=Urinall.= _P. avium._ =1.= Parkinson _P_The cherries of New York

"The Urinall Cherrie in a most fruitfull yeare is a small bearer, having

many yeares none, and the best but a few; yet doth blossome plentifully

every yeare for the most part: the cherrie is long and round, like unto

an Urinall, from whence it tooke his name; reddish when it is full ripe,

and of an indifferent sweete rellish."

=Utha.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 57. 1894.

Spoken of by Joseph Wood, Windom, Minnesota, as a hardy but almost

worthless fruit; unproductive.

=Van Gaasbeck.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 67. 1875.

A seedling cherry of extrordinary keeping quality exhibited by W. Van

Gaasbeck, Hudson, New York. The fruit is of medium size with firm, sweet

flesh.

=Vanskike.= Species? =1.= _Trans. Cal. Agr. Soc._ 472. 1873.

A flesh-colored cherry listed as being cultivated successfully in

California.

=Vaughn.= Species? 1. _Can. Exp. Farm. Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:62. 1900.

Listed as medium in growth; fruit not described.

=Velser.= _P. avium X P. cerasus._ =1.= Krünitz _Enc._ 54, 55. 1790.

=2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 394-398. 1819.

_Prague Tardif (Muscadét de)._ =3.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:36, 42.

1771.

_Wanfrieder Weichsel._ =4.= Christ _Handb._ 672. 1797.

_Douce de Palatinat._ =5.= _Mag. Hort._ =20=:270. 1854.

_Pfälzer Süssweichsel._ =6.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:49. 1858.

_Cerise du Palatinat._ =7.= Mas _Le Verger_ =8=:153, 154, fig. 75.

1866-73.

Tree of medium growth; branches long, straight; fruit above medium in

size, obtuse-cordate, distinguishing it from other dark Dukes,

compressed; suture distinct; stem long; color dark red; flesh colored,

fibrous, juicy, sweet with a pleasing subacid flavor; stone small,

broad, cordate, adhering to both stem and flesh.

=Very Large Heart.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 53. 1831.

Mentioned in this reference.

=Vesta.= _P. avium._ =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 262. 1892. =2.= _Am. Pom.

Soc. Rpt._ 150. 1895.

Vesta is a seedling of Napoleon which originated with C. E. Hoskins,

Newberg, Oregon; fruit of medium size, obtuse-cordate, very dark; flesh

firm, sweet; quality good; ripens the middle of June.

=Vilna Sweet.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 330. 1885. =2.=

_Wash. Sta. Bul._ =92=:31. 1910.

Vilna Sweet was imported by Professor J. L. Budd from Vilna, Russia.

This variety shows much promise in the West as a local sort but is too

tender to ship. Tree of medium size, upright, very hardy, free from

diseases; fruit large, roundish to oblong, compressed; stem long,

slender; cavity rather deep, narrow, often lipped on the side showing a

suture; color red, often entirely covering the yellow ground; flesh

whitish, tinged with pink, tender but meaty, sprightly, subacid becoming

sweet; pit free, large, ovate, plump, smooth; ripens the middle of July

hanging to the tree until the last of August.

=Violet.= _P. cerasus._

According to a letter from H. Back & Sons, New Trenton, Indiana, Violet

resembles English Morello but is more round and not as acid.

=Virginia May Duke.= _P. avium._ =1.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 220. 1854. =2.=

Hooper _W. Fr. Book 269._ 1857.

A small, cordate, bright red, second rate Mazzard cherry.

=Vistula.= Species? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 149. 1896.

Mentioned as planted and as having been killed by the winter.

=Voronezh No. 27.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 76. 1890.

A promising, vigorous variety imported under this number from Voronezh,

Russia; Fruit very large, bright red, round, somewhat flattened; flesh

juicy, subacid; pit small. season very late.

=Wabash.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 41. 1895.

Wabash was introduced by Samuel Kinsey, Kinsey, Ohio, the original tree

having stood since 1848 on the grounds of Mrs. Ellen Pawlings, Wabash,

Indiana. Fruit borne singly, of the Morello type, roundish-oblate, above

medium in size, surface smooth; cavity large, wide, deep, flaring; stem

long, slender, curved; suture a shallow line; skin thin, tough, glossy,

bright crimson turning to dark red; dots very small, indented; flesh

yellowish, veined, translucent, tender, melting, subacid, rich; quality

very good; season a week later than Early Richmond.

=Wachampa.= _P. pumila × P. triflora._ =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._

=130=:181. 1911.

Wachampa is a cross between the Sand Cherry and the Occident plum. Fruit

an inch to an inch and one quarter in diameter; skin bitter, dark

purple; flesh and juice dark purple.

=Wagner.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Wash. Sta. Bul._ =92=:31. 1910.

Tree upright, round-topped, with long branches; fruit medium to large,

roundish-oblate; stem short, stout; skin thin, tender, dark red; flesh

yellow, meaty, melting, sweet, with a slight acidity; quality good;

ripens the middle of July.

=Warner.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =10=:247. 1859.

Warner is a supposed seedling of American Amber grown by Mathew G.

Warner, Rochester, New York; fruit amber to very dark red where exposed;

stem long, slender; flesh firm, juicy, sweet; ripens late in July.

=Warren Transparent.= Species? =1.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book_ 237. 1849.

Originated with a Mr. Warren, Brighton, Massachusetts. Fruit

roundish-cordate; skin pale yellow and red; flesh very tender,

transparent; ripens early in July.

=Washington Purple.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:162. 1882.

Listed without a description.

=Waterhouse.= _P. avium._ =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 25. 1894.

This variety was originated by Dr. Warren Waterhouse, 1873, of Monmouth,

Oregon. Fruit of the Bigarreau class, large, compressed, heart-shaped;

cavity large, round; stem long, slender; suture a line; skin firm,

smooth, glistening, yellowish-white with a bright red cheek, often

nearly solid red; dots numerous, very small; flesh whitish, tinged

yellow, firm, juicy, vinous, sprightly; quality very good.

=Weeping.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:153. 1832.

_Weeping or Pendulous Morello._ =2.= Fish _Hardy-Fr. Bk._ =2=:106. 1882.

Under the name Weeping are included many varieties with a drooping or

pendulant habit and mostly of ornamental value only. This variety,

listed by Prince, although much like Toussaint, has branches more

pendant than those of other weeping cherries. The Weeping or Pendulous

Morello of Fish is included here. The head in this variety seldom

exceeds four or five feet in diameter, and the slender branches droop on

all sides until they trail on the ground; the fruit is of medium size

and when fully ripe is of a pleasant acid flavor.

=Weeping Black Bigarreau.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Flor. & Pom._ 16. 1879.

_Trauerknorpelkirsche._ =2.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:40. 1858.

_Bigarreau pleureur._ =3.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 23. 1876.

One of the earliest black Bigarreaus. It differs from other sorts of its

class in the weeping habit of the tree; very ornamental.

=Weeping Napoleon.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 53. 1871.

A seedling of Napoleon introduced by a Mr. Dougall, Windsor, Ontario. If

budded high the branches are pendulous, which, with the large, dark

fruit, makes a handsome ornamental.

=Weis, Roth und Rosenfarbig Marmorirte Kramelkirsche.= Species? =1.=

_Kraft Pom. Aust._ =1=:3, Tab. 6 fig. 2. 1792.

Flesh white, breaking, firm, with colorless juice, pleasing; ripens the

middle of July.

=Weisse Rosenroth Marmorirte Herzkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Christ

_Wörterb._ 280. 1802.

_Weiss und hellroth gefleckte grosse Kramelkirsche._ =2.= Kraft _Pom.

Aust._ =1=:3, Tab. 6 fig. 1. 1792.

Flesh white, less firm than others of this class; juice colorless; stone

yellowish; ripens the middle of July.

=Weisse Mandelkirsche.= Species? =1.= _Proskauer Obstsort._ 58. 1907.

Listed, not described.

=Wellington.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 56. 1831. =2.=

Elliott _Fr. Book_ 220. 1854.

_Wellington's Weichsel._ =3.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:60. 1858.

_Griotte de Wellington._ =4.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:307. 1866.

Mentioned by Elliott in 1854 as unworthy of further culture. Bigarreau

Wellington, often used as a synonym of Napoleon, should not be mistaken

for this Morello of supposedly English origin. Fruit of medium size,

cordate; stem long; skin thin, glossy, black; flesh firm, dark red,

moderately juicy, pleasant subacid; stone elongated, cordate, free;

ripens the middle of July.

=Wendell Mottled.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =13=:494 fig. 1847.

=2.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 213. 1854. =3.= Hoffy _N. Am. Pom._ Pl. 1860.

Wendell Mottled was raised from a seed of Yellow Spanish planted in

1840, by Dr. Herman Wendell, Albany, New York. Tree upright, thrifty,

bears early and abundantly; fruit large, obtuse-cordate, with a distinct

suture; stem long, rather stout, set in a moderately deep cavity; skin

dark purplish-red, mottled and streaked, nearly black; flesh deep

crimson, firm, crisp, juicy; stone small; ripens the middle of July.

=Wenzlecks Bunte Knorpelkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Mas Pom. Gen._

=11=:162. 1882.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Werder Early Black.= _P. avium._ =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 169.

1845. =2.= _Ill. Handb._ 53 fig., 54. 1860. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 93.

1866.

_Werdersche Schwarze Allerfrüheste Herzkirsche._ =4.= Christ _Handb._

683. 1797. =5.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 109-111. 1819.

_Guigne Hâtive de Werder._ =6.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:82, 300.

1866. =7.= Mas _Le Verger_ =8=:27, 28, fig. 12. 1866-73.

_Bigarreau Werder._ =8.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:251 fig. 1877.

This cherry was received by Truchsess in 1794, from Christ; of unknown

origin. Tree strong and upright in growth, very productive; fruit

valuable for its earliness, rather large, flattened-cordate, with a deep

suture on one side; stem of medium length and thickness, inserted in a

rather small cavity; skin thin, rather deep purple changing to

purplish-black; flesh deep purple, with abundant colored juice, firm,

tender, sweet, yet moderately sprightly and aromatic; quality good;

stone large, ovate, flattened at the base; ripens from the last of May

to the first of June.

=Werder'sche Bunte Herzkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._

382. 1889.

Listed without a description.

=Wheeler.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =73=:87. 1903.

A hardy seedling of English Morello originating with H. J. Wheeler,

Carnforth, Iowa.

=White Bigarreau.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =205=:28. 1903.

This variety was received by the Michigan Station from the United States

Department of Agriculture in 1895; it is between the Duke and the

Morello in type. Tree low, slow in growth; fruit large, light red,

slightly darker on one side; flesh tender, juicy, sprightly subacid.

=White French.= Species? =1.= _Pa. Fr. Gr. Soc. Rpt._ 11. 1881.

Spoken of as doing well in Pennsylvania.

=White French Guigne.= _P. avium._ =1.= Barry _Fr. Garden_ 323. 1851.

=2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 74. 1862. =3.= Garvin & Son _Cat._ 18. 1892.

A distinct, rather large cherry listed in the fruit catalog of the

American Pomological Society for 1862. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit

creamy-white; flesh tender, melting, juicy, sweet; ripens the middle of

July.

=White Gean.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 50. 1831.

Listed, not described.

=White Hungarian Gean.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 50.

1831.

A tender-fleshed, obtuse-cordate cherry, amber in color, ripening in

July; second quality.

=White Mazzard.= _P. avium._ =1.= Manning _Book of Fruits_ 111. 1838.

=2.= _Mag. Hort._ =8=:285. 1842. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 171. 1845.

White Mazzard originated with Robert Manning at Salem, Massachusetts,

from a seed of White Bigarreau. Downing considered it similar to Black

Mazzard, except in color. Tree handsome, upright in growth, productive;

fruit of medium size, cordate, of a cream color, with a bright red

cheek; not of the finest flavor; ripens late.

=White Spanish.= _P. avium._ =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 572. 1629. =2.=

Krünitz _Enc._ 61, 62, 63. 1790. =3.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_.

317-320. 1819. =4.= _Ill. Handb._ 127 fig., 128. 1860.

This variety and Yellow Spanish are much alike in appearance yet the

best European authorities consider them distinct. Tree healthy, not

large, productive; fruit large, roundish-cordate, somewhat compressed;

stem long; cavity depressed on the ventral side; color waxy yellow,

streaked and dotted with red; flesh yellowish, firm, juicy, sweet,

pleasant; ripens late.

=White Tartarian.= _P. avium._ =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:114. 1832.

