1. [_This is_] the kid that my father bought for two zuzim
[=1/2_d._].
2. [_This is_] the cat that ate ...
3. [_This is_] the dog that bit ...
4. [_This is_] the stick that beat ...
5. [_This is_] the fire that burnt ...
6. [_This is_] the water that quenched ...
7. [_This is_] the ox that drank ...
8. [_This is_] the butcher that killed ...
9. This is the angel, the angel of death, that slew ...
=Hous´sain= (_Prince_), the elder brother of Prince Ahmed. He possessed
a carpet of such wonderful powers that if any one sat upon it it would
transport him in a moment to any place he liked. Prince Houssain bought
this carpet at Bisnagar, in India.—_Arabian Nights_ (“Ahmed and
Paribanou”).
⁂ Solomon’s carpet (_q. v._) possessed the same locomotive power.
=Houyhnhnms= [_Whin´.ims_], a race of horses endowed with human reason,
and bearing rule over the race of man.—Swift, _Gulliver’s Travels_
(1726).
“True, true, ay, too true,” replied the Domine, his houyhnhnms laugh
sinking into an hysterical giggle.—Sir W. Scott, _Guy Mannering_ (1815).
=Hover= (_Paul_), bee-hunter in _Last of the Mohicans_, in love with
Ellen Wade.—James Fennimore Cooper.
=Howard=, in the court of Edward IV.—Sir W. Scott, _Anne of Geierstein_
(time, Edward IV.).
=How´atson= (_Luckie_), midwife at Ellangowan.—Sir W. Scott, _Guy
Mannering_ (time, George II.).
=Howden= (_Mrs._), a saleswoman.—Sir W. Scott, _Heart of Midlothian_
(time, George II.).
=Howe= (_Miss_), the friend of Clarissa Harlowe, to whom she presents a
strong contrast. She has more worldly wisdom and less abstract
principle. In questions of doubt, Miss Howe would suggest some practical
solution, while Clarissa was mooning about hypothetical contingencies.
She is a girl of high spirit, disinterested friendship, and sound common
sense.—Richardson, _Clarissa Harlowe_ (1749).
=Howel= or =Hoel=, king of the West Welsh in the tenth century, surnamed
“the Good.” He is a very famous king, especially for his code of laws.
This is not the Howel or Hoel of Arthurian romance, who was the duke of
Armorica in the sixth century.
What Mulmutian laws, or Martian, ever were
More excellent than those which our good Howel here
Ordained to govern Wales?
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, ix. (1612).
=Howie= (_Jamie_), bailie to Malcolm Bradwardine (_3 syl._), of
Inchgrabbit.—Sir W. Scott, _Waverley_ (time, George II.).
=Howlaglass= (_Master_), a preacher. Friend of Justice Maulstatute.—Sir
W. Scott, _Peveril of the Peak_ (time, Charles II.).
=Howle´glas= (_Father_), the abbot of Unreason, in the revels held at
Kennaquhair Abbey.—Sir W. Scott, _The Abbot_ (time, Elizabeth).
=Howleglass= (_2 syl._), a clever rascal, so called from the hero of an
old German jest-book, popular in England in Queen Elizabeth’s reign.—See
_Eulenspiegel_.
=Hoyden= (_Miss_), a lively, ignorant, romping country girl.—Vanbrugh,
_The Relapse_ (1697).
_Hoyden_ (_Miss_), daughter of Sir Tunbelly Clumsy, a green,
ill-educated, country girl, living near Scarborough. She is promised in
marriage to Lord Foppington, but as his lordship is not personally
known, either by the knight or his daughter, Tom Fashion, the nobleman’s
younger brother, passes himself off as Lord Foppington, is admitted into
the family, and marries the heiress.—Sheridan, _A Trip to Scarborough_
(1777).
⁂ Sheridan’s comedy is _The Relapse_ of Vanbrugh (1697), abridged,
recast, and somewhat modernized.
=Hrasvelg=, the giant who keeps watch on the North side of the root of
the Tree of the World, to devour the dead. His shape is that of an
eagle. Winds and storms are caused by the movement of his
wings.—_Scandinavian Mythology._
=Hrimfax´i=, the horse of Night, from whose bit fall the rime-drops that
every morning bedew the earth.—_Scandinavian Mythology._
=Hrothgar=, king of Denmark, whom Beowulf delivered from the monster
Grendel. Hrothgar built Heorot, a magnificent palace, and here he
distributed rings (treasure), and held his feasts; but the monster,
Grendel, envious of his happiness, stole into the hall after a feast,
and put thirty of the thanes to death in their sleep. The same ravages
were repeated night after night, till Beowulf, at the head of a mixed
band of soldiers, went against him and slew him.—_Beowulf_ (an
Anglo-Saxon epic poem, sixth century).
=Hry´mer=, pilot of the ship _Nagelfar_ (made of the “nails of the
dead”).—_Scandinavian Mythology._
=Hubba and Ingwar=, two Danish chiefs, who, in 870, conquered East
Anglia and wintered at Thetford, in Norfolk. King Edmund fought against
them, but was beaten and taken prisoner. The Danish chiefs offered him
his life and kingdom if he would renounce Christianity and pay them
tribute; but as he refused to do so, they tied him to a tree, shot at
him with arrows, and then cut off his head. Edmund was therefore called
“St. Edmund.” Alu´red fought seven battles with Hubba, and slew him at
Abington, in Berkshire.
Alured ...
In seven brave foughten fields their champion Hubba chased,
And slew him in the end at Abington [_sic_].
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, xii. (1613).
=Hubbard= (_Mother_). _Mother Hubbard’s Tale_, by Edmund Spenser, is a
satirical fable in the style of Chaucer, supposed to be told by an old
woman (Mother Hubbard) to relieve the weariness of the poet during a
time of sickness. The tale is this: An ape and a fox went into
partnership to seek their fortunes. They resolved to begin their
adventures as beggars, so Master Ape dressed himself as a broken
soldier, and Reynard pretended to be his dog. After a time they came to
a farmer, who employed the ape as shepherd, but when the rascals had so
reduced the flock that detection was certain, they decamped. Next they
tried the Church, under advice of a priest; Reynard was appointed rector
to a living, and the ape was his parish clerk. From this living they
were obliged also to remove. Next they went to court as foreign
potentates, and drove a splendid business, but came to grief ere long.
