Abate, lessen, put an end to, A. 123; B. 1356.
Abate, abode, A. 617.
Abayst, downcast, abashed, B. 149, pret. of _abaisse_ or _abash_, Fr.
_esbahir_.
Able, A. 599.
Abof, above, A. 1023.
Abominacione, B. 1173.
Abroched, commenced, A. 1123.
Abyde, (_a_) await, B. 436, 486; (_b_) endure, C. 7. A.S. _abidan_.
Abydyng, _sb._ C. 419.
Abyme, abyss, B. 363; C. 143.
Abyt, habit, dress, B. 141.
{Accorde, Acorde,} agreement, A. 509, Fr. _accorder_, to agree with.
Achaped, escaped, B. 970.
Achaufe, kindle, B. 1143.
Acheue, accomplish, A. 475.
Acroche, encroach, A. 1069, Fr. _accrocher_, to hook on; from _croc_,
a hook.
Adaunt = daunt, A. 157.
Adoun, down, A. 988; B. 953.
Adreȝ, aside, aback, B. 71. The word is used by Gower under the form
_adrigh_. _O-dreghe_, _one-dreghe_, are other forms of the word. Sc.
_on-dreich_.
“The tother withdrewe, _one-dreghe_
And durste do none other.” --(Morte Arthure, p. 352.)
“The tother droȝhe him _o-dreghe_ for drede of the knyȝte.”
--(Anturs of Arther, xliv. 3.)
“He with drogh hym _a draght_ & a dyn made.” --(T. B. 1224.)
{Adubbement, Adubmente,} adornment, A. 84, 85, O.Fr. _adoubement_;
_dober_, _douber_, garnish, deck; Fr. _douber_, to rig or trim a
ship; Prov. Fr. _adobar_, to arrange, prepare.
Adyte, A. 349.
Affraye, _sb._ fear, A. 1174; _vb._ frighten, B. 1780; Fr. _effrayer_,
to scare, affright; _effroi_, terror. Cf. _fray_, to scare birds.
Affyen, trust, C. 331.
{Agayn, Agayne, Agaynes,} against, B. 266, 826, 1711.
Agayneȝ, towards, B. 611.
Agayn-tote, _sb._ a looking back, B. 931. _Tote_, look, peep, as a
verb or a noun, is common in Old English writers.
“She went up wightly by a wall syde,
To the toppe of a tower, & _tot_ ouer the water.” --(T. B. 862.)
Age, A. 412, B. 426.
Aglyȝte, slipped from, A. 245. _Glyȝt_, as a verb, signifies not only
to slip but to _glance_, look. Cf. _leme_ = gleam, glance, slip.
Alabaunderynes, B. 1470.
Alarom, alarm, B. 1207.
Al-bare, clearly, A. 1025.
Alce = als, also, B. 1377.
Alder = elder, A. 621, _Aldest_, A. 1042, B. 1333.
Alder-men, elders, A. 887.
Alegge, alledge, A. 703.
Aliche, alike, B. 1477.
Alkaran = alkatran, B. 1035.
Alle-kynneȝ, all kinds of, A. 1028.
Allyt = a lyt = ? a little, B. 599.
Almyȝt, almighty, A. 498.
Alofte, on high, B. 1183.
Al-one, A. 933.
Al-only, except, A. 779.
Alosed, destroyed, B. 274. See _lose_.
Alow, approve, praise, reward, A. 634. O.Fr. _louer_. Lat. _laudare_.
Aloynte, removed, far from (from O.E. _aloigne_, _alogne_, to remove,
carry off. O.Fr. _aloigner_).
Aloȝ, alow, softly, B. 670.
Als, also, B. 253, 827, C. 516.
Also, as, B. 984, 1045, 1792.
{Also-tyd, Als-tyd, As-tyd,} at once, immediately, B. 64. See _tyd_.
Al-þaȝ, although, A. 759.
Alþer-fayrest, fairest of all, B. 1379.
Alþer-fynest, finest of all, B. 1637.
Alþer-rychest, richest of all, B. 1666.
Alþer-swettest, sweetest of all, B. 699.
Alum, B. 1035.
Amaffised, B. 1470.
Amaraunȝ, B. 1470.
Amatyst, amethyst, A. 1016.
Ame, (1) _vb._ place, B. 698; (2) _sb._ purpose, C. 128. Germ.
_ahmen_. Bavarian, _amen_, _hämen_, to guage a cask, fathom,
measure.
Amended, B. 248.
Amesyng, _sb._ moderation, C. 400. See _mese_.
Amoneste, admonish, B. 818.
Amounted, B. 395.
Amoynt, company, A. 895.
And = an, if, B. 864.
An-ende (on-ende), lastly, finally, A. 186.
An-ende = anente, opposite, A. 1136; respecting, A. 697.
An-endeȝ = anentes, opposite, A. 975. Sc. _anens_.
Anger, A. 343, B. 572.
Angré, bitter, B. 1035.
Anguych, anguish, C. 325.
Ankreȝ, anchors, B. 418, C. 103.
Anon, at once (= anane, onane, in one moment), A. 584.
Anournement, ornament, B. 1290.
Anoynted, B. 1446.
Answar, answer, A. 518.
Anter, peril, C. 242. To _aunter_, put a thyng in daunger, or
adventure, _adventurer_ (Palsgrave).
An-vnder, under, A. 1081. Sc. _anonder_. Cf. _down_ and _adown_, _low_
and _alow_.
Aparaunt, B. 1007.
Apassed, past, A. 540.
Apert, openly, A. 589.
Apparaylmente, ornaments, A. 1052.
Apparement, ornaments, B. 1270. Fr. _appareiller_, to fit, suit.
Appose, _vb._ question, A. 902. Fr. _apposer_, to lay or set on, or
near to.
Aproche, A. 686, B. 8, 167. Fr. _approcher_, draw near. Lat. _prope_,
near.
Apyke, adorn, B. 1479, 1637.
Aquyle, demand, ask, obtain, A. 690, 966. O.Fr. _aquillir_, to gather.
{Aray, Araye,} A. 719, 1166; B. 816, 1442. O.Fr. _arroyer_, _arréer_,
dispose, set in order.
Arayned, arraigned, C. 191. O.Fr. _arraisonner_, _arraigner_.
Are, before, previously, B. 438, 1128.
Arende, errand, message, C. 72, A.S. _aerend_, _aerende_.
Arest, _sb._ abode, resting place, B. 906.
Areset, _vb._ stop, cease, B. 766, remain, C. 144. Fr. _arrester_.
Lat. _arestare_.
Arewarde, apostate, B. 208. Sc. _areird_, backward.
{Arn, Arne,} are, A. 458, 628, B. 8, 1810.
Aryue, A. 447.
Aryȝt, aright, A. 112.
Arȝe, terrify, frighten, fear, B. 572, 713. Provincial _arfe_,
_arghe_, afraid. Cf. “_Arwe_ or ferefulle (_arwhe_, K. arowe or
ferdfulle P.). Timidus, pavidus, formidolus.” (Prompt. Parv.) The
original notion is that of laziness, inertness, and hence timidity,
fear, etc. A.S. _earg_, inert, timid, weak. Ger. _arg_, bad. Du.
_erg_. Icel. _argr_, lazy, cowardly. Sc. _argh_, _arch_, to
hesitate, be reluctant.
“Antenor _arghet_ with austerne wordes.” --(T. B. 1977.)
“Antenor, _arghly_ auntrid of ship.” --(T. B. 1831.)
“A! Anec. quoth the qwene
me _arȝes_ of my selfe,
I am all in aunter, sa
akis me the wame.” --(K. Alex. p. 29.)
“Sir Alexander and his ost was _arȝed_ unfaire.”
--(_Ibid._ p. 132.)
Ar, are, B. 1725.
Are ? ane, one, A. 711.
As, also, B. 179.
As-bare, ? _al bare_, clearly, openly, A. 836.
Asayl, B. 1188.
Ascape, escape, B. 569.
Ascry, _sb._ cry, outcry, B. 1784. _vb_. C. 195. Swed. _anskri_,
outcry, scream. O.N. _skri_, cry.
{Asent, Asente,} A. 391, “in _asent_,” B. 788.
Askeȝ, ashes, B. 626.
Askry, shout, cry, B. 1206. See _ascry_.
Aslypped, escaped, lost, C. 218.
Aspaltoun, asphalt, B. 1038.
Asperly, sharply, C. 373.
Assayl, C. 301.
Asscaped, escaped, B. 1776.
Asscry, cry, shout. See _ascry_.
Assemble, B. 1364, 1769.
Assemblé, A. 760.
Asspye, espy, see, A. 704, 1035.
{Assyse, Asyse,} form, fashion, A. 97, B. 844, service, B. 639.
Astate, state, A. 393.
Astraye, A. 1162.
Astel, stole from, B. 1524.
As-tyt, immediately, at once, A. 645, B. 935.
Asure, B. 1411.
Aswage, C. 3.
At, that, A. 672.
Atlyng, purpose, B. 688. Sc. _ettle_, to endeavour. N.Prov.E. _ettle_,
_attle_, intend. Icel. _aetla_.
“Armur & all thing _atlet_ before.” --(T. B. 855.)
Aþel, noble, B. 258, 411, 940, gracious, B. 761, fine, B. 1276, A.S.
aeþele, noble, excellent.
Atount, so much (?), A. 179.
At-slyke, slip away, A. 575.
Atteny, attain, reach, A. 548.
Attled, endeavoured. See _atlyng_.
Attled, endowed, B. 207. It sometimes occurs under the form _aghteld_.
N.Prov.E. _ettle_, to deal out, distribute. A.S. _aeht_, possession.
“She was eldist & heire _etlit_ to his londes.” --(T. B. 394.)
At-wappe, escape, B. 1205. See _Wap_.
Atyre, B. 114.
Augoste, august, A. 39.
Auncetereȝ, auncestors, B. 258.
{Aven, Aune,} own, B. 11, 1222.
Aunte, A. 233.
Aunter, adventure, marvel, B. 1600. See T. B. 1899.
Auter, altar, B. 10.
Autly, noble, B. 795. A.S. _áhtlíce_, courageously, manfully.
Avaunt, _sb._ promise, B. 664.
Avayment, show, B. 1358. F. _avoier_.
Auaye, show, B. 1311.
Auenture, adventure, A. 64. O.Fr. _aventure_.
Auise, advise, B. 1365.
Avow, B. 664.
Avoy, away! B. 863.
Avyle, defile, B. 1151, 1713.
Avysyoun, vision, A. 1184.
Awayed, shown, A. 710.
Awayle, avail, B. 408.
Awowe, avow, C. 333.
Ay, always, ever, A. 33, 720. A.S. _áva_, _a_, all, ever. O.Fris. _a_.
Germ. _je_, ever.
Ayre, heir, B. 650, 1709.
Ayþer, each, A. 831.
Aywhere, everywhere, B. 228.
Aȝer = asure, B. 1457.
Aȝly = awly, fearfully, B. 874, 937. Dan. _ave_, fear. Eng. _awe_.
O.Eng. _agh_. Cf. A.S. _aglác_, misery, grief.
{Aȝt, Aȝte,} ought, _pret._ of _aȝe_, _agh_, or _awe_, B. 122.
Aȝt, eight, B. 357, C. 11, 29.
Aȝt-sum, sorrowful, B. 411.
Aȝtþe, eighth, A. 1011.
Baboyne, baboon, B. 1409.
Babtem, A. 627. See _Baptem_.
Bachlereȝ, batchelors, young men not yet raised to the order of
knighthood, B. 86.
Baft, abaft, C. 148. A.S. _baefta_, the hinder part.
Bagge, baggage. C. 158.
Bale, bales, C. 157. Sw. _bal_. Fr. _balle_, _bal_, a ball or pack.
Bale, sorrow, woe; also misery, calamity, A. 18, 373; B. 1243, 1256;
_baleȝ_, A. 123, 807. O.Fris. _bale_. A.S. _bealu_, torment,
destruction. Icel. _böl_. Phrases: “bodyly _bale_” (pain), A. 478;
“_bale_ (torment) of helle,” A. 651, “_bale_-stour,” death pang,
C. 426.
Baleleȝ = baleless, innocent, C. 227.
Balke, ridge of land, balk, A. 62. Icel. _balkr_, the division between
the stalls in a cow-house. Sw. _balka_, to partition off.
“To my shepe wylle I stalk, and herkyn anone,
Ther abyde on a _balk_, or sytt on a stone.”
--(Town. Myst. p. 99.)
Balleful = baleful, wretched, wicked, B. 979.
Balter, hop, jump, skip, C. 459.
Balterande, halting, limping, B. 103. Sc. _balter_, to dance.
“He baltyrde, he bleryde.” --(Morte Arthure, p. 66.)
Etymologically it is connected with _palter_ and _falter_, and is
applicable either to the unsteady gait of the lame or faltering
steps of the blind.
Baly = bayly, authority, jurisdiction, dominion, A. 1083.
Baneres, B. 1404.
Banne, proclamation, decree, B. 95, 1361.
Banne, curse, B. 468, 885. Sw. _bann_, excommunication; _banna_, to
reprove, chide, curse.
“_Bannet_ worthe the bale tyme þat ho borne was.”
T. B. 1388.
Banne, comfort, strengthen, B. 620. O.Sc. _bawne_.
Bantel, A. 991, 1017; B. 1459, posts, pillars.
Baptem, baptism, A. 627, 653.
Baptysed, A. 818.
Barayn, barren, B. 659.
Bare, _adj._ naked, B. 452; _sb._ 791.
Bare, only, B. 1573. Sw. _bara_.
Bared, disclosed, B. 1149.
Bare-heued, bare-headed, B. 633.
{Bareres, Barreȝ,} bars, barriers, B. 963, 1239; C. 321. W. _bar_,
rail, shaft. Fr. _barre_; _barrière_, a barrier. Cf. Sw. _s-parre_.
Eng. _s-par_.
Barme, bosom, C. 510. A.S. _bearm_. “_Barme_ gremium.” (Prompt. Parv.)
“He fond Horn in arme
On Rymenhilde _barme_.” --(K. Horn, p. 294.)
Barnage, childhood, B. 517.
Barne, child, son, A. 426; _barneȝ_, A. 1040; B. 1085. Sc. _bairn_.
A.S. _bearn_.
Baronage, nobility, B. 1424. See T. B. 211.
Barouneȝ, barons, B. 82, 1398.
{Barreȝ, Barers,} bars, B. 884, 1263.
Barst, burst, B. 963.
{Base, Basse,} base, foundation, A. 1000, B. 1278. See T. B. 1652.
Bassyn, basin, B. 1145, 1278.
Bastele, B. 1187. “_Bastyle_ of a castelle or cytye. Fascennia.”
(Prompt. Parv.)
Basyng, base, A. 992.
Bated, abated, B. 440.
Bater, B. 1416.
Batelment, B. 1459.
Baþe, dip, plunge, B. 1248.
Bausen, badger, B. 392. “_Bawstone_ or _bawsone_, or a gray, Taxus,
melota.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Bawelyne, bow-line, B. 417.
Bay, recess, B. 1392. The original meaning seems to be _opening_ of
any kind. Cf. _bay_, space in a building between two main beams
(Forby).
Bayly, dominion, A. 315, 442.
Bayn, _adv._ readily, willingly, A. 807, B. 1511; ready, C. 136.
N.Prov.E. _bane_, near, convenient. “_Beyn_ or plyaunte.
Flexibilis.” (Prompt. Parv.) _Bainly_, readily, T. B. 135.
Baysment, abasement, A. 174.
Bayte, B. 55. O.N. _beita_.
Baytayled, fortified, B. 1183.
Beauté, A. 749.
{Bed, Bede,} bid, command, invite; _p.p._ _beden_, A. 715, B. 95, 440.
See T. B. 389.
Beke, beak, B. 487.
Bekyrande, _sb._ bikering, fighting, B. 1474. “_Bekyryn_ or fyghtyn
(_bikkeringe_), Pugno, dimico.” (Prompt. Parv.)
“Bolde men to batell and _biker_ with hond.”
T. B. 2944.
Bele, _vb._ boil, A. 18. N.Prov.E. _bele_.
Bem, beam, ray, “_bem_ of þe brode heuen,” B. 603.
Bem, tree, A. 814.
{Ben, Bene,} are, _3rd pers. pl._ A. 572.
Bench, seat, B. 130, 854.
Bene, fair, A. 198.
Bene, _adj._ kind, merciful, C. 418.
Bent, field, plain, B. 532, 1675. See T. B. 1192.
Ber, bore, _pret._ of _bere_, to bear, A. 426, B. 1480.
Berdles, beardless, B. 789.
Bereste, breast, A. 854.
Berfray, watch tower, B. 1187. O.F. _berfroi_, _beffroit_. Fr.
_beffroir_. M.Lat. _belfredum_. The modern English _belfry_ is a
corruption of _berfray_.
Beryl, A. 110, 1011.
Beryng, condition, state, behaviour, B. 1060, 1228.
Best, beast, B. 288, 351.
Beste, _sb._ best (one), A. 279.
Besten, of beasts, B. 1446.
Bete, (the fire) mend, repair, kindle, B. 627, _p.p._ _bet_, B. 1012.
Prov.E. _beat_, to mend, repair. A.S. _bétan_, (1) to improve,
repair; (2) joined with _fyr_ to mend a fire, to light or make a
fire, to kindle.
Bete, save, A. 757. A.S. _bétan_, to remedy. Du. _boeten_, mend, fine,
expiate.
Betȝ = bes, shall be, A. 611. Present tense with future signification.
Beuerage, drink, liquor, B. 1433, 1717. Fr. _beuvrage_, from Lat.
_bibere_.
Bewar, beware, B. 292.
Bewté, A. 765.
Beyng, _sb._ being, existence, A. 446.
