took Miletus. _Curtius_, bk. 4, ch. 5.
=Idas=, a son of Aphareus and Arane, famous for his valour and
military glory. He was among the Argonauts, and married Marpessa,
the daughter of Evenus king of Ætolia. Marpessa was carried away by
Apollo, and Idas pursued his wife’s ravisher with bows and arrows,
and obliged him to restore her. _See:_ Marpessa. According to
Apollodorus, Idas, with his brother Lynceus, associated with Pollux
and Castor to carry away some flocks; but when they had obtained a
sufficient quantity of plunder, they refused to divide it into equal
shares. This provoked the sons of Leda. Lynceus was killed by Castor,
and Idas, to revenge his brother’s death, immediately killed Castor,
and in his turn perished by the hand of Pollux. According to Ovid
and Pausanias, the quarrel between the sons of Leda and those of
Aphareus arose from a more tender cause. Idas and Lynceus, as they
say, were going to celebrate their nuptials with Phœbe and Hilaira
the two daughters of Leucippus; but Castor and Pollux, who had been
invited to partake the common festivity, offered violence to the
brides, and carried them away. Idas and Lynceus fell in the attempt
to recover their wives. _Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 9.――_Hyginus_, fables
14, 100, &c.――_Ovid_, _Fasti_, bk. 5, li. 700.――_Apollodorus_,
bks. 1 & 3.――_Pausanias_, bk. 4, ch. 2; bk. 5, ch. 18.――――A son of
Ægyptus.――――A Trojan killed by Turnus. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 9,
li. 575.
=Idea=, or =Idæa=, a daughter of Dardanus, who became the second
wife of Phineus king of Bithynia, and abused the confidence reposed
in her by her husband. _See:_ Phineus.――――The mother of Teucer by
Scamander. _Apollodorus._
=Idessa=, a town of Iberia on the confines of Colchis. _Strabo_,
bk. 11.
=Idex=, a small river of Italy, now _Idice_, near Bononia.
=Idistavisus=, a plain, now _Hastenbach_, where Germanicus defeated
Arminius, near Oldendorp, on the Weser, in Westphalia. _Tacitus_,
_Annals_, bk. 2, ch. 16.
=Idmon=, son of Apollo and Asteria, or, as some say, of Cyrene, was
the prophet of the Argonauts. He was killed in hunting a wild boar
in Bithynia, where his body received a magnificent funeral. He
had predicted the time and manner of his own death. _Apollodorus_,
bk. 1, ch. 2.――_Orpheus._――――A dyer of Colophon, father to Arachne.
_Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 6, li. 8.――――A man of Cyzicus, killed
by Hercules, &c. _Flaccus_, bk. 3.――――A son of Ægyptus, killed by
his wife. _See:_ Danaides.
=Idŏmĕne=, a daughter of Pheres, who married Amythaon.
=Idŏmĕneus=, succeeded his father Deucalion on the throne of Crete,
and accompanied the Greeks to the Trojan war, with a fleet of 90
ships. During this celebrated war he rendered himself famous by his
valour, and slaughtered many of the enemy. At his return he made
a vow to Neptune in a dangerous tempest, that if he escaped from
the fury of the seas and storms, he would offer to the god whatever
living creature first presented itself to his eye on the Cretan
shore. This was no other than his own son, who came to congratulate
his father upon his safe return. Idomeneus performed his promise to
the god, and the inhumanity and rashness of his sacrifice rendered
him so odious in the eyes of his subjects, that he left Crete, and
migrated in quest of a settlement. He came to Italy, and founded
a city on the coast of Calabria, which he called Salentum. He died
in an extreme old age, after he had had the satisfaction of seeing
his new kingdom flourish, and his subjects happy. According to
the Greek scholiast of Lycophron, li. 1217, Idomeneus, during his
absence in the Trojan war, entrusted the management of his kingdom
to Leucos, to whom he promised his daughter Clisithere in marriage
at his return. Leucos at first governed with moderation; but he was
persuaded by Nauplius king of Eubœa to put to death Meda the wife of
his master, with her daughter Clisithere, and to seize the kingdom.
After these violent measures, he strengthened himself on the throne
of Crete; and Idomeneus, at his return, found it impossible to expel
the usurper. _Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 13, li. 358.――_Hyginus_,
fable 92.――_Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 11, &c.; _Odyssey_, bk. 19.
――_Pausanias_, bk. 5, ch. 25.――_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 3, li. 122.