=2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 178. 1845. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 315.

1884.

_Fraser's White Tartarian._ =4.= Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 43. 1803.

A variety with this name was grown for many years in America which was

finally proved by William Prince to be a sub-variety of the White Heart.

Tree vigorous, erect, usually productive; fruit rather small, roundish,

inclined to obtuse-cordate; stem long, slender; skin transparent, pale

yellow, approaching amber on the exposed cheek; flesh whitish-yellow,

nearly tender, juicy, pleasant, brisk subacid becoming sweet; very good

in quality; stone large, oval; season early.

=White Transparent.= Species? =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 56. 1831.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Wier's Seedlings.=

D. B. Wier, Lacon, Illinois, disseminated several seedlings which he

selected from a large number originated by him.

=Wier No. 2.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =49=:453. 1890. =2.= _Am.

Pom. Soc. Sp. Rpt._ 37. 1904-05.

This cherry is said to be a seedling of Early Richmond but of the

Morello type. Tree medium to large, upright-spreading, fruiting

regularly; fruit of medium size, oblate-conic; cavity shallow, broad;

stem short; suture slight; color dark red; flesh firm, meaty, dark red,

mildly subacid; quality fair; stone oval; precedes Early Richmond.

=Wier No. 11.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Sp. Rpt._ 37. 1904-05.

Tree upright, productive, hardy; fruit cordate, black; juice dark,

sweeter than many of the sour sorts; ripens earlier than Northwest and

Early Richmond.

=Wier No. 12.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =73=:88. 1903.

Sometimes listed as Wier, being one of the best of Mr. Wier's seedlings

but only moderately productive. Tree of medium size, slightly spreading;

fruit of medium size, elongated-cordate; cavity rather deep and broad;

stem stout, rather long; suture obscure; skin thick, tender, dark red;

flesh firm, crisp, with slightly colored juice, sprightly subacid;

quality fair; stone large, oval; season from July 12th to 20th; the

latest of the Wier seedlings.

=Wier No. 13.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Kan. Sta. Bul._ =73=:190. 1897.

Tree upright, with scant foliage; fruit of medium size; skin dark red,

tough; flesh slightly colored, mild; precedes Early Richmond; of no

value.

=Wier No. 19.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Kan. Sta. Bul._ =73=:190. 1897.

Fruit of medium size, oval, dark red; worthless.

=Wier No. 24.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =73=:88. 1903.

Tree medium in growth, upright-spreading; fruit conical, cordate, of

medium size; cavity shallow; stem of medium length; suture indistinct;

skin smooth, dark red; flesh firm, light yellow, juicy, sprightly

subacid; quality fair; stone almost spherical, smooth; ripens the middle

of June; not worthy of further trial.

=Wier No. 44.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =73=:88. 1903. =2.=

Am. Pom. Soc. Sp. Rpt. 38. 1904-05.

Tree medium in growth, upright-spreading; fruit small to medium, oblate;

cavity shallow; stem short; skin thin, tender, light red; flesh tender,

juicy, acid; good; season late June; less productive than No. 2.

=Wild Ross-shire.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 57. 1831.

A small, wild, round, red fruit with juicy flesh, ripening in July;

allied to the Kentish.

=Wilde Bunte Marmorkirsche.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Dochnahl _Führ.

Obstkunde_ =3=:38. 1858.

Distinguished from the Wild Red Bird cherry by its firmer flesh and

later ripening. It grows wild and is sometimes cultivated along the

highways; ripens the middle of August.

=Wilhelmine Kleindienst.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 20.

1876.

Of German origin; vigorous and productive; fruit large, brilliant

reddish-brown; flesh firm, agreeably sweet; ripens the middle of July.

=Wilkinson.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =8=:284. 1842. =2.= Barry

_Fr. Garden_ 323. 1851. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 476. 1869.

Wilkinson is thought by Hovey to be a native of Rhode Island. Tree

vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, resembling Black Heart but

is more sprightly; ripens the middle of July.

=Willamette.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 127. 1875. =2.=

Wickson _Cal. Fruits_ 290. 1889. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser.

=3=:62. 1900. 4. _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 192. 1907.

Willamette originated with Seth Lewelling, Milwaukee, Oregon, from a

seed of Napoleon. Tree strong in growth; fruit large, light red; flesh

whitish, firm, juicy, sweet, with a pleasant flavor; ripens in the

Northwest in late June.

=Willis Early.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 465. 1900. =2.=

_Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:62. 1900.

Tree vigorous in growth; fruit of medium size, obtuse-cordate; skin

yellow, mottled with red; flesh yellowish-white, juicy, tender, sweet;

ripens early in May.

=Willow-Leaved.= _P. avium × P. cerasus._ =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._

=2=:141. 1832.

_May Duke, Willow-leaved._ =2.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 53. 1831.

_Griottier à feuilles de Pêcher._ =3.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 280. 1832.

_Weidenblättrige Süssweichsel._ =4.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:47.

1858.

_Cerisier de Hollande à feuilles de saule ou de balsamine._ =5.=

Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:505. 1860.

_Griottier à feuilles de Saule._ =6.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:287 fig.,

288. 1877.

_Cerisier à Feuilles de Saule._ =7.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:160. 1882.

The Willow-Leaved cherry seems to have originated in Holland and has

been known since the middle of the Eighteenth Century. It differs from

May Duke in the size and the shape of the foliage. It is not only

cultivated for its singular foliage but also for its fine fruit. If the

tree grows rapidly the leaves are said to assume normal shape.

=Winkler Black.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:62.

1900.

_Wincklers schwarze Knorpelkirsche._ =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_.

206, 676. 1819.

_Winkler's schwarze Herzkirsche._ =3.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_

=3=:35. 1858.

_Bigarreau noir Winkler._ =4.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:231 fig. 1877.

This is a seedling from Guben, Prussia, Germany. Fruit borne in pairs of

medium size, broad, obtuse-cordate, compressed; suture indistinct; skin

dark red; flesh pale red, firm, aromatic, subacid, pleasing; pit rather

large, oval; ripens early in July; not very productive.

=Winter Schwarze.= Species? =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 57. 1831.

Listed without a description.

=Wohltragende Holländische Kirsche.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Truchsess-Heim

_Kirschensort_. 591-593. 1819. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 382. 1889.

_Grosse wohltragende holländische Morellè._ =3.= Christ _Wörterb._ 288.

1802.

Fruit large, sides unequally compressed; suture indistinct; stem medium

in length, set in a large cavity; skin tough, dark brown when ripe;

flesh fibrous, clear red, darker near the stone, with colored juice,

pleasingly sour; stone long, colored; ripens late in July.

=Yan.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =61=:577 fig. 235. 1902. =2.=

_Wash. Sta. Bul._ =92=:32. 1910.

Yan is a seedling grown by Seth Lewelling of Milwaukee, Oregon; named

for a faithful Chinese workman. Fruit large, roundish-cordate, with a

distinct suture on one side; stem long, stout; skin tough, dark

purplish-red; flesh streaked and flecked with light red, firm, juicy,

mild subacid; very late; productive.

=Yellow Glass.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =19=:551. 1892. =2.=

_Ibid._ =73=:89. 1903. =3.= _Wash. Sta. Bul._ =92=:32. 1910.

Yellow Glass was introduced from North Silesia by Professor J. L. Budd,

Ames, Iowa. Tree large, upright, with abundant foliage; fruit medium to

above in size, roundish-cordate; cavity deep; stem long; suture a line;

skin thin, tough, light lemon in color; flesh firm, yellow, meaty,

sweet, with colorless juice; quality good; stone large, round, clinging.

=Young Large Black Heart.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Pioneer Nur. Cat._ 16.

1905-06.

Merely listed in the reference given.

=Yuksa.= _P. pumila × P. armeniaca._ 1. _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =108=:1908.

Yuksa is noted in the reference as a cross between the Sand Cherry and

the New Large Apricot.

=Zimmtkirsche.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:64.

1858.

Fruit medium in size, round, flattened at the stem, without a suture;

cavity deep; stem long; skin thin, dark red almost black; flesh

aromatic, subacid; stone oval-pointed.

=Zweifarbige Kirsche.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom Pom._ 382. 1889.

_Bicolor._ =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:159. 1882.

Listed without a description.

=Zwitterkirsche.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:162. 1882.

Mentioned in this reference.

= Schwarze Knorpelkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_

=3=:35. 1858.

Fruit large, elongated, sides strongly compressed; suture shallow; apex

depressed; skin reddish-black; flesh very dark red, pleasing, slightly

sweet; ripens in late July.

[84] Charles Downing, whose likeness we show in the frontispiece,

was born at Newburgh, New York, July 9, 1802. He spent his life in

the place of his birth, dying January 18, 1885. His parents were

natives of Lexington, Massachusetts, who shortly before the birth

of Charles Downing, the eldest son, came to Newburgh, the father

establishing a shop for the manufacture of wagons, a business

which he soon abandoned to become a nurseryman. Here, in the first

successful nursery established in the region, were trained Charles

and Andrew Downing, receiving under the careful guidance of the

father a knowledge of the business and of fruits which with later

self instruction made them the most distinguished pomologists of

their day. With the death of the father in 1822, before Charles

had obtained his majority, the responsibility of conducting the

business and the support of the family devolved upon him. Andrew

J., the younger brother, in 1834, at the age of 19, united with

Charles in the management of the nursery business under the firm

name of C. & A. J. Downing, a partnership which lasted only until

1839. Charles continued in the nursery business for many years

during which time he became the foremost pomologist in the United

States and eventually, about 1850, sold his holdings to devote

himself to the study of varieties of fruits and the revision of

the _Fruits and Fruit Trees of America._ This great pomological

book was projected and published by Andrew but most of the work of

the book as it is now known was done by Charles in revising the

original and adding to its many editions. It is and has long been,

as all know, the highest authority on American fruits. Naturally

of an inquiring turn of mind Charles Downing studied closely the

qualities of the varieties that came under his observation and

seldom described without the fruit in hand. His variety orchard is

said to have contained at one time 1,800 varieties of apples and

1,000 pears with lesser numbers of the other fruits. A few trees of

this wonderful collection still stand. Charles Downing was one of

the most modest and retiring of men, in his younger days delighting

in the things of which his brother wrote and seldom putting pen

to paper until after his brother's death when he became a regular

contributor to horticultural publications over the signature "C.

D." He was never known to make a public speech. He earned his high

distinction in American pomology by his accurate and conscientious

descriptions and discussions of varieties of fruits.

[85] Andrew Jackson Downing was born in Newburgh on the Hudson,

the town in which he always lived and which he loved, October 30,

1815. He perished while trying to save other passengers in the

burning of the steamer _Henry Clay_ on the Hudson River, July 28,

1852, at the age of 37. Andrew Downing's education was largely

acquired from self instruction although he attended the schools

of his native town and the academy in the adjoining village of

Montgomery. His father, a nurseryman, whose work was mentioned

in the sketch of Charles Downing, elder brother of Andrew, gave

the younger son every opportunity to cultivate an early developed

taste for horticulture, botany and the natural sciences. When but a

youth he joined his brother Charles as partner in a nursery firm, a

relationship maintained for but a few years and which he severed to

begin a career as a writer on landscape gardening and pomological

subjects. His first publication was a _Treatise on the Theory and

Practice of Landscape Gardening adapted to North America, with a

view to the Improvement of Country Residences, with Remarks on

Rural Architecture_, a book published in 1841, the author being but

26 years of age. The work passed into instant popularity and is the

word of authority which has told thousands of Americans what to do

to make their grounds beautiful. Within a few months so great was

the success of the first venture that in response to the demand

he published his _Cottage Residences, a_ companion book which was

received with equal favor, thus giving Andrew Downing first rank

as an authority on rural art. In 1845 the _Fruits and Fruit Trees

of America_, then and now the chief pomological authority of this

continent, was printed simultaneously in London and New York, a

second edition coming out in 1850. In 1846 Andrew Downing became

the founder and editor of the _Horticulturist_, which he continued

to publish until his death. In 1849 he wrote _Additional Notes and

Hints about Building in the Country_, published in Wightwick's

_Hints to Young Architects._ The summer of 1850 was spent in

England in the study of landscape gardening and rural architecture

from the result of which came his _Architecture of Country Houses._

His last work was the editing of Mrs. Loudon's _Landscape Gardening

for Ladies_ though _Rural Essays_ appeared after his death as a

collection of his writings with a memoir by George William Curtis

and a _Letter to his Friends_ by Frederika Bremer. He was employed

in planting the public grounds of the Capitol, the White House and

the Smithsonian Institution at Washington when he met his untimely

death. Downing is the creator of American landscape gardening

and shares with his brother Charles the honor of being the most

distinguished pomologist of the country. In the epoch-making

_Fruits and Fruit Trees of America_ Andrew Downing was the real

genius, Charles Downing the conscientious and painstaking student

who worked out the details.

