half an inch more than the height.
ORDER II. ROUND-SHAPED FLAT APPLES.
1. The eye cannot easily detect a distinction between the breadth and
height.--2. The breadth rarely exceeds the height by a quarter of an
inch.--3. The fruit cut transversely, exhibits almost or quite two
equal halves.
* * * * *
DOCHNAHL’S CLASSIFICATION.
SECTION I.
PLEUROIDEA.--_ANGULAR OR RIBBED APPLES._
Having sharp or flat ribs, which extend over the length of the fruit,
and are most prominent round the eye, where they are most generally
situated.
CLASS I. MALA CYDONARIA.--QUINCE-SHAPED APPLES.
ORDER I. CALVILLA,--_CALVILLES._
1. They have large heart-shaped cells, open towards the axis, or often
entirely torn; the cells extend very often from the stalk, even to
the tube of the calyx.--2. They diminish from about the middle of the
fruit, or a little above it towards the eye.--3. They are regular,
and provided generally with fine ribs, which do not disfigure the
fruit.--4. On the tree the fruit is covered with bloom.--5. They
are never distinctly striped.--6. Their flesh is soft, loose, fine,
and light, of a balsamic flavor, similar to that of strawberries or
raspberries.--7. The eye is frequently closed.--8. Many of them acquire
by keeping, an oily or unctuous skin.
GROUP I. FRUCTUS RUBRI--_FRUIT RED._
The fruit almost entirely covered with red.
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS BICOLORES.--_FRUIT TWO-COLORED._
Yellow, very much striped or washed with red.
GROUP 3. FRUCTUS LUTEI.--_FRUIT YELLOW._
Of a whitish, greenish, or golden yellow.
ORDER II. PSEUDO-CALVILLA.--_BASTARD CALVILLES._
1. The cells are the same as the true Calvilles, very large and
open.--2. The calycinal tube is wide and generally very short.--3.
They are slightly narrowed towards the eye, and flattened towards the
stalk.--4. Their ribs are very prominent, especially round the eye.--5.
They are aromatic, and have not the balsamic flavor of the true
Calvilles.--6. Their flesh is fine, opaque, a little succulent, and
almost equal to the Reinettes.
_The Groups are the same as in the First Order._
CLASS II. MALA PYRARIA.--_PEAR-SHAPED APPLES._
Their flavor is neither balsamic nor aromatic; they are purely sweet or
acid, their flesh is granulous and loose.
ORDER I. TREMARIA.--_SEEDS LOOSE._
1. These are almost always large apples, the skin of which is neither
unctuous nor covered with bloom.--2. They are also furnished with ribs,
but they are not so regular as in the Calvilles.--3. The cells are very
large, irregular, widened, and generally open.--4. The calycinal tube
is most generally widely conical, and does not extend to the cells.--5.
They are of a flattened, conical, cylindrical, or pointed shape.--6.
Their flesh is loose, more often a little coarse, and of a slight
balsamic flavor.--7. The leaves of these trees are very large, rather
deeply dentated, and less downy than those of the Calvilles and Bastard
Calvilles.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS UNICOLORES.--_FRUIT SELF-COLORED._
Green, greenish-yellow, or golden yellow, and lightly tinged with red.
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS BICOLORES.--_TWO COLORED._
Yellow or green, and distinctly striped or washed with red.
ORDER II. RAMBURA.--_RAMBURES._
1. They are all very large.--2. They have almost always the two
halves unequal.--3. They are constantly broader than high, and appear
sometimes higher than they are.--4. They are not furnished with ribs
except round the eye; these ribs are often irregular in numbers, and
frequently form broad projections on the fruit.--5. They do not decay,
but shrivel when they are past maturity.--6. The flesh is coarsely
granulous, rarely aromatic, often, nevertheless, very agreeable.
GROUP 1. CAPSULIS AMPLIS.--_CELLS WIDE._
GROUP 2. CAPSULIS ANGUSTIS.--_CELLS NARROW._
SECTION II.
SPHÆROIDEA.--_SPHERICAL APPLES._
They have sometimes prominences on the fruit and round the eye, but
never true ribs.
CLASS III. MALA MESPILARIA.--_MEDLAR-SHAPED APPLES._
Their flavor is sweet, aromatic, similar to that of the rose, fennel,
or anise.
