rather than yield to Pompey. _Valerius Maximus_, bk. 7, ch. 6.
=Calais= and =Zethes=. _See:_ Zethes.
=Calagutis=, a river of Spain. _Florus_, bk. 3, ch. 22.
=Calămis=, an excellent carver. _Propertius_, bk. 3, poem 9, li. 10.
=Calămīsa=, a place of Samos. _Herodotus_, bk. 9.
=Calămos=, a town of Asia, near mount Libanus. _Pliny_, bk. 5, ch. 20.
――――A town of Phœnicia.――――Another of Babylonia.
=Calămus=, a son of the river Mæander, who was tenderly attached to
Carpo, &c. _Pausanias_, bk. 9, ch. 35.
=Calānus=, a celebrated Indian philosopher, one of the gymnosophists.
He followed Alexander in his Indian expedition, and being sick,
in his 83rd year, he ordered a pile to be raised, upon which he
mounted, decked with flowers and garlands, to the astonishment of
the king and of the army. When the pile was fired, Alexander asked
him whether he had anything to say. “No,” said he, “I shall meet you
again in a very short time.” Alexander died three months after in
Babylon. _Strabo_, bk. 15.――_Cicero_, _de Divinatione_, bk. 1, ch.
23.――_Arrian_ & _Plutarch_, _Alexander_.――_Ælian_, bk. 2, ch. 41;
bk. 5, ch. 6.――_Valerius Maximus_, bk. 1, ch. 8.
=Calaon=, a river of Asia, near Colophon. _Pausanias_, bk. 7, ch. 3.
=Calăris=, a city of Sardinia. _Florus_, bk. 2, ch. 6.
=Calathāna=, a town of Macedonia. _Livy_, bk. 32, ch. 13.
=Calathes=, a town of Thrace near Tomus, on the Euxine sea. _Strabo_,
bk. 7.――_Mela_, bk. 2, ch. 2.
=Calathion=, a mountain of Laconia. _Pausanias_, bk. 3, ch. 26.
=Calathus=, a son of Jupiter and Antiope.
=Calātia=, a town of Campania, on the Appian way. It was made a Roman
colony in the age of Julius Cæsar. _Silius Italicus_, bk. 8, li. 543.
=Calatiæ=, a people of India, who ate the flesh of their parents.
_Herodotus_, bk. 3, ch. 38.
=Calavii=, a people of Campania. _Livy_, bk. 26, ch. 27.
=Calavius=, a magistrate of Capua, who rescued some Roman senators
from death, &c. _Livy_, bk. 23, chs. 2 & 3.
=Calaurēa= and =Calaurīa=, an island near Trœzene in the bay of Argos.
Apollo, and afterwards Neptune, was the chief deity of the place.
The tomb of Demosthenes was seen there, who poisoned himself to fly
from the persecutions of Antipater. _Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 7,
li. 384.――_Pausanias_, bk. 1, ch. 8, &c.――_Strabo_, bk. 8.――_Mela_,
bk. 2, ch. 7.
=Calbis=, a river of Caria. _Mela_, bk. 1, ch. 16.
=Calce=, a city of Campania. _Strabo_, bk. 5.
=Calchas=, a celebrated soothsayer, son of Thestor. He accompanied
the Greeks to Troy, in the office of high priest; and he informed
them that the city could not be taken without the aid of Achilles,
that their fleet could not sail from Aulis before Iphigenia was
sacrificed to Diana, and that the plague could not be stopped in the
Grecian army before the restoration of Chryseis to her father. He
told them also that Troy could not be taken before 10 years’ siege.
He had received the power of divination from Apollo. Calchas was
informed that as soon as he found a man more skilled than himself in
divination, he must perish; and this happened near Colophon, after
the Trojan war. He was unable to tell how many figs were in the
branches of a certain fig tree; and when Mopsus mentioned the exact
number, Calchas died through grief. _See:_ Mopsus. _Homer_, _Iliad_,
bk. 1, li. 69.――_Aeschylus_, _Agamemnon_.――_Euripides_, _Iphigeneia_.
――_Pausanias_, bk. 1, ch. 43.
=Calchedonia.= _See:_ Chalcedon.
=Calchinia=, a daughter of Leucippus. She had a son by Neptune, who
inherited his grandfather’s kingdom of Sicyon. _Pausanias_, bk. 2,
ch. 5.
=Caldus Cælius=, a Roman who killed himself when detained by the
Germans. _Paterculus_, bk. 2, ch. 120.
