. turfaceus._ B. & S.) Tufts flat
olivaceous or bright green, finally tawny. St. ½–1in. slender erect,
radiculose only at base. L. less crowded, gradually larger upwards,
erecto-patent, lower lanceolate, middle lanceolate-subulate, upper from
a lanceolate base setaceous. Nerve one-third base, thin channelled at
back. Areolæ resembling _C. flexuosus_, but thinner, hyaline at base Fr.
several from same apex; caps. ovate olivaceous, fulvous when ripe,
sulcate, lid obliquely rostrate; calyp. whitish, tip brown.
Moist heaths and sides of ditches.
var. β. _Mulleri._ Juratzka. L. caducous, calyptra without fringe.
§ § St. very short, not radiculose.
115. C. BREVIFOLIUS. Schpr. St. ½in. yellowish green, with caducous
ramuli. L. short rigid erect lanceolate, longly acuminate, concave,
obsoletely toothed at apex. Nerve half base; basal areolæ hyaline lax
rectangular, gradually shorter and more quadrate, lower ones with their
transverse walls much thickened.
Dry and stony places. Scotland.
21. POTTIA. EHRH.
116. P. PUSILLA. Hedw. (_P. cavifolia._ Ehr.) St. very short and simple
or branched; l. erecto-patent concave, obovate or elliptical; caps.
oval, on a short seta; lid obliquely rostrate.
Banks and mud walls. III.
var. β. stem short, l. somewhat acuminate, scarcely piliferous.
γ. _incana._ N. & H. l. with long hair-like points.
117. P. MINUTULA. B. & S. Very minute, l. carinate, spreading,
ovate-lanceolate, with recurved margins; caps. small, ovate-truncate;
lid flattish conical, not beaked.
Fallow fields. Winter and Spring.
var. β. _rufescens._ l. narrower reddish.
γ. _conica._ l. ovate-lanceolate, with a short mucro, caps.
narrower at mouth.
118. P. TRUNCATULA. L. St. ⅛in., l. spreading obovate-acuminate or
oblong-lanceolate, with a slightly excurrent nerve; caps. obovate,
truncate, with a wide mouth; lid convex obliquely rostrate.
Fallow soil. II. III.
var. β. _major._ caps. oval-oblong, stem smaller.
γ. _sub-cylindrica._ l. ovate-lanceolate; nerve much excurrent;
caps. sub-cylindrical.
119. P. CRINITA. Wils. St. ¼in. tufted; l. obovate-oblong obtuse; nerve
excurrent into a very long hair-like point; caps. elliptic-oblong,
scarcely contracted, calyp. smooth.
Rocky and moist places.
120. P. WILSONI. B. & S. St. ¼in. in tufts, l. ovate-oblong, obtuse;
nerve excurrent into a longish mucro; caps. elliptic-oblong, contracted
at mouth; lid shortly and obliquely rostrate; calyp. rough at apex.
Sandy banks. II.
121. P. LITTORALIS. Mitt. (Jour. Bot. IX., 4.) L. oblong-spathulate
obtuse or acute, lower pale, upper green, nerve excurrent, longer in
lower leaves; areolæ in upper part of leaf small obscure, smooth, lower
oblong pellucid; caps. oblong-oval, mouth less than greatest diameter;
lid rostrate slightly twisted; male fl. bud-like.
Aldington, near Brighton, Hastings.
122. P. ASPERULA. Mitt. (l. c.) L. obovate-spathulate, acute, but not
acuminate, nerve excurrent into a short point; areolæ upper rounded
rather obscure, each with several elevated points, lower oblong smooth
pellucid; caps. oval, lid rostrate slightly twisted; antheridia naked in
axils of comal leaves.
Henfield, Sussex; Penzance (Curnow), Jersey (Piquet).