Lastly, they saw King Lion asleep, his skin was lying beside him, with
his crown and sceptre. Master Ape stole the regalia, dressed himself as
King Lion, usurped the royal palace, made Reynard his chief minister,
and collected round him a band of monsters, chiefly amphibious, as his
guard and court. In time Jupiter sent Mercury to rouse King Lion from
his lethargy; so he awoke from sleep, broke into his palace, and bit off
the ape’s tail, with a part of its ear.
Since which, all apes but half their ears have left,
And of their tails are utterly bereft.
As for Reynard, he ran away at the first alarm, and tried to curry favor
with King Lion; but the king only exposed him and let him go (1591).
_Hubbard (Old Mother)_ went to her cupboard to get a bone for her dog,
but, not finding one, trotted hither and thither to fetch sundry
articles for his behoof. Every time she returned she found Master Doggie
performing some extraordinary feat, and at last, having finished all her
errands, she made a grand curtsey to Master Doggie. The dog, not to be
outdone in politeness, made his mistress a profound bow; upon which the
dame said, “Your servant!” and the dog replied, “Bow, wow!”—_Nursery
Tales_.
=Hubble= (_Mr._), wheelwright; a tough, high-shouldered, stooping old
man, of a sawdusty fragrance, with his legs extraordinarily wide apart.
_Mrs. Hubble_, a little, curly, sharp-edged person, who held a
conventionally juvenile position, because she had married Mr. Hubble
when she was much younger than he.—C. Dickens, _Great Expectations_
(1860).
=Hubert=, “the keeper” of young Prince Arthur. King John conspired with
him to murder the young prince, and Hubert actually employed two
ruffians to burn out both the boy’s eyes with red-hot irons. Arthur
pleaded so lovingly with Hubert to spare his eyes, that he relented;
however, the lad was found dead soon afterwards, either by accident or
foul play.—Shakespeare, _King John_, (1596).
⁂ This “Hubert” was Hubert de Burgh, justice of England and earl of
Kent.
One would think, had it been possible, that Shakespeare, when he made
King John excuse his intentions of perpetrating the death of Arthur by
his comment on Hubert’s face, by which he saw the assassin in his mind,
had Sanford in idea, for he was rather deformed, and had a most
forbidding countenance.—C. Dibdin, _History of the Stage_.
_Hubert_, an honest lord, in love with Jac´ulin, daughter of Gerrard,
king of the beggars.—Beaumont and Fletcher, _The Beggar’s Bush_ (1622).
_Hubert_, brother of Prince Oswald, severely wounded by Count Hurgonel,
in the combat provoked by Oswald, against Gondibert, his rival for the
love of Rhodalind, the heiress of Aribert, king of Lombardy.—Sir W.
Davenant, _Gondibert_ (died 1568).
_Hubert_, an archer in the service of Sir Philip de Malvoisin.—Sir W.
Scott, _Ivanhoe_ (time, Richard I.).
_Hubert (St)_, patron saint of huntsmen. He was son of Bertrand, duc
d’Acquitaine, and cousin of King Pepin.
=Huddibras= (_Sir_), a man “more huge in strength than wise in works,”
the suitor of Perissa (_extravagance_).—Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, ii. 2
(1590).
=Hudibras=, the hero and title of a rhyming political satire, by S.
Butler. Sir Hudibras is a Presbyterian justice in the Commonwealth, who
sets out with his squire, Ralph (an independent), to reform abuses, and
enforce the observance of the laws for the suppression of popular sports
and amusements (1663, 1664, 1678).
=Hudjadge=, a shah of Persia, suffered much from sleeplessness, and
commanded Fitead, his porter and gardener, to tell him tales to while
away the weary hours. Fitead declared himself wholly unable to comply
with this request. “Then find some one who can,” said Hudjadge, “or
suffer death for disobedience.” On reaching home, greatly dejected, he
told his only daughter, Moradbak, who was motherless, and only 14 years
old, the shah’s command, and she undertook the task. She told the shah
the stories called _The Oriental Tales_, which not only amused him, but
cured him, and he married her.—Comte de Caylus, _Oriental Tales_ (1743).
=Hudson= (_Sir Geoffrey_), the famous dwarf, formerly page to Queen
Henrietta Maria. Sir Geoffrey tells Julian Peveril how the late queen
had him enclosed in a pie and brought to table. Sir W. Scott, _Peveril
of the Peak_ (time, Charles II.).
⁂ Vandyke has immortalized Sir Geoffrey by his brush; and some of his
clothes are said to be preserved in Sir Hans Sloane’s museum.
_Hudson_ (_Tam_), gamekeeper.—Sir W. Scott, _Guy Mannering_ (time,
George II.).
=Hugh=, blacksmith at Ringleburn; a friend of Hobbie Elliott, the
Heughfoot farmer.—Sir W. Scott, _The Black Dwarf_ (time, Anne).
_Hugh_, servant at the Maypole Inn. This giant in stature and ringleader
in the “No Popery riots,” was a natural son of Sir John Chester and a
gypsy. He loved Dolly Varden, and was very kind to Barnaby Rudge, the
half-witted lad. Hugh was executed for his participation in the “Gordon
riots.”—C. Dickens, _Barnaby Rudge_ (1841).
_Hugh_ (_Langmuir_), young man from the country, who comes to New York
to seek his fortune and gets a clerkship. He becomes attached to an
ambitious, but well-meaning girl, and to hasten their marriage, he
embezzles one thousand dollars. He confesses it to her and attempts
suicide. She pays the money out of her own savings and marries him. They
begin the world together humbly and wisely.—Charlotte Dunning, _A Step
Aside_ (1886).
