England; canvas, H. 3 ft. 6 in. × 2 ft. 9 in. Portrait of Mrs.
Langtry, three-quarters length, three-quarters view to left, in a
black silk dress. Royal Academy, 1878. Engraved by T. O. Barlow.
JERUSALEM, DESTRUCTION OF, Wilhelm von _Kaulbach_, New Museum,
Berlin; mural painting, staircase hall. Above the burning Temple
appear in the clouds the prophets of the Old Testament, while Titus
enters the destroyed city; the High Priest, standing among the flying
multitude, kills himself; at left, demons flogging the Wandering Jew;
at right, a congregation of Christians peacefully leaving the city.
JERVAS, CHARLES, born in Ireland about 1675, died in London, Nov.
2, 1739. Pupil of Sir Godfrey Kneller, and a pleasing painter in
the vigorous style of the school to which he belonged. A Dr. Clark,
for whom he copied Raphael’s Cartoons in little, sent him to France
and Italy to study art. After his return he married a rich widow,
frequented the society of Pope and Addison, and filled the office of
court-painter to George I. and George II. He paid a second visit to
Italy the year before his death. His portraits of Queen Caroline,
Pope, and Martha Blount, the Duchess of Queensbury, and Dean Swift,
are in the National Portrait Gallery. There is a second portrait
of Pope by him at Lansdowne House, and one of Newton at the Royal
Society.--W. B. S. Taylor, Fine Arts in Great Britain and Ireland;
Redgrave.
JESUS, HISTORY OF, Sistine Chapel, Vatican; a series of frescoes on
the right wall, each having a typical reference to a corresponding
picture opposite, from the life of Moses. 1. Baptism of Christ, by
Pietro Perugino. 2. The Temptation, or Christ overcoming the Power
of Satan, by Sandro Botticelli. 3. Calling of the Apostles from the
Lake of Gennesareth, by Domenico Ghirlandajo. 4. Christ preaching on
the Mount, by Cosimo Rosselli. 5. Christ’s Charge to Peter, by Pietro
Perugino. 6. Last Supper, by Cosimo Rosselli. 7. Resurrection, by
Domenico Ghirlandajo.--Kugler (Eastlake), i. 230.
By Raphael. See _Raphael’s_ Bible.
[Illustration: Sleep of Jesus, Annibale Carracci, Louvre.]
JESUS, SLEEP OF, Annibale _Carracci_, Louvre; canvas, H. 1 ft. 3
in. × 1 ft. 6 in. The Virgin sustains Jesus, who is sleeping upon
a table covered with a cloth, and makes a sign to St. John, who is
about to touch the Child, not to disturb him. Collection of Louis
XIV. Engraved by E. Picart (1681); Poilly; Reindel; Richomme;
Hainzelmann.--Musée royal, i.; Filhol, iv. Pl. 242; Landon, Musée,
ii. Pl. 22.
By Bernardino _Luini_, Louvre; wood, H. 3 ft. 3 in. × 2 ft. 4 in. The
Virgin, standing, with Jesus asleep in her arms; at left, an angel
offering a cloth to cover him; behind, two other angels, one holding
a roll, the other a cushion. Collection of Louis XIV. Attributed
formerly to Solario and to school of Leonardo da Vinci.--Villot, Cat.
Louvre.
JETTEL, EUGEN, born at Johnsdorf, Moravia, March 20, 1845. Landscape
painter, pupil in Vienna of Albert Zimmermann; travelled in France,
Italy, and Hungary, and has for some years worked in Paris under
the influence of the modern French school. Gold medal in Munich
(1869). Works: Wood Landscape in the Ramsau; Hintersee (1869), Vienna
Academy; Mountain Forest, View near Dieppe (1870); Herd by the
Water, Views in Bavaria, At Dieppe, Road in Holland (1875); Birch
Trees in Holland, Plateau de Belle-Croix (1877); Swamp in North
Holland, Bathers on River-Bank (1878); Turf-Pit in Holland (1879);
Marshes in Holland (1881); Canal and River Views (3, 1884).--Müller,
283; Zeitschr. f. b. K., viii. (Mittheilungen, i. 39).
