Transcriber's Note: Italic text is denoted by _underscores_, bold text
by @at signs@, and underlined text by ~tildes~.
OSSIAN
IN
GERMANY
BIBLIOGRAPHY, GENERAL SURVEY, OSSIAN’S INFLUENCE UPON
KLOPSTOCK AND THE BARDS
BY
RUDOLF TOMBO, JR., A.M., PH.D.
SOMETIME FELLOW IN GERMAN, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
AMS PRESS, INC.
NEW YORK
1966
Copyright 1901, Columbia University Press,
New York
Reprinted with the permission of the
Original Publisher, 1966
AMS PRESS, INC.
New York, N.Y. 10003
1966
MEINEN LIEBEN ELTERN
PREFACE.
When the subject of Ossian’s influence in Germany first occurred to me,
it seemed a simple matter to exhaust the topic in the limits set by a
work of this character. A little search, however, revealed that if the
entire field were to be covered, the different authors could not be
discussed with any degree of completeness. Another obstacle stood in the
way of the fulfilment of the original scheme. The amount of material
discovered at the outset in the British Museum led to the preparation of
a card index of German Ossianiana; in Germany each library furnished
additions at such a rapid rate, that the idea of a chronological
bibliography soon suggested itself. The latter developed into such
proportions, that it seemed advisable to publish it as an introduction
to the literary material to follow. Nothing remained, therefore, but to
confine the literary discussion to a certain period, and in order to
retain the chronological sequence, as well as in consideration of the
difficulty of obtaining material on the bardic poets in this country,
the beginning was made with Klopstock and the “bards.” It is the
intention of the writer to discuss in later publications Ossian’s
influence upon Herder, Goethe, and Schiller, as also upon the poets of
the _Storm and Stress_, of the _Göttinger Hain_, and of the Romantic
School, some of the material for which has been collected. A short
bibliography of Ossianic material in other languages has also been
prepared, which will gladly be placed at the disposal of any one
desirous of working up the subject. The author will be pleased to
receive any corrections or additions to the bibliography that may
suggest themselves to the reader.
It is fitting that I should here acknowledge my indebtedness to the men
who made this thesis possible. Prof. Wm. H. Carpenter, Prof. Calvin
Thomas, and Prof. A. V. W. Jackson have been true and untiring guides
and a never–failing source of inspiration, and I shall ever consider it
a most rare privilege to have been enabled to carry on the major part of
my advanced studies under their direction. My gratitude is due also to
the men who contributed to make my stay abroad such a pleasant and
profitable one, to the professors under whom I studied at the University
of Leipzig, as well as to the several librarians who were of service to
me, and whom I always found most courteous and accommodating.
CONTENTS.
Chapter I. Bibliography of German Translations, Imitations, Critical
Reviews, etc. 1
Chapter II. General Survey and First Notices.
§1. General Considerations upon the Reception of the Ossianic Poems
in Germany 66
§2. Earliest Notices and Translations 75
Chapter III. Ossian’s Influence upon Klopstock and the Bards.
§1. Klopstock 82
§2. The Bards.—Gerstenberg 103
§3. Denis 119
§4. Kretschmann 139
§5. Minor Bards 149
Index 154
CHAPTER I.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF GERMAN TRANSLATIONS, IMITATIONS, CRITICAL REVIEWS, ETC.
Introduction.
The following bibliography makes no claim to absolute completeness. The
material required was in some instances so difficult of access, that
exact data could not everywhere be given, but most of the entries are
based upon personal investigation. Most of the short bibliographies that
have hitherto appeared go back directly or indirectly to those of
Denis[1] and Gurlitt,[2] both of which are incomplete and not without
errors; the former contains less than thirty titles that come into
question here.
A few words as to the composition of this bibliography may not be amiss.