=Hugh, Count of Vermandois=, a crusader.—Sir W. Scott, _Count Robert of
Paris_ (time, Rufus).
=Hugh de Brass= (_Mr._), in _A Regular Fix_, by J.M. Morton.
=Hugh of Lincoln=, a boy eight years old, said to have been stolen,
tortured and crucified by Jews in 1255. Eighteen of the wealthiest Jews
of Lincoln were hanged for taking part in this affair, and the boy was
buried in state.
⁂ There are several documents in Rymer’s _Fœdera_ relative to this
event. The story is told in the _Chronicles_ of Matthew Paris. It is the
subject of the _Prioress’s Tale_ in Chaucer, and Wordsworth has a
modernized version of Chaucer’s tale.
A similar story is told of William of Norwich, said to have been
crucified by the Jews in 1137.
Percy, in his _Reliques_, i. 3, has a ballad about a boy named Hew,
whose mother was “Lady Hew of Merryland” (_? Milan_). He was enticed by
an apple, given him by a Jewish damsel, who “stabbed him with a
penknife, rolled him in lead, and cast him into a well.”
Werner is another boy said to have been crucified by the Jews. The place
of this alleged murder was Bacharach.
=Hugo=, count of Vermandois, brother of Phillippe I. of France, and
leader of the Franks in the first crusade. Hugo died before Godfrey was
appointed general-in-chief of the allied armies (bk. i.), but his spirit
appeared to Godfrey when the army went against the Holy City (bk.
xviii.).—Tasso, _Jerusalem Delivered_ (1575).
_Hugo_, brother of Arnold; very small of stature, but brave as a lion.
He was slain in the faction fight stirred up by Prince Oswald against
Duke Gondibert, his rival in the love of Rhodalind, daughter and only
child of Aribert, king of Lombardy.
Of stature small, but was all over heart,
And tho’ unhappy, all that heart was love.
Sir W. Davenant, _Gondibert_, i. 1 (died 1668).
_Hugo_, natural son of Azo, chief of the house of Este (2 _syl._) and
Bianca, who died of a broken heart, because, although a mother, she was
never wed. Hugo was betrothed to Parisina, but his father, not knowing
it, made Parisina his own bride. One night Azo heard Parisina in her
sleep confess her love for Hugo, and the angry marquis ordered his son
to be beheaded. What became of Parisina “none knew, and none can ever
know.”—Byron, _Parisina_ (1816).
=Hugo Hugonet=, minstrel of the earl of Douglas.—Sir W. Scott, _Castle
Dangerous_ (time, Henry I.).
=Hugo von Kronfels=. At the age of twenty-two or three, a handsome man
with the world before him, has a fall that cripples him hopelessly. He
becomes a bitter-thoughted recluse, more feared than beloved by the few
who see him, until the sunshine of a young girl’s society and the
wholesome talk of a man of the people change the tenor of thought and
feeling, teaching him that to live is nobler than to cast away the
existence GOD has given.—Blanche Willis Howard, _The Open Door_ (1889).
=Hugon= (_King_), the great nursery ogre of France.
=Huguenot Pope= (_The_). Philippe de Mornay, the great supporter of the
French Huguenots, is called _Le Pape des Huguenots_ (1549-1623).
⁂ Of course, Philippe de Mornay was not one of the “popes of Rome.”
=Huguenots= (_Les_), an opera by Meyerbeer (1836). The subject of this
opera is the massacre of the French Huguenots or Protestants, planned by
Catharine de Medicis on St. Bartholomew’s Day (August 24, 1572), during
the wedding festivities of her daughter Margherita (_Marguerite_) and
Henri le Bearnais (afterwards Henri IV. of France).
=Hul´sean Lectures=, certain sermons preached at Great St. Mary’s
Church, Cambridge, and paid for by a fund, the gift of the Rev. John
Hulse, of Cheshire, in 1777.
⁂ Till the year 1860, the Hulsean Lecturer was called “The Christian
Advocate.”
=Hull=, (_Dr._). Person of imposing deportment and plausible speech,
business-manager of Mrs. Legrand, a spiritualistic medium and
imposter.—Edward Bellamy, _Miss Luddington’s Sister_ (1884).
=Humber= or =Humbert=, mythical king of the Huns, who invaded England
during the reign of Locrin, some 1000 years B.C. In his flight, he was
drowned in the river Abus, which has ever since been called the
Humber.—Geoffrey, _British History_, ii. 2; Milton, _History of
England_.
=Humgud´geon= (_Grace-be-here_), a corporal in Cromwell’s troop.—Sir W.
Scott, _Woodstock_ (time, Commonwealth).
=Humm= (_Anthony_), chairman of the “Brick Lane Branch of the United
Grand Junction Ebenezer Temperance Association.”—C. Dickens, _The
Pickwick Papers_ (1836).
=Humma=, a fabulous bird, of which it was said that “the head over which
the shadow of its wings passes will assuredly wear a crown.”—Wilkes,
_South of India_, v. 423.
Belike he thinks
The humma’s happy wings have shadowed him,
And, therefore, Fate with royalty must crown
His chosen head.
Southey, _Roderick, etc._, xxiii. (1814).
=Humming-bird=. John James Audubon’s story of the Loves of the
Hummingbirds reads like romantic fiction rather than fact. The male,
when wooing his bride, feeds her with honey, and fans her with his wings
while she sips it. After marriage and during incubation, his tender
assiduities are redoubled instead of abated. By John James Audubon,
_Ornithological Biography_ (1831).
=Humorous Lieutenant= (_The_), the chief character and title of a comedy
by Beaumont and Fletcher (1647). The lieutenant has no name.
=Humpback= (_The_). Andrea Sola´ri, the Italian painter, was called _Del
Gobbo_ (1470-1527).
Geron´imo Amelunghi was also called _Il Gobbo di Pisa_ (sixteenth
century).
=Humphrey= (_Master_), the hypothetical compiler of the tale entitled
“Barnaby Rudge” in _Master Humphrey’s Clock_, by Charles Dickens (1840).
_Humphrey_ (_Old_), pseudonym of George Mogridge.