JEWISH BRIDE (Fiancée Juive), _Rembrandt_, Amsterdam Museum; canvas,
H. 3 ft. 10 in. × 5 ft. 4 in.; signed. A man, in yellow dress and
mantle, and black hat, stands with his left hand on the shoulder of a
woman dressed in red, with jewels, pearls, and lace on her arms and
neck. Nothing to justify calling it Jewish; surmised to be portraits
of Rembrandt and his wife. Painted about 1660; in his last manner. De
Heer Vaillant Collection, Amsterdam (1825), 5,000 florins.--Van der
Hoop Cat.; Mollett, Rembrandt, 73; Vosmaer, 300, 491; Smith, vii. 144.
JIMENEZ, LUIS, born in Seville, Spain, June 21, 1845. Genre painter,
pupil of Eduardo Cano; removed in 1875 to Paris. Works: Drummers of
the Republic (1877); A Patio in Seville (1878); Music at the Inn
(1879); Anteroom of a Minister in 18th Century (1880); Young Girls to
Marry (1881); Master’s Visit (1882); Expecting the Cardinal (1882);
Competition on the Violin, At Tea (1883); Chorus Rehearsal (1884);
Old Bachelor (1885).--La Ilustracion (1880), ii. 251; (1882), ii.
251; (1883), ii. 130.
JIMENEZ Y ARANDA, JOSÉ, born in Seville, Spain, in 1832. Genre
painter, brother of above, pupil of Seville fine arts school; was
in Rome from 1872 to 1875, when he established himself in Seville.
Medal, 2d class, Munich, 1883. Works: Boutique of Figaro (1875),
W. T. Walters, Baltimore; The Morning Rosary; Sermon in Courtyard
of Seville Cathedral (1879); Emotions of a Cogida, Accident at
Bullfight, Book-Lovers (1880); Botanist, An Afternoon at Seville
(1881); Old Castilian; Reading the Newspaper (1882); Consultation at
the Lawyer’s, Invalids of the First Republic, Orchestra Rehearsal
of an Anthem (1884); News from Scene of War (1885).--La Ilustracion
(1880), ii. 83; (1881), i. 91, 267; (1882), i. 6, 371; (1884), ii.
98, 179, 299, 315; (1885), ii. 202; Zeitschr. f. b. K., xix. 317.
JIMENEZ Y HERNANDEZ, Don FEDERICO, born in Spain; contemporary.
Animal painter, especially of poultry, which he represents
humourously. Works: Eagle and Beetle, Poultry Yard, Will He Come
In? (1881); Attack and Defense (1882); General Dispersion (1883);
Judgment of Paris, Mother and Children (1884).--La Ilustracion
(1881), ii. 82; (1882), ii. 66; (1883), ii. 362; (1884), ii. 355.
JOAN OF ARC, _Bastien_-Lepage, Erwin Davis, New York. The heroine,
represented as a peasant girl, standing under the trees, gazing
upward with a rapt expression; behind, in the clouds, are spectral
figures illustrating different phases of her career. Never engraved.
By Sir John Everett _Millais_, Bart., W. C. Quilter, Esq., M.P.;
canvas, H. 2 ft. 7 in. × 2 ft. Represented at the crisis of her fate,
clad in armour, and kneeling. Royal Academy, 1865.
JOAN OF ARC AT CORONATION OF CHARLES VII., Pierre Charles _Comte_,
Reims Museum. As the king, crowned and with his sceptre, descends
the steps of the altar, in the midst of the cardinals, bishops, and
dignitaries of the realm, Joan, wearing a cuirass and a white mantle,
and bearing the Oriflamme, kneels to him. Salon, 1861; Universal
Exposition, 1867.--Larousse, vi. 114.
By Dominique _Ingres_, Versailles Museum. Standing on the steps of
the altar of the Cathedral of Reims, in full armour, bearing in one
hand the Oriflamme and pointing with the other toward the altar;
behind her stands Doloy, her esquire, Paquerel, her confessor, and
some pages. The coronation scene is out of sight of the spectator.
Painted in 1854.--Larousse, vi. 114.