123. P. VIRIDIFOLIA. Mitt. (l. c.) (_P. pallida_, Braith. Jour. Bot.
VIII., 255, non Lindberg.) L. obovate-spathulate obtuse or slightly
acute; nerve not very stout, excurrent into a short point; margin
recurved at middle; areolæ, upper hexagonal or nearly square, obscure,
with minute protuberances, lower oblong hyaline smooth; caps. oblong on
a short seta; lid rostrate; antheridia in axils of comal leaves.
Plymouth (Holmes).
124. P. HEIMII. B. & S. St. ⅛–¼in. cæspitose, branched; l. spreading,
oblong-lanceolate, margin not recurved; caps. obovate or oblong
truncate, lid obliquely rostrate, adherent to columella.
Moist banks near the sea. IV. V.
22. ANACALYPTA. RÖHL.
125. A. STARKEANA. N. & H. Minute, gregarious; l. spreading
ovate-lanceolate, entire, margin recurved; nerve excurrent; caps. small
oval brown; lid convexo-conical; per. teeth obtuse perforate.
Banks and fields. I. II.
var. β. _brachyodus._ caps. narrower; per. teeth very short truncate.
126. A. CÆSPITOSA. Bruch. Minute cæspitose; l. oblong-lanceolate or
ovate, concave, plane, nerve excurrent; caps. ovate yellowish brown, lid
with a long beak; per. teeth perforate.
Woolsonbury Hill, Sussex (chalk). III.
127. A. LANCEOLATA. RÖHL. St. ¼–½in. cæspitose; l. spreading
ovate-lanceolate acute, margin recurved, entire; nerve excurrent into a
longish mucro; caps. ovate; lid conical obliquely rostrate; per. teeth
very variable, rather long, with a medial line.
Moist limestone banks, walls, &c. III.
128. A. LATIFOLIA. N. & H. St. short, gregarious, bulb-like; l.
imbricate, broadly roundish ovate, pointed or obtuse, concave, nerve
ceasing below apex: caps. oval-oblong, lid long, rostrate.
Alpine rocks, in crevices. Spring.
var. β. _pilifera._ l. with hair-like points.
[23. DESMATODON. BRID.—_Vide_ “TORTULA.”]
24. DISTICHIUM. B. & S.
129. D. CAPILLACEUM. B. & S. St. 1–2in. cæspitose; l.
subulate-setaceous, spreading; caps. erect, ovate-oblong or almost
cylindrical, reddish brown; per. teeth, narrow, articulate, bi- or
tri-fid.
Scotch and Welsh mountains. Summer.
130. D. INCLINATUM. B. & S. St. shorter than last, and less cæspitose;
leaves same, per. l. 1, 2, or 3 together; caps. oval, olive-brown,
inclined or cernuous; per. teeth larger lanceolate, articulate, entire
or perforate, bi-trifid.
Irish and Scotch mountains. VI. VII.
var. β. _tenue._ smaller in all its parts.
25. DIDYMODON. BR. & S.
1. Monoicous.
131. D. RUBELLUS. B. & S. St. ¼–1in. cæspitose, lower leaves reddish,
upper dull green, all oblong-lanceolate, spreading, margin recurved,
keeled, nerved nearly to apex; caps. pale brown, cylindrical; lid with a
short oblique beak; antheridia naked in axils of per. l.
Shady walls, rocks, &c. X.
132. D. JENNERI. Schp. St. 1–1½in. cæspitose, brownish black below; br.
fastigiate; l. spreading cirrhate linear-lanceolate concave, keeled,
serrate, nerved to apex; areolæ minute rectangular transparent at base;
caps. oval-oblong, slightly drooping, lid with a short obtuse beak.
Ross-shire (Jenner and Howie). [Referred by Wilson, and others, to
_Cynodontium polycarpon_.]
2. Dioicous.
_a._ L. lanceolate, rigid.
133. D. LURIDUS. Hornsch. St. ¼–1in. cæspitose; l., lower
ovate-lanceolate, upper larger and broader, with entire recurved
margins, keeled, acute, nerved (reddish) almost or quite to apex, areolæ
small roundish; caps. symmetrical oblong on a shortish seta twisted to
the right; lid conical pointed; per. teeth small irregular.