⁂ George Mogridge has also issued several books under the popular name
of “Peter Parley,” which was first assumed by S.G. Goodrich, in 1828.
Several publishers of high standing have condescended to palm books on
the public under this _nom de plume_, some written by William Martin,
and others by persons wholly unknown.
_Humphrey_ (_The good duke_), Humphrey Plantagenet, duke of Gloucester,
youngest son of Henry IV., murdered in 1446.
_Humphrey_ (_To dine with duke_), to go without dinner. To stay behind
in St. Paul’s aisles, under pretence of finding out the monument of Duke
Humphrey, while others more fortunate go home to dinner.
⁂ It was really the monument of John Beauchamp that the “dinnerless”
hung about, and not that of Duke Humphrey. John Beauchamp died in 1359,
and Duke Humphrey in 1446.
=Huncamunca= (_Princess_), daughter of King Arthur and Queen
Dollallolla, beloved by Lord Grizzle and Tom Thumb. The king promises
her in marriage to the “pigmy giant-queller.” Huncamunca kills
Frizaletta “for killing her mamma.” But Frizaletta killed the queen for
killing her sweetheart Noodle, and the queen killed Noodle because he
was the messenger of ill news.—_Tom Thumb_, by Fielding, the novelist
(1730), altered by O’Hara, author of _Midas_ (1778).
=Hunchback= (_The_). Master Walter, “the hunchback,” was the guardian of
Julia, and brought her up in the country, training her most strictly in
knowledge and goodness. When grown to womanhood, she was introduced to
Sir Thomas Clifford, and they plighted their troth to each other. Then
came a change. Clifford lost his title and estates, while Julia went to
London, became a votary of fashion and pleasure, abandoned Clifford, and
promised marriage to Wilford, earl of Rochdale. The day of espousals
came. The love of Julia for Clifford revived, and she implored her
guardian to break off the obnoxious marriage. Master Walter now showed
himself to be the earl of Rochdale, and the father of Julia; the
marriage with Wilford fell through, and Julia became the wife of Sir
Thomas Clifford.——S. Knowles, (1831).
⁂ Similarly, Maria, “the maid of the Oaks,” was brought up by Oldworth
as his ward, but was in reality his motherless child.—J. Burgoyne, _The
Maid of the Oaks_.
_Hunchback_ (_The Little_), the buffoon of the sultan of Casgar. Supping
with a tailor, the little fellow was killed by a bone sticking in his
throat. The tailor, out of fear, carried the body to the house of a
physician, and the physician, stumbling against it, knocked it
downstairs. Thinking he had killed the man, he let the body down a
chimney into the store-room of his neighbor, who was a purveyor. The
purveyor, supposing it to be a thief, belabored it soundly; and then,
thinking he had killed the little humpback, carried the body into the
street, and set it against a wall. A Christian merchant, reeling home,
stumbled against the body, and gave it a blow with his fist. Just then
the patrol came up, and arrested the merchant for murder. He was
condemned to death; but the purveyor came forward and accused himself of
being the real offender. The merchant was accordingly released, and the
purveyor condemned to death; but then the physician appeared, and said
he had killed the man by accident, having knocked him downstairs. When
the purveyor was released, and the physician led away to execution, the
tailor stepped up, and told his tale. All were then taken before the
sultan, and acquitted; and the sultan ordered the case to be enrolled in
the archives of his kingdom amongst the _causes célèbres_.—_Arabian
Nights_ (“The Little Hunchback”).
=Hundebert=, steward to Cedric of Rotherwood.—Sir. W. Scott, _Ivanhoe_.
=Hundred Fights= (_Hero of a_), Conn, son of Cormac, king of Ireland.
Called in Irish “Conn Keadcahagh.”
Arthur Wellesley, Lord Wellington.
For this is England’s greatest son,
He who gained a hundred fights
And never lost an English gun.—_Tennyson_.
Admiral Horatio, Lord Nelson.
=Hundred-Handed= (_The_). Briar´eos (4 _syl._) or Ægæon, with his
brothers Gygês and Kottos, were all hundred-handed giants.
Homer makes Briareos 4 _syl._; but Shakespeare writes it in the Latin
form, “Briareus,” and makes it 3 _syl._
Then, called by thee, the monster Titan came,
Whom gods Briareös, men Ægēon name.
Pope, _Iliad_, 1 (1715).
He is a gouty Briareus. Many hands,
And of no use.
Shakespeare, _Troilus and Cressida_, act, i. sc. 2 (1602).
=Hundwolf=, steward to the old lady of Baldringham.—Sir W. Scott, _The
Betrothed_ (time, Henry II.).
=Hunia´des= (4 _syl._), called by the Turks “The Devil.” He was surnamed
“Corvīnus,” and the family crest was a crow (1400-1456).
The Turks employed the name of Huniadês to frighten their perverse
children. He was corruptly called “Jancus Lain.”—Gibbon, _Decline and
Fall, etc._, xii. 166 (1776-88).
=Hunsdon= (_Lord_), cousin of Queen Elizabeth.—Sir W. Scott,
_Kenilworth_ (time, Elizabeth).
=Hunter= (_Mr._ and _Mrs. Leo_), persons who court the society of any
celebrity, and consequently invite Mr. Pickwick and his three friends to
an entertainment in their house. Mrs. Leo Hunter wrote an “Ode to an
Expiring Frog,” considered by her friends a most masterly
performance.—C. Dickens, _The Pickwick Papers_ (1836).
Can I view thee panting, lying
On thy stomach, without sighing;
Can I unmoved see thee dying
On a log, expiring frog!
Say, have fiends in shape of boys,
With wild halloo, and brutal noise,
Hunted thee from marshy joys,
With a dog, expiring frog!
_Ch. xv._
_Hunter_ (_The Mighty_), Nimrod; so called in _Gen._ x. 9.
Proud Nimrod first the bloody chase [_war_] began,
A mighty hunter, and his prey was man.
Pope, _Windsor Forest_ (1713).