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES, WITH ABBREVIATIONS USED

The list of books which follows contains all American pomological works

in which the cherry is discussed at any length. Only such European books

are listed, however, as were found useful in writing _The Cherries of

New York_. Only periodicals are listed to which references are made in

the text of the book. The reports and bulletins of experiment stations

and horticultural societies are not included since the abbreviations

used for such publications will be recognized by all.

Am. Gard.

American Gardening. An Illustrated Journal of Horticulture and

Gardener's Chronicle. New York: 1892-1904. Copyright, 1903. (Before its

union with Popular Gardening in 1892, the publication was known as The

American Garden. Both Popular Gardening and The American Garden resulted

from the union or absorption of several other horticultural

periodicals.)

Am. Gard. Mag.

The American Gardener's Magazine, and Register of Useful Discoveries and

Improvements in Horticulture and Rural Affairs. See Mag. Hort.

Am. Hort. An.

American Horticultural Annual. A Yearbook of Horticultural Progress for

the Professional and Amateur Gardener, Fruit-grower, and Florist.

(_Illustrated_.) New York: 1867. Copyright, 1867. New edition. New York:

1870. Copyright, 1869.

Am. Jour. Hort.

The American Journal of Horticulture and Florist's Companion.

(_Illustrated._) Volumes 1-5. Boston: 1867-1896. Copyrights, 1867-1869.

Continued as Tilton's Journal of Horticulture and Floral Magazine.

(_Illustrated._) Volumes 6-9. Boston: 1869-71. Copyrights, 1869-1871.

Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt.

Proceedings of the American Pomological Society. Issued usually

biennially from 1850 to date. First published as the Proceedings of the

National Convention of Fruit Growers in 1848.

Ann. Hort.

Annals of Horticulture and yearbook of information on practical

gardening. 5 Volumes. London: 1846-1850.

Ann. Pom. Belge

Annales de Pomologie Belge et Étrangère; publiées par la Commission

royale de Pomologie Instituée par S. M. le Roi des Belges. (_Illustré._)

8 Tomes. Bruxelles: 1853-1860.

Bailey, Ann. Hort.

Annals of Horticulture in North America for the Years 1889-1893. A

Witness of Passing Events and a Record of Progress. By L. H. Bailey. New

York: 1890-1894. Copyrights, 1889, 1891-1894.

Bailey, Cyc. Hort.

Cyclopedia of American Horticulture Comprising Suggestions for

Cultivation of Horticultural Plants, Descriptions of the Species of

Fruits, Vegetables, Flowers and Ornamental Plants Sold in the United

States and Canada, Together with Geographical and Biographical Sketches.

By L. H. Bailey, assisted by Wilhelm Miller. (_Illustrated._) In Four

Volumes. New York: 1900-1902. Copyrights, 1900-1902.

Bailey, Ev. Nat. Fruits

Sketch of the Evolution of our Native Fruits. By L. H. Bailey.

(_Illustrated._) New York: 1898. Copyright, 1898.

Bailey, Sur. Unlike

The Survival of the Unlike. A Collection of Evolution Essays Suggested

by the Study of Domestic Plants. By L. H. Bailey. (_Illustrated._) Fifth

Edition. New York: 1906. Copyright, 1896.

Baltet, Cult. Fr.

Traité de la Culture Fruitière Commerciale et Bourgeoise. Par Charles

Baltet. (_Illustré._) Quatrième Édition. Paris: 1908.

Barry, Fr. Garden

The Fruit Garden. By P. Barry. (_Illustrated._) New York: 1852.

Bradley, Gard.

New Improvements of Planting and Gardening, both Philosophical and

Practical. In three parts. By Richard Bradley. (_Illustrated._) Seventh

Edition with Appendix. London: 1739.

Bridgeman, Gard. Ass't

The Young Gardener's Assistant, in three parts. By Thomas Bridgeman. New

Edition, with an Appendix. New York: 1857. Copyright, 1847.

Brookshaw, Hort. Reposit.

The Horticultural Repository, containing Delineations of the best

Varieties of the Different Species of English Fruits. By George

Brookshaw. (_Illustrated._) In Two Volumes. London: 1823.

Budd-Hansen, Am. Hort. Man.

American Horticultural Manual. By J. L. Budd, assisted by N. E. Hansen.

(_Illustrated._) In Two Volumes. Volume 2, New York and London: 1903.

Bunyard-Thomas, Fr. Gard. The Fruit Garden.

By George Bunyard and Owen Thomas. (_Illustrated._) London and New York:

1904.

Can. Hort.

The Canadian Horticulturist. (_Illustrated._) Toronto and Peterboro:

1878 to date.

Cat. Cong. Pom. France

Société Pomologique de France Catalogue Descriptif des Fruits Adoptés

par le Congrès Pomologique. Lyon: 1887. Ibid.: 1906.

Christ, Handb.

Handbuch über die Obstbaumzucht und Obstlehre. Von J. L. Christ. Zweite

vermehrte. Frankfurt: 1797.

Christ, Obstbäume

Von Pflanzung und Wartung der nüzlichsten Obstbäume. Von J. L. Christ.

Zweiter Theil. Frankfurt: 1791.

Christ, Wörterb.

Pomologisches theoretisch-praktisches Handwörterbuch, oder

Alphabetisches Verzeichniss. Von J. L. Christ. Leipzig: 1802.

Cole, Am. Fr. Book

The American Fruit Book; containing directions for Raising, Propagating,

and Managing Fruit Trees, Shrubs, and Plants; with a description of the

Best Varieties of Fruit, including New and Valuable Kinds. By S. W.

Cole. (_Illustrated._) Boston: 1849. Copyright, 1849.

Country Gent.

The Country Gentleman. Albany: 1853-1865. The Cultivator & Country

Gentleman. Albany: 1866-1897. The Country Gentleman. Albany and

Philadelphia: 1898 to date.

Coxe, Cult. Fr. Trees

A View of the Cultivation of Fruit Trees, and the Management of Orchards

and Cider; with accurate descriptions of the most estimable varieties of

Native and Foreign Apples, Pears, Peaches, Plums, and Cherries,

cultivated in the middle states of America. By William Coxe.

(_Illustrated._) Philadelphia: 1817. Copyright, 1817.

Cultivator

The Cultivator. Albany: 1834-1865. In 1866 united with The Country

Gentleman.

Cult. & Count. Gent.

The Cultivator & Country Gentleman. See Country Gent.

Decaisne & Naudin, Man. Amat. Jard.

Manuel de L'Amateur Des Jardins Traité Général D'Horticulture. Par Jh.

Decaisne et CH. Naudin. (_Illustré._) Tome Quatrième. Paris.

De Candolle, Or. Cult. Plants

Origin of Cultivated Plants. By Alphonse de Candolle. Geneva

[Switzerland]: 1882. New York: 1885.

Dochnahl, Führ. Obstkunde

Der sichere Führer in der Obstkunde auf botanisch-pomologischen Wege

oder Systematische Breschreibung aller Obstsorten. Von F. J. Dochnahl.

Vier Bände. Nürnberg: 1855-60. Volume 3, 1858. Cherries.

Downing, Fr. Trees Am.

The Fruits and Fruit Trees of America: or the culture, propagation, and

management, in the garden and orchard, of fruit trees generally; with

Descriptions Of All The Finest Varieties Of Fruit, Native and Foreign,

Cultivated In This Country. By A. J. Downing. (_Illustrated._) New York

& London: 1845. Copyright, 1845. Second edition, same text, with colored

plates, 1847. First revision, by Charles Downing. New York: 1857.

First appendix, 1872. Second appendix, 1876. Third appendix, 1881.

Duhamel, Trait. Arb. Fr.

Traité Des Arbres Fruitiers; Contenant Leur Figure, Leur Description,

Leur Culture, &c. Par M. Duhamel Du Monceau. (_Illustré._) Tomes 1 et 2.

Paris: 1768. Édition publié en 1872, en trois tomes. Nouvelle Édition en

six tomes, 1807-1835.

Elliott, Fr. Book

Elliott's Fruit Book; or, the American Fruit-Grower's Guide in Orchard

and Garden. By F. R. Elliott. (_Illustrated._) New York: 1858.

Fish, Hardy-Fr. Bk.

The Hardy-Fruit Book. By D. T. Fish. (_Illustrated._) Two Volumes.

London: probably 1882.

Flor. & Pom.

The Florist And Pomologist: A Pictorial Monthly Magazine of Flowers,

Fruits, and General Horticulture. Conducted at first by Robert Hogg and

John Spencer, later by Thomas Moore and William Paul. (_Illustrated._)

London: 1862-1884.

Floy-Lindley, Guide Orch. Gard.

A Guide to the Orchard And Fruit Garden or an account of the Most

Valuable Fruits cultivated in Great Britain. By George Lindley; edited

by John Lindley. American edition by Michael Floy. New York: 1833. New

edition; with an Appendix. New York: 1846. Copyright, 1846.

Forsyth, Treat. Fr. Trees

A Treatise on the Culture and Management of Fruit Trees. By William

Forsyth. London: 1802. Same with an Introduction and Notes, by William

Corbett. Albany: 1803. Seventh edition [English] London: 1824.

Gard. Chron.

The Gardener's Chronicle. (_Illustrated._) London: 1841 to date.

Garden

The Garden. (_Illustrated._) London: 1872 to date.

Gard. Mon.

The Gardener's Monthly and Horticultural Advertiser. Edited by Thomas

Meehan. (_Illustrated._) Philadelphia: 1859-1887.

Gaucher, Pom. Prak. Obst.

Pomologie des Praktischen Obstbaumzüchters. Von N. Gaucher.

(_Illustrirt._) Stuttgart: 1894.

Gen. Farmer

The Genesee Farmer. Edited by Luther Tucker, Rochester: 1831-1839. Then

consolidated with the Cultivator. Another periodical of the same name

was published in Rochester from 1845 to 1865. Also New Genesee Farmer

and Monthly Genesee Farmer.

Gerarde, Herball

The Herball or Generall Historie of Plantes. By John Gerarde. Enlarged

and amended by Thomas Johnson. London: 1636.

Guide Prat.

Guide Pratique de L'Amateur De Fruits. Description Et Culture des

Variétiés De Fruits Classés Par Séries De Mérite composant les

collections pomologiques De L'Établissement Horticole Simon-Louis

Frères. A Plantières-Les-Metz (Lorraine Annexée) Suivi D'Une Table

Générale Alphabétique de tous les Synonymes connus, Francais et

Étrangers appartenent à chaque variété. Deuxième Édition. Paris et

Nancy: 1895.

Hoffy, N. Am. Pom.

Hoffy's North American Pomologist, containing numerous Finely Colored

Drawings, accompanied by letter press descriptions, &c., of Fruits of

American Origin. Edited by William D. Brincklé. Book No. 1.

Philadelphia: 1860. Copyright, 1860.

Hoffy, Orch. Com.

The Orchardist's Companion. Alfred Hoffy, Editor and Publisher. A

quarterly journal. Vol. I, 1841-2; Vol. II, 1842-3. Philadelphia.

Hogg, Fruit Man.

The Fruit Manual: A Guide to the Fruits and Fruit Trees of Great

Britain. By Robert Hogg. First edition, London: 1860. Second edition,

1861. Third edition, 1866. Fourth edition, 1873. Fifth edition, 1884.

Hooper, W. Fr. Book

Hooper's Western Fruit Book: a compendious Collection of Facts from the

Notes and Experience of Successful Fruit Culturists, arranged for

practical use in The Orchard and Garden. By E. J. Hooper. Cincinnati:

1857. Copyright, 1857.

Hort. Reg. (Am.)

Horticultural Register and Gardener's Magazine. Edited by T. G.

Fessenden and J. E. Teschemacher. Volume I. Boston: 1835.

Hort. Reg. (Eng.)

The Horticultural Register and General Magazine. By Joseph Paxton and

Joseph Harrison. Vol. I. London: 1833.

Horticulturist

The Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste. Founded and

first edited by A. J. Downing. (_Illustrated._) Volumes 1 to 30. Albany,

Philadelphia and New York: 1846-1875.

Hovey, Fr. Am.

