wear theawart of a Cape or head Land ♦_Cape Sable_♦ Lyeing in
the Latitud of 43 degrees and cam very near unto ytt. ytt ys very
Low Land showinge Whytt Lyke sand but ytt ys Whytt Rocks and very
stronge tides goeth hear from the place we stopt att beinge in 44 de
& ½ untill this Cape or head land ytt ys all broken Land & full of
Illands & Large Sounds betwixt them & hear we found fyshe aboundance
so large & great as I never Saw the Lyke Cods beffor nether any man
in our shipe.
After we paste this Cape or head Land the Land falleth awaye and
Lyeth in norwest & by north into a greatt deep baye. ♦_Bay of Fundy_♦
We kept our course from this head Land West and Weste and by South 7
Leags and cam to thre Illands ♦_Seal and Mud Islands_♦ whear cominge
near unto them we found on the Southest Syd of them a great Leadge
of Rocks Lyeinge near a Leage into the Sea the which we perseavinge
tackt our ship & the wynde being Large att northest Cleared our
Selves of them kepinge still our course to the westward west & by
South and west Southwest untill mydnyght. then after we hald in more
northerly.
Wensdaye being the 5th of Auguste from after mydnyght we hald in West
norwest untill 3 of the Clok afternoon of the Sam and then we Saw the
Land aggain bearinge from us north weste & by north and ytt Risseth
in this forme hear under. ten or 12 Leags from yo they ar three
heigh mountains that Lye in upon the main Land near unto the ryver of
penobskot ♦_Camdem Mountains_♦ in which ryver the bashabe makes his
abod the cheeffe Comander of those parts & streatcheth unto the ryver
of Sagadehock under his Comand yo shall see theise heigh mountains
when yo shall not perseave the main Land under ytt they ar of shutch
and exceedinge heygts: And note. that from the Cape or head Land
beffor spoken of untill these heigh mountains we never Saw any Land
except those three Illands also beffor mensyoned··We stood in Right
with these mountains untill the next daye.
[Illustration: (outline of mountains)]
Thursdaye beinge the 6th of Auguste we stood in with this heigh Land
untill 12 of the Cloke noon & then I found the shipe to be in 43 d &
½ by my observation··from thence we Sett our Course & stood awaye dew
weste & Saw three other Illands ♦_Matinicus Islands_♦ Lyenge together
beinge Lo & flatt by the watter showinge whytt as yff ytt wear Sand
but ytt ys whytt Rocks makinge show a far of allmoste Lyke unto Dover
Cleeves. & these three Illands Lye dew est & west on of the other so
we Cam faier by them and as we Cam to the Westward the heygh Land
beffor spoken of shewed ytt selffe in this form as followith
[Illustration: (outline of mountains)]
From hence we kept still our Course West & Weste by North towards
three other Illands ♦_St. George Islands_♦ that we Sawe Lyenge from
these Illands beffor spoken of 8 Leags and about ten of the Clok
att nyght we recovered them & havinge Sent in our bott beffor nyght
to vew ytt for that ytt was Calme & to Sound ytt & See whatt good
ankoringe was under ytt we bor in with on of them the which as we
cam in by we still sounded & founde very deepe watter 40 fetham hard
abord of yt. So we stood in into a Coue In ytt & had 12 fetham watter
& thear we ankored untill the mornynge. And when the daye appeared We
Saw we weare environed Round about with Illands yo myght have told
neare thirty Illands round about us from abord our shipe this Illand
we Call St. Georges Illand ♦_Waymouth_♦ for that we hear found a
Crosse Sett up the which we Suposse was Sett up by George Wayman.
Frydaye beinge the 7th of Auguste we wayed our Ankor whereby to
bringe our shipe in mor better Safty how Soever the wynd should
happen to blow and about ten of the Cloke in the mornynge as we weare
standinge of a Lyttell from the Illand we descried a saill standinge
in towards this Illand & we presently mad towards her & found ytt
to be the gyfte our Consort So beinge all Joye full of our happy
meetinge we both stood in again for the Illand we ryd under beffor &
theare anckored both together.