=Cale= (es), =Cales= (ium), and =Calēnum=, now _Calvi_, a town of
Campania. _Horace_, bk. 4, ode 12.――_Juvenal_, satire 1, li. 69.
――_Silius Italicus_, bk. 8, li. 413.――_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 7,
li. 728.
=Calēdonia=, a country at the north of Britain, now called Scotland.
The reddish hair and lofty stature of its inhabitants seemed
to denote a German extraction, according to _Tacitus_, _Life of
Agricola_. It was so little known to the Romans, and its inhabitants
so little civilized, that they called it _Britannia Barbara_, and
they never penetrated into the country either for curiosity or
conquest. _Martial_, bk. 10, ltr. 44.――_Silius Italicus_, bk. 3,
li. 598.
=Calēntum=, a place of Spain, where it is said they made bricks so
light that they swam on the surface of the water. _Pliny_, bk. 35,
ch. 14.
=Calēnus=, a famous soothsayer of Etruria in the age of Tarquin.
_Pliny_, bk. 28, ch. 2.――――A lieutenant of Cæsar’s army. After
Cæsar’s murder, he concealed some that had been proscribed by
the triumvirs, and behaved with great honour to them. _Plutarch_,
_Cæsar_.
=Cales.= _See:_ Cale.――――A city of Bithynia on the Euxine. _Arrian._
=Calesius=, a charioteer of Axylus, killed by Diomedes in the Trojan
war. _Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 16, li. 16.
=Calētæ=, a people of Belgic Gaul, now _Pays de Caux_, in Normandy.
_Cæsar_, _Gallic War_, bk. 2, ch. 4. Their town was called Caletum.
=Caletor=, a Trojan prince, slain by Ajax as he was going to set fire
to the ship of Protesilaus. _Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 15, li. 419.
=Calex=, a river of Asia Minor, falling into the Euxine sea.
_Thucydides_, bk. 4, ch. 75.
=Caliadne=, the wife of Ægyptus. _Apollodorus_, bk. 2, ch. 1.
=Calicēni=, a people of Macedonia.
=Marcus Calidius=, an orator and pretorian who died in the civil wars,
&c. _Cæsar_, _Civil War_, bk. 1, ch. 2.――――Lucius Julius, a man
remarkable for his riches, the excellency of his character, his
learning and poetical abilities. He was proscribed by Volumnius,
but delivered by Atticus. _Cornelius Nepos_, _Atticus_, ch. 12.
=Caius Calĭgŭla=, the emperor, received this surname from his wearing
in the camp the _Caliga_, a military covering for the leg. He was
son of Germanicus by Agrippina, and grandson to Tiberius. During
the first eight months of his reign, Rome experienced universal
prosperity, the exiles were recalled, taxes were remitted, and
profligates dismissed; but Caligula soon became proud, wanton,
and cruel. He built a temple to himself, and ordered his head to
be placed on the images of the gods, while he wished to imitate
the thunders and powers of Jupiter. The statues of all great men
were removed, as if Rome would sooner forget their virtues in their
absence; and the emperor appeared in public places in the most
indecent manner, encouraged roguery, committed incest with his three
sisters, and established public places of prostitution. He often
amused himself with putting innocent people to death; he attempted
to famish Rome by a monopoly of corn; and as he was pleased with
the greatest disasters which befel his subjects, he often wished
the Romans had but one head, that he might have the gratification
to strike it off. Wild beasts were constantly fed in his palace with
human victims, and a favourite horse was made high priest and consul,
and kept in marble apartments, and adorned with the most valuable
trappings and pearls which the Roman empire could furnish. Caligula
built a bridge upwards of three miles in the sea; and would perhaps
have shown himself more tyrannical had not Chæreas, one of his
servants, formed a conspiracy against his life, with others equally
tired with the cruelties and the insults that were offered with
impunity to the persons and feelings of the Romans. In consequence
of this, the tyrant was murdered January 24th, in his 29th year,
after a reign of three years and ten months, A.D. 41. It has been
said that Caligula wrote a treatise on rhetoric; but his love of
learning is better understood from his attempts to destroy the
writings of Homer and of Virgil. _Dio Cassius._――_Suetonius_, _Lives
of the Twelve Caesars_.――_Tacitus_, _Annals_.
=Calĭpus=, a mathematician of Cyzicus, B.C. 330.
=Calis=, a man in Alexander’s army, tortured for conspiring against
the king. _Curtius_, bk. 6, ch. 11.