Limestone walls, &c., rare. XII.
_b._ L. narrow, not rigid.
134. D. CYLINDRICUS. B. & S. ¼–1in.; l. spreading flexuose,
linear-lanceolate, margin undulate and minutely crenulate; areolæ small
opaque, gradually enlarged towards the base, there diaphanous; caps.
erect, narrow, cylindrical; lid long conico-rostrate, per. teeth
linear-lanceolate, fugacious.
Damp shady rocks. E. S. & I. X.
135. D. FLEXIFOLIUS. Hook. & Tayl. Barren stems long trailing, fertile
½in; l. spreading, flexuose, more so when dry, oblong or ligulate,
margin reflexed below, and serrate at apex, nerve not reaching apex;
areolæ round; caps. small cylindrical, somewhat curved, lid with a short
beak; per. teeth short.
High moorlands, Buxton, Alderley Edge, Ben Ledi. III. IV.
var. _gemmescens._ Mitt. MS. Nerve excurrent into an apiculus, which
bears a cluster of egg-shaped or oblong gemmæ.
Old thatch, Amberley, Sussex (Mitten).
136. D. RECURVIFOLIUS. Tayl. “Stems elongate, loosely cæspitose; l.
squarrose, crisped and undulate when dry; elliptic-oblong or ligulate,
pale margined serrulate, nerve sub-excurrent; areolæ small dense opaque,
elongate and pellucid at base.” Ireland, 1842; fruit not known (Wilson).
26. TRICHOSTOMUM. BR. & S.
SECT. I. L. lanceolate or ligulate: dioicous.
137. T. TOPHACEUM. Brid. St. ¼–1in. densely cæspitose, branches
fasciculate; l. lanceolate (the upper ones obtuse), concave keeled,
margins recurved; nerve not reaching to apex; caps. sub-cylindrical
erect, regular; lid with an oblique beak; per. teeth variable, sometimes
only 16, somewhat fugacious.
Moist places and rocks. XI.
138. T. BRACHYDONTIUM. Bruch. (_T. mutabile._ olim.) L. broader,
lanceolate or ligulate, crisped, not cucullate, margin slightly
undulate, nerve excurrent into a prominent mucro; caps. ovate-oblong
erect, regular; lid obliquely rostrate; per. teeth very short and
irregular.
139. T. CRISPULUM. Bruch. St. ¼–1in., l. lower lanceolate, distant;
upper crowded, longer, linear-lanceolate concave cucullate at apex,
crisped when dry; nerve prolonged into a short mucro; caps. oval, erect,
regular; lid with an oblique beak; perist. t. in unequal pairs.
Limestone rocks near the sea; Ormes Head; Anglesea; Bristol. VI. VII.
var. β. _brevifolium._ l. shorter, lanceolate, acuminate, caps.
smaller.
γ. _angustifolium._ l. narrowly linear-lanceolate crowded,
apiculate.
140. T. FLAVO-VIRENS. Bruch. Müller. St. short, with innovations from
summit (interruptedly comose); l. oblong-ligulate, obtuse mucronate,
margins entire undulate incurved; fruit-stalk red, slightly flexuose;
thick nerve prolonged into a short mucro; caps. oblong-cylindrical pale
yellowish brown, with a red mouth; per. t. elongate, regular, in pairs.
Lid acuminate, half as long as caps. with an oblique beak.
Shoreham, Sussex; Plymouth (Holmes), Malahide (Dr. Moore). [W. Mitten.
Jour. Bot., VI., p. 97.]
141. T. LITTORALE. Mitten. St. elongate, tufted, more or less
interruptedly comose; l. erecto-patent, oblong-ligulate obtuse,
channelled, recurved towards apex, with nerve excurrent into a short
mucro; basal cells hyaline oblong and rectangular.
Ireland; Whitsand Bay, Cornwall; Hastings, (loc. cit. p. 99.)
142. T. (DITRICHUM) TENUE. Hedw. Dwarf, branched. L. from an erect base,
patent or secund, narrowly lanceolate, uppermost lanceolate-subulate;
per. l. sheathing half their length, quite entire; caps. oblong erect or
a little curved, lid conic rostrate.