[Illustration: Joan of Arc in Prison, Paul Delaroche, Duke of Padua.]
JOAN OF ARC IN PRISON, Paul _Delaroche_, Duke of Padua; canvas, H. 8
ft. 7 in. × 6 ft. 10 in. Joan, lying upon a pallet in a prison cell,
with chains on her wrists and her hands clasped, is interrogated by
the Bishop of Winchester, seated in an arm-chair; behind him a clerk,
standing, records her answers in a book. Salon, 1824. Engraved by
Reynolds.--Annales du Musée (1824), i. Pl. 32; Larousse, vi. 114.
JOANES, VICENTE, born in Fuente de la Higuera, Valencia, in 1523–24,
died in Bocairente, Dec. 21, 1579. History and portrait painter;
real name Vicente Juan Macip; called also Juan de Juanes. Studied in
Rome, probably under the disciples of Raphael, of whose style he was
one of the ablest imitators. Painted chiefly religious compositions,
but was famous for his portraits. On his return from Italy he opened
a school at Valencia, where he spent most of his life. Works: Life
of St. Stephen (5 pictures), _Last_ Supper, Visitation, Martyrdom
of St. Agnes, Coronation of the Virgin, Ecce Homo, Saviour of
the World, Melchisedec, Aaron as High Priest, Christ bearing his
Cross, Christ with the Host, Descent from the Cross, Christ in the
Garden, portrait of Don Luis de Castelvi, Madrid Museum; Baptism of
Christ, Conversion of St. Paul, St. Thomas of Villanueva, Cathedral,
Valencia; Conception, Jesuits’ Church, ib.; Assumption, Museum, ib.;
Visitation of Mary, Carlsruhe Gallery; Death of the Virgin, Dresden
Gallery; St. Anna, St. Dominic, Hermitage, St. Petersburg.--Stirling,
i. 354; Viardot, Peintres de l’Espagne, 83; Washburn, 39; Ch. Blanc,
École espagnole.
JOANNA OF ARAGON, portrait, _Raphael_, Louvre; wood, transferred
to canvas, H. 4 ft. × 3 ft. 3 in. Daughter of Ferdinand of Aragon,
Duke of Montalto, and granddaughter of Ferdinand I., King of Naples,
married to Ascanio Colonna, Prince of Tagliacozzo; one of the most
famous wits and beauties of the sixteenth century. Seated in a
magnificent saloon, in a red velvet dress, with sleeves of yellow
silk and under-sleeves of gauze, with her long hair confined by a red
velvet cap ornamented with pearls and precious stones; in background,
at left, a woman leans over a balustrade between two columns; in
distance, a garden. Painted about 1518 for Cardinal da _Bibbiena_,
who presented it to Francis I. when papal legate to France (1518–19).
According to Vasari, the head only is by Raphael, the remainder by
Giulio Romano. Copies in Warwick Castle; Collection of Baron Speck,
Lutschena, near Leipsic; Berlin Museum, by Sassoferrato; Palazzo
Doria, Rome, by pupil of L. da Vinci. Engraved by J. Chereau; R.
Morghen; M. Leroux.--Vasari, ed. Mil., v. 525; Cab. Crozat, i. Pl. 8;
Cat. Louvre; Passavant, ii. 265; Musée royal, ii.; Gerhard, Johanna
von Arragonien, Tüb. Kunstblatt (1833), Nos. 15, 16; Müntz, 533;
Springer, 349; Ch. Blanc, École ombrienne; Gaz. des B. Arts (1880),
xxii. 465.
[Illustration: Job visited by his Friends (History of Job), Francesco
da Volterra, Campo Santo, Pisa.]
JOB, HISTORY OF, Francesco da _Volterra_, Campo Santo, Pisa. A series
of six frescoes, painted in a double course at the west end of the
south wall. 1. Job feasting with his friends. 2. Satan pleading
before God for permission to torment Job. 3. Attack of the Sabeans
and destruction of Job’s house. 4. Unknown scene, now obliterated. 5.