=Callæscherus=, the father of Critias. _Plutarch_, _Alcibiades_.
=Callaĭci=, a people of Lusitania, now _Gallicia_, at the north of
Spain. _Ovid_, _Fasti_, bk. 6, li. 461.
=Callas=, a general of Alexander. _Diodorus_, bk. 17.――――Of Cassander
against Polyperchon. _Diodorus_, bk. 19.――――A river of Eubœa.
=Callatēbus=, a town of Caria. _Herodotus_, bk. 7, ch. 32.
=Calle=, a town of ancient Spain, now _Oporto_, at the mouth of the
Douro in Portugal.
=Calleteria=, a town of Campania.
=Callēni=, a people of Campania.
=Callia=, a town of Arcadia. _Pausanias_, bk. 8, ch. 27.
=Calliădes=, a magistrate of Athens when Xerxes invaded Greece.
_Herodotus_, bk. 8, ch. 51.
=Callias=, an Athenian appointed to make peace between Artaxerxes and
his country. _Diodorus_, bk. 12.――――A son of Temenus, who murdered
his father with the assistance of his brothers. _Apollodorus_, bk. 2,
ch. 6.――――A Greek poet, son of Lysimachus. His compositions are lost.
He was surnamed Schœnion, from his twisting ropes (σχοινος), through
poverty. _Athenæus_, bk. 10.――――A partial historian of Syracuse.
He wrote an account of the Sicilian wars, and was well rewarded
by Agathocles, because he had shown him in a favourable view.
_Athenæus_, bk. 12.――_Dionysius._――――An Athenian greatly revered
for his patriotism. _Herodotus_, bk. 6, ch. 121.――――A soothsayer.
――――An Athenian commander of a fleet against Philip, whose ships
he took, &c.――――A rich Athenian, who liberated Cimon from prison,
on condition of marrying his sister and wife Elpinice. _Cornelius
Nepos_ & _Plutarch_, _Cimon_.――――An historian, who wrote an
explanation of the poems of Alcæus and Sappho.
=Callibius=, a general in the war between Mantinea and Sparta.
_Xenophon_, _Hellenica_.
=Callicērus=, a Greek poet, some of whose epigrams are preserved in
the Anthologia.
=Callichŏrus=, a place of Phocis, where the orgies of Bacchus were
yearly celebrated.
=Callĭcles=, an Athenian, whose house was not searched on account of
his recent marriage, when an inquiry was made after the money given
by Harpalus, &c. _Plutarch_, _Demosthenes_.――――A statuary of Megara.
=Callicolōna=, a place of Troy, near the Simois.
=Callicrătes=, an Athenian, who seized upon the sovereignty of
Syracuse, by imposing upon Dion when he had lost his popularity.
He was expelled by the sons of Dionysius, after reigning 13 months.
He is called _Calippus_ by some authors. _Cornelius Nepos_, _Dion_.
――――An officer entrusted with the care of the treasures of Susa by
Alexander. _Curtius_, bk. 5, ch. 2.――――An artist, who made, with
ivory, ants and other insects, so small that they could scarcely
be seen. It is said that he engraved some of Homer’s verses upon a
grain of millet. _Pliny_, bk. 7, ch. 21.――_Ælian_, _Varia Historia_,
bk. 1, ch. 17.――――An Athenian, who, by his perfidy, constrained the
Athenians to submit to Rome. _Pausanias_, bk. 7, ch. 10.――――A Syrian,
who wrote an account of Aurelian’s life.――――A brave Athenian, killed
at the battle of Platæa. _Herodotus_, bk. 9, ch. 72.
=Callicratĭdas=, a Spartan, who succeeded Lysander in the command of
the fleet. He took Methymna, and routed the Athenian fleet under
Conon. He was defeated and killed near the Arginusæ, in a naval
battle, B.C. 406. _Diodorus_, bk. 13.――_Xenophon_, _Hellenica_.
――――One of the four ambassadors sent by the Lacedæmonians to Darius,
upon the rupture of their alliance with Alexander. _Curtius_, bk. 3,
ch. 13.――――A Pythagorean writer.
=Callidius=, a celebrated Roman orator, contemporary with Cicero,
who speaks of his abilities with commendation. _Cicero_, _Brutus_,
ch. 274.――_Paterculus_, bk. 2, ch. 36.
=Callidrŏmus=, a place near Thermopylæ. _Thucydides_, bk. 8, ch. 6.
