[The essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Oliver
Wendell Holmes, Henry D. Thoreau, Thomas Wentworth Higginson,
Charles Dudley Warner, and John Burroughs, are used by permission
of, and by arrangement with, The Houghton Mifflin Company, the
authorized publishers of their works. The essays by George William
Curtis and by William Dean Howells are used by permission of Harper
and Brothers. The essays by William Crary Brownell, Edward Sanford
Martin, Nicholas Murray Butler, and Theodore Roosevelt are printed
by permission of Charles Scribner's Sons, the essay by Charles
William Eliot by permission of The Century Company, and that by
Henry James by permission of The Macmillan Company.]