This night followinge about myd nyght Capt. Gilbert caussed his ships
bott to be maned & took to hemselffe 13 other my Selffe beinge on
beinge 14 persons in all & tooke the Indyan skidwarres ♦_See page
151._♦ with us··the weather beinge faier & the wynd Calme we rowed
to the Weste in amongst many gallant Illands and found the ryver of
pemaquyd ♦_Pemaquid_♦ to be but 4 Leags weste from the Illand we Call
St. Georges whear our ships remained still att anckor. hear we Landed
in a Lyttell Cove by skyd warres Direction & marched ouer a necke of
the Land near three mills So the Indyan skidwarres brought us to the
Salvages housses whear they did inhabitt although much against his
will for that he told us that they wear all remoued & gon from the
place they wear wont to inhabitt. but we answered hem again that we
wold nott retorne backe untill shutch time as we had spoken with Som
of them. At Length he brought us whear they did inhabytt whear we
found near a hundreth of them men wemen and Children. And the Cheeffe
Comander of them ys Nahanada att our fryste Seight of them uppon a
howlinge or Cry that they mad they all presently Isued forth towards
us with thear bowes & arrows & we presently mad a stand & Suffered
them to Com near unto us then our Indyan skidwarres spoke unto them
in thear language showinge them what we wear which when nahanada
thear Comander perseaved what we wear he Caussed them all to laye
assyd thear bowes & arrowes and cam unto us and imbrassed us & we
did the lyke to them aggain. So we remained with them near to howers
& wear in thear housses. Then we tooke our Leave of them & retorned
with our Indyan skidwarres with us towards our ships the 8th Daye of
August being Satterdaye in the after noon.
Sondaye being the 9th of Auguste in the morninge the most part of our
holl company of both our shipes Landed on this Illand the which we
call St. Georges Illand whear the Crosse standeth and thear we heard
a Sermon delyvred unto us by our preacher ♦_Rev. Richard Seymour_♦
gyvinge god thanks for our happy metinge & Saffe aryvall into the
Contry & So retorned abord aggain.
Mundaye beinge the Xth of Auguste early in the morninge Capt. popham
in his shallope with thirty others & Capt. Gilbert in his ships bott
with twenty others Acompanede Depted from thear shipes & sailled
towards the ryver of pemaquyd & Caryed with us the Indyan skidwarres
and Cam to the ryver ryght beffore thear housses whear they no
Sooner espyed us but presently Nahanada with all his Indians with
thear bowes and arrows in thear hands Cam forth upon the Sands--So
we Caussed skidwarres to speak unto hem & we our Selves spok unto
hem in Inglyshe givinge hem to understand our Cominge tended to no
yvell towards hem Selffe nor any of his peopell. he told us again he
wold nott thatt all our peopell should Land. So beccause we woold
in no sort offend them, hearuppon Som ten or twelffe of the Cheeff
gent Landed & had Some parle together & then afterward they wear
well contented that all should Land··So all landed we ussinge them
with all the kindnesse that possibell we Could. nevertheless after
an hower or to they all Soddainly withdrew them Selves from us into
the woods & Lefte us··we perseavinge this presently imbarked our
Selves all except skidwarres who was nott Desyerous to retorn with
us. We Seeinge this woold in no Sort proffer any Violence unto hem
by drawing hem perfforce Suffered hem to remain and staye behinde
us. he promyssinge to retorn unto us the next Daye followinge but he
heald not his promysse So we imbarked our Selves and went unto the
other Syd of the ryver & thear remained uppon the shore the nyght
followinge.
Tuesdaye beinge the xjth of Auguste we retorned and cam to our ships
whear they still remained att ankor under the Illand we call St.
Georges.
Wensdaye being the xijth of Auguste we wayed our anckors and Sett our
saills to go for the ryver of Sagadehock··we kept our Course from
thence dew Weste until 12 of the Clok mydnyght of the Sam then we
stroke our Saills & layed a hull untill the mornynge Doutinge for to
over shoot ytt.