=Calligētus=, a man of Megara, received in his banishment by
Pharnabazus. _Thucydides_, bk. 8, ch. 6.
=Callĭmăchus=, an historian and poet of Cyrene, son of Battus and
Mesatma, and pupil to Hermocrates the grammarian. He had, in the
age of Ptolemy Philadelphus, kept a school at Alexandria, and had
Apollonius of Rhodes among his pupils, whose ingratitude obliged
Callimachus to lash him severely in a satirical poem, under the name
of _Ibis_. _See:_ Apollonius. The Ibis of Ovid is in imitation of
this piece. He wrote a work, in 120 books, on famous men, besides
treatises on birds; but of all his numerous compositions, only 31
epigrams, an elegy, and some hymns on the gods, are extant; the
best editions of which are that of Ernestus, 2 vols., 8vo, Leiden,
1761, and that of Vulcanius, 12mo, Antwerp, 1584. Propertius styled
himself the _Roman Callimachus_. The precise time of his death, as
well as of his birth, is unknown. _Propertius_, bk. 4, poem 1, li.
65.――_Cicero_, _Tusculanæ Disputations_, bk. 1, ch. 84.――_Horace_,
bk. 2, ltr. 2, li. 109.――_Quintilian_, bk. 10, ch. 1.――――An Athenian
general killed in the battle of Marathon. His body was found in an
erect posture, all covered with wounds. _Plutarch._――――A Colophonian,
who wrote the life of Homer. _Plutarch._
=Callimĕdon=, a partisan of Phocion, at Athens, condemned by the
populace.
=Callimĕles=, a youth ordered to be killed and served up as meat by
Apollodorus of Cassandrea. _Polyænus_, bk. 6, ch. 7.
=Callinus=, an orator, who is said to have first invented elegiac
poetry, B.C. 776. Some of his verses are to be found in Stobæus.
_Athenæus._――_Strabo_, bk. 13.
=Calliŏpe=, one of the Muses, daughter of Jupiter and Mnemosyne, who
presided over eloquence and heroic poetry. She is said to be the
mother of Orpheus by Apollo, and Horace supposes her able to play
on any musical instrument. She was represented with a trumpet in her
right hand, and with books in the other, which signified that her
office was to take notice of the famous actions of heroes, as Clio
was employed in celebrating them; and she held the three most famous
epic poems of antiquity, and appeared generally crowned with laurels.
She settled the dispute between Venus and Proserpine, concerning
Adonis, whose company these two goddesses wished both perpetually to
enjoy. _Hesiod_, _Theogony_.――_Apollodorus_, bk. 1, ch. 3.――_Horace_,
_Odes_.
=Callipatīra=, daughter of Diagoras and wife of Callianax the athlete,
went disguised in man’s clothes with her son Pisidorus to the
Olympic games. When Pisidorus was declared victor, she discovered
her sex through excess of joy, and was arrested, as women were not
permitted to appear there on pain of death. The victory of her son
obtained her release; and a law was instantly made, which forbade
any wrestlers to appear but naked. _Pausanias_, bk. 5, ch. 6; bk. 6,
ch. 7.
=Callĭphon=, a painter of Samos, famous for his historical pieces.
_Pliny_, bk. 10, ch. 26.――――A philosopher who made the _summum
bonum_ consist in pleasure joined to the love of honesty. This
system was opposed by _Cicero_. _Academic Questions_, bk. 4, chs.
131 & 139; _De Officiis_, bk. 3, ch. 119.
=Callĭphron=, a celebrated dancing master, who had Epaminondas among
his pupils. _Cornelius Nepos_, _Epaminondas_.
=Callipĭdæ=, a people of Scythia. _Herodotus_, bk. 4, ch. 17.
=Callipŏlis=, a city of Thrace on the Hellespont. _Silius Italicus_,
bk. 14, li. 250.――――A town of Sicily near Ætna.――――A city of
Calabria on the coast of Tarentum, on a rocky island, joined by a
bridge to the continent. It is now called _Gallipoli_, and contains
6000 inhabitants, who trade in oil and cotton.
=Callĭpus=, or =Calippus=, an Athenian, disciple to Plato. He
destroyed Dion, &c. _See:_ Callicrates. _Cornelius Nepos_, _Dion_.
――――A Corinthian, who wrote a history of Orchomenos. _Pausanias_,
bk. 6, ch. 20.――――A philosopher. _Diogenes Laërtius_, _Zeno_.
――――A general of the Athenians, when the Gauls invaded Greece by
Thermopylæ. _Pausanias_, bk. 1, ch. 3.