Bibbe, sip, drink, B. 1499. Prov.E. _beb_. Du. _biberen_, to drink
much.
“Bacus he was brayne-wode for _bebbing_ of wynes.”
--(K. Alex. p. 154.)
Bicalt, becalled, called from, A. 1163.
“The kyng was full curteus, _calt_ on a maiden.” --(T. B. 388.)
Bi-cnv, acknowledged, B. 1327.
Bidde, bide, abide. C. 51.
Biden, _p.p._ of _bide_ = _abide_, B. 616.
{Bifalle, Byfalle,} befal, A. 186.
Bifore, before, A. 49.
{Bigge, Bygge,} great, B. 43, _bygger_, A. 374.
Bigge, build, B. 1666. A.Sax. _byggan_. Icel. _byggia_. O.Sw. _bygga_,
build, also inhabit.
Bigly, strongly, C. 321. See T. B. 904.
Bigonne, began, B. 123.
Bihynde, behind, B. 918.
Biholde, behold, B. 150.
Bihyȝt, promised, C. 29.
Bikenne, give, hand over, B. 1296.
Bilde, built, B. 1392.
Bileue, remain, B. 1549.
Bilooghe, below, B. 116.
Birle, pour out, B. 1511. Prov.E. _burl_. A.S. _byrelian_, to give to
drink.
“And seruanz war at this bridale
That _birled_ win in cupp and schal.” --(Met. Hom. p. 120.)
Birolled, berolled, B. 959.
Biseche, beseech, B. 614.
Bisoȝten, besought, C. 375.
Bispeke, speak, C. 169.
Bisyde, beside, B. 926.
Bi-talt, aroused, A. 1161. A.S. _tealtian_, _tealtrian_; (1) to
_tilt_, shake; (2) to be in danger. William of Shoreham uses one
form of this word:
“For ȝef that water his kende lest
That cristninge stant _te-tealte_.” --(Poems, p. 9.)
“For if that water its kind loseth,
That christening standeth tottery, insecure” (_i.e._ not binding).
Biteche, give up to, entrust to, B. 871; pret. _bitaȝt_.
Bited, bit, C. 373.
{Biþenkke, Biþenke,} bethink, B. 1357.
Biþoȝt, bethought, B. 125.
Bityde, betide; _pret._ bitydde, C. 61.
Bityde, befall, B. 1804.
Blade, B. 1105.
Blake, black, A. 945; B. 747, 1449.
Blame, _vb._ A. 275; B. 877, 1661; _sb._ B. 43.
Blande, “in blande,” together, B. 885. See _blende_.
{Blasfamye, Blasfemyon,} B. 1661, 1712.
Blayke, yellow, A. 27. Brockett has _blayke_ with the sense of yellow,
of a golden colour. “_Bleyke_ of coloure.” Pallidus, subalbus.
(Prompt. Parv.)
“Ther (in paradyse) were floures bothe blew and _blake_,
Of alle frutes thei myth ther take.” --(Cov. Myst. p. 2.)
Blaȝt, white, A. 212, _p.p._ of _bleach_, just as _raȝt_ is of
_reach_. Sc. _blaucht_.
“As _blaȝt_ ere thaire wedis
As any snyppand snawe.” --(K. Alex. p. 54.)
Ble, colour, complexion, A. 76, 212; B. 791, 1759. Prov.E. _ble_,
_bly_. A.S. _bleo_.
Bleaunt, a robe of fine linen, A. 163. O.Eng. _bliant_, fine linen,
W. _llian_, linen. The _bl_ is merely an imitation of the Celtic
_ll_.
“A blewe _bleaunt_ obofe brade him al ovir.” --(K. Alex. p. 167.)
Blench, stratagem, device, B. 1202. O.N. _blekkia_.
Blemyst, blemished, B. 1421. O.Fr. _blesmir_.
{Blende, Blente,} blended, mingled, mixt. A. 385, 1016; B. 967, 1788.
A.S. _blendian_. Icel. _blanda_, to mix.
Blo = bla, blue, livid, pale. B. 1017; C. 134. O.H.G. _blao_, N.Fris.
_bla_. O.Sc. _bla_.
{Blober, Bluber,} = blubber, waves, C. 221, 266. Prov.E. _blubber_,
bubble; _blob_, _bleb_, a bubble. “_Blobure_ (blobyre, P.)
Burbulium.” (Prompt. Parv.) “_Blober_ upon water (or bubble)
bouteillis.” (Palsg.) “The water _blubbers_ up.” (Baker,
Northamptonshire Glossary.)
Blod, a child, B. 686. Supposing the _bl_ to represent _ll_ we might
refer it to the W. _llawd_, a youth, _lad_. O.Sw. _g-lott_. Cf.
_bliant_, _bleant_, from W. _llian_.
“þis Abel was a blissid _blod_,
Bot Caim was the findes (devil’s) fode (offspring).”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 7b.)
Blod, blood, A. 650.
Blok, space, C. 272.
{Blom, Blome,} flower, bloom, A. 578, B. 1467. Sw. _bloma_, a flower.
Du. _bloeme_. Ger. _blume_. “_Blome_ flowre. Flos.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Blomeȝ, blooms, flowers, A. 27.
Blonk, horse, _pl._ _blonkeȝ_, B. 87, 1392. See T. B. 2371.
Blonkken, _gen. pl._ of horses, B. 1412.
Blosched, looked, C. 343. See _Blusch_.
Blose = blese, blaze, flame. A. 911. Icel. _blossi_, a flame. A.S.
_blaese_, a torch. Dan. _blus_.
Blot, spot, blemish, defilement, A. 782.
“Ye ben worthy, he saide, to be _blottede_ and _spottede_, foulede
and defoulede with fenne (mire) and with drit of water (_luto
inquinari_), and of blode, that in tyme of werre ne were nat be
bespreynt, ne be wette with ennemyes blode.” (Quoted by Way, from
Roy. MS. 18, A. xii. B. iii. c. 10.)
Blubrande = blubbering, bubbling, foaming, B. 1017. See _blobber_.
Blunt, rushed, C. 272.
Blunt, faint, A. 176. Icel. _blunda_, to sleep. Sw. _blunda_, to close
the eyes. Dan. _blende_, to dazzle. Cf. “Blunt of wytte. Hebes.”
(Prompt. Parv.)
{Blusch, Blusche,} look, glance, A. 980, 1083, B. 904, 998, 1537.
N.Prov.E. _blush_, resemblance. Cf. “At the first _blush_,” at the
first appearance, at first sight. Dan. _blusse_, to blaze, flame,
glow. There seems to be an etymological connection with words
signifying to look, glow, blaze, shine, etc.
“The kyng _blyschit_ on the beryne (man) with his brode eghne.”
--(Morte Arthure, p. 10.)
“He _blusshed_ ouer backeward to þe brodesee.” --(See T. B. 1316.)
{Blusnande, Blysnande,} shining, B. 1404. Icel. _blys_. Dan. _blus_,
a torch. Du. _blos_, redness. Dan. _blusse_, to glow. Icel. _lysa_,
to shine. Pl. D. _bleistern_, to glisten.
Bluster, B. 886, to wander or stray about.
“Ac there was wight noon so wys
The wey thider kouthe,
But _blustreden_ forth as beestes
Over bankes and hilles.” --(Piers Ploughman, p. 108.)
Blwe, blue, A. 423.
Blwe, blew, B. 885.
Blykked, shone, B. 603. A.S. _blican_, glitter, dazzle. Ger.
_blicken_, shine, glance, look. Du. _blicken_, glitter; _blick_,
a flash.
“Hire bleo _blyketh_ so bryht
So feyr heo is ant fyn.” --(Lyric Poems, p. 52.)
Blyknande, shining, B. 1467.
Blykned = blaykned, became black, B. 1759.
Blynde, to become faded, dull, B. 1126.
Blynne, cease, A. 729, B. 440, 1661, 1812. A.S. _blinnan_ (for
_be-linnan_).
{Blysfol, Blysful,} blissful, A. 279, 409.
Blysnande, shining, A. 163. See _blusnande_.
Blysned, shone, A. 1048.
Blyþe, joy, A. 354. Blythe is still used as a noun in the North of
England.
Blyþely, joyfully, A. 385.
Bobaunce, boasting, Fr. _bobance_, B. 179, 1712.
{Bod, Bode,} command, B. 979; C. 56. A.S. _bod_, _gebod_, command,
precept, message. “_Bode_ or massage (_boode_, H.) nuncium.”
(Prompt. Parv.)
Bod = abode, _pret._ of _bide_ = abide, A. 62; B. 982; wait for,
B. 467.
Bodworde, message, B. 473. See T. B. 6262.
Bodyly, A. 478.
Boffet, blast, B. 885.
Boffeteȝ, buffets, blows, A. 809; _boffet_, B. 43.
Bok-lered, book-learned, B. 1551.
Bold, bad, A. 806. A.S. _báld_, audacious. Sw. _båld_, proud, haughty,
warlike. In early English writers the term was applied indifferently
to men and women of bad character.
“Þou do me bote again þis _bald_ (bad one)
For al þe soth I haf þe tald.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 48b.)
Bol, bull, B. 1682; _pl._ _boleȝ_, B. 55.
Bole, the round stem of a tree, B. 622. It enters also into
composition in the word _throte_-bolle. _Pl._ _bolleȝ_, A. 76.
Icel. _bolr_. Dan. _bul_. Sw. _bål_, trunk of a man’s body. See
T. B. 4960.
Bolle, bowl, B. 1145, 1511. A.S. _bolla_. Icel. _bolli_.
Bolled, embossed, B. 1464.
Bolnande, swelling, B. 179.
Bolne, swell, A. 18; B. 363. Icel. _bolgna_. Sw. _bulna_, to swell. In
some early English works we find _bollen_ (ibolȝe) the _p.p._ of a
verb _bolȝe_ = bulge, swell. “Bolnyn, Tumeo, turgeo, tumesco.”
(Prompt. Parv.)
Bonc, bank, A. 907.
Bone, prayer, petition, command (= boon). A. 912, 916; B. 826. A.S.
_ben_. S.Sax. _bone_. O.N. _bón_ rogatio. “_Bone_ or graunte of
prayer (_boone_ P.) Precarium, peticio.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Bone, good, B. 28.
{Boner, Bonere,} good, B. 733.
Bonerté, goodness, A. 762.
Bongre, willingly, agreeably to, C. 56. See _Gre_.
Bonk, bank, hill, A. 931, B. 379. Ger. _bank_, bench, bank of a river,
etc.
Bor, bower, chamber, dwelling, A. 964. A.S. _bur_, a chamber. Icel.
_bur_. N.Prov.E. _boor_, a parlour.
Bore, born, A. 239, B. 584.
Borde, table, B. 1433, 1717.
Borde, board of a vessel, B. 470; C. 211.
Boreȝ, boars, B. 55.
Borges, burgess; sometimes written _burgeise_, C. 366. O.Fr.
_bourgeois_, from Lat. _burgensis_.
Borgoun, to burgeon, bud forth, B. 1042. Fr. _bourgeon_, _bourjon_,
young bud or sprig. Prov. Fr. _boure_, bud. Fr. _abourioner_, to bud
or sprout forth. See T. B. 4964.
Borlych, burly, B. 1488.
Borne = burne, stream, water, B. 482; _borneȝ heued_, head of the
stream, source, A. 974. A.S. _burne_. Goth. _brunna_. Icel.
_brunnr_. G. _born_, _brunnen_, well, spring.
Bornyst, burnished, A. 77, 220, B. 554. Fr. _brunir_, to polish.
Boroȝt = broȝt, brought, A. 628.
{Borȝ, Borȝe,} city, town, A. 957, 989, B. 45, 834, 1750. A.S. _burg_,
_burh_. Goth. _baurgs_. Icel. _borg_.
Bos = bus = behoves, B. 687.
Bosk, take, B. 351; _boske_ to, go to, B. 834. See _Busk_.
Boskeȝ, bushes, B. 322. Icel. _buskr_.
Bosum, bay, C. 107. Cf. N.Prov.E. _bosom_, the eddy.
“Eneas and his feris on the strand
Wery and forwrocht, sped thame to the nerrest land,
And at the cost of Lyby arryvit he.
Ane havyn place with a lang hals or entre
Thar is, with an ile enveronyt on ather part,
To brek the wallis and storm of every art,
Within, the water in a _bosum_ gays.” --(G. Doug. vol. i. p. 33.)
Bost, boast, arrogance. B. 179, 1450.
Boster, boaster, B. 1499.
Bostwys = busteous, boisterous, rough, fierce, A. 814. Pl. Du.
_büster_, wild, fearful, savage. Cf. “_Boystows_, rudis.” (Prompt.
Parv.) _Bustus_, rudis, rigidus, to be _bustus_, rudere. (Cath.
Angl.) The form _bostwys_ would seem to point to _bost_, boast, as
the probable root.
Bot, “to bot,” to boot, B. 473.
Bot, command, B. 944. A.S. _beot_, threat, promise.
Bot, only, A. 18, 382, except, A. 972; _bot-if_, unless, B. 1110.
Bote, saviour, A. 275, 645; remedy, safety, C. 163. A.S. _bót_,
amends, atonement; _gebétan_, to make amends. Du. _boet_, remedy;
_boeten_, to mend.
Boþe, booth, tent, C. 441.
{Boþem, Boþom,} valley, dale, B. 383, 450; pit, sea, B. 1030.
_Bottom_, a valley, is still used in many of our provincial
dialects, and is a frequent element in local names. A.S. _botm_,
lowest point, depth, abyss. Du. _bodem_. Germ. _boden_. Icel.
_botn_.
Bothem, bottom, C. 144.
Boþemleȝ, bottomless, B. 1022.
{Bouel, Bowel,} bowel, gut, B. 1251; C. 293.
Bougoun (?) B. 1416.
Boun, (1) ready; (2) finished, A. 534, 992, 1103. See T. B. 827.
N.Prov.E. _boun_. Icel. _bua_, to prepare, p.p. _buinn_, prepared,
ready.
Bounden, fastened, B. 322; bound (_p.p._ of _binde_), A. 1103.
Bounet, went, _pret._ of _boun_ or _bown_, to go, B. 1398. See _boun_.
See T. B. 827, 5230.
“And (he) _bownnes_ over a brode mede
With breth (anger) at his herte.” --(M. Arthure, p. 290.)
Bounté, goodness, B. 1436.
Boureȝ (bowers), chambers. B. 322. See _Bor_.
Bourne = burne, man, A. 617.
Bourȝ = borȝ, city, B. 1377. See _Borȝ_.
Boute, without, B. 260, 824; C. 523.
{Bow, Bowe,} to go, walk, literally, to bend (one’s steps). A. 126,
974; B. 45, 379, 482.
“Forth heo gunnen _bugen_
In to Bruttaine.” --(Laȝ. 2, 410.)
“The burd _bowet_ from þe bede.” --(T. B. 775.)
A.S. _búgan_, to _bow_, _bend_, avoid, flee.
Bowe, obey (bend to), C. 56, 75.
Boy, a boy, youth, B. 878.
Boyeȝ, boys, men of low position, servants; generally used in a bad
sense, “_boyeȝ bolde_,” A. 806.
“---- bot a _boye_ one (alone)
Hoves by hym on a blonke (horse) and his spere holdes.”
--(Morte Arthure, p. 211.)
“I wende no Bretones walde bee basschede for so lyttille
And fore bare-legyde _boyes_ that one the bente houys.”
--(_Ibid._ p. 178.)
Boȝ = bow, go, A. 196; B. 1242, 1551. See _Bow_.
Boȝe, bough, B. 616, 1467.
Boȝt, bought, A. 651.
Boȝted, curved, C. 449. A.S. _bugan_, to bend. Dan. _bugt_, bend,
turn. Sc. _bought_, to fold, bend.
Brade, broad, A. 138.
Brake vp = break up, throw up, spew, C. 340. Ger. _sich brechen_. Du.
_braeken_, to vomit. “_Brakyn_, or castyn or spewe. Vomo.” (Prompt.
Parv.)
Braken (_brake_, _bracken_), fern, B. 1675, Sw. _bräken_, Dan.
_bregne_, Icel. _brok_, sedge. “A _brakane_ filix, a _brakan_,
_buske_ filicarium.” (Cath. Angl.)
Braste, burst, C. 148.
Brathe = breþe, anger, ire, also fierceness. A. 1170; B. 916. O.N.
_braedi_, anger. It sometimes signifies angry.
“Bade hom blyn of hor _brathe_.” --(T. B. 5075.)
“For this word was Saul wrath,
For oft-sith was he bremli brath.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 42b.)
Braþeȝ, _pl._ of braþe, A. 346.
Braunches, B. 1464.
Braundysch, display, A. 346.
Bray, utter (aloud), roar, A. 346. Sw. _bräka_.
Brayde, brought, A. 712; aroused, awakened, A. 1170; “at a _brayde_,”
at a start (Icel. at _bragdi_), at once, B. 539; “in a _brayd_,” in
a moment, B. 1507. O.N. _bregtha_, weave, move, brandish, seize,
awake, to leap, start. _Bragth_, quick motion.
“Þe Philistienes wituten les
Ran on Sampson in a res,
Bot Sampson þat selcuth smert,
Ute o þair handes son he stert
And gave a _braid_ sa fers and fast,
Þat alle þe bandes of him brast.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 40b.)
Brayden, ornamented, _p.p._ of _braid_, B. 1481.
Bred, bread, B. 636.
{Brede, Bred,} = breed, become, B. 1558; replenish, A. 415, 814;
B. 257.
Brede, board, C. 184. “_Brede_ or lytylle borde. Mensula, tabula,
tabella, asserulus.” (Prompt. Parv.) A.S. _bred_, plank, board, etc.
Brede, breadth, A. 1030.
Brede, stretch out, A. 814.
Breed, bred, C. 143.
Bref, short, brief, A. 268.