The Fruits of America, containing Richly Colored Figures, and full

Descriptions of all the choicest Varieties cultivated in the United

States. By C. M. Hovey. Volume I. Boston and New York: 1852. Volume II.

Boston: 1856. Copyright, 1851.

Ill. Handb.

Illustrirtes Handbuch der Obstkunde, unter Mitwirkung mehrerer

herausgegeben von ... F. Jahn ... Ed. Lucas und ... J. G. C. Oberdieck.

Siebente Leiferung. Dritten Bandes. Stuttgart: 1860; Neunte Lieferung.

Dritten Bandes. Stuttgart: 1861; Sechszehnte Lieferung. Sechsten Bandes.

Ravensburg: 1867.

Jour. Hort.

The Journal of Horticulture began as: The Cottage Gardener; or Amateur's

and Cottager's Guide to out-door gardening and spade cultivation. 25

Volumes. London: 1849-1861. Continued as The Journal of Horticulture,

Cottage Gardener, and Country Gentleman. A Journal of Horticulture,

Rural and Domestic Economy, Botany and Natural History. New Series. 38

Volumes. London: 1861-1880. Continued as The Journal of Horticulture,

Cottage Gardener, and Home Farmer. A Chronicle of Country Pursuits and

Country Life, including Poultry, Pigeon, and Bee-keeping. Third Series.

59 Volumes. London: 1880-1909.

Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc.

The Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society. London: 1846 to date.

Vols. 1-9, 1846-55, bear the title of The Journal of the Horticultural

Society of London.

Kenrick, Am. Orch.

The New American Orchardist. By William Kenrick. Boston: 1833.

edition, enlarged and improved, with a supplement. Boston: 1845.

Knoop, Fructologie

Part I. Pomologie, ou Description des meilleures sortes de Pommes et de

Poires. Part II. Fructologie, ou Description des Arbres Fruitiers. Par

Jean Herman Knoop. (_Illustré._) Amsterdam: 1771.

Koch, Deut. Obst.

Die Deutschen Obstgehölze. Vorlesungen gehalten zu Berlin im

Winterhalbjahr 1875-76. Von Karl Koch. Stuttgart: 1876.

Kraft, Pom. Aust.

Pomona austriaca, Abhandlung von den Obstbäumen. Von Johann Kraft. 2

Theile. Vienna: 1792.

Krünitz, Enc.

Ausschnitt aus Krünitz' Encyklopädie. 1790. Cherries.

Lange, Allgem. Garten.

Allgemeines Gartenbuch. Von Theodore Lange. 2 Bände. Zweite vermehrte.

Leipsic: 1897.

Langley, Pomona

Pomona, or the Fruit Garden Illustrated. By Batty Langley. London: 1729.

Lauche, Deut. Pom.

Deutsche Pomologie. Von W. Lauche. (_Illustrirt._) Berlin: 1882.

Lauche, Ergänzungsband

Erster Ergänzungsband zu Lucas' und Oberdieck's Illustrirtes Handbuch

der Obstkunde. Von W. Lauche. Berlin: 1883.

Le Bon Jard.

Le Bon Jardinier. 126^e Édition Almanach Horticole, 1882 et 129^e

Édition, 1884. Paris.

Leroy, Diet. Pom.

Dictionnaire de Pomologie. Par André Leroy. (_Illustré._) 6 Tomes.

Paris: 1867-1879. Tome 5, 1877. Cherries.

Liegel, Syst. Anleit.

Systematische Anleitung zur Kenntniss der vorzüglichsten Sorten des

Kern-, Stein-, Schalen- und Beerenobster. Von Georg Liegel. Passau:

1825.

Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat.

A Catalogue of the Fruits Cultivated in the Garden of the Horticultural

Society of London. London: 1826. Second edition, 1831. Third edition,

1842. A supplement was published in 1853.

Loudon, Arb. Frut. Brit.

Arboretum, et Fruticetum Britannicum. Par J. C. Loudon. Deuxième

Édition. Tome 2. London: 1844.

Loudon's, Enc. Gard.

An Encyclopedia Of Gardening. By J. C. Loudon. (_Illustrated._) New

edition. London: 1834.

Lucas, Handb. Obst.

Vollständiges Handbuch der Obstkultur. Von Ed. Lucas. (_Illustrirt._)

Stuttgart: First edition, 1880; second edition, 1886; third edition,

1893. Third edition edited by Fr. Lucas, 1894.

Mag. Hort.

The Magazine of Horticulture. Boston: 1837-1868. First published as The

American Gardener's Magazine, 1835-6. Edited by C. M. Hovey with P. B.

Hovey, Jr., associate editor during 1835-6.

Manning, Book of Fruits

Book of Fruits. By Robert Manning. (_Illustrated._) Salem: 1838.

Mas, Le Verger

Le Verger ou Histoire, Culture Et Description avec planches coloriées

Des Variétés De Fruits Les Plus Généralement Connues. Par M. Mas. 8

Tomes. Paris: 1866-73. Tome 8. Cherries.

Mas, Pom. Gen.

Pomologie Générale. Par. M. Mas. (_Illustré._) 12 Tomes. Paris: 1872-83.

Tome 11, 1882. Cherries.

Mathieu, Nom. Pom.

Nomenclator Pomologicus. Von Carl Mathieu. Berlin: 1889.

Mawe-Abercrombie, Com. Gard.

The Complete Gardener. By Thomas Mawe and John Abercrombie. London:

1829.

Mawe-Abercrombie, Univ. Gard. Bot.

The Universal Gardener and Botanist. By Thomas Mawe and John

Abercrombie. London: 1778.

Miller, Gard. Dict.

The Gardener's Dictionary. By Philip Miller. 2 Volumes. London: 1754.

Revised edition. By Thomas Martyn London: 1807.

Miller, Gard. Kal.

The Gardener's Kalendar. By Philip Miller. London: 1734.

McIntosh, Bk. Gard.

The Book of the Garden. By Charles Mcintosh. (_Illustrated._) Two

Volumes. London: 1855.

McMahon, Am. Gard. Cal.

The American Gardener's Calendar. By Bernard McMahon. Philadelphia:

1806.

Mortillet, Le Cerisier

Arboriculture Fruitière. Les Meilleurs Fruits. Par M. P. De Mortillet.

(_Illustré._) Tome II. Le Cerisier. Grenoble: 1866.

Nat. Nur.

The National Nurseryman. Published by The National Nurseryman Publishing

Co. (_Illustrated._) Rochester: 1893 to date.

Nicholson, Dict. Gard.

The Illustrated Dictionary of Gardening, a practical and scientific

Encyclopedia of Horticulture for Gardeners and Botanists. By George

Nicholson, assisted by J. W. H. Trail and J. Garrett. 4 Volumes. London.

Supplement to same. By George Nicholson et al. London: 1900.

Noisette, Man. Comp. Jard.

Manuel Complet du Jardinier. Par M. Louis Noisette. Tome Deuxième.

Paris: 1860.

Oberdieck, Obst-Sort.

Deutschlands beste Obst-Sorten. Von F. G. C. Oberdieck. Leipzig: 1881.

Obstzüchter

Der Obstzüchter Zeitschrift für die Gesamtinteressen des Obstbanes.

References in Volume VIII, Numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 10. Vienna: 1910.

Parkinson, Par. Ter.

Paradisi in Sole. Paradisus Terrestris. By John Parkinson.

(_Illustrated._) London: 1629.

Phillips, Com. Orch.

The Companion for the Orchard. An Historical And Botanical Account of

Fruits Known In Great Britain. By Henry Phillips. New Edition. London:

1831.

Poiteau, Pom. Franc.

Pomologie Francaise. Recueil des Plus Beaux Fruits Cultivés En France.

Par Antoine Poiteau. Tomes 1-4. Paris: 1846.

Pom. France

Pomologie De La France ou Histoire Et Description de tous Les Fruits

Cultivés En France Et Admis Par Le Congrès Pomologique. (_Illustré._)

Tomes I-VIII. Lyon: 1863-1873. Tome VII, 1871. Cherries.

Pom. Inst. Reut.

Pomologisches Institut Reutlingen. Reutlingen: 1911-1912.

Pom. Mag.

The Pomological Magazine; or, Figures And Descriptions of the Most

Important Varieties Of Fruit cultivated in Great Britain. Three Volumes.

London: 1828-30. This work has also been published under the title

Pomona Brittanica.

Popular Gard.

Popular Gardening. An Illustrated periodical devoted to Horticulture in

all its branches. Volume I. Buffalo: 1886. Continued as Popular

Gardening and Fruit Growing. Volumes II-VI. Buffalo: 1887-1891.

Consolidated with The American Garden and continued as American

Gardening. New York: 1892-1904.

Prince, Pom. Man.

The Pomological Manual; or, A Treatise on Fruits. By William Robert

Prince, aided by William Prince. Second Edition. Part I. New York: 1832.

Prince, Treat. Hort.

A Short Treatise on Horticulture. By William Prince. New York: 1828.

Prince, Treat. Trees & Plants

A Treatise on Fruit and Ornamental Trees And Plants, cultivated at the

Linnæan Botanic Garden, Flushing, Long-Island, near New-York. By William

Prince. New York: 1820.

Proskauer Obstsort.

Proskauer Obstsorten. Von Professor Dr. Stoll. Proskau bei Oppeln: 1907.

Quintinye, Com. Gard.

The Compleat Gard'ner; or, Directions for Cultivating and Right Ordering

of Fruit-Gardens, and Kitchen-Gardens. By Monsieur De la Quintinye.

Second Edition. London: 1699.

Ray, Hist. Plant.

Historia Plantarum. By John Ray. Second volume. London: 1688.

Rea, Flora

Flora: Seu, De Florum Cultura; or A Complete Florilege. By John Rea. 3

Books. London: 1676. Book 3. Cherries.

Reut. Pom. Inst. Festschrift

Festschrift zum Fünfzigjährigen Bestehen des Pomologischen Instituts

In Reutlingen. Reutlingen: 1910.

Rev. Hort.

Revue Horticole. Journal D'Horticulture Pratique. (_Illustré._) Paris:

1829 to date.

Rural N. Y.

The Rural New-Yorker. A Journal for the Suburban and Country Home.

(_Illustrated._) Rochester and New York: 1850 to date.

Soc. Nat. Hort. France Pom.

Société Nationale D'Horticulture De France. Section Pomologique. Les

Meilleurs Fruits au début du XX^e siècle. (_Illustré._) Paris: 1904.

Sou. Cult.

The Southern Cultivator. A Monthly Journal, devoted to the improvement

of Southern Agriculture. (_Illustrated._) Augusta, Ga.: 1843-1848.

Thacher, Am. Orch.

The American Orchardist. By James Thacher. Boston: 1822. Copyright,

1822.

Thomas, Am. Fruit Cult.

The American Fruit Culturist. By John J. Thomas. (_Illustrated._) First

Edition. Geneva and Auburn, N. Y.: 1846. Copyright, 1846. Revised

Edition. Auburn, N. Y.: 1851. Copyright, 1849. Revised Edition. New

York: 1869. Copyright, 1867. Revised Edition. New York: 1885. Copyright,

1875-1885. Twentieth Edition, Revised and Enlarged. New York: 1897.

1911. Copyright, 1903.

Thomas, Guide Prat.

Guide Pratique de L'Amateur de Fruits. Par O. Thomas. 1876. Deuxième

Édition. 1895. See Guide Pratique.

Thompson, Gard. Ass't.

The Gardener's Assistant; Practical and Scientific. By Robert Thompson.

(_Illustrated._) Two Volumes. London. 1859. Same, revised by William

Watson. Six Volumes. London: 1901.

Truchsess-Heim, Kirschensort

Systematische Classification und Beschreibung der Kirschensorten. Von

Christian Freiherrn Truchsess. Edited by Friedrich Timotheus Heim.

Stuttgart: 1819.

U. S. D. A. Rpt.

Reports of the United States Department of Agriculture: 1862-1894.

U. S. D. A. Yearbook

Reports of the United States Department of Agriculture: 1894 to date.

U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt.

Reports of the Agricultural section of the United States Patent Office:

1837 to 1861.

Wickson, Cal. Fruits

The California Fruits and How To Grow Them. By Edward J. Wickson.

(_Illustrated._) Second Edition. San Francisco: 1891. Copyright, 1889.

Fourth Edition. Los Angeles: 1909. Copyright, 1908. Seventh Edition. San

Francisco: 1914. Copyright, 1914.

Willich, Dom. Enc.

Domestic Encyclopedia or a Dictionary of Facts. By A. F. M. Willich.