Carn Lochan and Mael Girdy, 1863 (Crombie); Clova (Fergusson). [Dr.
Braithwaite, Jour. Bot. VIII. 228.]
β. _glaciale._ in long broad tufts with broader erecto-patent
leaves. (This is _Ditrichum zonatum_ Lorenz.)
SECT. II. L. subulate from a lanceolate base.
_A. dioicous._
143. T. TORTILE. Schrad. St. ¼in. gregarious, sub-flexuose; l. mostly
secund, somewhat falcate, margin reflexed, nerve excurrent into the
slightly toothed apex; caps. small cylindrical, erect, regular or
curved; lid conical, slightly rostrate; per. teeth irregular, purplish
red.
Sandy places, rare; Belfast, Yorkshire, Sussex. X. XI.
144. T. FLEXICAULE. Br. & S. St. 1–3in. flexuose, cæspitose, with
fastigiate branches; l. longer and more setaceous than in last,
flexuose, concave, usually secund, nerve broad, excurrent, toothed at
apex; caps. erect, small, ovate-oblong; annulus present; per. teeth long
irregular.
Scotch and Derbyshire mountains (calcareous). VI.
var. β. _densum._ densely cæspitose; l. straighter.
145. T. HOMOMALLUM. B. & S. St. scarcely ½in. cæspitose; l.
subulato-setaceous from a broadish base, mostly secund, nerve broad,
much excurrent; caps. erect oblong-ovate, brown on a long red seta;
annulus present; lid short conical obtuse; basilar membrane of perist.
very narrow.
Sandy banks. Autumn.
B. _monoicous._
146. T. SUBULATUM. Bruch. St. ¼in. cæspitose; l. subulato-setaceous from
an ovate base, spreading or somewhat secund, with a long excurrent
nerve; caps. oval, lid large obliquely rostellate; seta somewhat
flexuose; annulus none; basilar membrane very narrow; antheridia
axillary naked.
Cornwall (Rev.—Tozer). Spring.
147. T. GLAUCESCENS. Hedw. St. ½in., branches fastigiate; l. glaucous,
linear-lanceolate, margin plane (upper crowded into a tuft or coma),
nerve sometimes excurrent into the denticulate apex; caps. oblong-oval,
pale brown, with a long beaked lid; basilar membrane very narrow; barren
fl. gemmiform.
Scotch mountains. Summer.
27. TORTULA. SCHREB.
SECT. I. ALOIDELLA. L. rigid, covered on the upper side with articulated
cellular filaments or gemmæ arising from the broad nerve.
148. T. STELLATA. Schreb. 1771. (_T. rigida._ Schultz,) St. minute,
loosely cæspitose; l. spreading from an upright base oblong obtuse,
margin inflexed membranaceous; caps. erect elliptical; lid with a long
oblique beak; calyp. half as large as capsule; per. teeth long, and much
twisted; dioicous.
Limestone walls. XI. XII.
149. T. AMBIGUA. Br. & S. (larger in all its parts than last.) L.
ligulate lanceolate, apex cucullate, margin incurved; caps. erect
cylindrical; lid rostrate; calyp. very short; per. teeth filiform,
little twisted; arcuato-incurved when dry: dioicous.
Walls and banks (marly). XI. XII.
150. T. ALOIDES. Br. & S. St. as above; l. spreading, narrowly
lanceolate, acute, with a strong nerve; caps. cylindrical inclined; lid
conical, bluntly rostrate; per. teeth scarcely twisted, when dry widely
spreading: dioicous.
Clay banks. XI. XII.
SECT. II. CUNEIFOLIÆ. L. broadly or spathulato-lanceolate.