ORDER I. APIANA.--_APIS OR ROSE APPLES._
1. Their flesh is soft, loose, marrowy, very fine-grained and of
a snow-white color.--2. The cells are almost always regular and
closed.--3. They are regularly ribbed round the eye, and often also
over the fruit, but sometimes not at all ribbed.--4. They have a
balsamic flavor, accompanied with a very agreeable odor.--5. They emit
a pleasant odor, especially when briskly rubbed.--6. When they are on
the tree, they are frequently covered with blue bloom, and striped like
a tulip.--7. The fruit is mostly small or middle sized.--8. They are
mostly of short duration, and lose their good flavor the same year.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS OBLONGI.--_OBLONG FRUIT._
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS SPHÆRICI.--_ROUND OR FLATTENED FRUIT._
ORDER II. REINETTA.--_REINETTES._
1. These are apples which have generally the most regular and handsome
shape; having the bulge in the middle, at the same distance from the
eye as from the stalk.--2. All are dotted, clouded, or entirely covered
with russet.--3. They are very rarely inclined to be unctuous, but
generally rough when handled.--4. They all decay very readily, (they
must therefore be left as long as possible on the tree.)--5. Their
flesh is fine-grained, crisp, firm, or fine and delicate.--6. They are
all charged with only a balsamic, sugary acid, which is called Reinette
flavored.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS UNICOLORES.--_SELF COLORED._
1. Having an uniform green ground color, which changes to the most
beautiful golden yellow.--2. Having no lively colors nor marks of
russet, on the side next the sun; except those that are very much
exposed, and are slightly tinged with red.--3. Having no covering of
russet, but only slight traces of russety stripes.
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS RUBRI.--_FRUIT RED._
Having all the properties of the self colored Reinettes; but on the
side next the sun, they are of a red color, with a mixture of russet.
GROUP 3. FRUCTUS RAVI.--_FRUIT RUSSETED._
1. Their ground color is green, changing to dingy dull yellow.--2. The
coatings of russet are very conspicious.--3. The side next the sun is
often dingy, brownish, or ochreous-red.--4. They all decay very readily.
GROUP 4. FRUCTUS AUREI.--_YELLOW OR GOLDEN FRUIT._
GOLDEN REINETTES.
1. On the side next the sun they are washed or striped with beautiful
crimson.--2. The ground color changes by keeping, to beautiful deep
yellow.--3. Over the crimson there is a light, thin trace, or complete
covering of russet.
CLASS IV. MALA MALARIA.--_PERFECT OR PURE APPLE SHAPED._
They are of a perfectly sweet or vinous flavor, approaching to pure
acid.
ORDER I. STRIOLA.--_STRIPED APPLES._
1. They are all, and almost always, marked with broken stripes of
red.--2. These are either over the whole fruit, or only indistinctly
on the side exposed to the sun.--3. The stripes may all be distinct,
that is, clearly and finely striped; or between these stripes on the
side next the sun, the fruit is dotted, shaded, or washed with red;
but on the shaded side, the stripes are well defined.--4. The cells
are regular.--5. The fruit does not decay, except when gathered before
maturity, or after the period when it has been properly ripened.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS DEPRESSI.--_FRUIT FLAT._
1. They have the bulge at the same distance from the eye, as from the
stalk, and are broadly flattened.--2. They are always half an inch
broader than high.
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS ACUMINATI.--_POINTED FRUIT._
1. They are broader than high.--2. They diminish from the middle of
the apple towards the eye, so that the superior half is conical or
pyramidal, and is not at all similiar to the inferior half.
GROUP 3. FRUCTUS OBLONGI.--_FRUIT OBLONG OR CYLINDRICAL._
1. The height and breadth are almost equal.--2. They diminish gradually
from the base to the apex.--3. Or from the middle of the fruit, they
gradually diminish towards the base and apex equally.
GROUP 4. FRUCTUS SPHÆRICI.--_FRUIT ROUND._
1. The convexity of the fruit next the base and the apex is the
same.--2. The breadth does not differ from the height, except only
about a quarter of an inch.--3. When laid on their sides they present a
spherical shape.
ORDER II. CONTUBERNALIA.--_STORING OR HOUSEHOLD APPLES._
1. Having the cells regular.--2. They are not striped, and are either
of an uniform color, or washed with red on the side next the sun.--3.