Brek, broke, B. 1105, 1239.
Breme, full, complete, A. 863. A.S. _breme_, famous, glorious.
Breme, fierce, A. 346; B. 229; C. 430. Du. _bremen_, to burn with
desire. Fris. _brimme_, to rage.
“A _brem_ lowe.” (T. B. 860.)
Bremly, vigorously, B. 509.
{Brend, Brende,} = brente, burnt, bright, A. 989; B. 1292.
Brennande, burning, B. 1012.
Brenne, burn, B. 509, 916.
Brent, burnt, bright, A. 106.
Brent, steep; _superl._ _brentest_, highest, B. 379. N.Prov.E.
_brant_, steep. Sw. _brant_, steep, a precipice.
“A man may syt on a _brante_ hyll syde.”
--(Ascham’s Toxoph. p. 58, ed. Arber.)
“Apon the bald Bucifelon _brant_ up he sittes.”
--(K. Alex. p. 124.)
“Thane come thai blesnande till a barme of a _brent_ lawe (hill).”
--(_Ibid._ p. 164.)
Brere, briar, B. 791, 1694. N.Prov.E. _brere_, _breer_. A.S. _brér_.
Bresed, rough, like bristles, shaggy (?), B. 1694. Cf. Sc. _birs_,
_birse_, bristle.
Brest, attack, outburst, B. 229. N.Prov.E. _birst_, attack (Brockett).
O.E. _burst_ = injury, A.S. _byrst_.
Breste, to burst, B. 1783.
{Breth, Brethe,} wind, C. 107, 138; smell, vapour, B. 509, 967. Cf.
“_brethe_ of smoke.” (Hampole’s Pricke of Conscience, l. 4727.) Sc.
_broth_. Ger. _brodem_, _broden_, steam, vapour. A.S. _bræth_, an
odour, scent, breath. “_Brethe_ at his wille.” (T. B. 1945.)
Breth, wrath, B. 916. See _Brath_.
Breue, tell, A. 755.
“_Breve_ us thi name.” (K. Alex. p. 78.)
Breued, related, written, B. 197. O.N. _brefa_.
Breyþed, rushed, B. 1421. See _Braid_.
Brod, great; “_brod_ wonder,” B. 584.
Brode, broad, A. 650.
{Brok, Broke,} brook, river, stream, A. 981; _pl._ _brokeȝ_. A. 1074,
sea; C. 145. A.S. _broca_.
Brom (broom), heath, C. 392. A.S. _bróm_.
Bronch, branch, B. 487.
Bronde, sword, B. 1246. O.N. _brandr_.
Brond, brand, B. 1012.
Broþe, angry, fierce, rough, B. 149, 1409. The original form in O.E.
is _brathe_. It is connected with _brethe_, _brathe_, anger, wrath.
“Wreth it es a _brath_ on-fall (outburst)
Menging o mode that cums o galle.”
--(The Deadly Sins, in Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii.)
{Broþely, Broþlych,} fierce, rough, and hence vile, bad, B. 848, 1030;
vilely, B. 1256; C. 474. The original form is _braþly_, fiercely,
vigorously.
“Thoner o-loft fal sal he (Antichrist) gar,
And tres _brathli_ blomes bere;
_Brathli_ to do the see be reth (stormy)
And _brathli_ to do it be smeth.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 124a.)
Broun, brown, A. 537, 990.
Browden, clustered, B. 1132.
Broȝt, brought, A. 286.
Brugge = brigge, bridge, B. 1187. A.S. _bricge_.
Brunt, blow, A. 174.
“All þat was bitten of the best (beast)
was at a brunt dede.” --(K. Alex. p. 134.)
Brurd, border, edge, B. 1474. Sc. _breard_. A.S. _brerd_, _breard_,
_briord_, _breord_, brim, margin, rim, shore, brink.
Brurd-ful, brimful, full up to the brim, B. 383. Chaucer uses
_bret-ful_ in the same sense.
Brutage = bretage, parapets of a wall, ramparts, B. 1190. Fr.
_breteche_.
Bruxle, upbraid, reprove, C. 345. O.N. _bríxla_, to reprove, reproach.
Brych, filth, uncleanness, B. 848. The meaning here assigned to
_brych_ is conjectural. Cf. Du. _brack_, refuse, damaged. Ger.
_brechen_, to vomit, _Bryche_ as an adjective occurs in Robt.
Brunne’s “Handlyng Synne,” p. 182, where it is glossed low (loghe)
_i.e._ vile.
“Now ys Pers bycome _bryche_
That er was bothe stoute and ryche.”
In the Romance of Alexander, ed. Stevenson, we find the form
_bicchid_ = _briched_ (?). Cf. _shille_ and _shrille_, etc.
“And on the aȝtent day, eftire the prime
A basilisk in a browe, breis (annoys) thaim unfaire,
A straȝtill and a stithe worme _stinkande_ of elde,
And es so bitter, and so breme, and _bicchid_ (foul) in himselfe,
That with the _stinke_ and the strenth he stroyes noȝt allane,
Bot quat he settes on his siȝt, he slaes in a stonde.” --(p. 165.)
Bryd, lady, A. 769. A.S. _bryd_, a bride, a wife, woman.
Brydde, bird, B. 288, 1482.
Brydale, wedding, marriage, B. 142.
{Brym, Brymme,} bank, shore, A. 232, 1074. Dan. _bremme_.
Brymme, stream, water, B. 365. A.S. _brym_, the sea. In this sense
_brymme_ seems to have been unknown to the Southern dialect.
“O þis water þat sua stanc
Wa was þam þat it nedings dranc,
Þat toþer oncom þat him felle,
Was frosse þat na tung moght telle,
Þat ute o _brim_ and brokes bred,
And siþen over al Egypte spred.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 32b.)
Brynkeȝ, brinks, banks, B. 384.
Brynston, brimstone, B. 967.
Bryȝt, _adj._ bright, A. 110; _sb._ bright one, A. 755.
Bukkeȝ, bucks, B. 392.
Bulde, built, B. 1190.
Buleȝ, bulls, B. 392.
Bulk, stern of a ship. A.S. _bolca_, O.H.G. _pl._ _balkun_. Agiavia,
loca per quæ ad remiges acceditur. (Graff. iii. p. 108.)
{Bur, Burre,} blow, assault, A. 176; C. 7. O.Sc. _byr_, a blow.
N.Prov. _birre_, _burr_. W. _bur_, violence, rage. See Wicliffe, St.
Luke, viii. 33.
“---- no buerne might ffor the _birre_ it abide.”
--(T. B. 170. Cf. T. B. 571, 1902.)
Bur, wave, C. 148. Prov.E. _bore_. Icel. _bara_. O.Ger. _bare_. Du.
_baar_, wave, billow. In Laȝamon, vol. iii. p. 121, _Þe beares_
occurs in the latter version for _þa vðen_ of the older copy.
Burde, behoved, A. 316; C. 117, 507. O.N. _byrjar_. Dan. _bör_.
Burde, a woman, lady. B. 80, 653. See _Bryd_. See T. B. 3984.
{Burghe, Burȝ, Burȝe,} city, town, A. 980; B. 982; C. 366.
Burne, man, A. 397, 712; B. 1202; “_burneȝ & burdeȝ_,” men and women,
B. 80. A.S. _beorn_, warrior, hero.
{Burnist, Burnyst,} burnished, B. 1085.
Burre, blow, A. 176. See _bur_.
Burþen, burden, B. 1439.
Butter, B. 636.
Burȝ, city, town, B. 1666. See _burghe_.
{Busch, Busche,} = buske, to go, B. 1416; C. 143, 472.
“& he (she) wist it as wel or bet as ȝif it were hire owne,
Til hit big was & bold to _buschen_, on felde.”
--(William and the Werwolf, p. 7.)
Busily, laboriously, B. 1446.
Busk, prepare, made ready, dress, to direct one’s steps towards a
place, to go, hasten. B. 142, 333, 351, 633, 1395; C. 437. Icel. _at
buast_ (for _at buasc_) = _at bua sig_, to bend one’s steps, to
prepare, etc. See T. B. 1186.
Busmar, scorn, mockery, B. 653. A.S. _bismer_, reproach, blasphemy.
Bustwys, impetuous, fiery, A. 911. See _bostwys_.
Busyeȝ = busies, troubles, A. 268.
Buyrne = burne, man, C. 340. See _Burne_.
Bycalle, call, A. 913.
Bycalt, aroused, called, A. 1163.
Bycom, became, A. 537.
Byde, abide, A. 399; suffer, A. 664; B. 32; remain, B. 449, 622.
Bydene, quickly, A. 196.
Bye, buy, A. 732.
Byfallen, befallen, B. 1629.
Byfore, before, A. 530.
{Bigge, Byge,} great, B. 229.
{Byggyng, Bygyng,} building, A. 932; dwelling, B. 378. A.S. _byggan_,
to build, Icel. _byggia_. See T. B. 1379.
Bygly, great, strong; “_bygly bylde_,” great building, A. 963. See
T. B. 5216.
{Bygonne, Bygonnen,} begun, _p.p._ of _byginne_, A. 33; B. 749; began,
A. 549.
Bygyn, begin, A. 547.
Bygynner, beginner, A. 436.
Byhelde, beheld, B. 452.
Byhod, behoved, A. 928. Cf. _bud_, behoved; _bus_, behoves.
Byholde, behold, A. 810; B. 64.
{Byhynde, Byhynden,} behind, B. 653, 980.
{Byld, Bylded,} built, See _Bulde_.
Bylde, building, A. 727, 963.
Bylyue, immediately, at once, quickly, B. 353, 610.
Bynde, bine, woodbine, C. 444. Sw. _binda_. Ger. _winde_. Eng.
_bind_-weed.
Bynne, within, B. 452, 467.
Byrled, poured out, B. 1715. See _Birle_.
{Bysech, Byseche,} beseech, A. 390.
Byseme, beseem, A. 310.
Bysulpe, defile, B. 575. See _Sulpe_.
Byswyke, defraud, A. 568. A.S. _swícan_, deceive.
Bysyde, beside, B. 673.
{Bytaȝt, Bytaȝte,} = betaught, entrusted, confided; _pret._ of
_biteche_, A. 1207; B. 528.
Byte, fierce, A. 355.
Byþenk, repent, B. 582.
Bytterly, _adv._ B. 468.
Bytwene, between, A. 140, 658.
Bytwyste, betwixt, A. 464.
Bytyde, betide, happen, A. 397; B. 522.
Byye, buy, A. 478.
Byȝe, crown, A. 466; ring, collar, B. 1638. A.S. _beáh_, _beág_, ring,
collar, diadem.
Byȝonde, beyond, A. 141, 146, 158, 981.
Cable, C. 102.
Cace, case, chance, C. 265.
{Cache, Cachche,} = catch, drive away, take away. (1) “_cache_ to,”
run to, B. 629; (2) take, B. 898, 1252. _Cachche_, to knock
together, B. 1541. _Cached_, caught, B. 1800. Prov. Fr. _cacher_.
Fr. _chasser_. It. _cacciare_.
Cachen (_3d pers. pl._ of _cache_), B. 16.
Cagged, drawn along (?), B. 1254.
Caggen (_3d pers. pl. pres._ of _cagge_), draw (?), A. 512.
“Cables were _caget_ togedur.” --(T. B. 3703.)
“He plyes ovir the pavement with pallene webis.
Mas on hiȝt ovir his hede for hete of the sone,
Sylours of sendale to sele ovire the gatis,
And sammes thaim on aither side with silken rapis,
And then he _caggis_ up one
Cordis, as curteyns it ware.” --(K. Alex. p. 52.)
Cal, _sb._ call, invitation, B. 61.
Calder, colder, A. 320.
Calleȝ, addresses, C. 411.
Callyng, _sb._ proclamation, B. 1362. N.Prov.E. calling, notice.
“_Callynge_, or clepyng to mete: Invitacio.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Calsydoyne, chalcedony, A. 1003.
Cambe, came, A. 775.
Canacle, B. 1461. M.Lat. _canicellus_, a little box, chest.
Candel, C. 472.
Candelstik, B. 1478.
Capeles, horses, B. 1254. _Capul_ or _caple_, horse. Caballus.
(Prompt. Parv.)
Capstan, B. 418.
Captyuidé, captivity, B. 1612.
Caraldes, C. 159.
Carayne, carrion, B. 459.
Care, sorrow, A. 50, 371; B. 777. A.S. _cáru_. Goth. _kara_.
Careful, sorrowful, B. 770.
Carf, carved, formed, C. 131.
Carfully, sorrowfully, B. 1252.
Carle, a low fellow, a churl, B. 876. A.S. _ceorl_, a man, countryman.
Du. _kaerle_. Ger. _kerl_.
Carneles, battlements, embrasures, B. 1382.
Carpe, _sb._ discourse, A. 883; parable, B. 23; speech, B. 1327.
Carpe, _vb._ to discourse, talk, speak, A. 381; B. 74; of carpe,
discourse of, A. 752. “_Carpyn_ or talkyn, fabulor, confabulor,
garrulo.” (Prompt. Parv.) Port. _carpire_, cry.
Carping, discourse, speech, B. 1550.
Cas, case, A. 673.
{Cast, Caste, Kest,} condition, A. 1163.
Cast, look, B. 768.
Casydoyne, B. 1471. See _Calsydoyne_.
Catel, wealth, B. 1296.
Cawse, reason, B. 65.
Cause, A. 702.
Cayre, to turn one’s steps to a place, to go, A. 1031; B. 85, 901,
1259. “Kaire to þi londe,” T. B. 836. A.S. _cérran_. Ger. _kehren_.
Du. _keeren_, to turn.
Cayser, emperor, B. 1322.
Caytif, wretched, B. 1426.
{Caȝt, Caȝte,} caught, A. 50; caȝte of, took off, A. 237; caȝt away,
B. 1275; C. 485. See _Cache_.
Certeȝ, truly, B. 105.
Cerue, cut, dig, B. 1547.
Ceté, city, A. 927.
Ceuer, recover, reach, A. 319.
Chace, drive, A. 443.
Chambre, A. 904; B. 1586.
Chapel, A. 1062.
Charde, turned, A. 608. A.S. _cérran_, to turn, avert. Cf. _ajar_,
older form a-_char_, on-_char_.
Charged, commanded, B. 464.
Charged, loaded, B. 1154, 1295.
Chariote, B. 1295.
Charyté, A. 470.
Chast, chasten, B. 860.
Chastyse, B. 543.
Chaufen, heat, increase, B. 128.
Chaunce, chance, B. 1125.
Chaundeler, candlestick, B. 1272.
Chaunge, change, B. 1588.
Chawleȝ, jaws, C. 268. N.Prov.E. _chavel_. A.S. _ceafl_. S.Sax.
_cheuele_. Cp. the vulgar phrase “cheek by _jowl_.”
{Chayer, Chayere,} chair, seat, A. 885; B. 1218.
Chef, chief, B. 684, 1238.
Cheftayn, chieftain, B. 1295.
Chekke, B. 1238.
Chere, cheer, A. 407; countenance, A. 887. Prov. Sp. _cara_, O.Fr.
_chiere_, countenance, favour, look.
{Cheryche, Cherisch,} cherish, B. 128, 543, 1154, 1644.
Ches, chose (_pret._ of _chese_), A. 759.
Cheualrye, chivalry, B. 1238.
Cheue, achieve, accomplish, B. 1125. Fr. _achever_, to bring to a
head, accomplish. Fr. _chevir_, to compass.
{Cheuetayn, Cheuentayn,} chieftain, A. 605; B. 464. O.Fr.
_chevetaine_.
{Childer, Chylder,} children, A. 718; B. 1300.
Chorles, churl, B. 1258. See _Carle_.
Chos, went. See “chosen,” T. B. 490.
Chyche, niggard, A. 605. Fr. _chice_, avarice. _Chynche_ and _kynche_
are other forms of the same word.
Chyde, A. 403.
Chyldryn, (_gen. pl._) of children, B. 684.
Chylled = chilled, shivered, became cold, C. 368.
Chysly = choysly, aptly, well, B. 543.
Ciences, sciences, knowledge, B. 1289.
Clam (_pret._), climbed, B. 405.
Clambe (_2 sing. pret._), climbedst, A. 773.
Clanner, cleaner, B. 1100.
{Clanly, Clanlych,} cleanly, purely, A. 2; B. 264, 1089, 1327; neatly,
B. 310. T. B. 53.
Clannes, clannesse, cleanness, purity, B. 1, 12, 1809.
Claryoun, clarion, B. 1210.
{Clater, Clatter,} shatter, B. 912.
“So hard was she beseged soth for to telle,
And so harde sautes to the cite were ȝeuen,
That the komli kerneles were to-_clatered_ with engines.”
--(William and the Werwolf, p. 103.)
Clatering, clattering, B. 1515. Du. _klateren_, to rattle.
Clatȝ, clash, clatter, B. 839. Ger. _klatschen_, to clap; _klatsch_,
slap, clash.
Clawres, claws, B. 1696. _Clawres_ is perhaps an error for _clawes_.
It may, however, be another form of O.E. _clever_, _claver_, a claw.
Du. _klaveren_, _kleveren_. N.Prov.E. _claiver_, to claw oneself up,
to scramble.
Clay, B. 312. _Clay_-daubed, B. 492.
Clayme, call for, cry for, B. 1096.
Cleche, receive, take, B. 12. “_Cleches_ to,” takes, lays hold of,
B. 634. Sc. _cleik_, _clek_, _cluke_, claw, hook; _cleke_, _cleik_,
catch, snatch. O.Sw. _klaencka_, to snatch, seize.
Clef, cleft, split (_pret._ of _cleve_), B. 367.
Clem, claim, A. 826.
Cleme, daub, plaster with clay, B. 312. N.Prov.E. _cleam_. _Clam_, to
daub, glue. S.Prov.E. _cloam_, earthenware; _clomer_, a potter. A.S.