Job visited by his friends. 6. Job’s return to prosperity. Attributed
by Vasari to Giotto, but proved by the records of the Campo Santo
to have been executed by Francesco da Volterra, who began them in
1370.--Vasari, ed. Mil., i. 380; C. & C., Italy, i. 392; Kugler
(Eastlake), i. 154; Larousse, ix. 992.
JOBBÉ-DUVAL, (ARMAND MARIE) FÉLIX, born at Carhaix (Finistère), July
16, 1821. Genre painter, pupil of Delaroche, Gleyre, and of École
des Beaux Arts; belongs to a small school of painters, called Neo
Greeks, whose style is refined and whose prevailing tone of colour
is quiet. Medals: 3d class, 1851, 1857; L. of Honour, 1861. Works:
Rest, The Coffin (1843); Marguerite in Martha’s Garden (1845); Holy
Family (1848); Virgin Fainting, Harvest (1849), Mans Museum; Winter,
Springtime, Sick Girl (1850), bought by State; Betrothal at Corinth
(1852), Rennes Museum; Theological Virtues, Plague at Milan, Death,
St. Borromeo’s Apology (1853), St. Séverin, Paris; Bride Dressing
(1855), Lyons Museum; Oaristis (1855); Jews expelled from Spain,
Calvary, Dream (1857); Martha and Mary Magdalen at Tomb of Christ
(1863); St. Francis converting the Protestants at Thonon, St. Francis
helping the Poor, Church of St. Louis-en-l’Ile, Paris; Conscience
sustaining Duty (1865); Gentleness, Descent from Cross (1866);
Bouquet of Roses (1872); Mysteries of Bacchus (1873); The Sea (1878);
Electra (1883); Office of Municipal Council of Paris (1885); and many
portraits and decorative works.--Bellier, i. 830; Gaz. des B. Arts
(1862), xii. 202; (1866), xx. 366, 513; Larousse.
JOCONDE, LA. See _Mona_ Lisa.
JODL, FERDINAND, born in Munich in 1805. Architecture painter, pupil
of Domenico Quaglio. Works: Interior of Frauenkirche in Munich;
Castle Hohenschwangau, View of Maria Hilf Church, and two other Views
in Munich (1828), New Pinakothek, Munich; Interior of Ulm Cathedral;
St. Sebaldus in Nuremberg.--Müller, 284.
JODOCUS OF GHENT. See _Justus_ of Ghent.
[Illustration: Bust]
JOEST, JAN, born probably at Calcar about 1460, died at Haarlem
in 1519. History painter, first instructed at Calcar, then formed
himself undoubtedly in the school of Haarlem, whence he seems to have
returned to Calcar in 1505, and began to paint the great altarpiece
in the parish church of St. Nicholas, representing, in twenty
panels, the Life, Passion, and Triumph of Christ, containing 216
figures, which was completed in 1508. This shows him to have been a
skilful master, trained in the old school of the Netherlands. In all
probability he then returned to Haarlem, where he seems to have spent
the remainder of his life, and where he was buried in the cathedral
of St. Bavon. A Holy Family, attributed to him, is in the Brussels
Museum.--Allgem. Zeitg. Oct. 28, 1874; Förster, ii. 156; Hotho,
Gesch., ii. 188; Kunst-Chronik, x. 74; Wolff, Die Nicolaipfarrkirche
zu Calcar (Calcar, 1880), 17, 58; W. & W., ii. 492; Zeitschr. f. b.
K., xi. 339, 374.
JOHANN VON KÖLN, German school, 15th century. History painter,
joined the brotherhood of Agnetenberg, near Zwoll, in 1440; was an
artist of much inventive power. Work, Adoration of Magi, Berlin
Museum.--Allgem. d. Biogr., xiv. 460; Merlo, Nachrichten, 219.