[Illustration: in this form being South from ytt,
being est & weste from the Illand of Sutqin ytt maketh in this form.]
Thursdaye in the mornynge breacke of the daye beinge the xiijth
of Auguste the Illand of Sutquin ♦_Seguin_♦ bore north of us nott
past halff a leage from us and ytt rysseth in this form hear under
followinge the which Illand Lyeth ryght beffore the mouth of the
ryver of Sagadehocke ♦_Kenebeck River_♦ South from ytt near 2 Leags
but we did not make ytt to be Sutquin so we Sett our saills & stood
to the westward for to Seeke ytt 2 Leags farther & nott fyndinge the
ryver of Sagadehocke we knew that we had overshott the place then we
wold have retorned but Could nott & the nyght in hand the gifte Sent
in her shallop & mad ytt & went into the ryver this nyght but we
wear constrained to remain att Sea all this nyght and about mydnight
thear arose a great storme & tempest uppon us the which putt us in
great daunger and hassard of castinge awaye of our ship & our Lyves
by reason we wear so near the shore··the wynd blew very hard att
South right in uppon the shore so that by no means we could nott
gett of hear we sought all means & did what possybell was to be don
for that our Lyves depended on ytt··hear we plyed ytt with our ship
of & on all the nyght often times espyeinge many soonken rocks &
breatches hard by us enforsynge us to put our ship about & stand from
them bearinge saill when ytt was mor fytter to have taken ytt in but
that ytt stood uppon our Lyves to do ytt & our bott Soonk att our
stern··yet woold we nott cut her from us in hope of the appearinge
of the daye··thus we Contynued untill the daye cam then we perseaved
our Selves to be hard abord the Lee shore & no waye to escape ytt but
by Seekinge the Shore··then we espyed 2 Lyttell Illands ♦_Cape Small
Point_♦ Lyeinge under our lee··So we bore up the healme & steerd
in our shipe in betwyxt them whear the Lord be praised for ytt we
found good and sauffe ankkoringe & thear anckored the storme still
contynuinge untill the next daye followynge.
Frydaye beinge the xiiijth of August that we anckored under these
Illands thear we repaired our bott being very muche torren &
spoilled then after we Landed on this Illand & found 4 salvages & an
old woman this Illand ys full of pyne trees & ocke and abundance of
whorts of fower Sorts of them.
Satterdaye beinge the 15th of Auguste the storme ended and the wind
Cam faier for us to go for Sagadehock so we wayed our anckors & Sett
Saill & stood to the estward & cam to the Illand Sutquin which was 2
Leags from those Illands we rod att anker beffor, & hear we anckored
under the Illand of Sutqin in the estersyd of ytt for that the wynd
was of the shore that wee could no gett into the ryver of Sagadehock
& hear Capt. pophams ships bott cam abord of us & gave us xx freshe
Cods that they had taken beinge Sent out a fyshinge.
Sondaye beinge the 16th of Auguste Capt. popham Sent his Shallop unto
us for to healp us in So we wayed our anckors & beinge Calme we towed
in our ship & Cam into the Ryver of Sagadehocke and anckored by the
gyfts Syd about xj of the Cloke the Sam daye.
Mundaye beinge the 17th Auguste Capt. popham in his shallop with 30
others & Capt. Gilbert in his shipes bott accompaned with 18 other
persons departed early in the morninge from thear ships & sailled up
the Ryver of Sagadehock for to vew the Ryver & allso to See whear
they myght fynd the most Convenyent place for thear plantation my
Selffe beinge with Capt. Gilbert. So we Sailled up into this ryver
near 14 Leags and found ytt to be a most gallant ryver very brod &
of a good depth··we never had Lesse Watter then 3 fetham when we had
Least & abundance of greatt fyshe ♦_Sturgeon_♦ in ytt Leaping aboue
the Watter on eatch Syd of us as we Sailled. So the nyght aprochinge
after a whill we had refreshed our Selves uppon the shore about 9
of the Cloke we sett backward to retorn & Cam abourd our shipes the
next day followinge about 2 of the Clok in the afternoon We fynd this
ryver to be very pleasant with many goodly Illands in ytt & to be
both Large & deepe Watter havinge many branches in ytt··that which we
tooke bendeth ytt Selffe towards the northest.