_clem_, _clám_, clay; _clæmian_, to _clam_, smear.
“I stoppe thys ouyn wythowtyn dowte,
With clay I _clome_ yt uppe ryght fast,
That non heat cum [ther] owte.”
--(The Play of the Sacrament, p. 132.)
Clene, perfect, whole, B. 1731.
Clenge, cling, stick, B. 1034. Dan. _klynge_, to cluster, crowd.
S.Prov.E. _clunge_, to crowd, squeeze; _clungy_, sticky.
Clente, clenched, fastened, A. 259. Cf. _queynte_ = quenched,
_dreynte_ = drenched.
Clepe, to call, B. 1345. A.S. _clypian_.
{Cler, Clere,} clear, A. 2, 207; bright, A. 620, 735; plain, B. 26.
Clergye, learning, B. 1570.
Clerkeȝ, clerks, scholars, B. 193.
Clernes, clearness, beauty, B. 1353.
Cleþe, clothe, B. 1741.
{Cleȝt, Clyȝt,} = clutched, fastened, (_p.p._ of _cleche_), B. 858;
fixed, B. 1655.
Clobbeȝ, clubs, B. 839.
Clos, enclosure, house, B. 839.
Clos, closed, A. 183; B. 12.
Closed, enclosed, B. 310.
Clot, mount, hill, A. 789. In the “Owl and Nightingale,” 999, we find
_clude_, a hill. A.S. _clúd_. Low Ger. _kloot_, a hill.
Clot, soil, earth, A. 22, 320. Du. _klot_, _klotte_, clod, clot.
Clotteȝ, clods, A. 857.
Cloþ, sail, C. 105.
{Cloutes, Clowteȝ,} pieces, B. 367, 965.
Cloystor, cloister, A. 969.
Cluchche, clutch, B. 1541.
Clustered, B. 367, 951. See T. B. 1647.
Clutte, clouted, patched (?), B. 40. A.S. _clút_, a clout.
Clyde, plaister (?), B. 1692. A.S. _clitha_. Cf. “_Clyte_, _clete_, or
vegge (_clete_ or wegge, K.) cuneus.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Clyffe, cliff, A. 159; B. 405, 965.
Clyket, clicket, latch, B. 858. Prov. Fr. _cliche_, a latch, bolt.
_Clyket_ of a dore, _clicquette_. (Palsgrave.)
Clynge, wither, decay, A. 857. A.S. _clingan_.
Clyppe, fasten, B. 418. A.S. _clyppan_, to embrace.
“I wold yonder worthy weddit me hade,
So comly, so cleane to _clippe_ uppon nightes.” --(T. B. 474.)
Clypper, shearer, A. 802.
{Clyue, Clyuy,} cleave, cling to, B. 1630, 1692. Du. _kleeven_,
_klijven_, to fasten. A.S. _clífan_.
Clyuen, cleave, A. 1196.
Clyȝt, clutched, stuck, B. 1692.
Cnawe, know, acknowledge, C. 519.
Cnawyng, _sb._ knowledge, A. 859.
Cnoken, knock, A. 727.
Cob-hous = cov (cow)-house (?), B. 629. _Cob_ may be another form of
Prov. Ger. _colb_, a heifer.
Cof, quickly, B. 60, 898; quick, B. 624. A.S. _cáf_, quick, expert.
{Cofer, Cofere,} coffer, chest, coffin, A. 259; ship, ark, B. 310,
339; jewel box, 1428. Fr. _coffre_.
Cofly, quickly, B. 1428.
Coge, boat, C. 152. _Cogges_ with cablis cachyn to londe, T. B. 1077.
Cokreȝ, cockers, a kind of rustic high shoes or half boots fastened
with laces or buttons, B. 40. “_Cocur_ boote. Ocrea. coturnus.”
(Prompt. Parv.) The term is still used in the north of England =
gaiters, leggings.
Cole, coal, B. 456.
Cole, cool, C. 452.
Colde, great, severe, A. 50; “_careȝ_ colde,” great sorrow, A. 808.
Coler, collar, B. 1569, 1744.
Colored, B. 456.
Colour, A. 753.
Coltour = coulter, (of a plough), B. 1547. Fr. _coultre_. Lat.
_culter_.
Colwarde, deceitful, B. 181. See note on this word. Cf. _kolsipe_
(col-ship), deceit.
Comaunde, B. 1428.
Combre, to trouble, destroy, B. 901, 1024. Du. _kommer_, _kombre_,
loss, adversity, care, grief.
Combraunce, trouble, B. 4. See T. B. 726.
Come, _sb._ coming, arrival, A. 1116; B. 467
“Of his _come_ fayne.” --(T. B. 975.)
Comende, B. 1.
{Comfort, Comforte,} _sb._ A. 55, 357.
{Comly, Comlych,} comely, A. 259; B. 546.
Commune, common, A. 739.
Comparisune, _vb._ compare, B. 161.
Compas, A. 1072, B. 319, 1455.
Compast, B. 697.
Compaynye, company, B. 119.
Comyne, B. . See T. B. 12863.
Con = can, did (used as an auxiliary of the past tense), A. 453;
B. 1561; _coneȝ_, didst, A. 482.
Conacle = canacle, cup, B. 1515.
Conciens, conscience, A. 1089.
Concubine, B. 1353.
Condelstik, candlestick, B. 1275.
Confourme, conform, B. 1067.
{Coninge, Connyng,} wisdom, science, B. 1611, 1625.
Conquere, B. 1431, 1632.
Conquerour, B. 1322.
Conquest, conquered, B. 1305.
Consayue, conceive, B. 649.
Conterfete, counterfeit, feign, B. 13.
Contraré, contrary, B. 4, 266; in _contrary_, opposite, B. 1532.
Controeued, contrived, B. 266.
Contryssyoun, contrition, A. 669.
Conueye, guide, B. 678, 768.
Coosteȝ, properties, B. 1033.
Coperounes, tops, B. 1461. “_Coporne_ or _coporoun_ of a thyng
(_coperone_, K. H. _coperun_, P.), capitellum.” (Prompt. Parv.) “The
Catholicon explains _capitellum_ as signifying merely the capital of
a column, but in the Medulla it is rendered ‘_summa pars capitis_.’”
(A. Way, in Prompt. Parv.)
Coppe, top; “hyl _coppe_,” A. 791. A.S. _copp_, head, top, apex.
“Now bowis forth this baratour and bidis na langir,
Up at a martene mountane, he myns with his ost,
And viii daies bedene the driȝe was and mare,
Or he miȝt covir to the _copp_, fra the cave undire.”
--(K. Alex. p. 163.)
Corage, heart, B. 1806.
Corbyal, raven, B. 456.
Cordes, C. 153.
Coroun, _sb._ A. 237; _vb._ A. 415, 767.
Cors, course, B. 264.
Corse, corpse, A. 320.
Corse, to curse, B. 1032, 1583.
Corsye, corrosive, B. 1034.
{Cortays, Cortayse,} courteous, A. 433; B. 512; pure, B. 1089.
Cortaysye, courtesy, A. 468, 480; good conduct, B. 13.
Cortaysly, courteously, A. 381; kindly, B. 564, 1435.
Corte, court, A. 701.
Cortel, kirtle, A. 203. A.S._cyrtel_. Dan. _kjortel_, a garment either
for a man or woman.
Corteȝ, courteous, A. 754.
Corupte, B. 281.
Coruen (_p.p._ of _kerue_), cut, reaped. A. 40; B. 1407.
Cost, contrivance, B. 1478. A.S. _costian_. O.Sw. _kosta_. Du.
_koste_, to try, attempt. This word is sometimes written _cast_.
See “William and the Werwolf,” p. 167.
Cost, coost, property, B. 1024, 1033.
Cost, coast, border, side, B. 85.
Costoum, custom, B. 851.
Coumforde, comfort, A. 369.
{Counseyl, Counsayl,} counsel, A. 319; B. 683, 1201.
Counte, B. 1685, 1731.
Countenaunce, appearance, B. 792.
Counterfete, defraud, A. 556.
Countes, countess, A. 489.
Courtaysye, courtesy, A. 457.
Cout, cut, B. 1104.
Couthe, knew, known, B. 813, 1054.
Coueyte, covet, desire, B. 1054.
{Couenaunde, Couenaunt,} covenant, A. 562, 563.
Couetyse, covetousness, B. 181.
Cowpe, cup, B. 1458.
Cowþe, could; cowþeȝ, couldst, A. 484.
Cowwardely, cowardly, B. 1631.
Coyntyse, skill, craft, B. 1287. _Coint_, skilful, occurs in
T. B. 125.
“hir _coint_ artys.”
Cf. _Coyntly_, T. B. 164.
Crafte, power, wisdom; _pl._ crafteȝ, A. 356; contrivance, A. 890;
power, C. 131.
Crageȝ, crags, B. 449.
Crak, sound, B. 1210.
Craue, ask, pray for, A. 663; beg, B. 801.
Crede, creed, A. 485.
Cresse, cress, A. 343.
Creste, A. 856.
Croked, bad, B. 181.
Crokeȝ, reapinghooks, sickles, A. 40.
Croneȝ, cranes, B. 58.
Crossayl, cross-sail, C. 102.
Croukeȝ, croaks, B. 459.
Cruppeleȝ, cripples, B. 103.
Cry, proclamation, B. 1574.
{Crysolite, Crysolyt,} chrysolite, A. 1009.
Crysopase, chrysoprasus, A. 1013.
Crystal, A. 159.
Cumly, A. 929. See _Comly_.
Cupborde, B. 1440.
{Cupyde, Cubit,} B. 315, 319, 405.
Cumfort, C. 485.
Cupple, pair, B. 333.
Cure, care, A. 1091.
Curious, B. 1353.
{Cyté, Ceté,} city, A. 927, 939.
Dale, B. 384 (phrase: “doun and _daleȝ_,” hill and dale), A. 121.
Dalt, dealt, fulfilled, B. 1756.
Dam, stream, A. 324; the deep, B. 416. Icel. _dammr_. Dan. _dam_,
a fish pond.
Dampned, damned, condemned, A. 641.
Dampped, quelled, B. 989. Ger. _dampfen_, to suffocate, choke. Du.
_dempen_. Sw. _dåmpa_, to extinguish, repress, damp.
Damysel, damsel, A. 489.
Dare, to tremble, be afraid, A. 839. Sw. _darra_, to tremble, shake.
Dard = dured, endured, A. 609.
Daschande, dashing, C. 312.
Dasande, stupefying, B. 1538.
Dase, lie hid, cower, C. 383. Cf. _dare_, to lie hid, cower. For the
interchange of _r_ and _s_ compare O.E. _gaure_, to gaze.
Dased, stupid, frightened, A. 1085. Sc. _dozen_, _dosen_, to stupefy,
benumb. Du. _daesen_, to lose one’s wits; _daes_, _dwaes_, foolish,
mad. (Kil.) Prov. Ger. _dasen_, to be still.
“For he was _dased_ of the dint and half dede him semyd.”
--(K. Alex. p. 136.)
Date, A. 492; limit, A. 493; time, A. 504, 516; age, A. 1040.
Daube, daub, plaister, B. 313, 492. Prov.E. _daub_, clay. “_Dawber_ or
cleyman; _dawbyn_, lino, muro.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Daunce, dance, A. 345.
Daunger, power, A. 11; insolence, B. 71.
Dawande, dawning, C. 445. A.S. _dagian_, to become day. Icel. _dagan_,
dawn.
Daweȝ, days; “don out of _daweȝ_,” deprived of life, dead, A. 282.
Dayly, A. 313.
Daynty, B. 38, 1046.
Day-rawe, daybreak, B. 893; _rawe_ or _rewe_ signifies a _streak_. Cf.
_day-rim_, in “Owl and Nightingale,” l. 328.
“Qwen the _day-rawe_ rase, he rysis belyfe.” --(K. Alex. p. 14.)
Daȝed, dawned, became day, B. 1755. See _Dawande_.
Debate, strife, contest, A. 390.
Debonere, gracious, courteous, kind, A. 162; B. 830.
Debonerté, goodness, A. 798; C. 418.
Dece = dese, seat of honour, B. 38, 1399. See _Dese_.
Declar, explain, B. 1618.
Declyne, A. 333.
Decre, decree, B. 1745; C. 386.
Dedayn, disdain, displeasure, B. 74; C. 50.
Defence, prohibition, B. 243, 245.
Defoule, defilement, C. 290.
Defowle, to defile, B. 1129, 1147.
Degre, degree, condition, B. 92.
Degres, steps, A. 1022.
Dekenes, deacons, B. 1266.
Dele, deal, distribute, give, A. 606; exchange, B. 1118.
Dele, utter, B. 344.
Dele (dole), sorrow, A. 51.
Deled, dealt, C. 193.
Delful, doleful, sorrowful, B. 400.
Delfully, dolefully, sorrowfully, A. 706.
Delyt, delight, A. 642, 1116.
Delyuer, delivered, B. 1084.
Delyuer, deliver, A. 652; B. 500.
Deme, deem, judge, A. 312, 313; B. 1118; utter, decree, B. 1745;
C. 119; call, name, B. 1020, 1611. A.S. _déman_.
{Demerlayk, Demorlayk,} magic, glamour, B. 1561, 1578. S.Sax.
_dweomer-lake_, magic. A.S. _dweomere_, a juggler.
“And all this _demerlayke_ he did bot be the devylle craftes.”
--(K. Alex. p. 15.)
Demme, _vb._ become faded, lost, A. 223. A.S. _dem_, damage, hurt,
loss.
Demmed = dammed, collected (?), B. 384. A.S. _demman_, to dam, stop
water. Carr gives _demin_, a term applied to clouds when collected
in masses. Sw. _dämma_. O.Fris. _demma_, to stop, obstruct.
Dene, vale, dale, A. 295. A.S. _dene_, _denu_.
Denely, loud, A. 51.
Denned, resounded. If it does not signify _dinned_, it must mean
settled, took up its abode. A. 51.
Denounce, renounce, forsake, B. 106.
Departe, separate, part, A. 378; B. 396, 1677.
Depaynt, painted, adorned, A. 1102.
{Dep, Depe,} profound, A. 406; B. 1609.
Depres, depress, A. 778.
Depryue, A. 449; take away, B. 185.
Dere, _vb._ to harm, injure, A. 1157; B. 862. See T. B. 1260. A.S.
_derian_, to hurt, damage, injure.
Dere, precious, A. 400; valuable, B. 1792. A.S. _deóre_, dear,
precious.
Dere, dear ones, A. 777.
{Derelych, Derely,} = dearly, beautifully, excellently, A. 995; very,
B. 270.
Dereȝ, _sb._ harms, injuries, A. 102. See T. B. 920. A.S. _dar_,
_daru_, hurt, harm.
“Thai dreȝe him up to the drye (land), and he na _dere_ sufird.”
--(K. Alex. p. 189.)
Derf, great, bold, B. 862. O.N. _diafr_. Sw. _djerf_, strong, bold. “A
_derfe_ dragon,” T. B. 166. “Dang him _derffly_ don in a ded hate.”
_Ib._ 1339.
Derfly, quickly, B. 1641; C. 110.
Derk, dark, B. 1020; C. 263; night, B. 1755. A.S. _deorc_.
Derne, _adj._ secret, hidden, B. 588, 1611; _adv._ secretly, B. 697.
See T. B. 1962. A.S. _dearn_, dark, secret, hidden.
Derrest, dearest, B. 115, 1306.
Derþe = dearth, preciousness, value, worth, A. 99. See _Dere_.
Deruely = derfely, quickly, B. 632.
Derworth, precious, beautiful, A. 109. See _Dere_.
{Des, Dese,} dais, seat of honour, A. 766; B. 115, 1394.
Desert, C. 84.
Desserte, desert, A. 595.
Deseuered, severed, C. 315.
Dessypele, disciple, A. 715.
Destyné, A. 758; C. 49.
Desyre, B. 545.
Determynable, A. 594.
Deuine, _sb._ divine, B. 1302; _vb._ B. 1561.
Deuinores, diviner, B. 1578.
Deuote, devout, A. 406.
Deuoutly, B. 814.
Deuoyde, do away with, destroy, A. 15; B. 908.
{Deuyce, Deuyse, Deuice,} devise, imagine, B. 1046, 1100; describe,
A. 99, 984; order, B. 110, 238.
Deuyse, _sb._ device, A. 139.
Deuysement, description, A. 1019.
Devoydynge, putting away, _sb._ B. 544.
Dewoutly, devoutly, C. 333.
Dewoyde = devoyde, C. 284.
Dewyne = dwine, pine, A. 11.
Deystyné, destiny, B. 400.
{Deȝter, Deȝteres, Deȝtters,} daughters, B. 270, 866, 899, 933, 939.
See T. B. 1489.
Dialoke, discourse, B. 1157.
Dispayred, in despair, C. 169.
Display, B. 1107.
Displese, C. 1.
Dispit, spite, C. 50.
Dispoyled, stripped, C. 95.
Disserued, B. 613.
Disstrye, destroy, B. 907, 1160.
Disserne, discern, C. 513.
Dissert, desert, C. 12.
Distres, B. 880, 1160.
Diuinité, B. 1609.
Ditteȝ, stops up, closes, B. 588. N.Prov.E. _ditt_, to stop up. A.S.
_dyttan_.
Diȝe, die, C. 488.
Diȝte, order, arrange, B. 1266. A.S. _dihtan_, to set in order,
dispose, arrange, direct, etc.
Do, doe, “_daunce as any do_,” A. 345.
Dobler, dish, B. 1146. O.Fr. _doublier_.
Doc, duke, A. 211.
{Doel, Dol,} sorrow, A. 326, 339, 642; B. 852.
Dole, part, A. 136.
{Dom, Dome,} doom, judgment, purpose, A. 157, 580, 667; B. 597;
command, B. 632; doom, C. 203.