JOHANNOT, (CHARLES HENRI) ALFRED, born at Offenbach on the Main,
March 21, 1800, died in Paris, Dec. 7, 1837. History painter, brother
and pupil of the engraver Charles Johannot (1788–1825). First known
as an engraver of the works of Ary Scheffer and Vernet. His pictures
are distinguished for their good colour and careful elaboration of
detail. Gold medal, 1831. Works: Arrest of Jean de Crespierre (1831);
Entry of Mlle. de Montpensier into Orléans during the War of the
Fronde, Announcement of the Victory of Hastenbeck (1833); Francis I.
and Charles V. (1834); Cromwell, Mme. d’Ancre (1834); Henry II. and
Catherine de Medicis with their Children, The Courier Verner bled
by the King (1835); Mary Stuart leaving Scotland (1836); St. Martin
giving away Half of his Cloak; Anne of Este arriving at Court of
Charles IX. (1837); The Battle of Brattelen, 1444 (1838), Battle of
Rosebecque, 1382 (1839), Funeral of the Victims of July 28, 1835,
Versailles Museum.--Bellier, i. 831; Ch. Blanc, École française,
iii.; Lenormant, Beaux Arts, i. 233; Meyer, Gesch., 435; Nouv. biog.
gen., xxvi. 785.
JOHANNOT, TONY, born at Offenbach on the Main, Nov. 9, 1803, died in
Paris, Aug. 4, 1852. History painter, brother and pupil of Alfred,
whom he assisted in engraving the illustrations to the works of
Walter Scott, Cooper, and Byron. Though somewhat weak in drawing, his
first Salon pictures (1831) were attractive and solid in execution.
Works: Woman giving Soldier a Drink (1831); Death of Duguesclin
(1835); Battle of Fontenay (1837), Battle of Rosebecque (1839),
Versailles Museum; Boyhood of Duguesclin (1840); The Siesta, Halt,
Louis VII. forcing the Passage of the Meander (1841), Versailles
Museum; Louis Philippe giving two Gobelins Tapestries to Queen
Victoria (1846); Happy Mother, Unhappy Mother, Little Poachers,
Spanish Smugglers, Little Fishermen, Death of St. Paul, Fisherman’s
Family, River Scamander (1850); Scene of Pillage (1852).--Bellier,
i. 832; Ch. Blanc, École française; Lenormant, Beaux-Arts, i. 233;
Meyer, Gesch., 435; Nouv. biog. générale, xxvi. 786.
JOHN, ST., THE ALMSGIVER, _Titian_, S. Giovanni Elemosinario,
Venice; canvas, figures life-size. St. John, bishop and patriarch
of Alexandria, seated on a raised podium, gives alms to a beggar at
the foot of the steps. Painted in 1533 in rivalry with Pordenone,
according to Vasari. One of the finest works of the master’s middle
time (C. & C.).--Vasari, ed. Mil., vii. 441; C. & C., Titian, i. 379.
JOHN BAPTIST, ST., _Guercino_, Capitol Gallery, Rome. Half-figure of
the Saint, with one hand resting on his breast and his eyes raised to
heaven. Fine head.--Lavice, 331.
By _Murillo_, Madrid Museum; canvas, H. 4 ft. × 3 ft. 3 in. St.
John, about seven years old, wearing a red tunic and sheepskin robe,
seated beside a large rock, looking towards a ray of light descending
from heaven; his right hand is on his breast, his left holding a
cross and a scroll, inscribed “Agnus Dei;” background, rocks and
trees. Collection of Marqués de la Ensenada. Etched by B. Maura;
lithographed by Camaron, A. Lemoine, Lafosse, A. de Belvedere, L.
Maurin. Repetitions: Heytesbury House, Wiltshire; Western Wood, North
Cray, Kent; G. Delahante, Paris.--Curtis, 245; Lübke; Madrazo, 473.
By _Murillo_, Seville Museum; canvas, H. 7 ft. 4 in. × 4 ft. 1 in.
The Saint, about thirty years old, partly clothed, standing front,
with joined hands, leaning against a large rock; a cross rests on his
left arm; a lamb stands beside him on his left. Painted about 1676
for high altar of church of Capuchin Convent, Seville. Companion to
St. _Joseph_ and Infant Jesus (Seville Museum).--Curtis, 249.
