REFUTATION OF THE (JAMES-LANGE) THEORY OF EMOTIONS.

We shall later on consider the organized body; here we must find how

the conjunction of soul and body could experience suffering. The

theory that the affection of the body modifies it so as to produce a

sensation which itself would end in the soul, leaves unexplained the

origin of sensation. To the theory that suffering has its principle in

this opinion or judgment, that a misfortune is happening to ourselves

or some one related to us, whence results disagreeable emotion first

in the body, and then in the whole living organism,[292] there is this

objection, that it is yet uncertain to which opinion belongs; to the

soul, or to the conjunction of soul and body. Besides, the opinion

of the presence of an evil does not always entail suffering; it is

possible that, in spite of such an opinion, one feels no affliction;

as, for instance, one may not become irritated at believing oneself

scorned; or in experiencing no desire even in the expectation of some

good.

Plotinos: Complete Works, v. 4 In Chronological Order, Grouped in Four Periods · 第 217 / 382 题