151. T. LAMELLATA. Lindb. (_Pottia cavifolia_ var. _gracilis_. Bry.
Brit.) St. very short cæspitose; l. rather lax erecto-patent, concave,
lower smaller, roundish oval, piliferous, upper larger oval spathulate,
nerve excurrent into mucro; caps. oblong sub-cylindrical, striate when
dry, on a long red seta; lid with a long rather oblique beak; perist.
that of a true _Tortula_, but so fragile as to have escaped notice, and
always falling off with the operculum according to Dr. Schimper;
monoicous.
Banks and walls, Oxford (Boswell), Pontefract, Edinburgh (Nowell);
Aldrington (Davies). II.
152. T. ATROVIRENS. Smith. Lindb. [_Didymodon nervosus_, Hook. & T.
_Desmatodon nervosus_, Bry. Brit.] St. ¼in. densely cæspitose, branched;
l. spreading oval or oblong concave, margins revolute, nerve thick,
prolonged into a short mucro; areolæ small roundish larger and
diaphanous at base; caps. oval-oblong, lid large conical with an oblique
beak.
Dry banks, &c., near the sea.
153. T. CUNEIFOLIA. Dicks. Gregarious; st. simple; l. upper crowded
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, nerve sometimes excurrent, soft, pellucid,
areolæ loose; lower broadly ovate aristate; caps. oblong erect, lid
obtuse short; basilar membrane of perist. broadish: monoicous.
Banks, sea coast, rare. III. IV.
154. T. MARGINATA. B. & S. St. simple gregarious or cæspitose; l.
oblong-lanceolate or linear, margin thickened, nerve sometimes excurrent
into a mucro; caps. oblong, lid very large, shortly rostrate; basilar
membrane narrow.
Sandstone walls, rare. V. VI.
155. T. VAHLIANA. Schultz. Small, gregarious or cæspitose; l. lower
oblong, upper oblong wedge-shaped, nerve excurrent subulate, margin
reflexed; caps. narrow elongate cylindrical, brown, sometimes slightly
incurved; lid shortly subulate, annulus broad; basilar membrane of
perist. tesselate: monoicous. Differs from _muralis_ in its broader
softer leaves, narrower capsule, and longer basilar tube.
Damp clayey ground, on road sides, &c. Spring.
Sussex, 1863 (G. Davies); Woking, Surrey (Sheppard and Westell.)
var. β. _subflaccida._ (_T. oblongifolia_, Bry. Brit.) L. with margins
more or less revolute, crenulate, with minute papillæ.
156. T. CANESCENS. Br. Simple gregarious or cæspitose, hoary; l. lower
obovate, upper oval-oblong, all concave, with a recurved margin, and
nerve excurrent into a long hair-like point; caps. small oblong erect,
with a long oblique conical lid; basilar membrane broadish: monoicous.
Fairlight Glen, Hastings. (Mr. Jenner).
157. T. MURALIS. Timm. Short, cæspitose; l. oblong obtuse, margin
recurved, nerve excurrent into a long hair-like point; caps. oblong
erect, with a long rostellate lid; basilar membrane narrow: monoicous.
var. β. _incana._ caps. small; l. oval-lanceolate, with long hair
points.
γ. _æstiva._ l. long linear-lanceolate, nerve scarcely excurrent.
δ. _rupestris._ larger and much branched; l. larger oblong,
piliferous, caps. longer, curved.
Walls and stones (δ limestone). IV. V.
SECT. III. BARBULA. L. naked, narrowly or ovate-lanceolate, in some
species slightly cirrhate when dry.
158. T. MUCRONATA. Brid. [_Cinclidotus riparius_ β. _terrestris_. Bry.
Brit.] St. 1–2in. radiculose, branches fastigiate; l. erecto-patent,
long lingulate, concave, minutely papillose on both sides, margin
slightly recurved, nerve thick excurrent into a mucro; areolæ upper
minute, rectangular and hyaline at base; caps. erect cylindrical
incurved, lid with an oblique beak: dioicous.
Stones in streams. Anglesea, Bristol, Surrey, Sussex, in fr. (Davies.)
IV.