=Huntingdon= (_Robert, earl of_), generally called “Robin Hood.” In 1601
Anthony Munday and Henry Chettle produced a drama entitled _The Downfall
of Robert, Earl of Huntingdon_ (attributed often to T. Heywood). Ben
Jonson began a beautiful pastoral drama on the subject of Robin Hood
(_The Sad Shepherd or A Tale of Robin Hood_), but left only two acts of
it when he died (1637). We have also _Robin Hood and His Crew of
Souldiers_, a comedy acted at Nottingham, and printed 1661; _Robin
Hood_, an opera (1730). J. Ritson edited, in 1795, _Robin Hood: a
Collection of Poems, Songs and Ballads relative to that Celebrated
English Outlaw_.
_Huntingdon_ (_the earl of_), in the court of Queen Elizabeth.—Sir W.
Scott, _Kenilworth_ (time, Elizabeth).
_Huntingdon_ (_David, earl of_), prince royal of Scotland. He appears
first as Sir Kenneth, knight of the Leopard, and afterwards as Zohauk,
the Nubian slave.—Sir W. Scott, _The Talisman_ (time, Richard I.).
=Huntinglen= (_The earl of_), an old Scotch nobleman.—Sir W. Scott,
_Fortunes of Nigel_ (time, James I.).
=Huntley= (_Earl_), George of Gordon was killed in battle with the
troops of the Regent Murray. His body was taken to Holyrood and tried
for high treason.
“No word he spake, though thrice adjured;
Then came the sentence drear:
Foul traitor to thy queen and realm,
Our laws denounce thee here.”
* * * * * * * * *
“Light thing to him that earthly doom,
Or man’s avenging rod,
Who in the land of souls doth bide
The audit of his God.”
Lydia Huntley Sigourney, _The Western Home and Other Poems_ (1854).
=Huntly= (_The Marquis of_), a royalist.—Sir W. Scott, _Legend of
Montrose_ (time, Charles I.).
=Huon=, a serf, secretary and tutor of the Countess Catherine, with whom
he falls in love. He reads with music in his voice, talks enchantingly,
writes admirably, translates “dark languages,” is “wise in rare
philosophy,” is master of the hautboy, lute, and viol, “proper in trunk
and limb and feature;” but the proud countess, though she loves him,
revolts from the idea of marrying a serf. At length it comes to the ears
of the duke that his daughter loves Huon, and the duke commands him, on
pain of death, to marry Catherine, a freed serf. He refuses until the
countess interferes; he then marries and rushes to the wars. Here he
greatly distinguishes himself, and is created a prince, when he learns
that the Catherine he has wed is not Catherine, the freed serf, but
Catherine the countess.—S. Knowles, _Love_ (1840.)
=Huon de Bordeaux= (_Sir_), who married Esclairmond, and, when Oberon
went to paradise, succeeded him as “king of all Faëry.”
In the second part, Huon visits the terrestrial paradise, and encounters
Cain, the first murderer, in performance of his penance.—_Huon de
Bordeaux_.
⁂ An abstract of this romance is in Dunlop’s _History of Fiction_. See
also Keightley’s _Fairy Mythology_. It is also the subject of Wieland’s
_Oberon_, which has been translated by Sotheby.
=Hur al Oyûn=, the black-eyed daughters of paradise, created of pure
musk. They are free from all bodily weakness, and are ever young. Every
believer will have seventy-two of these girls as his household
companions in paradise, and those who desire children will see them grow
to maturity in an hour.—_Al Korân_, Sale’s notes.
=Hurgonel= (_Count_), the betrothed of Orna, sister of Duke
Gondibert.—Sir Wm. Davenant, _Gondibert_, iii. (died 1668).
=Hurry=, servant of Oldworth, of Oldworth Oaks. He is always out of
breath, wholly unable to keep quiet or stand still, and proves the truth
of the proverb, “The more haste the worse speed.” He fancies everything
must go wrong if he is not bustling about, and he is a constant
fidget.—J. Burgoyne, _The Maid of the Oaks_.
_Hurry_ (_Harry_), _alias_ Hurry Skurry. Gigantic backwoodsman and
hunter, friend of _Deerslayer_, and enamoured of Judith Hutter.—James
Fenimore Cooper, _The Deerslayer_.
=Hurtali=, a giant who reigned in the time of the Flood.
The Massorets affirm that Hurtali, being too big to get into the ark,
sat astride upon it, as children stride a wooden horse—Rabelais,
_Pantagruel_, ii. 1.
(According to Menage, the rabbins say that it was Og, not Hurtali, who
thus outrode the Flood.—See Le Pelletier, chap. XXV. of his _Noah’s
Ark_.)
=Hush´ai= (2 _syl._), in Dryden’s satire of _Absalom and Achitophel_, is
Hyde, earle of Rochester. As Hushai was David’s friend and wise
counsellor, so was Hyde the friend and wise counsellor of Charles II. As
the counsel of Hushai rendered abortive that of Achitophel, and caused
the plot of Absalom to miscarry, so the counsel of Hyde rendered
abortive that of Lord Shaftesbury, and caused the plot of Monmouth to
miscarry.
Hushai, the friend of David in distress;
In public storms of manly steadfastness;
By foreign treaties he informed his youth,
And joined experience to his native truth.
Dryden, _Absalom and Achitophel_, I. (1681).
=Hut´cheon=, the auld domestic in Wandering Willie’s tale.—Sir W. Scott,
_Redgauntlet_ (time, George III.).
_Hutcheon_, one of Julian Avenel’s retainers.—Sir W. Scott, _The
Monastery_ (time, Elizabeth).
=Hutter= (_Tom_). A trapper, with two handsome daughters, who has built
a house upon a long shoal extending far into the _Glimmerglass_ (Lake
George). Wary, stolid, old fellow, with a reputation for cunning and
skill among the Indians.
_Hutter_ (_Hetty_). “Feeble-minded, but right-thinking and right-feeling
girl,” daughter of “Old Tom.” She is hurt by a chance ball in a fight
between whites and Indians, and dies, seeing her “mother and bright
beings” around her.—James Fenimore Cooper, _The Deer-slayer_.