They do not decay readily.--4. They are not unctuous when handled.--5.
They are never covered with bloom.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS ACUMINATI.--_FRUIT TAPERING._
Diminishing towards the eye.
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS DEPRESSI.--_FRUIT FLAT._
They are constantly broader than high.
* * * * *
Such is the classification of Dochnahl, and although it is not all
that could be desired, it is certainly the best which has yet been
published, and will serve as a good foundation on which to raise a more
perfect work.
I have not had an opportunity of applying either of these arrangements
to the classification of our British apples, but for the purpose of
affording a little assistance in identifying the different varieties
described in this work, I have prepared the following, which, although
I am aware is not what could be desired, will at least be sufficient
for all general purposes. The period of duration, and the coloring of
fruits, vary to a considerable extent according to circumstances of
soil, situation, and season; but in the following arrangement, I have
endeavored to embrace those characters which they are most generally
found to possess.
I. SUMMER APPLES.
Consisting of such as either ripen on the tree, or shortly after being
gathered, and which generally do not last longer than the beginning of
October.
§--ROUND, ROUNDISH, OR OBLATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with
faint red._
Calville Blanche d’Eté
Dutch Codlin
Early Harvest
Early Julien
Early Spice
Joanneting
Large Yellow Bough
Madeleine
Oslin
Sack and Sugar
Stirzaker’s Early Square
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or
colored ground._
Borovitsky
Duchess of Oldenburgh
Nonesuch
Ravelstone Pippin
Whorle
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely
covered with red._
Calville Rouge d’Eté
Calville Rouge de Micoud
Cole
Devonshire Quarrenden
Irish Peach
Maiden’s Blush
Passe Pomme d’Automne
Passe Pomme Rouge
Red Astrachan
§§--OBLONG, CONICAL, OVAL, OR OVATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with
faint red._
Carlisle Codlin
Early Wax
English Codlin
Keswick Codlin
Manks Codlin
Springrove Codlin
Sugar Loaf Pippin
Summer Golden Pippin
Teuchat’s Egg
White Astrachan
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or
colored ground._
American Summer Pearmain
Creeper
Kerry Pippin
Longville’s Kernel
Margaret
Pigeonnet
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely
covered with red._
Dr. Helsham’s Pippin
Hollow Core
King of the Pippins
Sugar and Brandy
II. AUTUMN APPLES.
Including such as are in use from the time of gathering to Christmas.
§--ROUND, ROUNDISH, OR OBLATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with