First American edition with additions by James Mease. In five volumes.

Volume 4. Philadelphia: 1803.

INDEX

(Names of varieties in this index, if accepted names, appear in Roman

type; synonyms in italics.)

À Coeur Hâtive, 205

A Feuilles de Pêcher Grosse, 205

Abbesse, 205

Abbesse d'Oignies, 97

Abels Schwarze Knorpelkirsche, 205

Abundance, 205

_Ächer's Weichsel_ (syn. of Griotte Acher), 262

_Ächte (sein sollende) Kirsche Vier auf ein Pfund_ (syn. of

Tobacco-Leaved), 326

Act Gillos, 205

_Adam_ (syn. of Adams Crown), 205

Adams, var. orig. with, 205

Adams Crown, 205

_Adams Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Adams Crown), 205

Adlington, 205

_Admirable de Soissons_ (syn. of Cerise de Soissons), 233

_Advance_ (syn. of California Advance), 113

Affane, 205

Afghanistan, 205

_Agathe_ (syn. of Hildesheim), 143

_Agatkirscke_ (syn. of Dankelmannskirsche), 240

Alaternblättrige Süssweichsel, 206

Albertine Millet, 206

Alexandrine Béon, 206

Alfred Wesmael, 206

_All Saints_ (syn. of Toussaint), 193

Allen, 206

Allen, J. F., var. orig. by, 324

Allen, Zachariah, var. orig. with, 206, 311

Allen Late Favourite, 206

_Allen's Sweet Montmorency_ (syn. of Sweet Montmorency), 324

Allerfrüheste Bunte Maiherzkirsche, 206

Alte Königskirsche, 206

Altenlander Frühkirsche, 206

Amaranthkirsche, 206

_Amarell-Weichsel_ (syn. of Early May), 128

_Amarelle à point pistillaire blanc_ (syn. of Amarelle mit Weissem

Stempelpunct), 207

_Amarelle Boquet_ (syn. of Boquet Morello), 223

_Amarelle de la Madleine_ (syn. of Madeleine), 294

_Amarelle Double de Verre_ (syn. of Double Glass), 122

Amarelle Hâtive, 207

_Amarelle mit halbgefüllter Blüthe_ (syn. of Fleurs Semi-doubles), 253

Amarelle mit Weissem Stempelpunct, 207

_Amarelle Royale_ (syn. of Montmorency), 169

_Amarelle très-fertile_ (syn. of Cerisier Très-fertile), 234

_Amarellenbaum mit ganz gefüllter Blüte_ (syn. of Fleurs Doubles), 252

Amber, 207

_Amber_ (syn. of Amber Gean), 207

Amber Gean, 207

_Amber Heart_ (syn. of White Heart), 197

Ambrée de Guben, 207

American Amber, 208

_American Doctor_ (syn. of Doctor), 242

American Heart, 208

Amos Owen, 208

Amygdalus, sub-genus of Prunus, 15

_Amygdalus indica nana_ (syn. of _P. glandulosa trichostyla sinensis_),

_Amygdalus pumila_ (syn. of _P. glandulosa_), 21;

(syn. of _P. japonica kerii_), 22

Andrews, 208

Andrews, C. N., var. orig. with, 208

_Anglaise Hâtive_ (syn. of May Duke), 164;

(syn. of Royal Duke), 184

_Anglaise Tardive_ (syn. of Late Duke), 155

Anne, 208

Annonay, 208

_Annonayer Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Annonay), 208

Anstad, 208

Anstad, A. P., var. orig. by, 208

Antonie, var. introduced by, 213

Appalachian cherry, botanical name of, 35

Arch Duke, 98

Argental Late, 209

Atwater, Caleb, var. orig. with, 249

Auburn Duke, 209

August Duke, 209

Augustine de Vigny, 209

Aurischotte, 209

Austen, R. A., quoted, 68

_Badacconyi_ (syn. of Badacsony), 209

_Badacsoner Riesenkirsche_ (syn. of Badacsony), 209

_Badacsoner Schwarze Riesenkirsche_ (syn. of Badacsony), 209

Badacsony, 209

_Badacsonyer Knorpelkirsche_ (syn. of Badacsony), 209

Baender, 210

Baldwin, 100

Baldwin, S. J., var. orig. by, 100

_Baltavaer Knorpelkirsche_ (syn. of Baltavar), 210

Baltavar, 210

_Baltavari_ (syn. of Baltavar), 210

Baluder Morello, 210

Barnhart, 210

Barry, quoted, 70-71

Baseler Herzkirsche, 210

Bates, 210

Bates, S. J., var. orig. with, 210

Baumann May, 100

Bay State, 210

Baylor, 211

_Beauty of Marienhohe_ (syn. of Schöne von Marienhohe), 317

_Beauty of Orleans_ (syn. of Belle d'Orleans), 212

Bedford, A.V., var. introduced by, 208

Bedford Prolific, 211

_Belle Agathe_ (syn. of Hildesheim), 144

_Belle Agathe de Novembre_ (syn. of Hildesheim), 143

_Belle Allemande_ (syn. of Bettenburger Glaskirsche), 213

Belle Audigeoise, 211

Belle Bosc, 211

Belle de Boskoop, 211

_Belle Brugeoise Saint-Pierre_ (syn. of Schöne von Brügge), 317

_Belle de Bruxelles_ (syn. of Belle d'Orleans), 212

Belle de Caux, 211

_Belle de Chatenay_ (syn. of Magnifique), 163

_Belle de Choisy_ (syn. of Choisy), 116

Belle de Couchey, 211

Belle Defay, 211

Belle de Franconville, 211

_Belle glorie de Marie_ (syn. of Schöne von Marienhohe), 317

_Belle grosse d'Ardèche_ (syn. of Cerise de l'Ardèche), 230

Belle l'Herissier, 211

Belle de Kis-Oers, 212

Belle de Loche, 212

Belle Magnifique (syn. of Magnifique), 163

_Belle de Magnifique_ (syn. of Magnifique), 163

_Belle et Magnifique_ (syn. of Magnifique), 163

_Belle de Marienhöhe_ (syn. of Schöne von Marienhohe), 317

_Belle de Montreuil_ (syn. of Montreuil), 298

Belle d'Orleans, 212

Belle de Ribeaucourt, 212

Belle de Rochelle, 212

Belle de Rocmont, 212

Belle de Saint Tronc, 213

_Belle de Sauvigny_ (syn. of Montmorency de Sauvigny), 298

_Belle de Varennes_ (syn. of Cerisier de Varenne), 234

Belle Vezzouris, 213

Belle de Voisery, 213

_Belle de Worsery_ (syn. of Royal Duke), 184

Bender, var. orig. with, 213

Bender, J.O., var. orig. with, 213

Bender (of Michigan), 213

Bender (of New York), 213

Berger, Staquet, var. orig. by, 231

Berlin Amarelle, 213

Bernard, 213

Bessarabian, 101

Bessey's Cherry, botanical name of, 37

Bettenburger Glaskirsche, 213

Bettenburger Herzkirsche, 214

Bettenburger Kirsche von der Natte, 214

_Bettenburger Schwarze Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Bettenburger Herzkirsche),

214

Bettenburger Weichsel, 214

_Bettenburger Weichsel Grosser Gobet_ (syn. of Bettenburger Weichsel),

214

_Bettenburger Weichsel von der Natte_ (syn. of Bettenburger Weichsel),

214

_Bicentenaireweichsel_ (syn. of Cerise du Bicentenaire), 231

_Bicolor_ (syn. of Zweifarbige Kirsche), 336

Bicolor Van Mons, 214

_Bigarreau_ (syn. of Yellow Spanish), 202

Bigarreau Abbesse de Mouland, 214

_Bigarreau Ambré Précoce_ (syn. of Early Amber), 247

Bigarreau Antoine Nomblot, 214

_Bigarreau Baumann_ (syn. of Baumann May), 100

_Bigarreau Bauté de l'Ohio_ (syn. of Ohio Beauty), 302

_Bigarreau belle de Rocmond_ (syn. of Belle de Rocmont), 212

_Bigarreau blanc de Groll_ (syn. of Bigarreau Groll), 217

_Bigarreau Blanc_ (Petit) (syn. of Flamentine), 252

Bigarreau Blanc Précoce, 215

Bigarreau Blanc-Rosé de Piémont, 215

Bigarreau Bordan, 215

Bigarreau de Bourget, 215

Bigarreau Brun, 215

_Bigarreau Brun Kleindienst_ (syn. of Kleindienst Braune Knorpel), 282

Bigarreau de Capucins, 215

Bigarreau de la Caserne, 215

Bigarreau Cayenne, 215

Bigarreau de Châlons, 215

Bigarreau de Champvans, 216

_Bigarreau Commun_ (syn. of Yellow Spanish), 202

Bigarreau Corniola, 216

Bigarreau Court Picout Hâtif, 216

Bigarreau Court Picout Tardif, 216

Bigarreau Dönnissen, 216

Bigarreau Doré, 216

Bigarreau Double Royale, 216

Bigarreau Dur, 216

Bigarreau Duranno, 217

_Bigarreau Empereur-Francois_ (syn. of Emperor Francis), 249

_Bigarreau d'Esperen_ (syn. of Napoleon), 172

_Bigarreau de Fer_ (syn. of Hildesheim), 144

_Bigarreau à Feuilles de Tabac_ (syn. of Tobacco-Leaved), 326

_Bigarreau de Florence_ (syn. of Florence), 140

Bigarreau Galopin, 217

Bigarreau Glady, 217

_Bigarreau (Golden)_ (syn. of Drogan Yellow Bigarreau), 245

Bigarreau Grand, 217

Bigarreau Groll, 217

_Bigarreau Gros Coeuret_ (syn. of Large Heart-shaped Bigarreau), 288;