=Hutin= (_Le_), Louis X. of France; so called from his expedition
against the Hutins, a seditious people of Navarre and Lyons (1289,
1314-1316).
=Hy´acinth=, son of Amyclas, the Spartan king. He was playing quoits
with Apollo, when the wind drove the quoit of the sun-god against the
boy’s head, and killed him on the spot. From the blood grew the flower
called hyacinth, which bears on its petals the words, “AI! AI!” (“alas!
alas!”).—_Grecian Fable_.
=Hyacinthe= (3 _syl._), the daughter of Seigneur Géronte (2 _syl._). who
passed into Tarentum under the assumed name of Pandolphe (2 _syl._).
When he quitted Tarentum, he left behind him his wife and daughter
Hyacinthe. Octave (2 _syl._), son of Argante (2 _syl._) fell in love
with Hyacinthe (supposing her surname to be Pandolphe), and Octave’s
father wanted him to marry the daughter of his friend, Seigneur Géronte.
The young man would not listen to his father, and declared that
Hyacinthe, and Hyacinthe alone, should be his wife. It was then
explained to him that Hyacinthe Pandolphe was the same person as
Hyacinthe Géronte, and that the choice of father and son were in exact
accord.—Molière, _Les Fourberies de Scapin_ (1671).
(In _The Cheats of Scapin_, Otway’s version of this play, Hyacinthe is
called “Clara,” her father, Géronte, “Gripe,” and Octave is Anglicized
into “Octavian.”).
_Hyacinthe_ (_Father_), Charles Loyson, a celebrated pulpit orator and
French theologian (1827-).
=Hyder= (_El_), chief of the Ghaut Mountains; hero and title of a
melodrama by Barrymore.
=Hyder Ali Khan Behauder=, the nawaub of Mysore (2 _syl._), disguised as
the Sheik Hali.—Sir W. Scott, _The Surgeon’s Daughter_ (time, George
II.).
=Hydra= or _Dragon of the Hesperian Grove_. The golden apples of the
Hesperian field were guarded by women called the Hesperĭdês, assisted by
the hydra or dragon named Ladon.
Her flowery store
To thee nor Tempê shall refuse, nor watch
Of wingéd hydra guard Hesperian fruits
From thy free spoil.
Akenside, _Pleasures of Imagination_, i. (1744).
=Hydropsy=, personified by Thomson:
On limbs enormous, but withal unsound,
Soft, swoln and wan, here lay pale Hydropsy—
Unwieldy man; with belly monstrous round,
For ever fed with watery supply,
For still he drank, and yet was ever dry.
_Castle of Indolence_, i. 73 (1748).
=Hymbercourt= (_Baron d’_), one of the duke of Burgundy’s officers.—Sir
W. Scott, _Quentin Durward_ (time, Edward IV.).
=Hymen=, god of marriage; the personification of the bridal song;
marriage.
Till Hymen brought his love-delighted hour,
There dwelt no joy in Eden’s rosy bower...
The world was sad, the garden was a wild,
And man, the hermit, sighed—till woman smiled.
Campbell, _Pleasures of Hope_, ii. (1799).
=Hyndman= (_Master_), usher to the council-chamber at Holyrood.—Sir W.
Scott, _The Abbott_ (time, Elizabeth).
=Hypatia=. Beautiful and learned pagan, whose school of philosophy was
celebrated in Alexandria in 415 A. D. She was torn to pieces in a church
by a Christian mob, in the flower of her youth and beauty.—Charles
Kingsley, _Hypatia_ (1853).
=Hyperi´on=, the sun. His parents were Cælum and Tellus (_heaven_ and
_earth_). Strictly speaking, he was the father of the sun, but Homer
uses the word for the sun itself.
When the might
Of Hyperi´on from his noon-tide throne
Unbends their languid pinions [i.e. _of the winds_].
Akenside, _Hymn to the Naiads_ (1767).
Blow, gentle Africus,
Play on our poops, when Hyperion’s son
Shall couch in west.
_Fuimus Troes_.
Placat equo Persis radiis Hyperīone sinctum.
Ovid, _Fasti_, i, 385.
Shakespeare throws the accent on the antepenult: “Hype´rion to a satyr”
(_Hamlet_, act i. sc. 2). In this he is followed by almost all English
poets, but as shown above, Akenside returns to the classical accent.
⁂ Keats has left the fragment of a poem entitled _Hyperion_, of which
Byron says: “It seems inspired by the Titans, and is as sublime as
Æschylus.”
=Hypnos=, god of sleep, brother of Oneiros (_dreams_) and Thanătos
(_death_).
In every creature that breathes, from the conqueror, resting on a field
of blood, to the nest-bird cradled in its bed of leaves, Hypnos holds a
sovereignty which nothing mortal can long resist.—Ouida, _Folle-Farine_,
iii. 11.
=Hypochondria=, personified by Thomson:
And moping here, did Hypochondria sit,
Mother of spleen, in robes of various dye...
And some her frantic deemed, and some her deemed a wit.
_Castle of Indolence_, i. 75 (1748).
=Hyp´ocrite= (_The_), Dr. Cantwell, in the English comedy by Isaac
Bickerstaff, and Tartuffe in the French comedy by Molière. He pretends
to great sanctity, but makes his “religion” a mere trade for getting
money, advancing his worldly prospects, and for the better indulgence of
his sensual pleasures. Dr. Cantwell is made the guest of Sir John
Lambert (in French, “Orgon”), who looks on him as a saint, and promises
him his daughter in marriage; but his mercenary views and his
love-making to Lady Lambert being at length exposed, Sir John forbids
him to remain in the house, and a tipstaff arrests him for a felonious
fraud (1768).
=Hyp´ocrites= (_The_). Abdallah ibn Obba and his partisans were so
called by Mahomet.
_Hypocrites_ (_The prince of_), Tiberius Cæsar (B. C. 42, 14 to A. D.
37).