Dongoun, dungeon, B. 1224.
Dool, part, B. 216.
Dool (dole), sorrow. See _Doel_.
Doole, gift, B. 699.
Dor, door, B. 320.
Dotage, folly, B. 1425.
Dote, act foolishly, B. 286, 1500; C. 125; be astonished, frightened,
B. 852. Sc. _doit_. Icel. _dotta_, to slumber. Du. _doten_,
_dutten_, delirare, desipere. (Kilian.) “Maddyn, or _dotyn_,
desipio.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Doted, foolish, wicked, C. 196. N.Prov.E. _doited_, stupid.
Dotel, a fool, B. 1517.
Doun, down, A. 230.
Doun, down, hill, A. 121.
Doungoun, dungeon, A. 1187.
Doured, grieved, mourned, C. 372. Sc. _dour_.
Dousour, sweetness, A. 429.
Doute, doubt, A. 928.
{Douth, Douþe,} brave, noble, A. 839, B. 270, 597, A.S. _duguth_, the
nobility, senate, etc. _Dugeth_, good, virtuous. _Dugan_, to profit,
avail, be good, etc.
{Doune, Dovene,} a female dove, B. 469, 481. Cf. O.E. _wulvene_, a
female wolf, and E. _vixen_, a female fox.
Dowe, avail, profit, B. 374; C. 50. See T. B. 5001. See _Douth_.
Dowelle, dwell, B. 376, 1770; C. 69.
Downe, dove, B. 485.
Downeȝ, downs, hills, A. 73, 85.
Dowyne, dwine, pine, A. 326.
Dowrie, B. 185.
Doȝter, daughter, B. 814.
Doȝty, doughty, valiant, B. 1182, 1791. See _Douthe_.
Doȝtyest, bravest, B. 1306.
Draȝ, draw, A. 699.
Draȝt = draught, character, B. 1557.
Drede, doubt, A. 1047.
Drepe, to kill, slay, B. 246; destroy, B. 599, 1306.
“This stone with his stremys stroyed all the venym,
And _drepit_ the dragon to the dethe negh.” --(T. B. 929.)
A.S. _drepan_. O.N. _drepa_.
Dresse, order, direct, prepare, A. 495, 860; B. 92; _pret._ _dressed_,
_drest_.
Dreue, drive, A. 323.
Dreued, drove, went, A. 980.
Dreȝe = dreghe, suffer, endure, B. 1224. Sc. _dree_. A.S. _dreógan_,
to bear, suffer, endure. Cf. “dyntes full _dregh_.” T. B. 935.
Dreȝly, sorrowfully, B. 476. See T. B. 2379.
Drof, drove, A. 30, 1153.
Drouy, turbid, B. 1016. A.S. _dréfe_, muddy, foul; _dréfan_, to
trouble, make turbid. O.E. _drove_, to trouble. Goth. _drobjan_, to
trouble. Du. _droeven_. “_Drovy_ turbidus, turbulentus.” (Cath.
Ang.)
“He (the fool-large) is like to an hors that seketh rather to
drynke _drovy_ watir and trouble, than for to drinke water of the
welle that is cleer.” (The Persones Tale: _Remedium contra
avariciam_.)
Drowned, was drowned, B. 372.
Droȝ, drew, A. 1116; B. 71; _pl._ _droȝen_, B. 1394.
Droȝthe = drouthe, drought. A.S. _druguth_. Du. _drooghte_. Sc.
_drouth_, from A.S. _dryg_. Du. _droogh_, dry.
Druye, dry, B. 412; dry land, B. 472.
Drwry, dreary (?), A. 323.
Drwry = drury, love, B. 699, 1065. O.Fr. _druerie_, _drurie_.
{Dryȝ, Dryȝe,} dry, B. 385.
{Dryȝ, Dryȝe,} heavy, sorrowful, A. 823; B. 342.
Dryȝe, suffer, B. 372, 400, 1032. See _Dreȝe_.
{Dryȝly, Dryȝlych,} strongly, rapidly, A. 125; wrathfully, angrily,
B. 74, 344; C. 235.
Dryȝtyn, Lord, A. 349; B. 1065. A.S. _drihten_.
{Dubbed, Dubbet,} decked, A. 73, 97, 202; adorned, B. 115. See T. B.
1683.
Dubbement, adornment, A. 121.
Dublere, a dish, B. 1279. See _Dobler_.
Due, A. 894; C. 49.
Duk, duke, B. 38, 1182; leader, B. 1771.
Dumpe, be dashed, fall, C. 362.
“_Dumpe_ in þe depe.” --(T. B. 1996.)
“Þan sal þe rainbow descend,
In hu o galle it sal be kend;
Wit þe wind sal it melle,
And drive þam dun alle until helle;
And _dump_ the devels þider in,
In þair bale alle for to brin.”
--(_Signa Ante Judicium_, in Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii.)
Dungen, _3d pers. pl. pret._ of _ding_, to beat, B. 1266. Sw. _dänga_.
“So _dang_ he þat dog with dynt of his wappon.” --(T. B. 302.)
Dunne, dun, A. 30. See T. B. 925.
Dunt, blow. See _Dynt_.
Durande, lasting, during, A. 336.
Dure, last, B. 1021; C. 488.
Dusched, struck, B. 1538. Sc. _dusche_, to smite; _dusch_, a blow.
“All _dusshet_ into the diche.” --(T. B. 4776.)
Dan. _daske_, to slap. Icel. _dust_ a blow.
Dutande, shutting, closing (from _dutte_, to shut), B. 320. See
_Ditteȝ_.
Dutte, fasten, close, B. 1182. Prov.E. _dyt_, stop up. O.N. _ditta_.
Dych, ditch, A. 607; B. 1792.
Dyd, caused, A. 306.
Dylle = dull, slow, sluggish, foolish, A. 680. N.Prov.E. _dull_, hard
of hearing. O.N. _dilla_, lallare.
Dym, black, B. 1016.
Dymly, secretly, C. 375.
Dymme, dark, B. 472.
Dyn, noise, B. 862.
“All _dynnet_ the _dyn_ the dales aboute.” --(T. B. 1197.)
Dyngne, worthy, C. 119.
Dyngneté, dignity, B. 1801.
Dynt, blow, C. 125.
Dyscreuen, describe, A. 68.
Dyscouere, reveal, make known, B. 683.
Dysheriete, disinherit, B. 185.
Dysplese, to be displeased, A. 422; to displease, A. 455; B. 1136.
Dyspyt, spite, B. 821.
Dyssente, descend, A. 627.
Dysstrye, destroy, B. 520.
Dystresse, distress, A. 280, 337.
Dystryed, destroyed, A. 124.
Dyt, doeth, A. 681.
Dyȝe, die, A. 306.
Dyȝt, decked, A. 202, 987; ordered, prepared, B. 243, 632; ordained,
C. 49; placed, seated, A. 920; B. 1794.
Dyȝtteȝ, causest, C. 488.
Efte, again, A. 328; afterwards, A. 332; B. 562.
Egge = _edge_, hill, B. 451.
Egge, edge (of a knife), B. 1104; of a hill, B. 383. A.S. _ecge_. O.N.
_egg_, edge. Du. _egghe_, an angle, corner, angle. Ger. _ecke_,
a corner.
Eggyng, instigation, B. 241. Prov.E. “egg on.” O.N. _egg_, an edge;
_eggia_, to sharpen, and hence instigate.
Elde, age, B. 657; C. 125. A.S. _eld_, _yld_, age.
Elleȝ, else, otherwise, A. 32; 724; so that, B. 466.
{Emerad, Emerade,} emerald, A. 118, 1005.
Emperise, empress, A. 441.
{Empire, Empyre,} A. 454; B. 540, 1332.
{Enaumayld, Enaumaylde,} enamelled, B. 1411, 1457.
Enbaned, supported (?), B. 1459. Sir F. Madden renders it
_ornamented_.
Enclose, B. 334.
Enclynande, inclining, bowing, A. 236.
Enclyned, prone, B. 518.
{Enclyin, Enclyne,} incline, A. 630, 1206.
Encres, increase, A. 959.
Encroche, approach, A. 1117; receive, C. 18.
Ende, die, B. 402; _on ende_, to death, C. 426. Cf. _ender-day_, and
_ending_ day = the day of one’s death.
Endeleȝ, endless, A. 738.
Endente, A. 639, 1012.
Endentur, crevices, holes, B. 313. O.Fr. _endenter_, to notch, jag.
Endorde, adored, A. 368.
{Endure, Endeure,} A. 476, 1082.
Endyte, indite, A. 1126.
Ene, once; _at ene_, at once, A. 291; _at ene_, at one, A. 953. A.S.
_æne_, once.
Enfaminied, famished, B. 1194.
Enforsed, forced, B. 938.
Engendered, begat, B. 272.
Enherite, inherit, B. 240.
Enle = enely (? _onlepi_), alone, singly, A. 849.
Enleuenþe, eleventh, A. 1014.
{Enmie, Enmye,} enemy, B. 1204.
Enourled, encircled, surrounded, B. 18. Fr. _ourler_, to hem. _Orle_
in Heraldry = border. Ital. Orlo = hem, edge. Spanish and Portug.
Orla = selvedge, border.
{Enprece, Enpresse,} press, C. 43, 528.
Enpresse, impress, A. 1097.
Enpoysened, poisoned, B. 242.
Enprysonment, imprisonment, B. 46.
Enquylen, obtain, C. 39. See _Aquyle_.
Ensens, incense, A. 1122.
Entent, intent, A. 1191.
Entre, enter, A. 38, 1067.
Entré, entrance, B. 1779.
Entyse, to provoke, B. 1137, 1808.
Enurned, adorned, decked, A. 1027.
Er, ere, before, A. 324, 328; B. 648.
{Erber, Erbere,} arbour, A. 9, 38, 1171.
Erbes, herbs, B. 1684.
Erde, land, abode, A. 248; B. 596, 601, 1006. A.S. _eard_, native
soil, country, region; _eardian_, to dwell, inhabit.
“Eson afterward _erdand_ on lyffe,
Endured his dayes drowpyaite (? _drowpande_) on age.”
--(T. B. 121.)
Erigant, arrogance, B. 148.
Erly, early, A. 392.
Ernde, errand, message, C. 52. See _Arende_.
Erne, eagle, B. 1698. A.S. _earn_, eagle.
Ernestly, quickly, rapidly, B. 277, 1240. A.S. _eornostlíce_.
Errour, A. 422.
Erytage, heritage, A. 443.
Eþe, easy, A. 1202; B. 608. A.S. _eáth_.
Euen (wyth), _vb._ to be equal to, A. 1073.
Euen-songe, vespers, A. 529.
Euentyde, A. 582; B. 479.
Euer-ferne, ever-fern, C. 438. A.S. _eforfearn_, polypodium vulgare.
See Gloss. to Saxon Leechdoms, ii. 381.
Ewere, ewer, B. 1457.
Excuse, A. 281.
{Expoun, Expoune, Expowne,} expound, A. 37; B. 1058, 1729.
Expounyng, _sb._ expounding, B. 1565.
Expresse, A. 910; B. 1158.
Fable, A. 592.
Face, B. 1539.
Fader, father, A. 872.
{Falce, False,} B. 205, 474.
Falewed, became pale, faded, B. 1539. Ger. _falb_, pale, faded. A.S.
_fealo_, pale, reddish or yellowish; _fealwian_, to grow yellow.
Fale, good, C. 92. A.S. _fæl_, clean, good, true.
Falleȝ, falls, happens, B. 494.
Falure, A. 1084.
Famacion, defamation, B. 188.
Famed, celebrated, B. 275.
Fande, found, A. 871.
Fanneȝ, fans, flaps, B. 457.
Fantumme, phantom, B. 1341.
Farande, pleasing, A. 865; handsome, B. 607; joyous, B. 1758.
N.Prov.E. _farant_, decent, pleasant, nice. Gael, _farranta_, stout,
brave.
Farandely, pleasantly, C. 435. N.Prov.E. _farantly_.
Fare, _vb._ go, A. 129, 147; B. 100, 621, 929; fare, B. 466. A.S.
_faran_. O.N. _fara_.
Fare, _sb._ voyage, course, C. 98. A.S. _faru_, _fær_.
“Þe caf he cast o corn sum quile,
In þe flum þat hatt þe Nile;
For-qui þat flum þat rennes þar,
Til Joseph hus it has þe _fare_.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 27b.)
Fare, conduct, A. 832; B. 861.
Faren, gone, passed, B. 403.
Fasor, form, A. 431. See T. B. 3956.
Fasoun, fashion, A. 983, 1101.
Fat, B. 627.
Fateȝ, fades, A. 1038.
Fathme, (_a_) embrace, B. 399; (_b_) grope, C. 273.
(_a_) “Als I sat upon that lawe,
I bigan Denemark for to awe,
The borwes, and the castles stronge,
And mine armes weren so longe,
That I _fadmede_, al at ones,
Denemark with mine longe bones.” --(Havelok the Dane, l. 1291.)
O.N. _fadma_. Dan. _fadme_. A.S. _fæthmian_, to embrace.
Fatte, vessel, B. 802. A.S. _fæt_.
Fatted, fattened, B. 56.
Faunt, child, maiden, A. 161.
Faure, four, B. 958.
Faurty, forty, B. 741, 743.
{Faut, Faute,} fault, B. 177, 236, 571.
Fautleȝ, faultless, B. 794.
Fauty, faulty, sinful, B. 741.
{Fauor, Fauour,} A. 428; “gret fauor,” A. 968.
Fawre, four, B. 938.
Fawte, fault, B. 1736.
{Fax, Faxe,} hair, B. 790, 1689. A.S. _feax_.
Fay, _in faye_, in faith, indeed, A. 263; _par ma fay_, by my faith,
A. 489.
Faylande, failing, lacking, B. 1535.
Fayle, be wanting, B. 737. Set (of the sun), B. 1758.
Fayly, fail, A. 34; B. 548.
Fayn, glad, A. 393; _fayn of_, B. 642; _faynest_, B. 1219.
Fayned, false, B. 188.
Fayth, “in _fayth_” indeed, B. 1732; gen. sing, B. 1735.
Faȝte, fought, A. 54.
{Febele, Feble,} poor, bad, B. 47, 101, 145.
{Fech, Feche,} fetch, A. 847, 1158; B. 621.
Fede, A. 29.
Fees, cities, B. 960. Fr. _fief_. Prov. Fr. _feu_, _fieu_. M.Lat.
_feudum_. Eng. _fee_. The origin of this term is to be found in
Goth. _faihu_, possessions. O.H.G. _fihu_, _fehu_, cattle. O.N.
_fe_. A.S. _feoh_, cattle, money.
Fel, bitterly, B. 1040. A.S. _fell_, cruel, severe.
Felaȝschyp, fellowship, B. 271.
Felde, field, B. 1750.
Fele, (?) hide, B. 914.
Fele, many, A. 21, 927. A.S. _féla_.
Fele (feel), taste, B. 107.
Fele-kyn, many kinds of, B. 1483.
Felle, cruel, severe; _felle chere_, stern countenance, B. 139; sharp,
A. 367; B. 156, 1737; boisterous, rough, B. 421; bitter, B. 954.
Felly, fiercely, bitterly, B. 559, 571.
Felonye, crime, sin, A. 800; B. 205.
Feloun, sinner, criminal, B. 217.
Felt, hair, B. 1689. A.S. _felt_. Du. _velt_, felt, cloth. Cf. W.
_gwallt_, Gael. _falt_, hair of the head.
Femmale, female, B. 696.
Fende, fiend, devil, B. 205, 1341.
Fende, fend, B. 1191. Fr. _defendre_.
Fenden, of fiends, B. 224.
Feng, took (_pret._ of fonge), B. 377.
Fenny, dirty, vile, B. 1113. Cf. S.Prov.E. _venny_, mouldy. A.S.
_fenn_, mud, dirt. Goth. _fani_.
Fenyx, phenix, A. 430.
Fer, far, A. 334.
Ferd, Ferde, frightened, B. 897, 975.
Ferde, fear, B. 386; C. 215. A.S. _forhtian_, to fear; _forht_, fear.
Ferde, went, _pret._ of _fare_, B. 1106.
Fere, a companion; _in fere_, in company, together, A. 89, 884;
B. 985, 1062. A.S. _fera_, _gefera_, a companion.
Fereȝ, carries, A. 98. A.S. _férian_.
Fereȝ, companions, A. 1150. See _fere_.
Ferke up, get up, B. 897; ferke over, go, walk over, B. 133.
“The freike upon faire
wise _ferke_ out of lyne.” --(T. B. 145.)
“He salle _ferkke_ before
And I salle come aftyre.” --(Morte Arthure, p. 347.)
“Now _ferkes_ to the fyrthe,
thees fresche mene of armes.” --(_Ibid._ p. 209.)
“The kyng _ferkes_ furthe
on a faire stede.” --(_Ibid._ p. 202.)
In T. B. 185, it is used transitively. The verb _to ferk_ seems
to be related to the Eng. _firk_, a quick movement, jerk, etc.
A.S. _frician_, to dance.
Ferly, _adj._ wondrous, A. 1084; _adv._ wonderfully, B. 269, 960;
_sb._ wonder, astonishment, A. 1086; marvel, B. 1529. A.S. _fær_,
_færlice_, sudden.
Ferlyly, exceedingly, B. 962.
Ferre, farther, _comp._ of _fer_, B. 97, 98.
Fers, fierce, B. 101.
Ferslych, fiercely, C. 337.
Feryed, ferried, A. 946. O.N. _feria_ (from _fara_, to go),
to transport; set over.
Fest, fast, C. 290.
Fest, Feste, feast, A. 283; B. 642, 1758.
Festen, fasten, establish, B. 156, 327, 1255; C. 273.
Fester, B. 1040.