(syn. of Napoleon), 172

_Bigarreau Gros Commun_ (syn. of Ox Heart), 178

_Bigarreau à Gros Fruit Rouge_ (syn. of Red Bigarreau), 309

_Bigarreau à gros Fruit Rouge Tardif_ (syn. of Large Late Red

Bigarreau), 288

_Bigarreau Gros Monstrueux_ (syn. of Large Heart-shaped Bigarreau),

288

Bigarreau Gros Noir de Luther, 217

_Bigarreau Grosse Gomballoise_ (syn. of Grosse Gomballoise), 265

_Bigarreau Hâtif_ (syn. of Black Bigarreau), 222

_Bigarreau Hâtif Boulbon_ (syn. of Boulebonner Kirsche), 224

Bigarreau Hâtif de Champagne, 217

Bigarreau Hâtif de Saint-Laud, 217

_Bigarreau de Hedelfingen_ (syn. of Hedelfingen), 274

_Bigarreau de Hildesheim_ (syn. of Hildesheim), 144

Bigarreau d'Italie, 218

_Bigarreau Jaboulay_ (syn. of Lyons), 161

Bigarreau Jacquet, 218

_Bigarreau jaune_ (syn. of Dankelmannskirsche), 240

_Bigarreau jaune de Dönissen_ (syn. of Bigarreau Dönnissen), 216

_Bigarreau jaune de Groth_ (syn. of Groth Gelbe Knorpelkirsche), 268

Bigarreau Jumard, 218

_Bigarreau de Kronberg_ (syn. of Kronberger Kirsche), 285

Bigarreau Krüger, 218

Bigarreau Legrey, 218

_Bigarreau de Loire_ (syn. of Bigarreau de Lory), 218

_Bigarreau à Longue Queue_ (syn. of Dunkelrothe Knorpelkirsche), 246

Bigarreau de Lory, 218

_Bigarreau de Lyon_ (syn. of Lyons), 161

_Bigarreau Marjeollais_ (syn. of Bigarreau Marjolet), 218

Bigarreau Marjolet, 218

_Bigarreau of Mezel_ (syn. of Mezel), 167

Bigarreau Mongin, 218

Bigarreau Monstreuse de Bavay, 219

_Bigarreau monstreux de Baltava_ (syn. of Baltavar), 210

_Bigarreau Monstrueux_ (syn. of Mezel), 167

Bigarreau Moreau, 219

_Bigarreau de Naples_ (syn. of Naples), 300

Bigarreau Napoléon Noir, 219

_Bigarreau Noir Büttner_ (syn. of Büttner Schwarze Herzkirsche), 299

_Bigarreau-noir à chair très-ferme_ (syn. of Festfleischige Schwarze

Knorpelkirsche), 251

Bigarreau Noir d'Ecully, 219

_Bigarreau Noir d'Espagne_ (syn. of Black Heart), 106

_Bigarreau noir d'Espagne_ (syn. of Black Spanish), 223

_Bigarreau noir de Germersdorf_ (syn. of Germersdorf), 259

Bigarreau Noir à Gros Fruits, 219

_Bigarreau noir de Guben_ (syn. of Guben), 268

_Bigarreau noir Hâtif_ (syn. of Black Bigarreau), 222

Bigarreau Noir de Heintzen, 219

_Bigarreau-noir de Knight_ (syn. of Knight Late Black), 283

_Bigarreau noir de Krüger_ (syn. of Bigarreau Krüger), 218

_Bigarreau noir de Lampé_ (syn. of Lampen Schwarze Knorpelkirsche), 287

_Bigarreau Noir Napoléon III_ (syn. of Bigarreau Napoléon Noir), 219

_Bigarreau noir de Savoie_ (syn. of Black Bigarreau of Savoy), 222

Bigarreau Noir de Tabor, 219

_Bigarreau noir de Tilgner_ (syn. of Tilgner Schwarze Knorpelkirsche),

326

_Bigarreau noir Winkler_ (syn. of Winkler Black), 335

_Bigarreau noire de Spitz_ (syn. of Spitzens Herzkirsche), 322

Bigarreau d'Octobre, 219

Bigarreau de l'Once, 220

Bigarreau Pélissier, 102

_Bigarreau à petit fruit blanc_ (syn. of Flamentine), 252

_Bigarreau à petit fruit rouge hâtif_ (syn. of Kleine Bunte Frühkirsche),

282

_Bigarreau pleureur_ (syn. of Weeping Black Bigarreau), 331

_Bigarreau Ponctué_ (syn. of Punktirte Marmorkirsche), 309

Bigarreau Pourpré, 220

_Bigarreau Prince Royal de Hanovre_ (syn. of Kronprinz von Hannover),

285

Bigarreau Printanier d'Oullins, 220

Bigarreau Reverchon, 220

Bigarreau Richelieu, 220

_Bigarreau Rival_ (syn. of Rival), 311

_Bigarreau de Rocmont_ (syn. of Belle de Rocmont), 212

Bigarreau Rosa, 220

Bigarreau Rose Dragon, 220

_Bigarreau rouge de Büttner_ (syn. of Büttner Rothe Knorpelkirsche),

228

_Bigarreau Rouge Foncé_ (syn. of Dunkelrothe Knorpelkirsche), 246

_Bigarreau Rouge de Guben_ (syn. of Early Red Bigarreau), 248

_Bigarreau rouge hâtif (petit)_ (syn. of Kleine Bunte Frühkirsche),

282

_Bigarreau Rouge Tardif de Büttner_ (syn. of Büttner Späte Rothe

Knorpelkirsche), 229

_Bigarreau rouge de Tilgener_ (syn. of Tilgner Rothe Herzkirsche), 326

_Bigarreau de Sauvigny_ (syn. of Sauvigny Knorpelkirsche), 315

_Bigarreau de Schleihahn_ (syn. of Schleihahn Sweet), 316

Bigarreau de Schrecken, 220

Bigarreau Strié, 221

_Bigarreau Tardif Büttner_ (syn. of Büttner Späte Weichsel), 229

_Bigarreau Tardif de Hildesheim_ (syn. of Hildesheim), 143

_Bigarreau Tardif de Ladé_ (syn. of Ladé Late), 286

_Bigarreau Tardif de Lieke_ (syn. of Lieke Bunte Knorpelkirsche), 291

_Bigarreau-tardif de Meiningen_ (syn. of Meininger Späte

Knorpelkirsche), 297

_Bigarreau Toupie_ (syn. of Toupie), 327

Bigarreau de Trie, 221

Bigarreau à Trochets, 221

Bigarreau Turca, 221

_Bigarreau Violet_ (syn. of Dunkelrothe Knorpelkirsche), 246

Bigarreau de Walpurgis, 221

_Bigarreau Werder_ (syn. of Werder Early Black), 332

Bigarreau de Zeisberg, 221

Bigarreau Zschedowitzer Schwarze, 221

_Bigarreautier à fruit jaune_ (syn. of Dankelmannskirsche), 240

_Bigarreautier à grandes feuilles_ (syn. of Tobacco-Leaved), 326

_Bigarreautier de Naples_ (syn. of Neapolitanische Molkenkirsche), 300

_Bigarreautier à petit fruit hâtif_ (syn. of Flamentine), 252

Bigarreautier à Petit Fruit Noir, 221

Bigarreautier à Petit Fruit Rose, 222

_Bigarreautier à petit fruit rouge_ (syn. of Kleine Bunte

Frühkirsche), 282

_Bigarreautier à rameaux pendants_ (syn. of Thränen

Muskatellerkirsche), 326

_Biguarre Cherrie_ (syn. of Yellow Spanish), 202

Bill and Coo, 222

Bing, 103

Bismarck, 222

Black, J. H., var. orig. with, 306

Black American, 222

Black Bigarreau, 222

_Black Bigarreau_ (syn. of Manning Late Black), 295

Black Bigarreau of Savoy, 222

_Black Bohemian_ (syn. of Bigarreau d'Italie), 218

_Black Eagle_ (syn. of Eagle), 126

Black Guigne, 104

Black Hawk, 105

Black Heart, 105

Black Hungarian Gean, 222

Black Margaret, 223

_Black Mastodon_ (syn. of Mastodon), 296

Black Prolific, 223

_Black Republican_ (syn. of Republican), 181

Black Spanish, 223

Black Tartarian, 107

Black Turkey Heart, 223

Blasse Johanni Kirsche, 223

Bleeding Heart, 108

_Bleichrothe Glaskirsche_ (syn. of Cerise Rouge Pale), 233

_Bloem-kers double_ (syn. of Fleurs Doubles), 252;

(syn. of Fleurs Semi-doubles), 253

Bloodgood, Daniel, var. orig. by, 208

_Blutherzkirsche_ (syn. of Bleeding Heart), 109

_Blutrothe Molkenkirsche_ (syn. of Bleeding Heart), 109

Bocage, 223

_Bohemian Black Bigarreau_ (syn. of Bigarreau d'Italie), 218

Bohemian Queen, 223

Bon Bon, 223

Bonamy, var. orig. with, 293

Bonnemain, Auguste, var. orig. by, 260

_Bonnemain_ (syn. of Gloire de France), 260

Book, 223

Boppard, 223

_Bopparder Frühkirsche_ (syn. of Boppard), 223

_Boppard's Early_ (syn. of Boppard), 223

Boquet Morello, 223

Boreatton, 224

Bordan, var. orig. by, 215

_Bordans frühe weisse Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Bigarreau Bordan), 215

_Bordans Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Bigarreau Bordan), 215

Bostock, quoted, 45

Boughton Early Black Duke, 224

Boulebonner Kirsche, 224

Bount Dantzic, 224

Bouquet-Herzkirsche, 224

Bouquetweichsel, 224

Bourgueil, 109

Boussieuer Knorpelkirsche, 224

Bowers, John, var. orig. by, 224

Bowers' Seedlings, 224

Boyd Early Black, 225

_Boyer's Early_ (syn. of Bowyer Early Heart), 225

Bowyer Early Heart, 225

Brandon, 225

Brandywine, 225

Brant, 225

Brassington, 225

_Braunauer Amarelle_ (syn. of Braunauer Glaskirsche), 225

Braunauer Glaskirsche, 225

_Braune rothe Sauerkirsche_ (syn. of Braunrote weichsel), 226

Braune Soodkirsche, 226

_Braune Spanische Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Braune Spanische Kirsche),

226

Braune Spanische Kirsche, 226

Braunrote Weichsel, 226

Bretonneau, Pierre, var. orig. with, 110, 246, 305

Briggs, J. A., var. orig. by, 226

Briggs Sweet, 226

Brinckle, John R., var. orig. by, 225

Brindilles, 226

Brown Best, 226

Brown Seedlings, 226

Bruce, quoted, 61-62

Brusseler Braune, 110

_Brüsselsche Bruyn_ (syn. of Brusseler Braune), 110

Buckatzsch Weisse Herzkirsche, 227

Buckatzsch Weisse Knorpelkirsche, 227

Budd, J. L., quoted, 74;

var. introduced by, 97, 102, 111, 123, 129, 143, 147, 158, 160, 188,

195, 207, 224, 227, 232, 243, 254, 263, 275, 280, 281, 297, 303, 312,

318, 319, 322, 330, 336

Budd, No. 533, 227

Buffalo, 227

Bunte Amarelle, 112

Bunte Morello, 227

Burbank, 227

Burbank, Luther, var. orig. by, 205, 227, 259

_Burbank Early_ (syn. of Burbank), 227

Burchardt, var. orig. by, 227

Burchardts Schwarze Rosenobel, 227

Burghley Park, 227

Burr, 228

Burr, Zera, var. orig. with, 228

Büttner, var. orig. by, 228, 229

Büttner Gelbe Knorpelkirsche, 228

Büttner Rothe Herzkirsche, 228

Büttner Rothe Knorpelkirsche, 228

Büttner Schwarze Herzkirsche, 228

Büttner Schwarze Sauerkirsche, 229

Büttner Späte Rothe Knorpelkirsche, 229

Büttner Späte Weichsel, 229

_Büttner's harte Marmorkirsche_ (syn. of Büttner Späte Rothe

Knorpelkirsche), 229

_Büttner's Late Red_ (syn. of Büttner Späte Rothe Knorpelkirsche),

229

_Büttner's October_ (syn. of Büttner Späte Weichsel), 229

_Büttner's October Morello_ (syn. of Büttner Späte Weichsel), 229

_Büttner's October Zucker Weichsel_ (syn. of Büttner Späte Weichsel),

229

_Büttner's rothe Marmorkirsche_ (syn. of Büttner Rothe

Knorpelkirsche), 228

_Büttner's rothe Molkenkirsche_ (syn. of Büttner Rothe Herzkirsche),

228

_Büttner's schwarze neue Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Büttner Schwarze

Herzkirsche), 229

_Büttner's schwarze neue Sauerkirsche_ (syn. of Büttner Schwarze

Sauerkirsche), 229

_Büttner's Sehrspäte_ (syn. of Büttner Späte Weichsel), 229

_Büttner's September und Octoberweichsel_ (syn. of Büttner Späte

Weichsel), 229

_Büttner's Yellow_ (syn. of Büttner Gelbe Knorpelkirsche), 228

Byrnville, 230

California Advance, 113

Cameleon, 230

Cardinalskirsche, 230

Carmine Stripe, 230

Carnation, 114

Caroline, 230

Catskill, 230

_Cayenner Knorpelkirsche_ (syn. of Bigarreau Cayenne), 215

Centennial, 115

_Ceraseidos apetala_ (syn. of _P. apetala_), 21;

(syn. of _P. incisa_), 20

Cerasus, group name of, 2;

sub-genus of Prunus, 15

_Cerasus acida_ (syn. of _P. Cerasus_), 24

_Cerasus asplenifolia_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus austera_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 24

_Cerasus Avium_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus bigarella_, 30;

(syn. of _P. cerasus_), 25

_Cerasus bigarella regalis_, 31

_Cerasus Bungei_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 25

_Cerasus californica_ (syn. of _P. emarginata_), 16

_Cerasus Caproniana_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 24

_Cerasus caproniana flore roseo pleno_ (syn. of _P. serrulata

hisakura_), 18

_Cerasus cucullata_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 25

_Cerasus decumana_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus depressa_ (syn. of _P. pumila_), 34

_Cerasus donarium_ (syn. of _P. serrulata grandiflora_), 18

_Cerasus dulcis_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus duracina_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus effusa_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 25

_Cerasus glandulosa_ (syn. of _P. glandulosa_), 21

_Cerasus glauca_ (syn. of _P. pumila_), 34

_Cerasus Heaumiana_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 25

_Cerasus herincquiana_ (syn. of _P. pendula_), 20

_Cerasus heterophylla_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus hortenses_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 24

_Cerasus hortensis foliis eleganter variegatis_ (syn. of

Striped-Leaved), 323

_Cerasus incisa_ (syn. of _P. incisa_), 20

_Cerasus intermedia_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus itosakura_ (syn. of _P. pendula_), 20

_Cerasus japonica_ (syn. of _P. glandulosa trichostyla sinensis_), 21

_Cerasus japonica multiplex_ (syn. of _P. glandulosa glabra

albiplena_), 21

_Cerasus Juliana_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus lannesiana_ (syn. of _P. serrulata lannesiana_), 18