=Hyppolito=. (See HIPPOLYTUS.)
=Iachimo= [_Eák´.ĭ.mo_], an Italian libertine. When Posthu´mus, the
husband of Imogen, was banished for marrying the king’s daughter, he
went to Rome, and in the house of Philario the conversation fell on the
fidelity of wives. Posthumus bet a diamond ring that nothing could
change the fidelity of Imogen, and Iachimo accepted the wager. The
libertine contrived to get into a chest in Imogen’s chamber, made
himself master of certain details, and took away with him a bracelet
belonging to Imogen. With these vouchers, Iachimo easily persuaded
Posthumus that he had won the bet, and Posthumus handed over to him the
ring. A battle subsequently ensued, in which Iachimo and other Romans,
with Imogen disguised as a page, were made prisoners, and brought before
King Cymbeline. Imogen was set free, and told to ask a boon. She asked
that Iachimo might be compelled to say how he came by the ring which he
had on his finger, and the whole villainy was brought to light.
Posthumus was pardoned, and all ended happily—Shakespeare, _Cymbeline_
(1605).
⁂ The tale of _Cymbeline_ is from the _Decameron_ of Boccaccio (day ii.
9), in which Iachimo is called “Ambrose,” Imogen is “Zineura,” her
husband, Bernard “Lomellin,” and Cymbeline is the “sultan.” The assumed
name of Imogen is “Fidelê,” but in Boccaccio it is “Sicurano da Finale.”
=Ia´go= (3 _syl._), ancient of Othello, commander of the Venetian army,
and husband of Emilia. Iago hated Othello, both because Cassio (a
Florentine) was promoted to the lieutenancy over his head, and also from
a suspicion that the Moor had tampered with his wife; but he concealed
his hatred so artfully that Othello felt confident of his “love and
honesty.” Iago strung together such a mass of circumstantial evidence in
proof of Desdemona’s love for Cassio, that the Moor killed her out of
jealousy. One main argument was that Desdemona had given Cassio the very
handkerchief which Othello had given her as a love-gift; but in reality
Iago had induced his wife Emilia to purloin the handkerchief. When this
villainy was brought to light, Othello stabbed Iago; but his actual
death is no incident of the tragedy.—Shakespeare, _Othello_ (1611).
The cool malignity of Iago, silent in his resentment, subtle in his
designs, and studious at once of his interest and his vengeance,...are
such proofs of Shakespeare’s skill in human nature as it would be vain
to seek in any modern writer.—Dr. Johnson.
⁂ Bryon, speaking of John P. Kemble, says: “Was not his ’Iago’
perfection—particularly the last look? I was close to him, and I never
saw an English countenance half so expressive.”
=Iambic Verse= (_The Father of_), Achil´ochos of Paros (B. C. 714-676).
=Ianthe= (3 _syl._), in _The Siege of Rhodes_, by Sir William Davenant.
Mrs. Betterton was called “Ianthe” by Pepys, in his _Diary_, as having
performed that character to his great approval. The old gossip greatly
admired her, and praised her “sweet voice and incomparable acting.”—W.C.
Russell, _Representative Actors_.
_Ianthe_ (3 _syl._), to whom Lord Byron dedicated his _Childe Harold_,
was Lady Charlotte Harley, who was only eleven years old at the time
(1809).
=Ibe´ria’s Pilot=. Christopher Columbus. Spain is called “Iberia” and
the Spaniards the “Ibe´ri.” The river _Ebro_ is a corrupt form of the
Latin word Ibe´rus.
Launched with Iberia’s pilot from the steep,
To worlds unknown, and isles beyond the deep.
Campbell, _The Pleasures of Hope_, ii. (1799).
=Iblis= (“_despair_”), called Aza´zil before he was cast out of heaven.
He refused to pay homage to Adam, and was rejected by God.—_Al Korân_.
“We created you, and afterwards formed you, and all worshipped except
Eblis.” ... And God said unto him, “What hindered you from worshipping
Adam, since I commanded it?” He answered, “I am more excellent than he.
Thou hast created me of fire, but him of clay.” God said, “Get thee
down, therefore, from paradise ... thou shalt be one of the
contemptible.”—_Al Korân_, vii.
=Ib´rahim= or =L’Illustre Bassa=, an heroic romance of Mdlle. de Scudéri
(1641).
=Ice´ni= (_3 syl._), the people of Suffolk, Norfolk, Cambridgeshire, and
Huntingdonshire. Their metropolis was Venta (_Caistar near
Norwich_).—Richard of Cirencester, _Chronicle_, vi. 30.
The Angles, ... allured with ... the fitness of the place
Where the Iceni lived, did set their kingdom down ...
And the East Angles’ kingdom those English did instile.
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, xvi. (1613).
=Ida Slater=, daughter of a charlatan calling himself Dr. Hull. She
lends herself to his scheme of imposing her upon a rich, superstitious
spinster as the materialization of her dead sister until the adopted
mother’s kindness and the girl’s love for the dupe’s nephew impel her to
confession.—Edward Bellamy, _Miss Luddington’s Sister_ (1884).
=Idalia=, Venus; so called from _Idălĭum_, a town in Cyprus, where she
was worshipped.
=Iden= (_Alexander_), a poor squire of Kent, who slew Jack Cade, the
rebel, and brought the head to King Henry VI., for which service the
king said to him:
Iden, kneel down. Rise up a knight.
We give thee for reward a thousand marks;
And will that thou henceforth attend on us.
Shakespeare, _2 Henry VI._ act v. sc. 1 (1591).
=Idenstein= (_Baron_), nephew of General Kleiner, governor of Prague. He
marries Adolpha, who turns out to be the sister of Meeta, called “The
Maid of Mariendorpt.”—S. Knowles, _The Maid of Mariendorpt_ (1838).
=Idiot= (_The Inspired_), Oliver Goldsmith. So called by Horace Walpole
(1728-1774).
=Idleness= (_The Lake of_). Whoever drank thereof grew instantly “faint
and weary.” The Red Cross Knight drank of it, and was readily made
captive by Orgoglio.—Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, i. (1590).
