Rufous-fronted Fantail

_Rhipidura kubaryi_ Finsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875 (1876),

p. 644. (Type locality, Ponapé.)

_Rhipidura kubaryi_ Finsch, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, 12. 1876, pp.

17, 29, pl. 2, fig. 2 (Ponapé); _idem_, Proc. Zool. Soc. London,

1877 (1878), p. 779 (Ponapé); Nehrkorn, Journ. f. Ornith., 1879,

p. 403 (Ponapé); Finsch, Journ. f. Ornith., 1880, p. 289 (Ponapé);

_idem_, Ibis, 1881, pp. 110, 112, 115 (Ponapé); Schmeltz and

Krause, Ethnogr. Abth. Mus. Godeffroy, 1881, p. 281 (Ponapé);

Tristram, Cat. Birds, 1889, p. 198 (Ponapé); Wiglesworth, Abhandl.

und Ber. Zool. Mus. Dresden, no. 6, 1890-1891 (1891), p. 20

(Ponapé); Büttikofer, Notes Leyden Mus., 15, 1893, p. 76 (Ponapé);

Matschie, Journ. f. Ornith., 1901, pp. 112, 113 (Ponapé); Dubois,

Syn. Avium, 1, 1902, p. 277 (Ponapé); Takatsukasa and Kuroda,

Tori, 1, 1915, pp. 54, 64 (Ponapé); Wetmore, in Townsend and

Wetmore, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 63, 1919, p. 204 (Ponapé);

Kuroda, in Momiyama, Birds Micronesia, 1922, p. 65 (Ponapé);

Yamashina, Tori, 7, 1932, p. 403 (Ponapé); Hand-list Japanese

Birds, rev., 1932, p. 176 (Ponapé); Mayr, Proc. 6th Pacific Sci.

Congr., 4, 1941, p. 204 (Ponapé); Hand-list Japanese Birds, 3d

ed., 1942, p. 196 (Ponapé).

_Rhipidura kubarii_ Sharpe, Cat. Birds British Mus., 4, 1879, p.

314 (Ponapé); Bolau, Mitteil. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 1898, p. 55

(Ponapé).

_Rhipdura rufifrons kubaryi_ Mayr, Birds Southwest Pacific, 1945,

p. 295 (Ponapé); Mayr and Moynihan, Amer. Mus. Novit., no. 1321,

1946, pp. 3, 6, 9, 11, 12, 15, 16 (Ponapé).

_Geographic range._--Micronesia: Caroline Islands--Ponapé.

_Characters._--Adult: Upper parts smoky olivaceous-brown, less

smoky on rump and upper tail-coverts; anterior forehead and

supraloral region narrowly edged with white; lores and orbital

ring black; auriculars brown; feathers of chin and malar region

tipped with white; rest of chin and throat black, lower feathers

of throat edged with white; abdomen dark olivaceous-brown with

whitish mid-portion anteriorily; sides and under tail-coverts

ashy, the latter broadly tipped with white; wings and tail dark,

tail tipped with white and outer rectrices more broadly so;

axillaries and under wing-coverts gray, broadly tipped with white;

bill and feet black, mandible basally whitish; iris dark brown.

_R. r. kubaryi_ resembles _R. r. uraniae_, but larger; lacking

rufous coloring; smaller and shorter, white malar stripe; white on

chin reduced.

_Measurements._--Measurements are listed in table 38.

_Specimens examined._--Total number, 40 (24 males, 15 females, 1

unsexed), as follows: Caroline Islands, USNM--Ponapé, 1 (Feb. 12);

AMNH--Ponapé, 39 (Nov., Dec.).

_Nesting._--Yamashina (1932a:403) records nests containing one or

two eggs taken at Ponapé in 1931 on the following dates: July 11,

August 2, 14, 19, 22, 30. Coultas (field notes) obtained reports

that the eggs are two in number and laid in a cup-shaped nest of

grass and fern, which is placed near the ground.

_Molt._--Many of the specimens examined that were taken in

November and December are in fresh or slightly worn plumage. Only

a few are molting. Apparently molt occurs earlier, perhaps

beginning in August and continuing until October or November.

_Remarks._--Coultas obtained a large series of these birds at Ponapé in

1931. He writes (field notes) that the fantail is a common bird and is

found in forest and brush lands. This bird has a nervous behavior

similar to that of other fantails and is constantly "wagging its long

tail." Coultas describes it as an aggressive bird, chasing honey-eaters

and white-eyes.

=Rhipidura lepida= Hartlaub and Finsch

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