Festiual, festive, B. 136.
Fete, _in fete_, indeed, B. 1106. O.Fr. _faict_. Fr. _fait_, a deed,
feat.
Feþer-beddes, C. 158.
Fetly = featly, aptly, fitly, B. 585. See _fete_.
Fette, fetch, B. 802.
Fettle, set in order, provide, make, B. 343, 585; C. 38, 435.
Prov.E. _fettle_, set in order, etc. O.Fris. _fitia_, to adorn.
Goth. _fetjan_. Norse, _fitla_, to labour at a thing in order to get
it right. Pl.D. _fisseln_, to bustle about.
Fettre, fetter, B. 1255.
Feture, feature, B. 794.
{Fetys, Fetyse,} neat, well made, B. 174; dexterity, B. 1103. O.Fr.
_faictis_. Lat. _factitius_, well made, neat, handsome.
Fetysely, handsomely, beautifully, B. 1462.
Feȝt, fight, B. 275, 1191. A.S. _feoht_. Ger. _fecht_, fight. See
T. B. 1751.
Feȝtande, fighting, struggling, B. 404.
Filed, defiled. See _Fyled_.
Flake, flake; _flake of soufre_, B. 954. O.N. _flak_, plank, slice.
Flake = fleck, spot, blemish, A. 947. O.N. _fleckr_. Ger. _fleck_,
spot, blot, stain.
Flakerande, flickering, fluttering, B. 1410. Ger. _flackern_, to
flare, blaze, flutter.
Flambe, flame, A. 769.
Flaumbande, flaming, A. 90; shining, B. 1468.
Flaunke, spark, B. 954. Prov.E. _flanker_, a flying spark. Pl. D.
_flunkern_, to flicker, sparkle. Ger. _flunke_, spark.
Flauore, flavour, A. 87.
Flawen, fled, C. 214.
Flay, terrify, B. 960, 1723; C. 215. See T. B. 4593. N.Prov.E. _flay_,
_flee_.
Flayn, flayed, A. 809.
Flaȝt, plot of ground, a flat, A. 57.
Fleeȝ, fleece (of golde), B. 1476.
{Flem, Fleme,} banish, A. 334; B. 31, 596. A.S. _flyman_.
Flem, stream, C. 309. Cf. Prov.E. _flume_, _flem_, _fleme_,
a mill-stream. Norse, _flom_, _flaum_, flood, overflow of water;
_flauma_, to overflow.
{Fleschlych, Fleschly,} fleshly, carnal, B. 265; A. 1082.
Flet, _pret._ of flete, to flow, A. 1058.
{Flete, Flet,} flow, B. 1025; to people, B. 685. See T. B. 278, 4715.
A.S. _fleotan_. Sw. _flyta_, flow, float. O.N. _fliota_. Prov.E.
_fleet_.
Flette, floated, _pret._ of _flete_, to float, B. 387.
“Childer,” he said, “yee list and lete,
I sagh caf on þe water _flete_.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 27b.)
Fleȝe, flew, A. 431.
{Flod, Flode,} flood, A. 874, 1058; B. 369.
Flokke, flock, company, B. 386, 1767.
Flonc = flong = flung, A. 1165.
Flor, flower, A. 29, 962; _pl._ _flores_.
Flor, floor, B. 133.
Flosed, flossed, B. 1689. Cf. _floss_-silk. Ital. _floscio flosso_,
drooping, flaccid.
Flot, grease, fat, B. 1011. A.S. _flótan_, to float; _flót-smere_,
scum of a pot, floating fat. O.N. _flót_, the act of floating, the
grease swimming on the surface of broth. Prov.E. _fleet_.
{Flot, Flote,} company, A. 786, 946; army, B. 1212. O.Fr. _flote_,
a crowd.
{Flot, Flote, Flotte,} flowed, floated, A. 46; B. 421, 432; C. 248.
Floty (? _flotery_), waving, A. 127.
Flour-de-lys, lily, A. 753.
Floury, flowery, A. 57.
Flowen, flew, fled, A. 89; B. 945.
Flowred, flowered, A. 270.
Floȝed, flowed, B. 397.
Flurted, flowered, figured, A. 208.
Flyt, force, literally chiding, B. 421. O.S. _flit_, contention.
Flyte, to quarrel, strive, A. 353. Prov.E. _flite_, scold. A.S.
_flitan_.
Flytande, chiding, B. 950.
Flyȝe, flay (?), A. 813.
Flyȝt, flight, B. 377.
Fo, enemy, B. 1219.
Fode, person, people, B. 466; _fode_, a child (King Horn, 1384);
_fodder_, producer, mother (King Alys. 645); A.S. _fedan_, _afedan_,
to bring forth, give birth to, rear. O.N._fæda_. Dan. _föde_.
Fogge, dry grass, B. 1683. W. _fwg_.
Fol, full, B. 1754.
Fol, fool, B. 750, 996.
Fol, foolish, C. 283.
Folde, folded, A. 434.
Folde, earth, A. 334; B. 403, 950.
Folde, to beat, buffet, A. 813.
Fole, fowl, B. 1410.
Fole, fool, B. 202.
Fole, foal, B. 1255.
Foler, B. 1410.
Foles, acts foolishly, B. 1422.
{Folewande, Folwande,} following, A. 1040, B. 429, 1212.
{Folk, Folke,} people, B. 100, 542, 960.
Folken, of people, B. 271.
Folmarde. Properly the beech-martin, but commonly applied to the
pole-cat. O.Fr. _foine_, _faine_ (Lat. _fagina_), beechmast.
Folyly, foolishly, B. 696. See T. B. 575.
Folȝe, follow, A. 127; B. 6, 677, 918, 1752. A.S. _folgian_.
Folȝed, baptized, A. 654. A.S. _fullian_, _fulwian_, to baptize.
Foman, enemy, B. 1175.
Fon, ceased, _pret._, of _fyne_, A. 1030; B. 369. The northern form is
_fan_.
“Bot ai þe quils he ne _fan_
To behald þe leve maidan.” --(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii, fol. 20a.)
Fonde, to found, establish, A. 939; B. 173.
Fonde, to go, proceed, A. 150.
Fonde, try, B. 1103. A.S. _fandian_.
Fonden, found, B. 356.
Fonge, take, receive, A. 439, 479; B. 540; _fongeȝ to the flyȝt_,
takes to flight, B. 457. A.S. _fon_. Ger. _fangen_, take, seize.
Goth. _fahan_.
Font, B. 164.
Fonte = _fond_, examined, A. 170, 327.
{Fooschyp, Foschip,} enmity, B. 918, 919.
For, from, B. 740; because, B. 323.
Forbede, forbid, A. 379; B. 1147.
Forbi, beyond, C. 483.
Forboden, forbidden, B. 826, 998.
Forbrent, burnt, A. 1139.
For-clemmed, starved, C. 395. Prov.E. _clem_, to starve, pinch with
hunger. Du. _klemmen_, to pinch, compress.
For-didden, did away with, A. 124.
For-dolked, severely wounded, A. 11. A.S. _dolc_, _dolh_, _dolg_,
a wound; _dilgian_, to destroy.
Forering, B. 3. See Note.
Forfare, destroy; also to perish, B. 1168; C. 483; _forferde_,
(_pret._), B. 571, 1051.
Forfete, A. 619, 639; B. 743.
Forfyne, lastly.
{Forgart, Forgarte,} = for-did, lost, _pret._ of for-gar, ruin,
destroy, lose, A. 321; B. 240. See _Gar_.
Forged, made, B. 343.
Forhede, forehead, A. 871.
Foriusted, overthrown, defeated, B. 1216. Fr. _jouster_, to tilt.
“So mony groundes he _for-justede_ & of joy broght.”
--(T. B. 296.)
Forlete, lost, A. 327.
For long, very long, A. 586.
Forlonge, furlong, A. 1030.
Forloteȝ = forleteȝ, forsake, B. 101.
“Þe laghes bath he (Adam) þan _forlete_
Bath naturel and positif.” --(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 52b.)
Forloyne, forsake, depart, go astray, err, A. 368; B. 282, 750, 1155,
1165. Fr. _loin_, far.
For-madde, very mad (foolish), C. 509.
Formast, first, foremost, B. 494.
Forme, first, C. 38.
{Forme-fader, Forme-foster,} first-father, progenitor, A. 639; B. 257.
Fornes, furnace, B. 1011.
For-payned, severely troubled, A. 246.
Forray, forage, B. 1200. Fr. _fourrager_, to fodder, forrage, prey.
O.Fr. _fourrer_. Mid. Lat. _foderare_, _forrare_, from A.S. _foder_.
Ger. _futter_, food, victuals.
Forselet, a fortified place, B. 1200. “_Forcelet_, stronge place
(_forslet_, H. P.) Fortalicium.” (Prompt. Parv.) O.Fr. _forcier_.
It. _forciere_. Mid. Lat. _forsarius_, a strong box, safe, coffer.
Forser = forcer, forcet, A. 263. See preceding word.
Forsette, compass, B. 78.
Forsothe, forsooth, indeed, C. 212.
Forst, frost, B. 524. A.S. _forst_.
Forþe, way, passage, A. 150. See T. B. 4094, 4166. Welsh, _ffordd_,
a way.
“The kyng fraystez [seeks] a _furth_ over the fresche strandez,
One a strenghe by a streme in thas straytt landez.”
--(Morte Arthure, p. 103.)
Forth-lep, forth-leapt, C. 154.
Forþoȝt, repented, B. 557.
Forþrast, for-thrust, B. 249.
Forþy, therefore, wherefore, A. 234; B. 545, 1020.
Forþynke, repent, B. 285.
Fortune, A. 306.
Forwarde = forward, covenant, promise, B. 327, 1742. A.S.
_fore-weard_. “_Forwarde_, or cuuinawnt, convencio, pactum.”
(Prompt. Parv.)
Forwroȝt, over-worked, weary, C. 163.
Forȝes, furrows, B. 1547. A.S. _furh_. Ger. _furche_, a furrow.
Forȝete, forgat, B. 203.
Fote, foot, A. 970.
Foted, footed, B. 538.
Founce, bottom, A. 113. See _Founs_.
Foundande, going, C. 126.
Founde, to go, B. 903.
“Quen we suppose in our sele
to sit alther heist,
Than _fondis_ furth dame fortoun
to the flode ȝates,
Draȝes up the damme borde
and drenchis us evir.” --(K. Alex. p. 64.)
“Fflorent and Floridas with fyve
score knyghttez,
ffollowede in the foreste, and on the
way _foundys_,
Fflyngande a faste trott,
and on the folke dryffes.”
(Morte Arthure, p. 231.)
Foundemente, foundation, A. 993.
Founden, found, B. 547.
Foundered, destroyed, perished, B. 1014.
{Founs, Founce,} bottom, B. 1026.
“Onone as thai on Alexander
and on his ost waites,
Thai flee as fast into flode,
and to the _founce_ plungid.”
(K. Alex. p. 141.)
Fourferde, perished, _pret._ of _forfare_, B. 560.
Fowle, foully, B. 1790.
Fowled, became defiled, foul. B. 269.
Fowre, four, A. 886.
Foysoun, abundant, A. 1058. Fr. _foison_. O.Fr. _fuson_, from Lat.
_fusio_, pouring out.
Fraunchyse, liberality, A. 609; B. 750.
Fray, terrify, B. 1553. See _Afray_.
Frayneȝ, demands, asks, desires, A. 129. A.S. _fregnan_, to ask. Goth.
_fraihnan_.
Frayste (_a_), sought, A. 169; (_b_) literally, to try, prove,
B. 1736. O.N. _fresta_.
(_a_)
“Bot wete thou wele this iwis, within a wale time,
Fra that I _fraist_ have that faire (faice?) of my faire lady,
I sall the seke with a sowme of seggis enarmed.”
--(K. Alex. p. 69.)
{Frek, Freke,} man, B. 6, 79, 540. This word is used by Skelton. A.S.
_freca_, a daring warrior, from _frec_, _freca_, bold, daring,
eager. The adjective _freke_ (_frek_, _frike_), was not unknown to
O.E. writers of the 14th century.
“Israel wit þis uplepp,
Þat moght noght forwit strid a step,
Witouten asking help of sun;
Þat quak wit ilk lim was won,
Þat first for eild moght noght spek,
To bidd hast now es nan sa frek.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 29b.)
Freles, blameless, A. 431. O.N. _fryja_, to blame. _Frie_, to blame,
occurs in the romance of _Havelok the Dane_, 1998.
Freloker, more freely, B. 1106.
Frely, lordly, B. 162; beautiful, B. 173; freely, C. 20.
Frelych, lordly, B. 162; bountiful, C. 214.
French, an error for _frech_ (_fresh_) or _frelich_, A. 1086.
Frete, gnaw, eat, devour, B. 1040. A.S. _fretan_.
Freten, devoured, B. 404.
Frette, furnish, B. 339; ornament, B. 1476. A.S. _frætu_, ornament;
_frætewian_, _frætwian_, trim, deck, adorn.
Fro, from, A. 427; B. 396. This is another form of the Northumbrian
_fra_. O.N. _frá_; “_to ne fro_,” A. 347.
{Frok, Frokke,} dress, garment, frock, B. 136, 1742.
Froþande, frothing, frothy, filthy, B. 1721.
Frunt, kicked, C. 187. See T. B. 5968.
Frym, beautiful, fresh, vigorous, A. 1079. Prov.E. _frim_; _frum_,
tender, fresh. A.S. _freme_, advantageous, good. Drayton uses the
phrase “_frim_ pastures,” _i.e._ luxuriant pastures.
Fryst, delay, put off, B. 743. A.S. _fyrstan_, to give respite;
_fyrst_, a space of time, interval. Icel. _frest_, delay; “_to
frist_, to trust for a time” (Ray); to delay (Jam.).
{Fryt, Fryte,} fruit, A. 29; B. 1044.
Fryth, wood, A. 89; B. 534, 1680. Gael, _frith_, a heath, deer park,
forest.
Ful, foul, B. 231.
Fulfille, accomplish, B. 264, 1732.
Fulȝed, baptized, B. 164. See _Folȝed_.
Fundament, foundation, A. 1010.
Funde, found, B. 1735.
Fust, fist, B. 1535.
Fyf, five, A. 849.
Fygure, A. 170, 747.
Fykel, treacherous, deceitful, C. 283.
Fyldor, gold thread, A. 106. Fr. _fil d’or_.
Fyled, defiled, dirty, B. 136.
Fyled, formed, B. 1460.
Fylsened, strengthened, aided, supported, B. 1167, 1644. A.S. _fylst_,
help, assistance; _fylstan_, to help, aid.
Fylter, huddle together, B. 224; join, B. 696; meet together in
battle, B. 1191; become ragged, entangled. Prov.E. _felter_,
entangle, clot. Fairfax uses the phrase “_feltred_ locks.” Cf. the
phrase a “_filtered_ fole,” a shaggy foal. Baker says that the term
_felt_ is applied to a matted growth of grass.
“His fax and his foretoppe was _filterede_ togeder.”
--(Morte Arthure, p. 91.)
Fylyoles (= _fyells_, _phiolls_), round towers, B. 1462. Cf. _Fala_,
a tour of tre. Med. Gram.
Fyne, _vb._ end, die, A. 328; cease, A. 353; B. 450; delay, B. 929.
Fyne, _sb._ cessation, A. 635.
Fynne, fin, B. 531.
Fyole, B. 1476.
Fyrmament, B. 221.
Fyrre, _adv._ farther, comp. of _fer_, A. 103, 127; B. 766; C. 116;
_adj._ distant, A. 148. A.S. _fyrre_.
Fyrte, fearful, trembling, A. 54. A.S. _fyrhto_; _fyrhtu_, fear,
fright, trembling; _forht_, fearful, timid.
Fyþel, fiddle, B. 1082.
Fyþere, feather, B. 530, 1026.
Galle, gall, stain, filth, A. 1060; B. 1022. Cf. to _gall_, fret. Fr.
_galler_. W. _gwall_. O.N. _galli_, fault, imperfection. Dan. _gal_,
wrong, ill.
Gain, against, A. 138.
Gardyn, A. 260.
Gare, cause, make, drive, A. 331; B. 690. N.Prov.E. _gar_. O.N.
_göra_, _gera_.
Garlande, A. 1186.
Garnyst, garnished, ornamented, B. 1277.
Gart, forced, made, A. 1151. See _gare_; _garten_, _3d pers. pl._
A. 86.
Gate, way, A. 395, 526; B. 676, 931. See T. B. 6292. O.N. _gata_.
{Gaule, Gawle,} A. 463; C. 285. See _galle_.
{Gay, Gaye,} A. 260; B. 830, 1315.
Gayn, _vb._ avail, A. 343; C. 164; prevail, B. 1608. Sc. _gane_;
_gain_, to be fit or suitable.
{Gayn, Gayne,} useful, available, good, B. 259, 749.
{Gaynly, Gaynlych,} gainly, gracious, B. 728; C. 83. Cf. ungainly =
awkward. O.N. _gegn_, convenient, suitable; _gegna_, to meet.
Gaȝafylace, royal treasury, B. 1283.
Geder, gather, C. 105.
Gef, gave, A. 174.
Gele, spy, see, A. 931.
Gemme, A. 253.
Gendered, engendered, B. 300.
Gendreȝ, genders, kinds, B. 434.
Generacyoun, A. 827.
{Gent, Gente,} gentle, noble, gracious, A. 118, 253, 265; B. 1495.
Gentryse, nobleness, B. 1159, 1216.
Gentyl, noble, A. 278; _gentyleste_, A. 1015; B. 1180.
Gentylmen, B. 864.
Gere, gear, B. 16; C. 148.
Gere, clothing, attire, B. 1811.
Gered, covered, clothed, ornamented, B. 1344, 1568. O.N. _gerfi_. A.S.