_Cerasus macrophylla_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus mahaleb_ (syn. of _P. mahaleb_), 31

_Cerasus Marasca_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 25

_Cerasus nicotianaefolia_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 24

_Cerasus nigra_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus pallida_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus paniculata_ (syn. of _P. pseudocerasus sieboldii_), 17

_Cerasus pendula_ (syn. of _P. pendula_), 20

_Cerasus pendula flore roseo_ (syn. of _P. pendula_), 20

_Cerasus pendula kriegeri_ (syn. of _P. serrulata kriegeri_), 18

_Cerasus pendula rosea_ (syn. of _P. pendula_), 20

_Cerasus phoshia_ (syn. of _P. cerasoides_), 19

_Cerasus pseudocerasus_ (syn. of _P. pseudocerasus_), 17;

(syn. of _P. serrulata_), 18

_Cerasus pseudocerasus "James Veitch_" (syn. of _P. serrulata

veitchiana_), 18

_Cerasus puddum_ (syn. of _P. cerasoides_), 19

_Cerasus pumila_ (syn. of _P. pumila_), 34

_Cerasus regalis_, 31

_Cerasus Rhexii_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 25

_Cerasus rubicunda_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus rufa_ (syn. of _P. rufa_), 19

_Cerasus salicifolia_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus serratifolia rosea_ (syn. of _P. serrulata hisakura_), 18

_Cerasus serrulata_ (syn. of _P. serrulata_), 18

_Cerasus sieboldtii_ (syn. of _P. pseudocerasus sieboldii_), 17

_Cerasus tomentosa_ (syn. of _P. tomentosa_), 33

_Cerasus tridentina_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 25

_Cerasus varia_ (syn. of _P. avium_), 28

_Cerasus vulgaris_ (syn. of _P. cerasus_), 24

_Cerasus watereri_ (syn. of _P. pseudocerasus watereri_), 17

_Cerasus wattererii_ (syn. of _P. pseudocerasus watereri_), 17

Cerise Albanes, 230

_Cerise d'Allemagne_ (syn. of German Morello), 258

_Cerise Anglaise_ (syn. of Cerise Guigne), 232

Cerise d'Angleterre Précoce, 230

Cerise de l'Ardèche, 230

Cerise Bellon, 230

Cerise de la Besnardière, 231

Cerise du Bicentenaire, 231

Cerise Blanche à Petit Fruit, 231

_Cerise de Bourgueil_ (syn. of Bourgueil), 109

_Cerise Carminée_ (syn. of Carmine Stripe), 230

Cerise Commune, 231

_Cerise Commune_ (syn. of Griotte Commune), 262

_Cerise Commune (de la Madeleine)_ (syn. of Madeleine), 294

_Cerise du Comte de Henneberg_ (syn. of Henneberger Grafenkirsche),

274

Cerise à Côtes, 231

_Cerise à Courte Queue_ (syn. of Short-Stem Montmorency), 187

Cerise d'Espagne, 231

_Cerise de l'Esvière_ (syn. of Cerise de Prusse), 232

Cerise à la Feuille, 231

_Cerise à Feuilles bigarrées_ (syn. of Tobacco-Leaved), 326

_Cerise de Folger_ (syn. of Folgerktrsche), 253

Cerise de Gembloux, 231

_Cerise de Gottorpe_ (syn. of Gottorper), 261

_Cerise Graisseuse_ (syn. of Speckkirsche), 321

_Cerise Gros Fruit_ (syn. of Short-Stem Montmorency), 187

Cerise Guigne, 231

_Cerise Hâtive_ (syn. of Süsse Frühweichsel), 324

_Cerise Lard_ (syn. of Speckkirsche), 321

Cerise de Mai Double, 232

Cerise de Mai Simple, 232

Cerise de Martigné, 232

_Cerise à Noyau tendre_ (syn. of Soft-stone Cherry), 320

_Cerise Orange_ (syn. of Pomeranzen), 306

_Cerise d'Orange_ (syn. of Carnation), 114

Cerise de Ostheim, 232

_Cerise du Palatinat_ (syn. of Velser), 329

_Cerise de petit-lait rouge_ (syn. of Rothe Molkenkirsche), 313

_Cerise de Planchouri_ (syn. of Planchoury), 305

_Cerise de Portugal_ (syn. of Arch Duke), 98

_Cerise de Prague tardive_ (syn. of Pragische Muskateller), 307

_Cerise précoce d'Altenlaud_ (syn. of Altenlander Frühkirsche), 206

Cerise du Prince Maurice, 232

Cerise de Prusse, 232

_Cerise de Prusse noire_ (syn. of Cerise de Prusse), 232

Cerise de Rouen Double, 232

Cerise de Rouen Simple, 232

Cerise Rouge Pale, 233

Cerise Rouge Sanguine, 233

_Cerise Royale_ (syn. of Royal Duke), 184

_Cerise Royale de Hollande_ (syn. of Arch Duke), 98

Cerise Royale Ordinaire, 233

_Cerise Royale Tardive D'Angleterre_ (syn. of Holman Duke), 276

_Cerise de Sauvigny_ (syn. of Montmorency de Sauvigny), 298

_Cerise de Seckbach_ (syn. of Seckbacher), 318

Cerise de Soissons, 233

Cerise de Tiercé, 233

_Cerise à Trochet_ (syn. of Cerisier Très-fertile), 234

_Cerise van der Nat_ (syn. of Double Natte), 123

_Cerise de Volger_ (syn. of Early Richmond), 132

_Cerise Walpurgis_ (syn. of Bigarreau de Walpurgis), 221

Cerise de Xavier, 233

_Cerise de Zeisberg_ (syn. of Bigarreau de Zeisberg), 221

_Cerisier à Bouquet_ (syn. of Cluster), 119

Cerisier Commun à Fruit Rond, 233

Cerisier Commun Pleureur, 233

_Cerisier coulard de Holland_ (syn. of Coularde), 239

_Cerisier cuculle_ (syn. of Griottier à Feuilles Cucullées), 264

Cerisier à Feuilles Laciniéees, 234

_Cerisier à Feuilles de Saule_ (syn. of Willow-Leaved), 335

_Cerisier à Fruit Ambré, à Fruit Blanc_ (syn. of Choisy), 116

Cerisier à Gros Fruit Blanc, 234

_Cerisier à Gros Fruit Rouge-pâle_ (syn. of Cerise Rouge Pale), 233

_Cerisier Hâtif_ (syn. of Early Richmond), 132

_Cerisier de Hollande_ (syn. of Coularde), 238

_Cerisier de Hollande à feuilles de saule ou de balsamine_ (syn. of

Willow-Leaved), 335

_Cerisier juniat_ (syn. of June Amarelle), 279

_Cerisier de la Madleine_ (syn. of Madeleine), 294

_Cerisier Nain à Fruit Rond Précoce_ (syn. of Early May), 128

Cerisier Royal Tardif à Fruit Noir, 234

Cerisier Très-fertile, 234

Cerisier de Varenne, 234

Challenge, 234

Champagne, 234

Champion, 235

Chapman, 235

Chapman, Henry, var. orig. by, 116

Chapman, W. H., var. orig. by, 113, 235, 296, 309

Charozé, var. orig. with, 271

Chase, Lewis, var. orig. with, 292

Chase, R. G., var. introduced by, 230

Chatenay, var. orig. with, 163

Cheresoto, 235

Cherries, adaptions of, in America, 55-56;

amelioration of, 8-9;

ancient history of, 40;

ancient use of, 39-40;

beginning of domestication of, 42-44;

blooming dates and season of ripening of, 80-81;

characters of bark, branches and buds of, 11-12;

characters of flowers and fruit of, 13-14;

characters of leaves of, 12-13;

classification of cultivated varieties of, 15;

cultivated, origin of, 41-42;

diseases of, 88-92;

distribution of cultivated varieties of, 3;

domestication of, 8;

early planting of, in America, 56;

geographical distribution of species of, 23-24,

groups of, by German writers, 49;

habit of growth of species of, 10;

hardiness of species of, 10;

history of, in England, 49-55;

history of, in Greece, 42-44;

history of, in Italy, 44-48;

history of, in New England, 57-58;

history of, in New York, 59-61;

history of, in the Middle West, 62;

history of, in the Sixteenth Century, 48-49;

history of, in the South, 61-62;

history of, on the Pacific Coast, 62-64;

immunity of, to diseases and insects, 10-11;

insects detrimental to, 92-96;

lack of literature of, 7;

list of, growing in America in 1804, 60-61;

minor species of, 38;

natural environment of, 76-80;

number of described varieties of, 8;

origin of described varieties of, 9;

ornamental value of, 6-7;

pollination of, 82-83;

productiveness of, 10;

relation of, to other species, 1-2;

separation of, from plums, 2;

species of, 16-38;

stocks for, 67-76;

susceptibility of, to diseases and insects, 10-11;

tree and fruit characters of species of, 9-15;

uses of fruit of, 3-6;

uses of leaves and bark of, 6;

wood-value of species of, 6

Cherry culture, commercial magnitude of, in the United States, 65-67

Cherry orchards, their care and management, 83-84

_Cherry-Duck_ (syn. of Holman Duke), 276

Cherry-growing, commercial status of, in New York, 85-88

China Bigarreau, 236

_China Heart_ (syn. of China Bigarreau), 236

Choisy, 116

Choque, 236

Christ, var. orig. by, 313

Christbauer, 236

Christiana, 236

Churchill Heart, 236

Cistena, 236

Clark September, 236

Cleveland, 118

Clingman, A. K., var. orig. with, 292

Cluster, 119

Cluster Black Heart, 236

_Coburger Maiherzkirsche_ (syn. of Black Guigne), 104

Cocklin, E. H., var. orig. by, 145; var. introduced by, 236

Cocklin Favorite, 236

Coe, 120

Coe, Curtis, var. orig. by, 120

Coe Late Carnation, 237

_Coe's Bunte Transparent_ (syn. of Coe), 120

_Coe's Späte Rote Kirsche_ (syn. of Coe Late Carnation), 237

_Coe's Transparent_ (syn. of Coe), 120

_Coeur de Boeuf nouveau_ (syn. of Ox Heart [of America]), 303

_Coeur de Pigeon Gros_ (syn. of Belle de Rocmont), 212

Coeur de Pigeon Noir, 237

Coeur de Poule, 237

_Colassale d'Hedelfingen_ (syn. of Hedelfingen), 274

Cole, 237

Collman, A. F., var. orig. with, 238

_Colorado Morello_ (syn. of English Morello), 139

Columbia, 237

_Common French Griotte_ (syn. of Griotte Commune), 262

Common Morello, 237

_Common Red Morello_ (syn. of Common Morello), 237

Como, 237

Comtesse de Médicis Spada, 237

Condé, 237

Conestoga, 237

Constance Maisin, 238

Cook, Steven, var. orig. with, 238, 297

Cook Imperial, 238

Cornelia, 238

Corning, 238

Corone, 238

Corwin, 238

Coularde, 238

_Courte-pendu de Gaiberg_ (syn. of Courte-queue de Gaiberg), 239

Courte-queue de Gaiberg, 239

Courtin, var. orig. with, 320

Coxe, quoted, 68-69

Crawford, 239

_Cream_ (syn. of Honey), =276=

Crown Prince, 239

Cserszeger Honigkirsche, 239

Cullen Cherrie, 239

Cumberland, 239

_Cumberland Heart_ (syn. of Cumberland), 239

_Cumberland Spice_ (syn. of Cumberland), 239

Cyclone, 239

Dacotah, 240

Daiber Schwarze Knorpelkirsche, 240

Dankelmannskirsche, 240

_Dankelmann's Molkenkirsche_ (syn. of Dankelmannskirsche), 240

_Dankelmann's Weisse Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Dankelmannskirsche), 240