159. T. UNGUICULATA. Hedw. St. ⅛–1in. cæspitose, dichotomous; l.
oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, margin recurved, nerve excurrent into a short
mucro; caps. oblong-cylindrical erect on a long reddish seta; lid with a
subulate beak: dioicous.
Clay banks and hedges. XII.
var. β. _cuspidata._ stems shorter, l. narrower, with a longer mucro.
γ. _apiculata._ l. spreading recurved, mucro long.
δ. _microcarpa._ caps. small oval or oval-oblong.
ε. _obtusifolia._ more robust, l. shorter, broader obtuse, mucro
almost or altogether absent; caps. sub-cylindrical.
ζ. _fastigiata._ with long fastigiate innovations; l. larger,
slightly undulate.
160. T. CONVOLUTA. Hedw. Cæspitose; l. spreading oblong-lanceolate,
plane or somewhat undulate in margin, nerve not excurrent; per. l.
strongly convolute, sheathing; caps. inclined oblong-ovate, on a
yellowish seta; lid with a long oblique beak: dioicous.
Walls, &c. V. VI.
161. T. REVOLUTA. Schwaeg. Densely cæspitose, l. crowded erecto-patent
oblong-lanceolate, nerve excurrent from the blunt apex, margin strongly
revolute; caps. reddish brown oval-oblong, with a scarcely oblique lid;
seta red: dioicous.
Walls, mostly limestone. V.
162. T. HORNSCHUCHIANA. Schultz. Loosely cæspitose, l. crowded,
spreading, ovate-lanceolate, gradually tapering to an acute point,
formed by slightly excurrent nerve, margins slightly revolute; caps.
oblong slightly curved, annulus narrow: dioicous.
Rocks, walls, and banks, not common. IV. V.
163. T. VINEALIS. Brid. St. more tufted than in _T. fallax_; l. strictly
patent with a stouter nerve, which is obscure towards the acute apex;
the latter usually tipped with a pointed hyaline cell; appressed when
dry, not crisped or contorted; caps. sub-cylindrical: dioicous. (W.
Mitten, in Jour. Bot. v. 324.)
Walls. IV. V.
164. T. INSULANA. De Not. (_T. vinealis_ β. _flaccida_. Bryol. Brit.
124.) St. loosely cæspitose; l. linear-subulate from a lanceolate
appressed base, recurved or hooked, obliquely patent, acute, margin
recurved below, above plane, nerve excurrent; contorted when dry; caps.
oblong erect; lid conical attenuate, somewhat obtuse, half as long as
capsule: rare in fruit. (loc. cit. 328.)
England and Ireland.
* [T. GRACILIS. Schw. Stem cæspitose, branches fastigiate; “l.
erecto-patent, imbricated when dry, carinato-concave, margin recurved,
nerve excurrent; per. l. larger, sheathing subulate, and flexuose at
apex; caps. ovate-oblong or ovate; perist. scarcely contorted, with a
broadish basilar membrane.”—Wils. Bryol. Brit. p. 123. Inserted from
Wilson, but has not yet been certainly found in Britain.]
Spring.
165. T. RIGIDULA. Hedw. (_Trichost. rigidulum_, var. β. _densum_. Bryol.
Brit. 114.) l. lanceolate carinate, rigid, bristly, not appressed and
imbricate, when dry slightly curved and loosely contorted; nerve stout
continued into a thick obscure point, not really excurrent; fruit
similar to No. 164. (loc. cit. 327.)
Scotland, York, Sussex, and Cornwall.
166. T. SPADICEA. Mitt. (_Trichostomum rigidulum._ Bryol. Brit., p.
114.) St. robust 1–2in.; l. patent from the base, lanceolate-subulate,
canaliculate, margin recurved below; incurved and closely imbricate when
dry; nerve percurrent and distinct to apex; per. l. lower half erect
broadly ovate, upper narrow, recurved; caps. erect cylindrical on a red
seta; lid shortly subulate, twisted; teeth narrow, on a short membrane:
dioicous. (loc. cit., p. 326.)
Rocks and stones near water. Scotland, Ireland, Bolton Abbey. Autumn,
Winter.