faint red._
American Fall
Bland’s Jubilee
Breedon Pippin
Bridgewater Pippin
Broadend
Broad Eyed Pippin
Cobham
Dowell’s Pippin
Downton Pippin
Drap d’Or
Early Nonpareil
Flanders Pippin
Forest Stire
Franklin’s Golden Pippin
Gloria Mundi
Golden Monday
Golden Noble
Gooseberry Apple
Grange
Harvey Apple
Pawsan
Small Stalk
Stead’s Kernel
Waltham Abbey Seedling
White Westling
Winter Lading
Yellow Elliot
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or
colored ground._
Bachelor’s Glory
Biggs’s Nonesuch
Cellini
Chester Pearmain
Creed’s Marigold
Elford Pippin
Flushing Spitzenburgh
Gravenstein
Green Woodcock
Hermann’s Pippin
Hoary Morning
Hollandbury
Kentish Fill Basket
Kingston Black
Longstart
Monkton
Nanny
Rabine
Rambour Franc
Red-Streak
Red Streaked Rawling
Siberian Harvey
Summer Strawberry
Trumpington
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely
covered with red._
Api Etoillé
Bere Court Pippin
Borsdorffer
Burn’s Seedling
Calville Rouge d’Automne
Cherry Apple
Contin Reinette
Flower of Kent
Forge
Foxley
Glory of the West
Greenup’s Pippin
Hawthornden
Isle of Wight Pippin
Lady’s Delight
De Neige
Red-Must
Rymer
Scarlet Crofton
Scarlet Tiffing
Scotch Bridget
Siberian Bitter Sweet
Summer Broadend
D. RUSSET.
_Being entirely or to a great extent covered with russet._
Brown Kenting
Cornish Aromatic
Ten Shillings
§§--OBLONG, CONICAL, OVAL, OR OVATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with
faint red._
Brookes’s
Catshead
Coccagee
Costard
Cray Pippin
Green Tiffing
Hargreave’s Green Sweet
Harvey’s Wiltshire Defiance
Isleworth Crab
Kilkenny Pearmain
Lucombe’s Pine
Marmalade
Melrose
Monkland Pippin
Nelson Codlin
Pitmaston Golden Wreath
Proliferous Reinette
Sheep’s Nose
Tarvey Codlin
Toker’s Incomparable
Transparent Codlin
White Wine
Wormsley Pippin
Yellow Ingestrie
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked, with stripes, either on a pale or
colored ground._
Augustus Pearmain
Belle Bonne
Colonel Vaughan’s
Bennet Apple
Best Bache
Broughton
Cowarne Red
Duke of Beaufort’s Pippin
Duncan
Emperor Alexander
Fill Basket
Garter
Glory of England
Golden Streak
Golden Winter Pearmain
Hagloe Crab
Mère de Ménage
Moore’s Seedling
Queen of Sauce
Summer Pearmain
White Paradise
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely
covered with red._
Fox Whelp
Friar
Ganges
Grey Leadington
Kentish Pippin
Long Nose
Pigeon
Red Ingestrie
Wickham’s Pearmain
Woodcock
D. RUSSET.
_Being entirely, or to a great extent covered with russet._
Bowyer’s Russet
Patch’s Russet
Pine Apple Russet
III.--WINTER APPLES.
Including such as are in use during the whole of the Winter and Spring.
§--ROUND, ROUNDISH, OR OBLATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with