Tuesdaye beinge the 18th after our retorn we all went to the shore
& thear mad Choies of a place for our plantation which ys at the
very mouth or entry of the Ryver of Sagadehocke on the West Syd
of the Ryver beinge almoste an Illand ♦_Sabino Head_♦ of a good
bygness··whylst we wear uppon the shore thear Cam in three Cannoos
by us but they wold not Com near us but rowed up the Ryver ♦_Fort
Popham_♦ & so past away.
Wensday beinge the 19th Auguste we all went to the shore whear we mad
Choise for our plantation and thear we had a Sermon delyvred unto
us by our precher and after the Sermon our pattent was red with the
orders & Lawes thearin prescrybed & then we retorned abord our ships
again.
Thursdaye beinge the 20th of Auguste all our Companyes Landed & thear
began to fortefye··our presedent Capt popham Sett the fryst spytt of
ground unto ytt and after hem all the rest followed & Labored hard in
the trenches about ytt.
Frydaye the 2jth of Auguste all hands Labored hard about the fort
Som in the trentch Som for fagetts & our ship Carpenters about the
buildinge of a small penis or shallop.
Satterdaye the 22th Auguste Capt. popham early in the morninge
departed in his shallop to go for the ryver of pashipskoke··thear
♦_Pejepscot or Androscoggin_♦ they had parle with the Salvages again
who delyvred unto them that they had ben att wars with Sasanoa & had
slain his Soone in fyght··skidwares and Dehanada wear in this fyght.
Sondaye the 23th our presedent Capt. popham retorned unto us from the
ryver of pashipscoke.
The 24th all Labored about the fort.
Tuesdaye the 25th Capt. Gilbert imbarked hem Selffe with 15 other
with hem to go to the Westward uppon Som Discouery but the Wynd was
contrary & forsed hem backe again the Sam daye.
The 26th & 27th all Labored hard about the fort.
Frydaye the 28th Capt. Gilbert with 14 others my Selffe beinge on
Imbarked hem to go to the westward again··So the wynd Servinge we
Sailled by many gallant Illands ♦_Casco Bay_♦ & towards nyght the
winde Cam Contrary against us So that we wear Constrained to remain
that nyght under the head Land called Semeamis ♦_Cape Elizabeth_♦
whear we found the Land to be most fertill··the trees growinge thear
doth exceed for goodnesse & Length being the most part of them ocke
& wallnutt growinge a greatt space assoonder on from the other as
our parks in Ingland and no thickett growinge under them··hear wee
also found a gallant place to fortefye whom Nattuer ytt Selffe hath
already framed without the hand of man with a runynge stream of
watter hard adjoyninge under the foott of ytt.
Satterdaye the 29th Auguste early in the mornynge we departed from
thence & rowed to the westward for that the wind was againste us
but the wynd blew so hard that forsed us to remain under an Illand
♦_Richmond’s Island_♦ 2 Leags from the place we remayned the night
beffore whilst we remayned under this Illand thear passed to Cannoos
by us but they wold nott Com neare us after mydnyght we put from this
Illand in hope to have gotten the place we dessyered but the wind
arose and blew so hard at Southwest Contrary for us that forsed us to
retorn.
Sondaye beinge the 30th Auguste retornynge beffore the wynd we
sailled by many goodly Illands for betwixt this head Land called
Semeamis & the ryver of Sagadehock ys a great baye in the which Lyeth
So many Illands & so thicke & neare together that yo Cannott well
desern to Nomber them yet may yo go in betwixt them in a good ship
for yo shall have never Lesse Watter the 8 fethams··these Illands ar
all overgrowen with woods very thicke as ocks wallnut pyne trees &
many other things growinge as Sarsaperilla hassell nuts & whorts in
aboundance··So this day we retorned to our fort att Sagadehock.