――――A son of Priam.――――A Greek historian of Lampsacus, in the age of
Epicurus. He wrote a history of Samothrace, the life of Socrates, &c.
=Idŏthea=, a daughter of Prœtus king of Argos. She was restored to
her senses with her sisters, by Melampus. _See:_ Prœtides. _Homer_,
_Odyssey_, bk. 11.――――A daughter of Proteus, the god who told
Menelaus how he could return to his country in safety. _Homer_,
_Odyssey_, bk. 4, li. 363.――――One of the nymphs who educated Jupiter.
=Idrieus=, the son of Euromus of Caria, brother to Artimisia, who
succeeded to Mausolus, and invaded Cyprus. _Diodorus_, bk. 16.
――_Polyænus_, bk. 7.
=Idubeda=, a river and mountain of Spain. _Strabo_, bk. 3.
=Idūme= and =Idūmēa=, a country of Syria, famous for palm trees. Gaza
is its capital, where Cambyses deposited his riches, as he was going
to Egypt. _Lucan_, bk. 3, li. 216.――_Silius Italicus_, bk. 5, li.
600.――_Virgil_, _Georgics_, bk. 3, li. 12.
=Idya=, one of the Oceanides, who married Æetes king of Colchis, by
whom she had Medea, &c. _Hyginus._――_Hesiod._――_Cicero_, _de Natura
Deorum_, bk. 3.
=Jenisus=, a town of Syria. _Herodotus_, bk. 3, ch. 5.
=Jera=, one of the Nereides. _Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 18.
=Jerĭcho=, a city of Palestine, besieged and taken by the Romans,
under Vespasian and Titus. _Pliny_, bk. 5, ch. 14.――_Strabo._
=Jerne=, a name of Ireland. _Strabo_, bk. 1.
=Jerŏmus= and =Jerony̆mus=, a Greek of Cardia, who wrote a history of
Alexander.――――A native of Rhodes, disciple of Aristotle, of whose
compositions some few historical fragments remain. _Dionysius of
Halicarnassus_, bk. 1.
=Jerusalem=, the capital of Judæa. _See:_ Hierosolyma.
=Jetæ=, a place of Sicily. _Silius Italicus_, bk. 14, li. 272.
=Igēni=, a people of Britain. _Tacitus_, _Annals_, bk. 12, &c.
=Igilium=, now _Giglio_, an island of the Mediterranean, on the coast
of Tuscany. _Mela_, bk. 2, ch. 7.――_Cæsar_, _Gallic War_, bk. 1,
ch. 34.
=Ignatius=, an officer of Crassus in his Parthian expedition.――――A
bishop of Antioch, torn to pieces in the amphitheatre at Rome, by
lions, during a persecution, A.D. 107. His writings were letters to
the Ephesians, Romans, &c., and he supported the divinity of Christ,
and the propriety of the episcopal order, as superior to priests
and deacons. The best edition of his work is that of Oxford, in 8vo,
1708.
=Iguvium=, a town of Umbria, on the Via Flaminia, now _Gubio_.
_Cicero_, _Letters to Atticus_, bk. 7, ltr. 13.――_Silius Italicus_,
bk. 8, li. 460.
=Ilaīra=, or =Hilaira=, a daughter of Leucippus, carried away with her
sister Phœbe, by the sons of Leda, as she was going to be married,
&c.
=Ilba=, more properly Ilva, an island of the Tyrrhene sea, two miles
from the continent. _See:_ Ilua. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 10, li. 173.
=Ilecaones= and =Ilecaonenses=, a people of Spain. _Livy_, bk. 22,
ch. 21.
=Ilerda=, now _Lerida_, a town of Spain, the capital of the Ilergetes,
on an eminence on the right bank of the river Sicoris in Catalonia.
_Livy_, bk. 21, ch. 23; bk. 22, ch. 21.――_Lucan_, bk. 4, li. 13.
=Ilergetes.= _See:_ Ilerda.
=Ilia=, or =Rhea=, a daughter of Numitor king of Alba, consecrated by
her uncle Amulius to the service of Vesta, which required perpetual
chastity, that she might not become a mother to dispossess him of
his crown. He was, however, disappointed; violence was offered to
Ilia, and she brought forth Romulus and Remus, who drove the usurper
from his throne, and restored the crown to their grandfather Numitor,
its lawful possessor. Ilia was buried alive by Amulius for violating
the laws of Vesta; and because her tomb was near the Tiber, some
supposed that she married the god of that river. _Horace_, bk. 1,
ode 2.――_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 1, li. 277.――_Ovid_, _Fasti_, bk. 2,
li. 598.――――A wife of Sylla.
