[1] A. Supan, _Grundzuge der physischen Erdkunde_ (Leipzig, 1896),
88-89. Also _Atlas of Meteorology_, Pl. 1.
[2] W.M. Davis, _Elementary Meteorology_ (Boston, 1894), pp. 334-335.
[3] A. Supan, _Grundzuge der physischen Erdkunde_ (3rd ed., Leipzig,
1903), pp. 211-214. Also _Atlas of Meteorology_, Pl. 1.
[4] Approximately Lisbon has 28.60 in.; Madrid, 16.50; Algiers,
28.15; Nice, 33.00; Rome, 29.90; Ragusa, 63.90.
[5] i.e. lines drawn on a map to connect all places having an equal
rainfall.
[6] _Nature_, lxxi. (Jan. 5, 1905), p. 221.
CLIMAX, JOHN (c. 525-600 A.D.), ascetic and mystic, also called
Scholasticus and Sinaites. After having spent forty years in a cave at
the foot of mount Sinai, he became abbot of the monastery. His life has
been written by Daniel, a monk belonging to the monastery of Raithu, on
the Red Sea. He derives his name Climax (or Climacus) from his work of
the same name ([Greek: Klimax tou Paradeisou], ladder to Paradise), in
thirty sections, corresponding to the thirty years of the life of
Christ. It is written in a simple and popular style. The first part
treats of the vices that hinder the attainment of holiness, the second
of the virtues of a Christian.
EDITIONS.--J. P. Migne, _Patrologia graeca_, lxxxviii. (including the
biography by Daniel); S. Eremites (Constantinople, 1883); see also C.
Krumbacher, _Geschichte der byzantinischen Litteratur_ (1897);
Gass-Kruger in Herzog-Hauck, _Realencyklopadie fur protestantische
Theologie_, Bd. 9 (1901). The _Ladder_ has been translated into
several foreign languages--into English by Father Robert, Mount St
Bernard's Abbey, Leicestershire (1856).
CLIMBING[1] FERN, the botanical genus _Lygodium_, with about twenty
species, chiefly in the warmer parts of the Old World, of interest from
its climbing habit. The plants have a creeping stem, on the upper face
of which is borne a row of leaves. Each leaf has a slender stem-like
axis, which twines round a support and bears leaflets at intervals; it
goes on growing indefinitely. It is a favourite warm greenhouse plant.