=17. Location of Toilet Rooms.=—In designing factory buildings where a
great many people are employed, the question of toilet accommodations
is a very necessary consideration.
After the location of the toilet room has been decided on, and it
should be placed as centrally as possible to the floor area, the
number of closets should be determined. It is usually found sufficient
accommodation if one closet is allowed for twenty people. In planning
the toilet room, it is essential, and generally required by law, that
the room shall be located on the outside wall, so that windows will
open directly into it. If the partitions between the compartments
only extend part way toward the ceiling, it is not necessary that
each compartment of the toilet room containing a closet should have
a window. For instance, referring to Fig. 5, which is a typical
arrangement of factory toilets, it is necessary only to provide the
window opening into the outside space surrounding the enclosures around
the closets.
[Illustration: FIG. 5]
=18. Material Used for Partitions.=—The partitions of both the
compartments and the toilet room are, in factory construction, usually
built of 1⅛-inch, yellow-pine, tongued-and-grooved, beaded ceiling,
the corners of the partition being braced with 4" × 4" stop-chamfered
yellow-pine posts rabbeted to receive the ceiling. In no instance
should the partitions be constructed with an enclosed space or
concealed work. For hygienic reasons, it is always advisable to
provide toilet rooms with waterproof floors, and the brick walls that
may partially surround the enclosure should be waterproofed for a
distance of at least 1 foot from the floor. The waterproofing commonly
employed for the floors is asphalt or _asbestolin_, the latter being a
composition that is placed directly on the finished floor and forms a
permanent covering about ¼ inch in thickness, and of the nature of the
best cork linoleum.
In waterproofing the walls, about the only practical method to employ
is to give them several coats of an approved waterproof paint.
[Illustration: FIG. 6]
Fig. 6 illustrates a reasonably cheap and still excellent construction
for toilet-room enclosures, the several details of the construction
being sufficiently clear without further explanation.
=19. Toilet-Room Fixtures.=—In selecting fixtures for the toilet rooms
of a factory building, only the most serviceable kinds should be used.
In standard work, iron-porcelain siphon-jet closets with overhead
copper-lined flushing tanks are employed. The flushing is controlled
automatically by the action of the seat, which is always raised by
being provided with counterweights. Lids to the closets are never used
in factory installation, from the fact that they are readily broken and
generally out of order.