=Iliăci ludi=, games instituted by Augustus, in commemoration of the
victory which he had obtained over Antony and Cleopatra. They are
supposed to be the same as the _Trojani ludi_ and the _Actia_; and
Virgil says they were celebrated by Æneas, and not because they
were instituted at the time when he wrote his poem, but because he
wished to compliment Augustus by making the founder of Lavinium
solemnize games on the very spot which was, many centuries after,
to be immortalized by the trophies of his patron. During these
games were exhibited horse-races, and gymnastic exercises. _Virgil_,
_Æneid_, bk. 3, li. 280.
=Iliăcus=, an epithet applied to such as belong to Troy. _Virgil_,
_Æneid_, bk. 1, li. 101.
=Iliădes=, a surname given to Romulus, as son of Ilia. _Ovid._――――A
name given to the Trojan women. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 1, li. 484.
=Ilias=, a celebrated poem composed by Homer, upon the Trojan war. It
delineates the wrath of Achilles, and all the calamities which befel
the Greeks, from the refusal of that hero to appear in the field
of battle. It finished at the death of Hector, whom Achilles had
sacrificed to the shades of his friend Patroclus. It is divided into
24 books. _See:_ Homerus.――――A surname of Minerva, from a temple
which she had at Daulis in Phocis.
=Ilienses=, a people of Sardinia. _Livy_, bk. 43, ch. 19; bk. 41,
chs. 6 & 12.
=Ilion=, a town of Macedonia. _Livy_, bk. 31, ch. 27. _See:_ Ilium.
=Ilĭone=, the eldest daughter of Priam, who married Polymnestor king
of Thrace. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 1, li. 657.
=Iliŏneus=, a Trojan, son of Phorbas. He came into Italy with Æneas.
_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 1, li. 525.――――A son of Artabanus, made
prisoner by Parmenio, near Damascus. _Curtius_, bk. 3, ch. 13.
――――One of Niobe’s sons. _Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 6, fable 6.
=Ilipa=, a town of Bætica. _Livy_, bk. 35, ch. 1.
=Ilissus=, a small river of Attica, falling into the sea near the
Piræus. There was a temple on its banks sacred to the muses.
_Statius_, _Thebiad_, bk. 4, li. 52.
=Ilĭthyīa=, a goddess, called also Juno Lucina. Some suppose her to be
the same as Diana. She presided over the travails of women; and in
her temple at Rome, it was usual to carry a small piece of money as
an offering. This custom was first established by Servius Tullius,
who, by enforcing it, was enabled to know the exact number of the
Roman people. _Hesiod_, _Theogony_, li. 450.――_Homer_, _Iliad_, bk.
11, ode 19.――_Apollodorus_, bks. 1 & 2.――_Horace_, _Carmen Sæculare_.
――_Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 9, li. 283.
=Ilium=, or =Ilion=, a citadel of Troy, built by Ilus, one of the
Trojan kings, from whom it received its name. It is generally
taken for Troy itself; and some have supposed that the town was
called Ilium, and the adjacent country Troja. _See:_ Troja. _Livy_,
bk. 35, ch. 43; bk. 37, chs. 9 & 37.――_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 1,
&c.――_Strabo_, bk. 13.――_Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 13, li. 505.
――_Horace_, bk. 3, ode 3.――_Justin_, bk. 11, ch. 5; bk. 31, ch. 8.
=Illiberis=, a town of Gaul, through which Hannibal passed as he
marched into Italy.
=Illice=, now _Elche_, a town of Spain, with a harbour and bay, _Sinus
et Portus Illicitanus_, now _Alicant_. _Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 3.
=Illipŭla=, two towns of Spain, one of which is called Major, and the
other Minor.
=Illiturgis=, =Iliturgus=, or =Ilirgia=, a city of Spain, near the
modern Andujar, on the river Bætis, destroyed by Scipio, for having
revolted to the Carthaginians. _Livy_, bk. 23, ch. 49; bk. 24,
ch. 41; bk. 26, ch. 17.
=Ilorcis=, now _Lorca_, a town of Spain. _Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 3.