_D'Aout Erfurt_ (syn. of Erfurter Augustkirsche), 250

_D' Aremberg_ (syn. of Reine Hortense), 179

Datge, 240

Davenport, 240

Davenport, Edward, var. orig. by, 240

_Davenport's Early_ (syn. of Davenport), 240

_Davenport's Early Black_ (syn. of Davenport), 240

_Davenport's Early Red_ (syn. of Davenport), 240

De Belleu, 240

_De Chaux_ (syn. of German Morello), 258

De Jacap, 240

De Jonghe, var. orig. by, 327

De Ravaene, 240

_De Sibérie_ (syn. of Dwarf Siberian), 247

_De Sibérie à fruit rond_ (syn. of Dwarf Siberian), 247

De Sibérie à gros fruit et à rameaux pendans, 241

De Spa, 241

De Vaux, 241

Dearborn, H. A. S., var. introduced by, 163

Dearborn Red French, 241

Dechenaut, 241

Delaware Bleeding Heart, 241

Delicate, 241

_Délices d'Erfurt_ (syn. of Erfurter Augustkirsche), 250

Délicieuse, 241

Denner Black, 241

Des Cheneaux, 241

Deutsche Belzweichsel, 241

_Deutsche Griotte_ (syn. of German Morello), 258

_Deutsche Weichsel_ (syn. of German Morello), 258

_Deutscher Griottier Weichselbaum_ (syn. of German Morello), 258

Dikeman, 121

Dikeman, George B., var. orig. with, 121

Disnoder Gewürzkirsche, =241=

Ditst, 241

Dobbeete Moreller, =242=

Doctay, 242

Doctor, 242

Dr. Flynn, 242

Dr. Wiseman, =242=

Doctorkirsche, 242

Doctorknorpelkirsche, =242=

Dollaner Schwarze, 242

Donna Maria, 243

_Dönnissens gelbe Knorpelkirsche_ (syn. of Bigarreau Dönnissen), 216

_Doppelte Amarelle_ (syn. of Doppelte Weichsel), 243

Doppelte Weichsel, 243

_Doppelttragende Kleine Rothe Spätkirsche_ (syn. of Hildesheim), 143

Dorotheenkirsche, 243

Dörrells Neue Himbeerkirsche, 243

Doty, 243

_Double Floured Cherry_ (syn. of Fleurs Doubles), 252

Double Glass, 122

Double Natte, 123

Double Yellow Spanish, 243

Doublet, var. orig. by, 211

Douce de Bardowick, 243

_Douce d'Espagne_ (syn. of Süsse Spanische), 324

_Douce de Palatinat_ (syn. of Velser), 329

Dougall, 243

Dougall, James, var. introduced by, 243, 331;

var. orig. with, 198

Doulin Bigarreau, 243

Dove Bank, 243

Downer, 124

Downer, Samuel, var. orig. by, 124

_Downer's Late_ (syn. of Downer), 124

_Downer's Red Heart_ (syn. of Downer), 124

Downing, A. J., life of, 244;

quoted, 70, 157;

var. orig. by, 244

Downing, Charles, life of, 234-235;

var. orig. by, 234

Downing Red Creek, 244

_Downing's Sämling_ (syn. of Downing Red Cheek), 244

Downton, 244

_Downtoner Molkenkirsche_ (syn. of Downton), 244

Dresdener Mai Herzkirsche, 245

Drogan, var. orig. by, 245

Drogan White Bigarreau, 245

Drogan Yellow Bigarreau, 245

Drogans Schwarze Knorpelkirsche, 245

_Drogan's Weisse Knorpelkirsche_ (syn. of Drogan White Bigarreau), 245

Drooping Guigne, 245

Du Comte Egger, 245

Du Nord Nouvelle, 245

Duchesse d'Angoulême, 245

Duchesse de Palluau, 246

Dudley, Paul, quoted, 58

Duhamel, quoted, 70, 139

_Duke Cherry_ (syn. of May Duke), 164

Duke cherries, characters of, 31

Duke of Edinburgh, 246

Dumas, 246

Dunkelrothe Knorpelkirsche, 246

Duraccia, 246

Dure Noir Grosse, 247

_Dure de Sauvigny_ (syn. of Sauvigny Knorpelkirsche), 315

_Dutch Weeping_ (syn. of Dwarf Siberian), 247

_Dwarf Double Flowering_ (syn. of Fleurs Doubles), 253

Dwarf Siberian, 247

Dyehouse, 125

Dyehouse, var. orig. by, 126

Eagle, 126

Early Amarella, 247

Early Amber, 247

Early Black Bigarreau, 247

Early Eugene, 247

_Early Griotte_ (syn. of Early Richmond), 132

_Early Guigne_ (syn. of Flamentine), 252

_Early Jaboulay_ (syn. of Lyons), 161

_Early Lamaurie_ (syn. of Lamaurie), 287

_Early Lyons_ (syn. of Lyons), 161

_Early Mathere_ (syn. of Guigne Précoce de Mathère), 271

Early May, 128

Early May, 247

Early Morello, 129

Early Prolific, 248

Early Purple, 130

_Early Purple Guigne_ (syn. of Early Purple), 130

Early Red and Yellow, 248

Early Red Bigarreau, 248

Early Red Guigne, 248

Early Richmond, 131

Early Rivers, 248

_Early White Bigarreau_ (syn. of Flamentine), 252

_Early White Guigne_ (syn. of Grosse Guigne Blanche), 266

Early York, 248

Ebenter Cherry, 249

_Ecullyer Knorpelkirsche_ (syn. of Bigarreau Noir d'Ecully), 219

Edouard Seneclause, 249

Elfner Kirsche, 249

Elizabeth, 249

Elkhorn, 134

Elliott, F. R., life of, 159;

quoted, 71, 197;

var. introduced by, 159

_Elliott's Favorite_ (syn. of Favorite), 251

Elton, 135

Emperor Francis, 249

Empress Eugenie, 137

_Englische Schwarze Kronherzkirsche_ (syn. of Corone), 238

Englische Weinkirsche, 249

_Englische weisse ganz frühe Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Englische Weisse

Herzkirsche), 250

Englische Weisse Herzkirsche, 250

English Amber, 249

English Bearer, 249

English Gaskin, 249

English Morello, 138;

susceptibility of, to leaf spot, 11

_English Preserve_ (syn. of English Bearer), 249

Enopa, 250

_Épervier Noir_ (syn. of Black Hawk), 105

Episcopale, 250

Eppers Weichsel, 250

_Erfurt Delicious_ (syn. of Erfurter Augustkirsche), 250

Erfurter Augustkirsche, 250

_Esel Kirsche_ (syn. of May Duke), 164

_Espagne bigarrée_ (syn. of Perlknorpelkirsche), 305

Etopa, 250

Eugène Furst, 250

_Eugenie_ (syn. of Empress Eugenie) 137

Euprunus, sub-genus of Prunus, 15

Everbearing, 251

Excellente Douce Tardive, 251

Eyami, 251

Ezaptan, 251

Faversham Heart, 251

Favorite, 251

Fenno, J. H., var. orig. by, 301

Fenwith, George, quoted, 58

Festfleischige Schwarze Knorpelkirsche, 251

Flagg, 252

Flamentine, 252

_Flanders_ (syn. of Early Richmond), 131

_Flanders Cluster_ (syn. of Cluster), 119

_Flemish_ (syn. of Large Montmorency), 153;

(syn. of Short-Stem Montmorency), 187

Flemish Gean, 252

_Flemish Coloured Bigarreau_ (syn. of Elton), 135

Fleurs Doubles, 252

Fleurs Semi-doubles, 253

Florence, 140

_Florence Heart_ (syn. of Florence), 140

Florianer Kirsche, 253

Flynn, var. orig. with, 242

Folgerkirsche, 253

Folgers Swolfe, 254

Forsyth, quoted, 68

Fouche Morello, 254

_Four to the Pound_ (syn. of Tobacco-Leaved), 326

_Französiche Süssweichsel_ (syn. of Cerise de Soissons), 233

_Fraser's White Tartarian_ (syn. of White Tartarian), 333

Frauendorfer, 254

_Frauendorfer Weichsel_ (syn. of Frauendorfer), 254

_French_ (syn. of Early Richmond), 132

French Amarelle, 254

French Weichsel, 254

_Frogmore Bigarreau_ (syn. of Frogmore Early Bigarreau), 254

Frogmore Early Bigarreau, 254

Frogmore Early Crown, 254

_Frogmore Early Prolific_ (syn. of Frogmore Early Bigarreau), 254

Frogmore Late Bigarreau, 255

Frogmore Morrelo, 255

Fromm, var. orig. by, 255

Fromm Heart, 255

_Fromms Schwarze Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Fromm Heart), 255

_Frühe Bernsteinkirsche_ (syn. of White Heart), 197

Frühe bunte Herzkirsche, 255

_Frühe Englische Kirsche aus Löwen_ (syn. of Löwener Frühkirsche),

292

Frühe Kurzstielige Knorpelkirsche, 255

_Frühe Lange Weisse Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Frühe bunte Herzkirsche),

255

_Frühe Lemercier_ (syn. of Lemercier), 290

_Frühe Maiherzkirsche_ (syn. of Baumann May), 100

Frühe Maikirsche, 255

Frühe Morello, 255

_Frühe Natte aus Samen_ (syn. of Frühe von der Natte), 256

Frühe Sauerkirsche, 256

_Frühe Schattenmorelle_ (syn. of Shadow Amarelle), 318

_Frühe Schwarze Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Black Guigne), 104;

(syn. of Black Heart), 106

Frühe Schwarze Knorpelkirsche, 256

_Frühe Süssweichsel von der Natt_ (syn. of Frühe von der Natte), 256

Frühe von der Natte, 256

_Frühe Zwergweichsel_ (syn. of Early May), =128=

Früher Gobet, 256

Früheste Bunte Herzkirsche, 256

_Früheste bunte Molkenkirsche_ (syn. of Früheste Bunte Herzkirsche),

256

Früheste der Mark, 257

_Frühkirsche_ (syn. of Früheste Bunte Herzkirsche), 256

_Frühzeitige Amarelle_ (syn. of Early Richmond), 132

Fürst Schwarze Septemberkirsche, 257

_Fürst's Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Eugène Furst), 250

_Galopin_ (syn. of Lutovka), 160

Galusha, 257

Gamdale, 257

Garcine, 257

Garcine, var. orig. by, 257

Gardiner, 257

Gardner, V. R., quoted, 82-83

_Gascoigne_ (syn. of Bleeding Heart), 109

_Gascoigne's Heart_ (syn. of Bleeding Heart), 109

Gaskins, 257

Gauchers Knorpelkirsche, 257

_Géante de Badacson_ (syn. of Badacsony), 209

_Géante d'Hedelfingen_ (syn. of Hedelfingen), 274

_Gedoppelte Amarelle mit halbgefüllter Blüte_ (syn. of Fleurs

Semi-doubles), 253

Geer, 257

_Gefülltblühende Amarelle_ (syn. of Fleurs Doubles), 253

_Gefülltblühende Süsskirsche_ (syn. of Large Double Flowering), 287

_Gefüllter Kirschbaume_ (syn. of Fleurs Semi-doubles), 253

Gelbe Herzkirsche, 257

Gelbe Wachskirsche, 258

Gemeine Glaskirsche, 258

_Gemeine Marmorkirsche_ (syn. of Yellow Spanish), 202

_Gemeine Schwarze Herzkirsche_ (syn. of Grosse Schwarze Herzkirsche),

267

_Gemeine Süssweichsel_ (syn. of Griotte Commune), 262

Genesee, 258

George Glass, 141

Gerarde, quoted, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55

German, 258

_German Duke_ (syn. of German Morello), 258

_German_ (Kraus) (syn. of German), 258

German Morello, 258

Germersdorf, 259

_Germersdorfer Grosse Kirsche_ (syn. of Germersdorf), 259

Geschiltztblättrige Süssweichsel, 259

Gestriefte Herzkirsche, 259

Gewöhnliche Muskatellerkirsche, 259

Giant, 259

Gibb, 259

Gifford, 259

Gilbert, R., var. orig. by, 227

_Glanzende goldgelb und roth marmorirte Kramelkirsche_ (syn. of Belle

de Rocmont), 212

Glasherzkirsche, 259

_Glaskirsche mit dickgefüllter Blüthe_ (syn. of Fleurs Doubles), 252

_Glaskirsche mit halbgefüllter Blüthe_ (syn. of Fleurs

Semi-doubles), 253

Glaskirsche von der Natte, 260

_Glas-Molkenkirsche_ (syn. of Glasherzkirsche), 259

_Glass_ (syn. of Double Glass), 122

Glasskirsche Kurzstielige, 260

Gloire de France, 260

_Gobet à Courte Queue_ (syn. of Short-Stem Montmorency), 187

_Gobet Hâtif_ (syn. of Früher Gobet), 256

Golden Knob, 260

Goldgelbe Herzkirsche, 260

Goldsmith Black Heart, 260

Goodspeed, 260

Gormley, 260

Gormley, John, var. orig. with, 260

Gottorper, 261

_Gottorper Marmorkirsche_ (syn. of Gottorper), 261

Gould No. X, 261

Governor Luce, 261

=Urinall.= _P. avium._ =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 572. 1629.