Munday being the Last of Auguste nothinge hapened but all Labored for
the buildinge of the fort & for the storhouse to reseave our vyttuall.
Tuesday the first of September ♦_September_♦ thear Cam a Canooa
unto us in the which was 2 greatt kettells of brasse··Som of our
Company did parle with them but they did rest very doutfull of us
& wold nott Suffer mor then on att a tyme to Com near unto them So
he departed··The Second daye third & 4th nothinge hapened worth the
wryttinge but that eatch man did his beste endevour for the buildinge
of the fort.
Satterdaye beinge the 5th of September thear Cam into the entraunce
of the ryver of Sagadehocke nine Canoos in the which was Dehanada &
skidwarres with many others in the wholl near fortye persons men
women & Children they Cam & parled with us & we aggain ussed them
in all frindly maner We Could & gave them vyttaills for to eatt··So
skidwarres & on more of them stayed with us untill nyght··the rest of
them withdrew them in thear Canooas to the farther Syd of the ryver.
but when nyght Cam for that skidwares woold needs go to the rest of
his Company Capt. Gilbert acompaned with James Davis & Capt. ellis
best took them into our bott & Caryed them to thear Company on the
farther syd the ryver & thear remained amongst them all the nyght &
early in the mornynge the Sallvages departed in thear Canooas for the
ryver of pemaquid promyssinge Capt. Gilbert to acompany hem in thear
Canooas to the ryver of penobskott whear the bashabe remayneth.
The 6th nothinge happened··the 7th our ship the Mary & John began to
discharge her vyttualls.
Tuesday beinge the 8th September Capt. Gilbert acompaned with xxij
others my Selffe beinge on of them departed from the fort to go for
the ryver of penobskott takinge with hem divers Sorts of Merchandise
for to trad with the Bashabe who ys the Cheeffe Comander of those
parts but the wind was Contrary againste hem so that he could nott
Com to dehanada & skidwares at the time apointed for··ytt was the
xjth daye beffor he Could gett to the ryver of pemaquid Whear they do
make thear abbod.
Frydaye beinge the xjth in the mornynge early we Cam into the ryver
of pemaquyd thear to Call nahanada & skidwarres as we had promyste
them but beinge thear aryved we found no Lyvinge Creatuer··they all
wear gon from thence the which we perseavinge presently departed
towards the ryver of penobskott··Saillinge all this daye & the xijth
& xiijth the Lyke yett by no means Could we fynd ytt··So our vitall
beinge spent we hasted to retorn··So the wynd Cam faier for us & we
Sailled all the 14th & 15th dayes in retornynge the Wind blowinge
very hard att north & this mornynge the 15th daye we pseaved a
blassing star in the northest of vs.
The 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 2jth 22th nothinge hapened but all
Labored hard about the fort & the store house for to Land our
wyttaills.
The 23th beinge Wensdaye Capt. Gilbert acompaned with 19 others my
Selffe on of them departed from the fort to go for the head of the
ryver of Sagadehock··we Sailled all this daye So did we the Lyke
the 24th untill the evenynge then we Landed thear to remain that
Nyght··hear we found a gallant Champion Land & exceedinge fertill So
hear we remayned all nyght.