_gearwa_, habiliments. O.H.G. _garawi_, ornament, dress. A.S.
_gearwan_; _gearwian_, make ready, prepare, supply.
Gesse, tell, A. 499. Norse, _gissa_.
Geste, tale, saying, A. 277.
{Geste, Gest,} guest, B. 98, 640.
Gettes, devices, B. 1354. O.N. _geta_, to conceive. A.S.
“and-_gitan_,” get, know, understand.
Geuen, given, A. 1190.
Gilde, gilt, B. 1344.
Giles, gills, C. 269.
Gilofre, gilly flower, A. 43. Fr. _giroflée_. Lat. _caryophyllus_,
a clove.
Glace = glance, A. 171. Fr. _glacer_, _glacier_, slide, slip. Cf. O.E.
_glace_, to polish, glance as an arrow turned aside.
Glade, _vb._ to gladden, A. 861.
Glam, word, message, B. 499; C. 63; talk, speech, B. 830; noise,
B. 849. Obsolete Swedish, _glamm_, talk, chatter; _glamma_, to talk,
chatter. Gael. _glam_, outcry. O.N. _glam_, clash; _glamra_, to
rattle. Sc. _glamer_, noise, clatter.
“Alle thire he closis in that cliffe, and cairis on forthire,
To the occyann at the erthes ende, and, ther in an ilee, he heres
A grete _glaver_ and a _glaam_ of grekin tongis.”
--(K. Alex. p. 188.)
{Glas, Glasse,} A. 990, 1025.
Glauere, to deceive, A. 688. Cf. N.Prov.E. _glaver_, _glaiver_, to
talk foolishly; _glauver_, flattery. W. _glafr_. Irish _glafaire_,
a babbler.
“Sir,” sais syr Gawayne,
“So me gode helpe,
Siche _glaverande_ gomes
greves me bot lyttille.” --(Morte Arthure, p. 212.)
See extract under word _glam_.
Glaymande, slimy, C. 269. Cf. “gleyme or rewme, reuma;” “gleymyn or
_yngleymyn_, visco, invisco.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Glayre, glare, amber, A. 1026. A.S. _glære_, amber. O.N. _gler_. Dan.
_glar_, glass.
Glayue, a sword, A. 654. Fr. _glaive_. Lat. _gladius_.
Gle, joy, glee, A. 95, 1123.
Glede, kite, B. 1696. A.S. _glída_.
{Glem, Gleme,} gleam, light, A. 79; brightness, B. 218; _day-glem_,
daylight, A. 1094; _heven-glem_, heaven light, B. 946.
Glemande, gleaming, shining, A. 70, 990.
Glene, glean, gather, A. 955.
{Glent, Glente,} shone, A. 70, 114, 1026; B. 218. Sc. _glent_,
_glint_, to gleam. Dan. _glindse_, to glisten; _glindre_, to
glitter.
“The schaftes of the schire sone schirkind the cloudis,
And gods glorious gleme _glent_ tham emannge.”
--(K. Alex. p. 164.)
{Glent, Glente,} slipped, fell, A. 671. Sc. _glint_, _glent_, not only
signifies to gleam, shine, but also to glide, slide. W. _ysglentio_,
to slide.
“Glissonand as the glemes þat _glenttes_ of þe snaw.”
--(T. B. 3067.)
Glenteȝ, _sb._ looks, A. 1144.
{Glet, Glette,} dirt, mud, slime, and hence filth, sin, A. 1060;
B. 306, 573; C. 269. Pl. D. _glett_, slippery. Sc. _glít_, pus. O.N.
_glæta_, wet.
Glewed, called, prayed, C. 164. Fr. _glay_, cry.
Glodeȝ, glades, A. 79.
Gloped, was terrified, frightened, amazed, B. 849. O.N. _glapa_,
stare, gaze, gape. O.Fris. _glupa_, to look, peep. Dan. _glippe_,
to wink. N.Prov.E. _glop_, _gloppen_, to be amazed, to frighten.
“Bees not _aglopened_ madame ne greved at my fadire.”
--(K. Alex. p. 30.)
“Thane _glopned_ the glotone and glorede unfaire.”
--(Morte Arthure, p. 90.)
“O, my hart is rysand in a _glope_!
For this nobylle tythand thou shalle have a droppe.”
--(Town. Myst. p. 146.)
Glopnedly, fearfully, B. 896.
Glory, A. 934; B. 1522.
{Gloryous, Glorious, Gloryus,} A. 799, 915.
Glotoun, a wicked wretch, a loose fellow, a ribald, B. 1505.
Gloumb, look, observe, C. 94. Chaucer uses _glombe_ in the sense of
looking gloomy, sullen, frowning. It seems to be connected with O.N.
_glampa_, to glitter, shine. Cf. O.E. _glent_, to shine, and
_glent_, to look. So also _stare_ signifies not only to look
steadfastly at, but to shine, glitter.
Glowed, shone, A. 114. O.N. _gloá_, to glow, burn, shine.
Glwande, glowing, shining, bright, C. 94.
Glydande, going, walking, B. 296.
Glyde, to go, walk, slip along, B. 325, 677, 1590. Pl. D. _gliden_,
_glien_, slip, glide.
Glyfte, became frightened, B. 849. Originally to stare, look
astonished.
“Þys munke stode ande lokede þarto,
And hade þerof so moche drede,
Þat he wende have go to wede:
As he stode so sore _aglyfte_
Hys ryȝt hande up he lyfte,
Ande blessede hym self stedfastly.”
--(Handlyng Synne, l. 3590.)
_Gliffe_, in O.E. signifies also to look, shine, glow. Sc. _glevin_,
to glow; _gliff_, a glimpse; _gliffin_, to wink. Dan. _glippe_, to
wink.
Glymme, brightness, A. 1088. O.Sw. _glimma_, to shine.
Glysnande, shining, glistening. A. 1018. A.S. _glisnian_. O.N.
_glyssa_, to sparkle, glitter.
Glyȝt, shone, A. 114; looked, C. 453. Du. _glicken_, to shine. Icel.
_glugga_, to peep. _A-glyȝte_, slipped from, in line 245, is
evidently another form of _glyȝt_. Cf. N.Prov.E. _glea_, _aglea_,
crooked, aside; _gledge_, to look asquint. Sc. _gley_, _gly_, to
squint, all of which originally signified simply to look, shine. See
T. B. 3943.
Gnede, niggardly, beggarly, B. 146. The MS. reads nede, but _gnede_ is
the correct form. Dan. _gnide_, to rub. A.S. _gnidan_. Cf. O.E.
_nithing_, a miser. A.S. _gnethen_, moderate, sparing.
“Sua lang has thir tua boght þair sede,
Þat þair moné wex al _gnede_.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 31a.)
“Bot fra þair store bigan to sprede
The pastur þam bigan to _knede_.” --(_Ibid._ fol. 15a.)
“Bot al he tok in godds nam,
And thold luveli al þat scam;
For al to _gnede_ him thoght þe gram
Þat he moght thol on his licam” --(_Ibid._ fol. 51a.)
Goande, going, B. 931.
Goblote, goblet, B. 1277.
{God, Gode,} good, wealth. See _Goud_.
Godhede, godhead, A. 413.
Godlych, good, B. 753.
Golf, deep, abyss, A. 608.
Gome, man, A. 231; B. 1315.
Gorde = _girde_, rush, go headlong, B. 911, 957. See T. B. 169.
Gore, filth, B. 306. A.S. _gor_, wet, filth, mud. N. _gor_.
Gorste, gorse, B. 99, 534. W. _gores_, _gorest_, waste, open.
{Gost, Goste,} spirit, A. 86; B. 325, 1598.
Gostly, spiritual, ghostly, A. 790.
Gote, stream, A. 934; B. 413; C. 310; _pl._ goteȝ, A. 608. Prov.E.
_gote_, _goit_, _gowt_, ditch, sluice, mill-stream. Du. _gote_,
kennel, conduit. A.S. _geotan_, to pour.
“As _gotes_ out of _guttars_ in golanand, (glomand ?) wedors,
So voidis doun the venom be vermyns schaftes.”
--(K. Alex. p. 163.)
{Goud, Goude, God,} _adj._ good, A. 33, 568; _sb._ wealth, riches,
A. 731, 734; B. 1326.
{Goun, Goune,} gown, dress, B. 145, 1568.
Governor, B. 1645; C. 199.
Gowdeȝ, goods, C. 286.
Grace, A. 436.
{Gracios, Gracious,} A. 95, 260, 934; C. 26.
Gracyously, B. 488.
Grame, wrath, vengeance, C. 53. A.S. _grama_. Ger. _gram_, anger,
displeasure.
Graunt, _sb._ leave, permission, A. 317; _vb._ grant, B. 765; C. 240.
Grauayl, gravel, pebbles, A. 81.
Grauen, graven, B. 1324.
Grauen, buried, B. 1332.
Grayneȝ, grains, A. 31.
Grayþed, prepared, B. 343, placed, B. 1485; availed, C. 53. See T. B.
229. O.N. _greitha_, to make ready. N.Prov.E. _graid_.
Grayþely, quickly, readily, B. 341; truly, A. 499; C. 240. N.Prov.E.
_gradely_. See T. B. 54.
“On Gydo, a gome þat _graidly_ had soght,
And wist all þe werks by weghes he hade.” --(T. B. 229.)
Cf. _Graiþe_ = ready.
Gre, will, desire, C. 348; hence _bongre_, _malgre_, etc. O.Fr.
_gret_. Fr. _gré_, will, pleasure. Lat. _gratus_, pleasing.
Grece, step, B. 1590.
Gredirne, gridiron, B. 1277.
Greffe, grief, A. 86.
Greme, _adj._ displeasing, C. 42; wrath, B. 16, 947; _vb._ to make
angry, displease, B. 138, 1347. A.S. _gremian_, to displease.
Greme, spot, blemish, A. 465. Norse _grima_, a spot.
Gresse, grass, A. 10, 245; B. 1028.
Grete, the whole, A. 637, ? altogether A. 851; a _grete_, in the
gross--a head, A. 560.
Grete, weep, A. 331. A.S. _grætan_, Prov.E. _greet_.
Gretyng, _sb._ weeping, B. 159.
Greue, grieve, A. 471; B. 138, 302, 306.
Greue, grove, A. 321; B. 99.
Greuing, _sb._ sorrowing, grief, B. 159.
Gromylyoun, the herb _gromwell_, grey millet, (Lithospermum
officinale), A. 43. “_Gromaly_ herbe. Milium solis.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Grone, groan, B. 1077.
Gropande, searching, trying, B. 591. A.S. _grápian_, to touch, feel,
seize, grope. O.N. _greipa_.
Gropyng, _sb._ handling, B. 1102.
Grounde, ground, sharpened, A. 654.
Groundeleȝ, bottomless, C. 310.
Grouelyng, on the face, A. 1120. O.N. _grufa_; _grufa nidr_, to stoop
down. _Liggia á grufu_, to lie face downwards, to lie groveling.
Gruche, begrudge, B. 1347.
Gruȝt, _pret._ of _gruche_, B. 810.
Grychchyng, _sb._ murmuring, repining, C. 53.
Grym, black, A. 1070.
Grymly, sharply, A. 654; roughly, B. 1534.
Grymme, horrible, B. 1553; sharp, B. 1696. A.S. _grim_; _grimm_, fury,
rage; sharp, bitter; “a _grym_ toole,” T. B. 938.
Grynde, A. 81.
Gryndel, angry, C. 524. Norse _grina_, wry the mouth; _grinall_, sour
looking. Du. _grinnen_, _grinden_, to grin, snarl.
Grysly, horrible, B. 1534. A.S. _grislíc_, horrible; _a-grísan_, to
dread, fear greatly.
Gryspyng, _sb._ gnashing of the teeth. A.S. _grist-bítung_.
Gryste, dirt (?), A. 465.
Guere, gear, B. 1505.
Guferes, evidently an error for _guteres_, C. 310. See T. B. 3072. See
extract under word _gote_.
{Gult, Gulte,} guilt, A. 942; B. 690.
Gulty, guilty, C. 210, 285.
Gut, C. 280.
Gyde-ropes, C. 105.
Gye, govern, B. 1598. Fr. _guider_; _guier_, direct, guide.
Gyle, guile, A. 671, 688; C. 285.
Gylt, guilt, B. 731.
Gylteȝ, A. 655.
Gyltleȝ, guiltless, A. 668.
Gyltyf, guilty, A. 669.
Gyn, machine; applied to the ark, B. 491; to a boat, C. 146.
Gyng, company, A. 455. A.S. _genge_. See T. B. 1225.
“Þan was Jacob busked yare,
Wit al þe _gynge_ þat wit him ware.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 30a.)
Gyngure, ginger, A. 43.
Gyse, guise, A. 1099.
Gyternere, A. 91. Fr. _guiterre_; _guiterne_, a gittern. (Cot.) Lat.
_cithara_, a harp.
Habbe, have, B. 75; _habes_, _habbes_, has, B. 555, 995.
{Hach, Hachche,} hatch (of a ship), B. 409; C. 179.
Hafyng. See _Hauyng_.
Hagherlych, fitly, B. 18. See _Haȝerly_.
Haldande, holding, C. 251.
Halde, hold, A. 454, 490; B. 652.
Halden, held, A. 1191; B. 42.
Hale, flow, A. 125. The original meaning is to drag along. Ger.
_holen_. O.N. _hala_. Fr. _haler_. Cf. T. B. 1782.
Hale, toss, B. 1520; C. 219.
Half, side, quarter, B. 950. O.N. _halfa_.
Halke, recess, B. 104, 321. A.S. _hylca_, hooks, turnings. “_Halke_ or
hyrne. Angulus, latibulum.” (Prompt. Parv.) See Canterbury Tales,
11433.
Halse, salute, wish one health, B. 1621. O.N. _heilsa_. Sw. _halsa_,
to salute. O.N. _heilsa_, health. See T. B. 367.
Halt, lame, B. 102. O.N. _halltr_, lame; _haltra_, _halta_, to limp.
Halue, behalf, B. 896.
Halue, side, border, B. 1039.
Halyday, holy day, B. 134; C. 9.
Halȝed, hallowed, sanctified, B. 506, 1163.
Hampre, to pack up for removal, B. 1284.
Han (_3d pers. pl. pres._), have, A. 776.
Hande-helme, B. 419.
Hapeneȝ, is blessed, B. 27.
Happe, joy, A. 16, 1195; _happeȝ_, blessings, B. 24; C. 11. O.N.
_happ_.
Happe, cover, B. 626; C. 450. Prov.E. _hap_, to cover; _happing_,
covering.
“Lord, what (lo) these weders ar cold, and I am ylle _happyd_.”
--(Town. Myst. p. 98.)
“_Happyn_ or _whappyn’_ yn cloþys.” “_Lappyn’_, or _whappyn’_ yn
cloþys (_happyn_ to-gedyr, S.; _wrap_ to-geder in clothes, P.)
Involvo.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Happen, _adj._ happy, blessed, C. 13, 17, 19, 21.
Hard, coarse cloth made of tow, “_hard_ hattes,” B. 1209. A.S.
_heordan_, _heordas_, hards, refuse of tow.
“Sum araies thaim in ringes, and sum in row breuys,
With _hard hattes_ on thaire hedis hied to thaire horsis.”
--(K. Alex. p. 102.)
Hardy, bold, B. 143.
Hardyly, boldly, A. 3.
Hare, B. 391.
Harlot, underling, B. 39; servant, profane jester, B. 860, 1584;
_harloteȝ_, harlot’s, B. 34; harlots, B. 860. This term was not
originally confined to females, nor even to persons of bad
character. W. _herlawd_, _herlod_, a youth; _herlodes_, a damsel.
Cf. “_harlotte_ scurrus.” “Gerro a tryfelour or a harlott.” Med. MS.
Cant. “An _harlott_, balator, rusticus, gerror, mima, joculator,
nugatur, scurrulus, manducus. An _harlottry_, lecacitas,
inurbanitas,” etc. To “do _harlottry_, scurrari.” Cath. Ang. in
Prompt. Parv.
“Ffore _harlottez_ and _hause-mene_ (house-men) salle helpe bott
littille.” --(Morte Arthure, p. 229.)
Harlottrye, profane speaking, B. 579.
Harme, _sb._ wrong, sin, C. 17; _pl._ _harmeȝ_, harms, A. 388.
Harmleȝ, guiltless, A. 676, 725.
Harpe, A. 881.
Harpen (_3d pers. pl. pres._), play on the harp, A. 881.
Harporeȝ, harpers, A. 881.
Haspe, fasten, B. 419; clothe, cover, C. 381. O.N. _hespa_, a clasp,
buckle. Cf. “_haspyng_ in armys.” T. B. 367.
Haspede, hook, C. 189. Cf. Dan. _haspe_, windlass, reel; _haspevinde_
capstan of a ship.
{Hastif, Hastyf,} hasty, C. 520.
{Hastyfly, Hastyly,} hastily, quickly, B. 200, 1150.
Hat, call, B. 448. A.S. _hátan_, to call.
{Hatel, Hattel,} anger, B. 200; fierce, B. 227; keen, sharp, C. 367,
481. S.Saxon _hatel_, _hetel_, keen, sharp, bitter. A.S. _hétel_,
fierce. O.Sax. _hatol_. A.S. _atol_, dire, cruel.
Hatere, clothing, garments, B. 33. A.S. _hætern_, _hæter_, clothing,
apparel.
Haþel, man, literally noble, A. 676; B. 27, 409, 1597. A.S. _æthele_,
noble; _ætheling_, a ruler, man.
“Homer was holden _haithill_ of dedis.” --(T. B. 38.)
Hatte, is called, B. 926; C. 35.
Haunte, practise, C. 15. Fr. _hanter_, frequent, haunt, literally, to
follow a certain course.
Haueke, hawk, B. 537.