=Illy̆rĭcum=, =Illy̆ris=, and =Illy̆ria=, a country bordering on the
Adriatic sea, opposite Italy, whose boundaries have been different
at different times. It became a Roman province, after Gentius its
king had been conquered by the pretor Anicius; and it now forms
part of Croatia, Bosnia, and Sclavonia. _Strabo_, bks. 2 & 7.
――_Pausanias_, bk. 4, ch. 35.――_Mela_, bk. 2, ch. 2, &c.――_Florus_,
bks. 1, 2, &c.
=Illy̆rīcus sinus=, that part of the Adriatic which is on the coast of
Illyricum.
=Illy̆rius=, a son of Cadmus and Hermione, from whom Illyricum received
its name. _Apollodorus._
=Ilua=, now _Elba_, an island in the Tyrrhene sea, between Italy
and Corsica, celebrated for its iron mines. The people are called
_Iluates_. _Livy_, bk. 30, ch. 39.――_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 10,
li. 173.――_Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 6; bk. 34, ch. 14.
=Iluro=, now _Oleron_, a town of Gascony in France.
=Ilus=, the fourth king of Troy, was son of Tros by Callirhoe. He
married Eurydice the daughter of Adrastus, by whom he had Themis,
who married Capys, and Laomedon the father of Priam. He built, or
rather embellished, the city of Ilium, called also Troy, from his
father Tros. Jupiter gave him the Palladium, a celebrated statue
of Minerva, and promised that as long as it remained in Troy, so
long would the town remain impregnable. When the temple of Minerva
was in flames, Ilus rushed into the middle of the fire to save the
Palladium, for which action he was deprived of his sight by the
goddess; though he recovered it some time after. _Homer_, _Iliad_.
――_Strabo_, bk. 13.――_Apollodorus_, bk. 3, ch. 12.――_Ovid_, _Fasti_,
bk. 4, li. 33; bk. 6, li. 419.――――A name of Ascanius, while he was
at Troy. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 1, li. 272.――――A friend of Turnus,
killed by Pallas. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 10, li. 400.
=Ilyrgis=, a town of Hispania Bætica, now _Ilora_. _Polybius._
=Imanuentius=, a king of part of Britain, killed by Cassivelaunus, &c.
――_Cæsar_, _Gallic War_, bk. 5.
=Imaus=, a large mountain of Scythia, which is part of mount Taurus.
It divides Scythia, which is generally called _Intra Imaum_,
and _Extra Imaum_. It extends, according to some, as far as the
boundaries of the eastern ocean. _Pliny_, bk. 6, ch. 17.――_Strabo_,
bk. 1.
=Imbărus=, a part of mount Taurus in Armenia.
=Imbrăsĭdes=, a patronymic given to Asius, as son of Imbracus.
_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 10, li. 123.
=Imbrăsĭdes=, a patronymic given to Glaucus and Lades, as sons of
Imbrasus. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 12, li. 343.
=Imbrăsus=, or =Parthenius=, a river of Samos. Juno, who was worshipped
on its banks, received the surname of _Imbrasia_. _Pausanias_, bk. 7,
ch. 4.――――The father of Pirus, the leader of the Thracians during
the Trojan war. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bks. 10 & 12.――_Homer_, _Iliad_,
bk. 4, li. 520.
=Imbreus=, one of the Centaurs, killed by Dryas at the nuptials of
Pirithous. _Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 12, li. 310.
=Imbrex Caius Licinius=, a poet. _See:_ Licinius.
=Imbrius=, a Trojan, killed by Teucer son of Mentor. He had married
Medesicaste, Priam’s daughter. _Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 13.
=Imbrivium=, a place of Samnium.
=Imbros=, now _Embro_, an island of the Ægean sea, near Thrace, 32
miles from Samothrace, with a small river and town of the same name.
Imbros was governed for some time by its own laws, but afterwards
subjected to the power of Persia, Athens, Macedonia, and the kings
of Pergamus. It afterwards became a Roman province. The divinities
particularly worshipped there were Ceres and Mercury. _Thucydides_,
bk. 8.――_Pliny_, bk. 4, ch. 12.――_Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 13.――_Strabo_,
bk. 2.――_Mela_, bk. 2, ch. 7.――_Ovid_, _Tristia_, bk. 1, poem 10,
li. 18.
=Inăchi=, a name given to the Greeks, particularly the Argives, from
king Inachus.