=Callipyges=, a surname of Venus.
=Callirhoe=, a daughter of the Scamander, who married Tros, by whom
she had Ilus, Ganymede, and Assaracus.――――A fountain of Attica
where Callirhoe killed herself. _See:_ Coresus. _Pausanias_, bk. 7,
ch. 21.――_Statius_, bk. 12, _Thebiad_, li. 629.――――A daughter of
Oceanus and Tethys, mother of Echidna, Orthus, and Cerberus by
Chrysaor. _Hesiod._――――A daughter of Lycus tyrant of Libya, who
kindly received Diomedes at his return from Troy. He abandoned her,
upon which she killed herself.――――A daughter of the Achelous, who
married Alcmæon. _See:_ Alcmæon. _Pausanias_, bk. 8, ch. 24.――――A
daughter of Phocus the Bœotian, whose beauty procured her many
admirers. Her father behaved with such coldness to her lovers that
they murdered him. Callirhoe avenged his death with the assistance
of the Bœotians. _Plutarch_, _Amatoriæ narrationes_.――――A daughter
of Piras and Niobe. _Hyginus_, fable 145.
=Calliste=, an island of the Ægean sea, called afterwards _Thera_.
_Pliny_, bk. 4, ch. 12.――_Pausanias_, bk. 3, ch. 1.――Its chief town
was founded 1150 years before the christian era, by Theras.
=Callisteia=, a festival at Lesbos, during which all the women
presented themselves in the temple of Juno, and the fairest was
rewarded in a public manner. There was also an institution of the
same kind among the Parrhasians, first made by Cypselus, whose wife
was honoured with the first prize. The Eleans had one also, in which
the fairest man received as a prize a complete suit of armour, which
he dedicated to Minerva.
=Callisthĕnes=, a Greek who wrote a history of his own country in 10
books, beginning from the peace between Artaxerxes and Greece, down
to the plundering of the temple of Delphi by Philomelus. _Diodorus_,
bk. 14.――――A man who with others attempted to expel the garrison of
Demetrius from Athens. _Polyænus_, bk. 5, ch. 17.――――A philosopher
of Olynthus, intimate with Alexander, whom he accompanied in his
oriental expedition in the capacity of a preceptor, and to whom he
had been recommended by his friend and master Aristotle. He refused
to pay divine honours to the king, for which he was accused of
conspiracy, mutilated and exposed to wild beasts, dragged about
in chains, till Lysimachus gave him poison, which ended together
his tortures and his life, B.C. 328. None of his compositions are
extant. _Curtius_, bk. 8, ch. 6.――_Plutarch_, _Alexander_.――_Arrian_,
bk. 4.――_Justin_, bk. 12, chs. 6 & 7.――――A writer of Sybaris.――――A
freedman of Lucullus. It is said that he gave poison to his master.
_Plutarch_, _Lucullus_.
=Callisto= and =Calisto=, called also Helice, was daughter of Lycaon
king of Arcadia, and one of Diana’s attendants. Jupiter saw her, and
seduced her after he had assumed the shape of Diana. Her pregnancy
was discovered as she bathed with Diana; and the fruit of her amour
with Jupiter called Arcas, was hid in the woods and preserved. Juno,
who was jealous of Jupiter, changed Calisto into a bear; but the
god, apprehensive of her being hurt by the huntsmen, made her a
constellation of heaven, with her son Arcas, under the name of the
bear. _Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 2, fable 4, &c.――_Apollodorus_,
bk. 3, ch. 8.――_Hyginus_, fable 176 & 177.――_Pausanias_, bk. 8,
ch. 3.
=Callistonicus=, a celebrated statuary at Thebes. _Pausanias_, bk. 9,
ch. 16.
=Callistrătus=, an Athenian, appointed general with Timotheus and
Chabrias against Lacedæmon. _Diodorus_, bk. 15.――――An orator of
Aphidna, in the time of Epaminondas, the most eloquent of his
age.――――An Athenian orator with whom Demosthenes made an intimate
acquaintance after he had heard him plead. _Xenophon._――――A Greek
historian praised by _Dionysius of Halicarnassus_.――――A comic poet,
rival of Aristophanes.――――A statuary. _Pliny_, bk. 34, ch. 8.――――A
secretary of Mithridates. _Plutarch_, _Lucullus_.――――A grammarian,
who made the alphabet of the Samians consist of 24 letters. Some
suppose that he wrote a treatise on courtesans.