faint red._
Alfriston
Bedfordshire Foundling
Belledge Pippin
Birmingham Pippin
Blenheim Pippin
Bringewood Pippin
Calville Blanche d’Hiver
Cluster Golden Pippin
Court of Wick
Devonshire Buckland
Dredge’s Fair Maid of Wishford
Dredge’s Fame
Essex Pippin
Fair’s Nonpareil
Famagusta
Fenouillet Jaune
Gogar Pippin
Golden Pippin
Holland Pippin
Hollow Crowned Pippin
Hughes’s Golden Pippin
Minchall Crab
Morris’s Court of Wick
Rambo
Reinette Diel
Reinette Franche
Reinette Jaune Sucrée
Reinette Vert
Rhode Island Greening
Saint Julien
Screveton Golden Pippin
Siely’s Mignonne
Sleeping Beauty
Spitzenberg
Veiny Pippin
Wyken Pippin
Yellow Newtown Pippin
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or
colored ground._
Brabant Bellefleur
Calville Rouge d’Hiver
Caroline
Christie’s Pippin
Dutch Mignonne
Fulwood
Golden Reinette
Gros Faros
Hall Door
Hambledon Deux Ans
Hoskreiger
Keeping Red Streak
Kirke’s Lord Nelson
Lincolnshire Holland Pippin
Lucombe’s Seedling
Newtown Spitzenberg
Ribston Pippin
Round Winter Nonesuch
Royal Reinette
Scarlet Nonpareil
Selwood’s Reinette
Shakespere
Shepherd’s Fame
Somerset Lasting
Spice Apple
Striped Beefing
Striped Monstrous Reinette
Taunton Golden Pippin
Watson’s Dumpling
West Grinstead Pippin
Yorkshire Greening
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely
covered with red._
Api
Api Gros
Api Noir
Baddow Pippin
Bank
Belle Grisdeline
Braddick’s Nonpareil
Brickley Seedling
Calville Malingre
Clara Pippin
Coul Blush
Court-pendu Plat
Dumelow’s Seedling
Fair Maid of Taunton
Fearn’s Pippin
Harvey’s Pippin
Haute Bonté
London Pippin
Mela Carla
Minier’s Dumpling
Newtown Pippin
Nonpareil
Norfolk Beefing
Norfolk Paradise
Northern Greening
Osterley Pippin
Padley’s Pippin
Pearson’s Plate
Petworth Nonpareil
Pomewater
Reinette de Breda
Reinette Blanche d’Espagne
Reinette de Canada
Reinette Van Mons
Rose de China
Royal Shepherd
Sir William Gibbons’s
Sops in Wine
Squire’s Greening
Sturmer Pippin
Surry Flat Cap
Turk’s Cap
Wanstall
Wheeler’s Extreme
White Virgin
Winter Colman
Winter Greening
Winter Majetin
D. RUSSET.
_Being entirely, or to a great extent, covered with russet._
Acklam’s Russet
Aromatic Russet
Ashmead’s Kernel
Boston Russet
Byson Wood Russet
Fenouillet Gris
Fenouillet Rouge
Golden Harvey
Horsham Russet
Keeping Russet
Knobbed Russet
Morris’s Russet
New Rock Pippin
Pennington’s Seedling
Pile’s Russet
Pitmaston Nonpareil
Pomme Grise
Powell’s Russet
Reinette Carpentin
Reinette Grise
Robinson’s Pippin
Ross Nonpareil
Royal Russet
Sam Young
Sweeney Nonpareil
Sykehouse Russet
Wheeler’s Russet
§§--OBLONG, CONICAL, OVAL, OR OVATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color or occasionally tinged with
faint red._
Barton’s Incomparable
Beachamwell
Bossom
Cockle Pippin
Coe’s Golden Drop
Colonel Harbord’s Pippin
Darling Pippin
Hanwell Souring
Hormead Pearmain
Hunthouse
Lemon Pippin
Mitchelson’s Seedling
Norfolk Stone Pippin
Nottingham Pippin
Oxnead Pearmain
Pitmaston Golden Pippin
Pope’s Apple
Tower of Glammis
Trumpeter
Warner’s King
Winter Codlin
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or
colored ground._
Adams’s Pearmain
Baldwin
Baxter’s Pearmain
Beauty of Kent
Benwell’s Pearmain
Bess Pool
Bristol Pearmain
Claygate Pearmain
Cornish Gilliflower
Esopus Spitzenburgh
Federal Pearmain
Grange’s Pearmain
Lamb Abbey Pearmain
Lewis’s Incomparable
Loan’s Pearmain
Margil
Parry’s Pearmain
Royal Pearmain
Scarlet Leadington
Scarlet Pearmain
Seek-no-Farther
Winter Pearmain
Winter Quoining
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely
covered with red._
Barcelona Pearmain
Farleigh Pippin
Foulden Pearmain
Hunt’s Deux Ans
Hutton Square
Irish Reinette
Lady’s Finger
Mannington’s Pearmain
New York Pippin
Ord’s Apple
Petit Jean
Pomeroy
Ponto Pippin
Russet Table Pearmain
Tulip
Vale Mascal Pearmain
Violette
Wadhurst Pippin
Whitmore Pippin
Woolman’s Long
D. RUSSET.
_Being entirely, or to a great extent, covered with russet._
Betsey
Forman’s Crew
Golden Knob
Golden Pearmain
Golden Russet
Hubbard’s Pearmain
Hunt’s Duke of Gloucester
Martin Nonpareil
Morris’s Nonpareil Russet
Pinner Seedling
Rosemary Russet
Rushock Pearmain
Uellner’s Gold Reinette
THE APPLE.--ITS VARIETIES.
1. ACKLAM’S RUSSET.--Fors.
IDENTIFICATION.--Fors. Treat. 92. Lind. Guide, 85. Hort. Soc. Cat. ed.
3, n. 733.
SYNONYME.--Aclemy Russet, _Gibs. Fr. Gard._ 359.
Fruit, below the medium size, two inches and a quarter wide, and two
inches high; round and somewhat flattened. Skin, pale yellow tinged
with green, and covered with thin grey russet, particularly on the side
exposed to the sun. Eye, small and closed, set in a smooth, round, and
shallow basin. Stalk, short, inserted in a moderately deep cavity.
Flesh, white with a greenish tinge, firm, crisp, juicy, and highly
flavoured.
An excellent dessert apple of first-rate quality; ripe in November, and
will keep under favourable circumstances till March.
The tree is very hardy, and an excellent bearer. It succeeds best in a
dry soil, and is well adapted for espalier training.
This variety is supposed to have originated at the village of Acklam,
in Yorkshire.
2. ADAMS’S PEARMAIN.--Lind.
IDENTIFICATION.--Lind. Guide, 60. Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 529.