Hauen, haven, port, B. 420.
Hauyng, condition, behaviour, A. 450, 754.
Haylsed, saluted, A. 238; B. 612, 814. See _Halse_. See T. B. 1792.
Hayre, heir, B. 666.
Hayreȝ, shirts of horse-hair, hair-cloth, sack-cloth, C. 373. A.S.
_héra_.
Haȝerly, fitly, properly, B. 18. This word occurs in the Ormulum under
_haȝherrlike_. O.N. _hægr_, dexter, facilis. Dan. _haage_, to
please; _haagelig_, agreeable, acceptable.
Hede, notice, A. 1051.
Hef, heaved, raised, C. 219.
Heke = eke, also, A. 210.
Helde, bend to, come to, B. 1330. A.S. _healdan_; _hyldan_, incline,
lean to. Dan. _helde_.
Helde, _adv._ willingly, A. 1193; _in helde_, in mind, in purpose,
disposed, B. 1520.
Helded, approached, B. 39.
Heldeȝ, goes, walks, B. 678.
“Þir brether _helid_ ai forth þair wai
Þat to þair fader ful suith com þai.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 29b.)
Hele, safety, C. 335; health, B. 1099; pleasure, A. 16. A.S. _hél_.
Helle-hole, B. 223.
Hellen, of hell, C. 306.
Helme, C. 149.
Hem, them, C. 180.
Hemme, border, A. 1001.
Hende, gracious, B. 612; C. 398; pleasant, B. 1083. Norse _hendt_,
adapted; _hendug_. Dan. _hændig_, handy, dextrous. Cf. _hendly_,
T. B. 1792.
Hendelayk, mildness, civility, B. 860. Hard-_laike_ occurs in T. B.
2213.
{Heng, Henge,} hang, B. 1584, 1734.
Hens, hence, C. 204.
{Hent, Hente,} take, seize, receive, A. 388, 669; B. 151, 376, 883,
1150. O.N. _henda_. A.S. _hentan_.
Hepe, heap, company. B. 1775.
Her, their, A. 888.
Here, heir, B. 52.
“Bede his doughter come downe and his _dere heire_.” (T. B. 389.)
Here, hair, A. 210.
Here, company, B. 409, 902. T. B. 6253. A.S. _here_, an army, host,
etc.
Hered, honoured, B. 1086. A.S. _hérian_, to praise, commend.
{Herken, Herkne,} hearken, B. 193, 458.
Herneȝ, brains, A. 58. O.N. _hjarni_. Sw. _hjerna_.
Herneȝ = erneȝ, eagles, B. 537.
Hert, heart, B. 1723.
Hertte, hart, B. 391, 535.
Heruest, harvest, B. 523.
Hery, honour, praise, B. 1527. See _hered_.
{Herytage, Heritage,} A. 417; B. 652.
Herȝe, harry, B. 1179, 1294; drag out, C. 178. Sc. _herry_; _harry_,
rob, spoil, pillage. A.S. _hergian_, _herian_, to plunder, afflict,
vex. Fr. _harrier_, provoke, molest. O.N. _heria_, to make an inroad
on.
{Hest, Heste,} command, A. 633; B. 94, 341; promise, B. 1636.
Hete, promise, vow, A. 402; B. 1346; C. 336. O.N. _haeta_, to
threaten. T. B. 240.
Heter, rough, C. 373. See T. B. 5254. N.Prov. _hetter_, _hitter_,
eager, earnest.
Heterly, quickly, greatly, fiercely, A. 402; B. 380, 1222; C. 381,
477. See T. B. 3499.
Heþe, heath, B. 535.
Heþen, hence, A. 231. O.N. _hëthan_. See T. B. 5115.
Heþyng, scorn, contempt, B. 579, 710; C. 2. O.N. _háthung_. See T. B.
1753, 1818.
Heue, heave, raise, A. 314, 473. O.N. _hefia_.
Heued, head, A. 459, 465.
Heuen, raise, exalt, A. 16; B. 24, 506; increase, “_heuen þi hele_.”
B. 920. We also meet with the phrase to “_heuen harm_.”
“Qua folus lang wit uten turn,
Oft his fote sal find a spurn;
Reu his res þan sal he sare,
Or _heuen_ his harme with foli mare.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 25a.)
Heuen-ryche, the kingdom of heaven, A. 719; C. 14.
Heuy, sorrowful, A. 1180; C. 2.
Heyred, harried, dragged, pulled, B. 1786. See _Herȝe_. “_Harryn’_ or
_drawyn’_ trahicio, pertraho” (Prompt. Parv.)
Heyred = heryed, honoured, B. 1527. See _Hered_.
Heȝe, high, lofty, B. 1391, 1749.
Heȝe, hasten, B. 1584. See _Hyȝe_.
{Heȝt, Heȝþe,} height, A. 1031; B. 317.
{Hide, Hidde,} hid, hidden, B. 1600, 1628.
Hidor, fear, C. 367. O.Fr. _hisdour_; _hidour_, dread.
Hiled, covered, B. 1397. A.S. _hélan_, _hélian_. Prov.E. _hele_,
_hill_, _hile_, to cover. O.N. _hylia_, to hide.
Hitte, to make for, C. 289; come, B. 479; C. 380. O.N. _hitta_, to
light on, find.
“Þai turne into Tessaile withouten tale more,
_Hit_ up into a havyn all the hepe samyn.” --(T. B. 991.)
Hiȝe = high, loud, B. 1564.
Hiȝly, greatly, B. 920.
Ho, she, A. 232, 233; B. 659. A.S. _heo_. Prov.E. _hoo_.
Ho-besteȝ, she-heasts, B. 337.
Hod, hood, B. 34.
Hodleȝ, hoodless, B. 643.
Hofen, (_p.p._ of _heve_), exalted, raised, B. 1711.
Hokyllen, beat, B. 1267. Is this an error for _hollkyen_? See
_Holkke_.
Hol, whole, B. 102, 594.
Hole-foted, B. 538.
Holde, dominion, B. 1597.
Holkke, thrust out, B. 1222. The original meaning seems to be “to make
hollow, dig out, pierce.” A.S. _holian_, to hollow; _hol_, _holh_,
a hole. Cf. O.Sc. and O.E. _holket_, hollow; _holk_, dig out.
Prov.E. _hulk_, to take out entrails of rabbits and hares (Baker).
Sw. _holka_, _hulka_, to hollow.
Holly, wholly, B. 104, 1140.
Holteȝ, woods, A. 921. A.S. _holt_, wood, grove; “_holte woddes_,”
T. B. 1351.
Holȝe, hollow, B. 1695. A.S. _holh_.
Homly, familiar, domestic, A. 1211.
Hommes, hams, thighs, B. 1541. O.N. _höm_, the back of the thigh.
Honde, hand, A. 49, 706; B. 174.
Hondel, handle, B. 11.
Hondelyng, _sb._ handling, B. 1101.
Hondelynge, _adv._ with hands, A. 681.
Honde-werk, handwork, C. 496.
Honde-whyle, a moment, B. 1786. A.S. _hand-hwíl_; “in a _hond-while_,”
T. B. 406.
Hone, to delay, abide, A. 921. See Met. Hom., p. 129.
Honest, B. 14, 18.
Honestly, B. 134, 705.
Honour, A. 852; B. 594.
Honyseȝ, destroys, ruins, B. 596. O.Fr. _honeison_, shame; _honnir_,
to shame, blame, borrowed from Goth, _haunjan_. Ger. _höhnen_.
“And Alexander alle that quile asperly rydis
To the grete flode of Granton, and it one a glance fyndes,
Or he was soȝt to the side ȝit sondird the qweryns,
His hors it _hunyschist_ for evir, and he with hard schapid.”
--(K. Alex. p. 102.)
Hope, expect, think, suppose, A. 142; B. 663.
Hores, theirs, C. 14.
Hores (?), B. 1695.
Hortyng, _sb._ hurting, harm, B. 740.
Horwed, unclean, B. 335. A.S. _horwa_, _hóru_, dirt; _hyrwian_, to
defile.
Horyed, hurried, B. 883.
{Hot, Hote,} angry, B. 200.
Hourlande, rolling, rushing, hurling, C. 271.
Hourle, wave, C. 319.
Household, B. 18.
Houe, abide, B. 927. W. _hofian_; _hofio_, to fluctuate, hover,
suspend.
Houeȝ, hovers, B. 458, 485.
Houen, exalted, raised, B. 206, 413, 1451.
Hue, cry, voice, A. 873.
{Hue, Huee,} hue, complexion, A. 842; B. 1483.
Huge, great, B. 4, 1659.
Hunger, _vb._ C. 19.
Hurkele, hang, B. 150; rest, 406. The original meaning is to nestle,
crouch, squat. N.Prov.E. _hurkle_, to squat, crouch, nestle. Du.
_hurken_, to squat. O.N. _hruka_.
“Then come ther in a litill brid into his arme fleȝe,
And ther _hurkils_ and hydis as sche were hande tame,
Fast scho flekirs about his fete, and fleȝtirs aboute.”
--(K. Alex. p. 18.)
Hurlande, hurling, rushing, B. 413, 1211.
Hurle, rush, B. 44, 223, 376, 874, 1204; “_hurlet_ out of houses,”
T. B. 1365.
Hurrok, oar, B. 419; C. 185. Prov.E. _orruck_. “_Orruck_-holes,
oar-drawing holes, as distinct from thole-pins, which are less used
in our boats: _rykke_, to draw (Dan.). Compare English _rullocks_.”
Norfolk Words: Miss A. Gurney in Transactions of Philological
Society for 1855, p. 34.
Huyde, hide, B. 915.
Huyle, while, A. 41.
Hwe, hue, A. 896; _hwes_, B. 1119.
Hwed, coloured, B. 1045.
Hyde, skin, A. 1136.
Hyl-coppe, hill-top, A. 791. See _Coppe_.
Hynde = hende, courteous, A. 909; B. 1098.
Hyne, servants; _hinds_, A. 505, 632, 1211. A.S. _hina_, _hine_ (for
_higna_, _higne_), a domestic. O.N. _hion_, family.
Hyre, _sb._ hire, wages, A. 534, 539.
Hyre, _vb._ A. 507, 560.
Hyrne, corner, B. 1294; C. 178. A.S. _hyrne_. “Hyd hom in houles and
_hyrnys_ aboute,” T. B. 1362.
Hytteȝ, strives, seeks, A. 132.
Hyue, hive, B. 223.
Hyure, hire, C. 56.
Hyȝe, high grounds, heights, B. 391.
{Hyȝe, Hyȝ,} high, A. 39, 395; B. 380; “on _hyȝe_,” B. 413; “_hyȝe_
trot,” quick pace, B. 976.
Hyȝe, hie, hasten, B. 33, 392, 538; C. 217. A.S. _higan_, _higian_.
Hyȝe, labourer, servant, B. 67. A.S. _higo_, a servant. See _Hine_.
Hyȝly, greatly, B. 1527.
Hyȝt, named, called, promised, A. 305, 950; B. 24, 665, 1162.
Hyȝt, height, B. 458; C. 398.
Hyȝtled, ornamented, decorated, B. 1290.
“He had a hatt on his hede _hiȝtild_ o floures.”
--(K. Alex. p. 155.)
I-brad, extended, reached, B. 1693. See _Brayde_.
Ichose, chosen, A. 904.
Idolatrye, B. 1173.
Ilk, same, B. 1755.
Ille, bad, evil, B. 577.
Ilyche = alike, B. 228, 975; C. 161. A.S. _gelíc_.
Image, B. 983.
In-blande, together, B. 885. Dan. _iblandt_. See _Bland_.
Inflokke, flock in, B. 1767.
Inlyche, alike, A. 546, 603.
In-melle, among, A 1127. This word is usually written _i-melle_. Icel.
_á-milli_.
{In-monge, In-mongeȝ,} among, amidst, B. 278, 1485.
{In-mydde, In-myddeȝ,} amidst, B. 125, 1677.
Innocens, innocence, A. 708.
{Innoghe, Innoȝe,} enough, sufficiently, A. 612, 625, 637; abundant,
C. 528.
In-nome, taken in, A. 703.
{Innossent, Inoscente,} innocent, A. 666, 672, 684.
Inobedyent, disobedient, B. 237. Fr. _inobedient_.
In-seme, together, A. 838. A.S. _gesome_. O.E. _ysome_.
In-stoundes, at times, B. 1603.
Instrumente, B. 1081.
Insyȝt, opinion, B. 1659.
Ire, wrath, B. 572.
Iwysse, truly, indeed, B. 84. A.S. _gewis_.
In-wyth, within, A. 970.
Jacynth, A. 1014.
Janglande, muttering, C. 90. O.Fr. _jangler_, to chatter.
Jape, device, sin, B. 272, 864; C. 57. Fr. _japper_, to yelp, chatter.
The original meaning of _jape_ is in O.E. to deceive, to lie.
Jasper, A. 999.
Jauele, a wicked wretch, a base fellow, B. 1495. “_Javel_, Joppus,
gerro.” (Prompt. Parv.)
“The Lieutenant of the Tower advising Sir Thomas Moor to put on
worse cloaths at his execution, gives this reason, because he that
is to have them is but a _javel_; to which Sir Thomas replied,
shall I count him a _javel_ who is to doe me so great a benefit.”
--(MS. Lansd. 1033, in Hall.)
Jeaunte, giant, B. 272.
{Jolef, Jolyf, Joly,} handsome, happy, true, A. 842, 929; B. 300, 864;
C. 241.
Joparde, jeopardy, A. 602.
Jostyse, justice, judge, B. 877.
Journay, C. 355.
Jowked, slept, C. 182.
{Joy, Joye,} A. 266.
Joyfol, A. 288.
Joyleȝ, joyless, sorrowful, A. 252; C. 146.
Joyne, B. 726.
Joyned, A. 1009; B. 434.
Joyned, enjoined, B. 877; C. 62, 355.
Joynte, B. 1540.
Joyst, B. 434.
{Juel, Juele,} jewel, A. 249, 253, 278.
{Jueler, Juelere,} jeweller, A. 252, 264.
Juelrye, jewelry, B. 1309.
Jugge, judge, A. 7, 804; C. 224.
Juggement, judgment, B. 726.
{Juis, Juise,} judgment, doom, B. 726; C. 224.
Jumpred (? _Jumpre_ from A.S. _geomer_, miserable, sad), trouble,
B. 491.
Justyfyet, justified, A. 700.
Kable, B. 418.
Kake, B. 625, 635.
Kark, sorrow, C. 265. W. and Gael. _carc_, care.
Karle, churl, B. 208. See _Chorle_.
Kart, B. 1259.
Kayrene, to go, B. 945. See _Cayre_.
Kayser, emperor, B. 1593.
Kaȝt, caught, B. 1215.
Kene, great, noble, B. 839, 1593; sharp, B. 1697.
Kenely, quickly, B. 945.
Kenne, to know, make known, show, A. 55; B. 865, 1707; C. 357. O.N.
_kenna_. Norse _kjenna_, to perceive by sense, recognise, observe.
Kennest, keenest, B. 1575.
Kepe, care for, regard, B. 508.
Kerve, dig, A. 512; cut, B. 1104; rend, B. 1582.
{Kest, Keste,} contrive, B. 1070, 1455; cast, A. 66; B. 414.
Keue, depart, A. 320.
Keued, separated, A. 981.
Keuer, recover, restore, B. 1605, 1700.
Keye, key, B. 1438.
Klubbe, club, B. 1348.
Klyffeȝ, cliffs, A. 66, 74.
Knaue, knave, B. 855; servant, B. 801.
{Knaue, Knaw, Knawe,} know; _knawen_, known, A. 637; B. 1435, 1575.
Knawlach, knowledge, B. 1702; See T. B. 1083.
Knot, crowd, company, A. 788.
Knyt, knit, unite, establish, B. 564.
Kost, coast, border, B. 912.
Kote, house, B. 801.
Koynt = quaint, curious, crafty, B. 1382.
Krakke, sound, B. 1403.
Kuy, kine, cows, B. 1259.
{Kyd, Kydde,} showed, proved, (_pret._ of _kythe_), B. 23, 208.
_Kyde_, as an _adj._ = renowned.
“This kyde realme.” --(T. B. 213.)
Kylle, to strike, B. 876. See T. B. 1211, 1213.
Kyndam, kingdom, B. 1700.
Kynde, nature, species, B. 266, 505, 507.
{Kyndely, Kyndly,} naturally, properly, B. 1, 319.
Kynne, conceive, B. 1072. A.S. _cennan_, to conceive, beget.
Kynned, kindled, B. 915. O.N. _kynda_.
Kynneȝ, “alle kynneȝ = of every kind,” A. 1028.
Kyntly = kyndly, naturally, A. 690.
Kyppe, take up, seize, B. 1510. Prov.E. _kep_. O.N. _kippa_. A.S.
_cépan_. See Robt. of Glouc. 125. Havelok the Dane, 2407. “_Kyppyn’_
idem quod _Hynton_;” “_Kyppynge_ or _hyntynge_ (_hentynge_, K. P.),
Raptus.” (Prompt. Parv.)
{Kyrk, Kyrke,} church, temple, A. 1061; B. 1270.
Kyryous = curious, careful, particular, B. 1109.
{Kyst, Kyste,} chest, ark, B. 449, 1438; C. 159.
Kyþe, show, exhibit, A. 356; B. 851, acknowledge, B. 1368. A.S.
_cíthan_, to make known.
“Ye _kyþe_ me suche kyndnes,” --(T. B. 557.)
{Kyþ, Kyþe,} city, land, region, A. 1198; B. 414, 571, 901, 912;
C. 18. A.S. _cyth_, a region, home, native place.
“Ther was a kyng in þat coste þat þe _kithe_ ought.”
--(T. B. 103.)
Kyþyn (_gen. pl._ of _kyþe_), of cities, B. 1366.