=102. Hinge Butts and Hinges.=—For cabinetwork, small, light hinge
butts are used. These may be obtained in either bronze or steel, with
or without ball tips, and in various sizes. The steel butts of this
type are more commonly used, as they can be procured in all finishes,
but for high-grade work, bronze metal is always employed. The usual
type of cabinet hinge butt is illustrated in Fig. 142.
[Illustration: FIG. 142]
[Illustration: FIG. 143]
A surface hinge is sometimes used in place of a butt, in order to
eliminate the fitting to the woodwork that is necessary where butts are
used.
=103. Cupboard Latches.=—A convenient fastening for cupboard doors,
consisting of a pivoted latch actuated by a projecting knob, is shown
in Fig. 143. This type of latch is furnished with two forms of strikes,
one for application on the edge and the other for application on the
surface of the jamb or door.
This figure shows a stock sample of this type of latch, but the student
should carefully note that whenever possible such garish or gaudy
ornament should always be avoided in all classes of hardware. Good
taste is always better satisfied with simple and direct treatment as
shown in Fig. 144; but where ornate styles are adopted, the character
of the ornament should be artistically expressed as exemplified in
Figs. 128, 134, 153, 155, 157, etc.
[Illustration: FIG. 144]
=104. Cupboard Catches.=—The =cupboard catch= differs from the cupboard
latch just described, although it is intended for the same purpose. The
usual cupboard catch consists of a spring bolt that is operated by a
slide knob. It is made in various designs, sizes, and shapes, in both
the rim and flush varieties. Figs. 144 and 145 show several types of
cupboard catches.
[Illustration: FIG. 145]
=105. Cupboard Turn.=—There is a piece of hardware intended for the
same purpose as the cupboard catch, known as the =cupboard turn=. It is
operated by a rotating knob instead of the slide, and is considered the
best rim article used for this purpose.
=106. Cupboard Buttons.=—The =cupboard button= is an old device, but is
little used at the present time, except for the cheapest work. Various
types of these buttons are illustrated in Fig. 146. They are made with
or without plates, as shown, and may be had in either iron or brass.
[Illustration: FIG. 146]
=107. Elbow Catches.=—A convenient fastening that is in quite general
use for the standing leaf of double doors is illustrated in Fig. 147,
from which the operation may readily be understood. This device, which
is commonly known as an =elbow catch=, fastens the doors automatically;
it is easily operated in opening the doors, and thus does away with
the old-style hook and eye. The strike of the catch should be placed
beneath the shelf where possible, using the catch inverted.
[Illustration: FIG. 147]
[Illustration: FIG. 148]
=108. Bookcase Bolt.=—The =bookcase bolt=, shown in Fig. 148, is
an automatic fastening device that is mortised into the soffit of
cabinets or bookcases having double doors. It is arranged in such a
position as to engage with the top of one door, and is operated by the
act of closing the other door, which carries the lock, so that both
doors are fastened or released by a single action.
[Illustration: FIG. 149]
=109. Lever Cupboard Catches.=—Another piece of hardware used for
securing light doors, or leaves, such as are used in cupboards,
bookcases, and wardrobes, is illustrated in Fig. 149. This fastening
is very simple and convenient. It consists of a bar that is pivoted to
a plate and extends through the door, its inner end being hooked to
engage with a strike.
[Illustration: FIG. 150]
[Illustration: FIG. 151]
=110. Drawer Pulls.=—The =drawer pull= is a familiar article of
cupboard hardware, the usual type being illustrated in Fig. 150. This
article can be obtained in iron, steel, brass, or bronze, in various
styles and shapes, and in all finishes. Drawer pulls with _label
plates_ are extensively used. A type of this drawer pull is shown in
Fig. 151.
=111. Drop Drawer Pulls.=—For cabinetwork, the =drop drawer pull=, as
illustrated in Fig. 152 (_a_), is used almost entirely. The drop pull
is made both plain and ornamented, examples of each style being shown
in Figs. 152 (_a_) and (_b_) and 153.
[Illustration: FIG. 152]
[Illustration: FIG. 153]
[Illustration: FIG. 154]
=112. Cabinet Locks.=—The type of lock illustrated in Fig. 154 is
used on cabinetwork of every description, and can be procured for
all classes of construction. These locks are made in rim, flush, and
mortise styles, with keys having either plain or ornamental bows.
=113. Cabinet Escutcheons.=—In order to form a finish and protect the
woodwork near the keyhole, the =cabinet escutcheon plate= is used.
These plates are made in various sizes and styles of ornamentation,
some designs of which are illustrated in Fig. 155.
[Illustration: FIG. 155]
=114. Card Frames, or Label Plates.=—An article known as the =card
frame=, or =label plate=, is used extensively to placard drawers or
cupboards to designate their contents. These plates are made in various
sizes, and may be procured in bronze and iron and in the usual patterns
shown in Fig. 156.
[Illustration: FIG. 156]
=115. Hinge and Corner Plates.=—The =hinge= and =corner plate= is an
article used solely for decorative purposes on cabinetwork. The variety
of designs and sizes now available is such that special patterns are
rarely necessary. These plates may be obtained from the hardware dealer
in all of the usual metals and in all finishes.