=Inachia=, a name given to Peloponnesus, from the river Inachus.――――A
festival in Crete in honour of Inachus; or, according to others, of
Ino’s misfortunes.――――A courtesan in the age of _Horace_, Epode 12.
=Inăchĭdæ=, the name of the eight first successors of Inachus, on the
throne of Argos.
=Inăchĭles=, a patronymic of Epaphus, as grandson of Inachus. _Ovid_,
_Metamorphoses_, bk. 1, li. 704.――――Also of Perseus, descended from
Inachus. _Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 4, fable 11.
=Inăchis=, a patronymic of Io, as daughter of Inachus. _Ovid_, _Fasti_,
bk. 1, li. 454.
=Inăchium=, a town of Peloponnesus.
=Inăchus=, a son of Oceanus and Tethys, father of Io, and also of
Phoroneus and Ægialeus. He founded the kingdom of Argos, and was
succeeded by Phoroneus, B.C. 1807, and gave his name to a river of
Argos, of which he became the tutelar deity. He reigned 60 years.
_Virgil_, _Georgics_, bk. 3, li. 151.――_Apollodorus_, bk. 2, ch. 3.
――_Pausanias_, bk. 2, ch. 15.――――A river of Argos.――――Another in
Epirus.
=Inamămes=, a river in the east of Asia, as far as which Semiramis
extended her empire. _Polyænus._
=Inarĭme=, an island near Campania, with a mountain under which
Jupiter confined the giant Typhœus. It is now called _Ischia_, and
is remarkable for its fertility and population. There was formerly
a volcano in the middle of the island. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 9,
li. 716.
=Inărus=, a town of Egypt, in whose neighbourhood the town of Naucratis
was built by the Milesians.――――A tyrant of Egypt, who died B.C. 456.
=Incitātus=, a horse of the emperor Caligula, made high priest.
=Indathyrsus=. _See:_ Idanthyrsus.
=India=, the most celebrated and opulent of all the countries of
Asia, bounded on one side by the Indus, from which it derives its
name. It is situate at the south of the kingdoms of Persia, Parthia,
&c., along the maritime coasts. It has always been reckoned famous
for the riches it contains; and so persuaded were the ancients
of its wealth, that they supposed that its very sands were gold.
It contained 9000 different nations, and 5000 remarkable cities,
according to geographers. Bacchus was the first who conquered it. In
more recent ages, part of it was tributary to the power of Persia.
Alexander invaded it; but his conquest was checked by the valour of
Porus, one of the kings of the country, and the Macedonian warrior
was unwilling or afraid to engage another. Semiramis also extended
her empire far in India. The Romans knew little of the country, yet
their power was so universally dreaded, that the Indians paid homage
by their ambassadors to the emperors Antoninus, Trajan, &c. India
is divided into several provinces. There is an India _extra Gangem_,
an India _intra Gangem_, and an India _propria_; but these divisions
are not particularly noticed by the ancients, who, even in the age
of Augustus, gave the name of Indians to the Æthiopian nations.
_Diodorus_, bk. 1.――_Strabo_, bk. 1, &c.――_Mela_, bk. 3, ch. 7.
――_Pliny_, bk. 5, ch. 28.――_Curtius_, bk. 8, ch. 10.――_Justin_,
bk. 1, ch. 2; bk. 12, ch. 7.
=Indibĭlis=, a princess of Spain betrothed to Albutius.
=Indĭgĕtes=, a name given to those deities who were worshipped only
in some particular places, or who were become gods from men, as
Hercules, Bacchus, &c. Some derive the word from _Inde et geniti_,
born at the same place where they received their worship. _Virgil_,
_Georgics_, bk. 1, li. 498.――_Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 14,
li. 608.
=Indĭgĕti=, a people of Spain.
=Indus=, now _Sinde_, a large river of Asia, from which the adjacent
country has received the name of India. It falls into the Indian
ocean by two mouths. According to Plato, it was larger than the Nile;
and Pliny says that 19 rivers discharge themselves into it, before
it falls into the sea. _Cicero_, _de Natura Deorum_, bk. 2, ch. 52.
――_Strabo_, bk. 15.――_Curtius_, bk. 8, ch. 9.――_Diodorus_, bk. 2.
――_Ovid_, _Fasti_, bk. 3, li. 720.――_Pliny_, bk. 6, ch. 20.――――A
river of Caria. _Livy_, bk. 38, ch. 14.