SYNONYME.--Norfolk Pippin, _Hort. Soc. Cat._ ed. 1, 685.
FIGURE.--Pom. Mag. t. 133.
[Illustration]
Fruit, large, varying from two inches and a half to three inches high
and about the same in breadth at the widest part; pearmain-shaped,
very even, and regularly formed. Skin, pale yellow tinged with green,
and covered with delicate russet on the shaded side; but deep yellow
tinged with red, and delicately streaked with livelier red on the side
next the sun. Eye, small and open, with acute erect segments, set in
a narrow, round, and plaited basin. Stalk, varying from half an inch
to an inch long, obliquely inserted in a shallow cavity, and generally
with a fleshy protuberance on one side of it. Flesh, yellowish, crisp,
juicy, rich, and sugary, with an agreeable and pleasantly perfumed
flavor.
A dessert apple of first-rate quality; in use from December to
February. It is a large and very handsome variety, and worthy of
general cultivation.
The tree is a free and healthy grower, producing long slender shoots,
by which, and its cucullated ovate leaves, it is easily distinguished.
It is an excellent bearer even in a young state, particularly on the
paradise or doucin stock, and succeeds well as an espalier.
3. ALFRISTON.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 8. Lind. Guide,
26. Down. Fr. Amer. 97.
SYNONYMES.--Lord Gwydyr’s Newtown Pippin, _Acc. Hort. Soc. Cat._ ed.
3. Oldaker’s New, _Ibid._ Shepherd’s Pippin, _in Sussex_. Shepherd’s
Seedling, _Ibid._
FIGURE.--Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl. xxxv. f. 1.
[Illustration]
Fruit, of the largest size, generally about three inches and a half
wide, and from two and three quarters to three inches high; roundish,
and angular on the sides. Skin, greenish yellow on the shaded side,
and tinged with orange next the sun, covered all over with veins, or
reticulations of russet. Eye, open, set in a deep and uneven basin.
Stalk, short, inserted in a deep cavity. Flesh, yellowish white, crisp,
juicy, sugary, and briskly flavoured.
This is one of the largest and best culinary apples. It comes into use
in the beginning of November and continues till April.
The tree is a strong and vigorous grower, very hardy, and an abundant
bearer.
This variety is supposed to have been raised by a person of the name
of Shepherd, at Uckfield, in Sussex, and has for many years been
extensively cultivated in that county, under the names of _Shepherd’s
Seedling_, and _Shepherd’s Pippin_, two names by which it is there
most generally known. Some years ago a Mr. Brooker, of Alfriston,
near Hailsham, in Sussex, sent specimens of the fruit to the London
Horticultural Society, by whom, being unknown, it was called the
_Alfriston_, a name by which it is now generally known, except in its
native county. By some it is erroneously called the _Baltimore_ and
_Newtown Pippin_.
4. AMERICAN FALL PIPPIN.--H.
SYNONYME.--Fall Pippin, _Coxe. View_, 109, _Down. Fr. Amer._ 84.
[Illustration]
Fruit, large, three inches and a quarter wide, and two inches and three
quarters high; roundish, ribbed on the sides, and almost the same width
at the apex as the base. Skin, yellow tinged with green, and strewed
with brown dots on the shaded side; but with a tinge of brown, and
numerous embedded pearly specks on the side next the sun. Eye, large
and open, with broad, flat segments, set in a wide, deep, and rather
angular basin. Stalk, three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a
rather shallow cavity, which is slightly marked with russet. Flesh,
yellowish, slightly tinged with green at the margin, tender, juicy,
sugary, slightly perfumed, and pleasantly flavoured.
Unlike the majority of American Apples, this comes to great perfection
in this country, and is a valuable and first-rate culinary apple. It is
ripe in October and will last till Christmas.
This is the true Fall Pippin of the American orchards, and a very
different variety from the Fall Pippin of this country, which is known
by the names of Cobbett’s Fall Pippin, and Reinette Blanche d’Espagne.
5. AMERICAN SUMMER PEARMAIN.--Ken.
IDENTIFICATION.--Ken. Amer. Or. 1. Hort Soc. Cat. ed. 3. Down. Fr.
Amer. 70.
SYNONYME.--Early Summer Pearmain, _Coxe. View_, 104.