By Andrea del _Sarto_, Palazzo Pitti, Florence; wood, H. 3 ft. × 2
ft. 2 in. Half-length, nude, with a skin about the loins; background,
a rock; reed cross in foreground. One of two mentioned by Vasari, who
says that Andrea painted a St. John for Giovanni Maria Benintendi,
who gave it to Duke Cosimo, and also a St. John which he intended to
send as a propitiatory offering to Francis I., but afterwards sold it
to Ottaviano de’ Medici.--Vasari, ed. Mil., v. 36.
[Illustration: St. John Baptist, Leonardo da Vinci, Louvre.]
By Leonardo da _Vinci_, Louvre; wood, H. 2 ft. 3 in. × 1 ft. 10 in.
Half-length, with lamb-skin about the loins; holds a cross in left
hand and points to heaven with right. In collection of Francis I.;
presented by Louis XIII. to Charles I. of England, who sent him in
return a portrait of Erasmus by Holbein and a Holy Family by Titian;
bought, after death of Charles, for £140 by banker Jabach, who sold
it to Louis XIV. Copy in the Ambrosiana, Milan, attributed to Salai.
Engraved by Boulanger.--Vasari, ed. Mil., iv. 58; Villot, Cat.
Louvre; Cab. de l’Amateur, iii. 31; Rigollot, Hist. des Arts, etc.,
i. 248; Clement, 222, 376; Heaton, 248.
JOHN BAPTIST, ST., BIRTH OF, Lodovico _Carracci_, Bologna Gallery;
canvas, H. 12 ft. 11 in. × 8 ft. 1 in. Engraved by G. Wagner; G.
Tomba.--Pinac. di Bologna, Pl. 44.
By _Tintoretto_, Hermitage, St. Petersburg; canvas, H. 6 ft. 1 in. ×
8 ft. 9 in. St. Anne presents the child to a nurse; in background,
St. Elizabeth in bed is taken care of by an attendant woman; to
right, Zacharias, who raises his eyes to heaven.
JOHN BAPTIST, ST., HEAD OF, _Murillo_, Leigh Court Collection,
Somerset, England; canvas, H. 2 ft. × 2 ft. 5 in. The bearded head in
a charger, placed on a table covered with drapery. Etched by J. Young
in Miles Gallery Catalogue.--Curtis, 250.
JOHN BAPTIST, ST., AND LAMB, _Murillo_, Hospital de la Caridad,
Seville; wood, H. 2 ft. 9 in. × 2 ft. The child St. John, standing
front, his left hand, holding a cross and scroll, on the back, and
his right hand on the breast of a lamb which stands by his side.
Painted for Hospital about 1674. Engraved by A. Boilly.--Curtis, 244.
By _Murillo_, National Gallery, London; canvas, H. 5 ft. 5 in. × 3
ft. 7 in. About six years old, in sheepskin garment, standing front,
embracing a lamb which stands on a rock; his left hand on back of
lamb, forefinger pointing upward; on ground, a cross and a scroll;
background, a hilly landscape with trees. Companion to _Christ_ the
Good Shepherd (Baron Rothschild), which see for history. Repetitions:
Earl of Lovelace, East Horsley Towers, Surrey; Dudley House, London.
Copy by Tobar in S. Isidoro, Seville; contemporary copy in Hermitage.
Engraved by F. Bacon, L. Stocks, A. H. Payne, J. Rogers, J. Stow,
Casenave, and others.--Curtis, 245; Notes and Queries, S. 6, iv. 427;
Portfolio, 1876.
By _Murillo_, Vienna Museum; canvas, H. 5 ft. × 3 ft, 6 in. The
child, cross in left hand, standing front, with right hand on lamb
standing by his side. Engraved by J. Blaschke (2), P. Gleditsch;
etched by W. Unger, Prenner.--Curtis, 246; Gal. de Vienne; Gemälde
Gal. in Wien.
JOHN BAPTIST, ST., ON JORDAN, Lodovico _Carracci_, Bologna Gallery;
canvas, H. 11 ft. 6 in. × 6 ft. 8 in. St. John, in a wood, on the
banks of the Jordan, preaching. Formerly in church of the monastery
of the Certosa, Bologna. Engraved by G. Wagner; F. Rosaspina.--Pinac.
di Bologna, Pl. 47; Lanzi, iii. 70.