=Idom´eneus= [_I.dom´.e.nuce_], king of Crete. He made a vow when he
left Troy, if the gods would vouchsafe him a safe voyage, to sacrifice
to them the first living being that he encountered in his own kingdom.
The first living object he met was his own son, and when the father
fulfilled his vow, he was banished from his country as a murderer.
⁂ The reader will call to mind Jephthah’s rash vow.—_Judges_ xi.
Agamemnon vowed to Diana to offer up in sacrifice to her the most
beautiful thing that came into his possession within the next twelve
months. This was an infant daughter named Iphigeni´a; but Agamemnon
deferred the offering till she was full grown. The fleet, on its way to
Troy, being wind-bound at Aulis, the prophet Calchas told Agamemnon that
it was because the vow had not been fulfilled; accordingly Iphigenia was
laid on the altar for sacrifice, but Diana interposed, carried the
victim to Tauris, and substituted a hind in her place. Iphigenia in
Tauris became a priestess of Diana.
⁂ Abraham, being about to sacrifice his son to Jehovah, was stayed by a
voice from heaven, and a ram was substituted for the lad Isaac.—_Gen._
xxii.
=Idwal=, king of North Wales, and son of Roderick the Great. (See
LUDWAL).
=Idyl= (_An Old Man’s)._ The old man dreams over a checquered life,
since the golden days of the beautiful early summer weather, to the time
when—
“We sit by our household fires together,
Dreaming the dreams of long ago;
Then it was balmy summer weather,
And now the valleys are laid in snow;
Icicles hang from the slippery eaves;
The wind blows cold—’tis growing late;
Well, well! we have garnered all our sheaves,
I and my darling, and we can wait.”
Richard Realf (1866).
=Iger´na, Igerne= (_3 syl._), or =Igrayne= (_3 syl._), wife of Gorloïs,
duke of Tintag´il, in Cornwall. Igerna married Uther, the pendragon of
the Britons, and thus became the mother of Prince Arthur. The second
marriage took place a few hours after the duke’s death, but was not made
public till thirteen days afterwards.—Sir T. Malory, _History of Prince
Arthur_ (1470).
=Igna´ro=, foster-father of Orgoglio. The old dotard walked one way and
looked another. To every question put to him, his invariable answer was,
“I cannot tell.”—Spenser, _Faëry Queen_ i. (1590).
⁂ Lord Flint, chief minister of state to one of the sultans of India,
used to reply to every disagreeable question, “My people know, no doubt;
but I cannot recollect.”—Mrs. Inchbald, _Such Things Are_ (1786).
The Italian witnesses summoned on the trial of Queen Charlotte, answered
to almost every question, “non mi ricordo.”
⁂ The “Know-Nothings” of the United States, replied to every question
about their secret society, “I know nothing about it.”
=Igna´tius= (_Brother_), Joseph Leycester Lyne, monk of the order of St.
Benedict.
_Ignatius (Father)_, the Hon. and Rev. George Spencer, superior of the
order of Passionists (1799-1864).
=Ig´noge= (_3 syl._), daughter of Pan´drasus of Greece, given as wife to
Brute, mythical king of Britain. Spenser calls her “Inogene” (_3 syl._),
and Drayton “Innogen.”—Geoffrey, _British History_, i. 11 (1142).
=I.H.S.= In German, =I= [esus], =H= [eiland], =S= [eligmacher], i.e.
_Jesus_, _Saviour_, _Sanctifier_. In Greek, =Ι= [ησους], =Ἡ= [μετερος]
=Σ= [οτηρ], i.e. _Jesus, our Saviour_. In Latin, =I= [esus], =H=
[ominum], =S= [alvator], i.e. _Jesus, Men’s Saviour_. Those who would
like an English equivalent may adopt =J= [esus], =H= [eavenly] =S=
[aviour].
The Latin equivalent is attributed to St. Bernardine of Sienna (1347).
=Ilderton= (_Miss Lucy and Miss Nancy_), cousins to Miss Vere.—Sir W.
Scott, _The Black Dwarf_ (time, Anne).
=Il´iad= (_3 syl._), the tale of the siege of Troy, an epic poem in
twenty-four books, by Homer. Menelāos, king of Sparta, received as a
guest, Paris, a son of Priam, king of Troy. Paris eloped with Helen, his
host’s wife, and Menelaos induced the Greeks to lay siege to Troy, to
avenge the perfidy. The siege lasted ten years, when Troy was taken and
burned to the ground. Homer’s poem is confined to the last year of the
siege.
Book I. opens with a pestilence in the Grecian camp, sent by the sun-god
to avenge his priest, Chrysês. The case is this: Chrysês wished to
ransom his daughter, whom Agamemnon, the Greek commander-in-chief, kept
as a concubine, but Agamemnon refused to give her up; so the priest
prayed to Apollo for vengeance, and the god sent a pestilence. A council
being called, Achillês upbraids Agamemnon as the cause of the divine
wrath, and Agamemnon replies he will give up the priest’s daughter, but
shall take instead Achillês’ concubine. On hearing this, Achillês
declares he will no longer fight for such an extortionate king, and
accordingly retires to his tent and sulks there.
II. Jupiter, being induced to take the part of Achillês, now sends to
Agamemnon a lying dream, which induces him to believe that he shall take
the city at once; but in order to see how the soldiers are affected by
the retirement of Achillês, the king calls them to a council of war,
asks them if it would not be better to give up the siege and return
home. He thinks the soldiers will shout “no” with one voice; but they
rush to their ships, and would set sail at once if they were not
restrained by those privy to the plot.
III. The soldiers, being brought back, are then arrayed for battle.
Paris proposes to decide the contest by single combat, and Menelaos
accepts the challenge. Paris, being overthrown, is carried off by Venus,
and Agamemnon demands that the Trojans shall give up Troy in fulfillment
of the compact.
IV. While Agamemnon is speaking, Pandărus draws his bow at Menelaos and
wounds him, and the battle becomes general.