=Callixĕna=, a courtesan of Thessaly, whose company Alexander refused,
though requested by his mother Olympias. This was attributed by the
Athenians to other causes than chastity, and therefore the prince’s
ambition was ridiculed.
=Callixĕnus=, a general who perished by famine.――――An Athenian
imprisoned for passing sentence of death upon some prisoners.
_Diodorus_, bk. 13.
=Calon=, a statuary. _Quintilian_, bk. 12, ch. 10.――_Pliny_, bk. 34,
ch. 8.
=Calor=, now _Calore_, a river in Italy near Beneventum. _Livy_,
bk. 24, ch. 14.
=Calpe=, a lofty mountain in the most southern parts of Spain, opposite
to mount Abyla on the African coast. These two mountains were called
the pillars of Hercules. Calpe is now called Gibraltar.
=Calphurnia=, a daughter of Lucius Piso, who was Julius Cæsar’s fourth
wife. The night previous to her husband’s murder, she dreamed that
the roof of her house had fallen, and that he had been stabbed in
her arms; and on that account she attempted, but in vain, to detain
him at home. After Cæsar’s murder she placed herself under the
patronage of Marcus Antony. _Suetonius_, _Julius_.
=Calphurnius Bestia=, a noble Roman bribed by Jugurtha. It is said
that he murdered his wives when asleep. _Pliny_, bk. 27, ch. 2.
――――Crassus, a patrician who went with Regulus against the Massyli.
He was seized by the enemy as he attempted to plunder one of their
towns, and he was ordered to be sacrificed to Neptune. Bisaltia the
king’s daughter fell in love with him, and gave him an opportunity
of escaping and conquering her father. Calphurnius returned
victorious, and Bisaltia destroyed herself.――――A man who conspired
against the emperor Nerva.――――Galerianus, son of Piso, put to death,
&c. _Tacitus_, _Histories_, bk. 4, ch. 11.――――Piso, condemned for
using seditious words against Tiberius. _Tacitus_, _Histories_, bk.
4, ch. 21.――――Another, famous for his abstinence. _Valerius Maximus_,
bk. 4, ch. 3.――――Titus, a Latin poet, born in Sicily in the age
of Diocletian, seven of whose eclogues are extant, and generally
found with the works of the poets who have written on hunting.
Though abounding in many beautiful lines, they are, however, greatly
inferior to the elegance and simplicity of Virgil. The best edition
is that of Kempher, 4to, Leiden, 1728.――――A man surnamed Frugi, who
composed annals, B.C. 130.
=Calpurnia=, or =Calphurnia=, a noble family in Rome, derived from
Calpus son of Numa. It branched into the families of the Pisones,
Bibuli, Flammæ, Cæsennini, Asprenates, &c. ♦_Plutarch_, _Numa_.
♦ ‘Pliny’ replaced with ‘Plutarch’
=Calpurnia= and =Calphurnia lex=, was enacted A.U.C. 604, severely
to punish such as were guilty of using bribes, &c. _Cicero_, _De
Officiis_, bk. 2.――――A daughter of Marius, sacrificed to the gods
by her father, who was advised to do it, in a dream, if he wished
to conquer the Cimbri. _Plutarch_, _Parallela minora_.――――A woman
who killed herself when she heard that her husband was murdered in
the civil wars of Marius. _Paterculus_, bk. 2, ch. 26.――――The wife
of Julius Cæsar. _See:_ Calphurnia.――――A favourite of the emperor
Claudius, &c. _Tacitus_, _Annals_.――――A woman ruined by Agrippina
on account of her beauty, &c. _Tacitus._
=Calvia=, a female minister of Nero’s lusts. _Tacitus_, _Histories_,
bk. 1, ch. 3.
=Calvīna=, a prostitute in Juvenal’s age. Bk. 3, li. 133.
=Calvisius=, a friend of Augustus. _Plutarch_, _Antonius_.――――An
officer whose wife prostituted herself in his camp by night, &c.
_Tacitus_, _Histories_, bk. 1, ch. 48.
=Calumnia= and =Impudentia=, two deities worshipped at Athens. Calumnia
was ingeniously represented in a painting by Apelles.
=Calusidius=, a soldier in the army of Germanicus. When this general
wished to stab ♦himself with his own sword, Calusidius offered him
his own, observing that it was sharper. _Tacitus_, _Annals_, bk. 1,
ch. 35.
♦ ‘himslf’ replaced with ‘himself’
=Calusium=, a town of Etruria.