[Illustration: St. John Baptist on Jordan, Nicolas Poussin, Louvre.]
By Nicolas _Poussin_, Louvre; canvas, H. 3 ft. × 4 ft. St. John,
standing on the bank of the river, is baptising two men who kneel
before him; at one side, a woman, kneeling, presents her infant;
at the other, men removing their garments; further back, three old
men and a young man on horseback looking on; on the other side of
the river, a bark; in background, mountains. Painted in 1640 for
Chevalier Cassiano del Pozzo, whence passed to Collection of André
le Nôtre, and finally to Louis XIV. Engraved by G. Audran. Poussin
painted this subject a second time in 1648.--Landon, Musée, iii. 37;
Reveil, xi. 791.
JOHN BAPTIST, ST., SLEEPING, Carlo _Dolci_, Palazzo Pitti, Florence;
canvas, oval, H. 1 ft. 4 in. × 1 ft. 10 in. The infant St. John
asleep, with the reed cross beside him; behind him, St. Elizabeth in
prayer, and St. Zacharias reading; above, left, three winged cherubs’
heads. Painted for the Grand Duchess Vittoria della Rovere; carried
to Paris in 1799; returned in 1815. Many copies. Engraved by L.
Martelli; Langlois.--Gal. du Pal. Pitti, ii. Pl. 43; Filhol, iv. Pl.
266; Landon, Musée, xvi. Pl. 64.
JOHN BAPTIST, ST., IN WILDERNESS, _Guido_ Reni, Dulwich Gallery,
England; canvas, H. 7 ft. 3 in. × 5 ft. 2 in. Life-size figure,
nearly nude, sitting on a rock, with gray-coloured drapery about
the hips; right arm raised, left hand holding a cross of reeds. In
distance a group of eight figures; a wood in the background; cloudy
sky. Bought by M. Desenfans from Mr. A. Wilson for 1,000 guineas.
Engraved by R. Morghen (?). One of three pictures by Guido, mentioned
by Malvasia, of the same subject.--Malvasia, Felsina Pittrice, iv.
31, 90; Leslie, Constable’s Life and Letters, i. 107; Dulwich Cat.,
129.
By _Raphael_, Louvre; canvas, H. 4 ft. 5 in. × 4 ft. 7 in. A young
man, nearly nude, crowned with leaves, sitting astride of the trunk
of a tree, holding a scroll in one hand and pointing with the other
to the reed cross. This picture, which had been long buried in the
Magasins du Louvre, and had suffered greatly, was placed in the
gallery under Napoleon III. Engraved by S. Vallée.--Villot, Cat.
Louvre; Cab. Crozat, i. Pl. 14.
[Illustration: St. John Baptist in Wilderness, Raphael, Uffizi,
Florence.]
By _Raphael_, Uffizi, Florence; canvas, H. 5 ft. 9 in. × 5 ft. A
youth, nude, with a panther-skin about his loins, seated fronting
the spectator, pointing to a cross erected near him; background, a
desert landscape. Painted for Cardinal Colonna, who gave it to his
physician Jacopo da Carpi; in Vasari’s time it was in possession
of Francesco Benintendi; passed to Uffizi before 1589. Original
sketch in Uffizi. Copy, formerly in Orleans Collection, sold to Lord
Berwick for £1,500, now at Tintern Abbey, near Chepstow, England.
Others in Bologna, Darmstadt, and Berlin. Engraved by Bervic,
Biondi, Gutenberg, Leperier, and others.--Vasari, Ed. Mil., iv. 370;
Passavant, i. 258; ii. 287; Molini, Gal. di Firenze, i. 1; Kugler
(Eastlake), ii. 461; Cab. Crozat, i. Pl. 19.
By _Titian_, Venice Academy; canvas, H. 6 ft. 6 in. × 4 ft. 4 in.;
signed. St. John Baptist alone at the foot of a rock, where the lamb
is asleep. Painted before 1557 for S. M. Maggiore, Venice. Replica,
with variation, in sacristy of Escorial.--Vasari, ed. Mil., vii. 437;
C. & C., Titian, ii. 251; Gilbert, Cadore, 36.