=Indutiomarus=, a Gaul, conquered by Cæsar, &c. _Cæsar_, _Gallic War_.
=Inferum mare=, the Tuscan sea.
=Ino=, a daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia, who nursed Bacchus. She
married Athamas king of Thebes, after he had divorced Nephele, by
whom he had two children, Phryxus and Helle. Ino became mother of
Melicerta and Learchus, and soon conceived an implacable hatred
against the children of Nephele, because they were to ascend the
throne in preference to her own. Phryxus and Helle were informed
of Ino’s machinations, and they escaped to Colchis on a golden
ram. _See:_ Phryxus. Juno, jealous of Ino’s prosperity, resolved
to disturb her peace; and more particularly because she was of
the descendants of her greatest enemy, Venus. Tisiphone was sent,
by order of the goddess, to the house of Athamas; and she filled
the whole palace with such fury, that Athamas, taking Ino to be a
lioness, and her children whelps, pursued her, and dashed her son
Learchus against a wall. Ino escaped from the fury of her husband,
and from a high rock she threw herself into the sea, with Melicerta
in her arms. The gods pitied her fate, and Neptune made her a sea
deity, which was afterwards called Leucothoe. Melicerta became also
a sea god, known by the name of Palæmon. _Homer_, _Odyssey_, bk. 5.
――_Cicero_, _Tusculanæ Disputationes_; _de Natura Deorum_, bk. 3,
ch. 48.――_Plutarch_, _Convivium Septem Sapientium_, ch. 5.――_Ovid_,
_Metamorphoses_, bk. 4, fable 13, &c.――_Pausanias_, bks. 1, 2, &c.
――_Apollodorus_, bk. 2, ch. 4.――_Hyginus_, fables 12, 14, & 15.
=Inōa=, festivals in memory of Ino, celebrated yearly with sports and
sacrifices at Corinth. An anniversary sacrifice was also offered
to Ino at Megara, where she was first worshipped, under the name
of Leucothoe.――――Another in Laconia, in honour of the same. It was
usual at the celebration to throw cakes of flour into a pond, which,
if they sunk, were presages of prosperity; but if they swam on the
surface of the waters, they were inauspicious and very unlucky.
=Inous=, a patronymic given to the god Palæmon, as son of Ino.
_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 5, li. 823.
=Inōpus=, a river of Delos, which the inhabitants suppose to be the
Nile, coming from Egypt under the sea. It was near its banks that
Apollo and Diana were born. _Pliny_, bk. 2, ch. 103.――_Flaccus_,
bk. 5, li. 105.――_Strabo_, bk. 6.――_Pausanias_, bk. 2, ch. 4.
=Insŭbres=, the inhabitants of Insubria, a country near the Po,
supposed to be of Gallic origin. They were conquered by the Romans,
and their country became a province, where the modern towns of Milan
and Pavia were built. _Strabo_, bk. 5.――_Tacitus_, _Annals_, bk. 11,
ch. 23.――_Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 17.――_Livy_, bk. 5, ch. 34.――_Ptolemy_,
bk. 3, ch. 1.
=Intaphernes=, one of the seven Persian noblemen who conspired against
Smerdis, who usurped the crown of Persia. He was so disappointed for
not obtaining the crown, that he fomented seditions against Darius,
who had been raised to the throne after the death of the usurper.
When the king had ordered him and all his family to be put to death,
his wife, by frequently visiting the palace, excited the compassion
of Darius, who pardoned her, and permitted her to redeem from
death any one of her relations whom she pleased. She obtained her
brother; and when the king expressed his astonishment, because she
preferred him to her husband and children, she replied that she
could procure another husband, and children likewise; out that she
could never have another brother, as her father and mother were dead.
Intaphernes was put to death. _Herodotus_, bk. 3.
=Intemelium=, a town at the west of Liguria, on the sea-shore.
_Cicero_, ♦_Letters to his Friends_, bk. 8, ch. 14.
♦ ‘Div.’ replaced with ‘Letters to his Friends’
=Interamna=, an ancient city of Umbria, the birthplace of the historian
Tacitus, and of the emperor of the same name. It is situate between
two branches of the Nar (_interamnes_), whence its name. _Varro_,
_de Lingua Latina_, bk. 4, ch. 5.――_Tacitus_, _Histories_, bk. 2,
ch. 64.――――A colony on the confines of Samnium, on the Liris.
=Intercatia=, a town of Spain.