The 25th beinge frydaye early in the mornynge we departed from hence
& sailled up the ryver about eyght Leags farther untill we Cam unto
an Illand ♦_Augusta_♦ beinge Lo Land & flatt··att this Illand ys a
great down Fall of watter the which runeth by both Sydes of this
Illand very swyfte & shallow··in this Illand we found greatt store of
grapes exceedinge good and sweett of to Sorts both red butt the on of
them ys a mervellous deepe red. by both the syds of this ryver the
grapes grow in aboundance & allso very good Hoppes & also Chebolls &
garleck. ♦_Wild onion_♦ and for the goodnesse of the Land ytt doth so
far abound that I Cannott allmost expresse the Sam hear we all went
ashore & with a stronge Rope made fast to our bott & on man in her
to gyde her aggainst the Swyfte stream we pluckt her up throwe ytt
perforce··after we had past this down-Fall we all went into our bott
again & rowed near a Leage farther up into the ryver & nyght beinge
att hand we hear stayed all nyght. & in the fryst of the night about
ten of the Cloke thear Cam on the farther syd of the ryver sartain
Salvages Calling unto us in broken inglyshe··we answered them aggain
So for this time they departed.
The 26th beinge Satterdaye thear Cam a Canooa unto us & in hear fower
salvages those that had spoken unto us in the nyght beffore his name
that Came unto us ys Sabenoa··he macks himselffe unto us to be Lord
of the ryver of Sagadehock.
Henry Hudson
1609
PENOBSCOT
&
THE FISHING BANKS
HENRY HUDSON, _having tried in vain to find a sea route to China
through the ice fields which stretched across his path all the way
from Greenland to Spitzbergen or Willoughby Land, transferred his
services in the winter of 1609 from the English Muscovy Company to
the Dutch East India Company. He started to make a further trial of
the Northeast passage, but while off the coast of Novaya Zemlya,
his crews refused to go further in that direction. Abandoned by his
consort, Hudson persuaded the men on his own ship, the Half Moon,
to cross the Atlantic and try their luck in America. They made
land on the Nova Scotia coast, and after beating about over the
fishing banks and looking at the shores of Maine and southeastern
Massachusetts, went on to another landfall in the latitude of
Virginia. Turning northward, they sailed up the coast and into the
river which has since borne their leader’s name._
_The surviving log-book or journal of Hudson’s third voyage was
kept by Robert Juet, who had been his mate during the second
voyage, and who took a leading part in the mutiny which ended
when the leader was turned adrift in a small boat in Hudson’s
Bay in 1611. It was printed in the third volume of “Purchas his
Pilgrimes,” London, 1625._
[Illustration: (Decorative banner)]
THE THIRD VOYAGE of Master HENRY HUDSON, Written by ROBERT JUET, of
Lime-House.
THE twelfth of July was very foggie, ♦_1609 July_♦ we stood our
course all the morning till eleven of the clocke; at which time we
had sight of land, which is low white sandie ground, right on head
off us; and had ten fathoms. Then we tackt to the southward, and
stood off foure glasses: then we tackt to the land againe, thinking
to have rode under it, and as we came neere it, the fog was so thicke
that we could not see; so wee stood off againe. From mid-night to two
of the clocke, we came sounding in twelve, thirteene, and fourteene
fathoms off the shoare. At foure of the clocke, we had 20 fathoms. At
eight of the clocke at night, 30 fathoms. At twelve of the clocke, 65
fathoms, and but little winde, for it deeped apace, but the neerer
the shoare the fairer shoalding.
The thirteenth, faire sun-shining weather, from eight of the clocke
in the fore-noone all day after, but in the morning it was foggie.
Then at eight of the clocke we cast about for the shoare, but could
not see it; the wind being at south by our true compasse, wee steered
west and by north. At noone we observed, and found our height to bee
43 degrees, 25 minutes; so we steered away west and by north all the
afternoone. At foure of the clocke in the afternoone we sounded,
and had five and thirtie fathoms. And at sixe of the clocke wee had
sight of the land, and saw two sayles on head off us. The land by
the waters side is low land, and white sandie bankes rising, full of
little hils. Our soundings were 35, 33, 30, 28, 32, 37, 33, and 32
fathoms.
The fourteenth, full of mysts flying and vading, the wind betweene
south and south-west; we steered away west north-west, and north-west
and by west. Our soundings were 29, 25, 24, 25, 22, 25, 27, 30, 28,
30, 35, 43, 50, 70, 90, 70, 64, 86, 100 fathoms, and no ground.