The pivot of the whole is that collection of the so–called Poems of
Ossian published by James Macpherson from 1760 to 1763, and as the
titles of the different portions of this collection are frequently
misquoted, I have deemed it advisable to prefix them to the German
bibliography, together with the most important later editions. As to the
German material, we have in the first place to consider the German
translations of the whole or a part of these poems, together with the
English reprints made in Germany, as well as the translations into other
tongues published in Germany.[3] Several other collections, however, are
so closely bound up in their influence in Germany with that of
Macpherson, that I have not hesitated to include them. In the second
place there are the critical essays upon the poems of Ossian, together
with the historical and geographical treatises bearing upon the
authenticity of the poems. Thirdly, we have an immense category of
German imitations, in which department the drawing of strict lines has
been most difficult; here the few epigrams and other poems in praise of
Ossian may also be inserted. In the department of music I have given a
number of compositions that have come directly to my notice. Several
paintings and illustrations of scenes from the poems of Ossian are also
mentioned, but in neither of these fields is any pretension made to
completeness. In both it has been found difficult to observe the exact
chronological order, for which reason the works under these headings
have been arranged at the end alphabetically according to authors.
Finally, we are to regard the critical reviews and notices of all the
above categories in periodicals and newspapers published in Germany. The
reviews and notices are not given in strict chronological order, but are
in almost every case inserted directly below the work to which they
refer. Advance notices when long are frequently given separately. During
the years in which the influence of Ossian was at its height, everything
has been given in the latter department that could be found, whereas in
later years most reviews and short notices are omitted. As a rule the
pages given in the reviews refer to those portions only that deal with
Ossian.
Abbreviations have been but rarely used and never at the sacrifice of
clearness and convenience. In cases where various editions come into
consideration, the general rule has been observed to mention all where
it seemed requisite, as _e. g._, in the case of translations; of less
important works, only the first and the standard editions have been
mentioned. It would, for example, be impossible to include an exhaustive
list of the various editions of _Werthers Leiden_ within the limits of
this bibliography.
Important English Works.
Gentleman’s Magazine, June, 1760, pp. 287–8: Two Fragments of Ancient
Poetry collected in the Highlands of Scotland, and translated from the
Gallic or Erse Language.
Fragments of Ancient Poetry, Collected in the Highlands of Scotland, and
Translated from the Galic or Erse Language. Edinburgh. 1760.
_The same._ The Second Edition. Edinburgh. 1760. One entire poem is
added, which stands No. 13 in this edition.
Fingal, an Ancient Epic Poem, In Six Books: Together with several other
Poems, composed by Ossian the Son of Fingal. Translated from the Galic
Language, By James Macpherson. London: 1762.[4]
Temora, an Ancient Epic Poem, In Eight Books: Together with several
other Poems, composed by Ossian, the Son of Fingal. Translated from the
Galic Language, By James Macpherson. London: 1763.
The Works of Ossian, the Son of Fingal. In Two Volumes. Translated from
the Galic Language By James Macpherson. The Third Edition. London: 1765.
The Poems of Ossian. Translated by James Macpherson, Esq.; In Two
Volumes. A new Edition, carefully corrected, and greatly improved.
London: 1773.
Report of the Committee of the Highland Society of Scotland, appointed
to inquire into the nature and authenticity of the Poems of Ossian.
Drawn up, according to the direction of the committee by Henry
MacKenzie, Esq. its convener and chairman, with a copious appendix,
containing some of the principal Documents on which the report is
founded. Edinburgh, 1805.
The Poems of Ossian, in the original Gaelic, with a literal Translation
into Latin, By the late Robert Macfarlan, A.M. Together with a
Dissertation on the Authenticity of the Poems, by Sir John Sinclair,
Bart. and a Translation from the Italian of the Abbé Cesarotti’s
Dissertation on the Controversy respecting the Authenticity of Ossian,
with Notes and a supplemental Essay, By John M’Arthur, LL.D. Published
under the Sanction of the Highland Society of London. 3 Volumes. London:
1807.
@1762.@ Bremisches Magazin zur Ausbreitung der Wissenschaften Künste und
Tugend Von einigen Liebhabern derselben mehrentheils aus den Englischen
Monatsschriften gesammelt und herausgegeben. Bremen und Leipzig. Vol. 5,
ii, pp. 448–52: Zwei Fragmenten der alten Dichtkunst von den Hochländern
in Schottland, aus der alten Gallischen oder Ersischen Sprache
übersetzet.
A prose translation of Carric–Thura, p. 152, l. 12–p. 153, l. 7, and
of The Songs of Selma, p. 210, l. 28–p. 211, l. 34,[5] the originals
of which had appeared in the Gentleman’s Magazine for June, 1760.
Cf. _infra_, p. 76.
Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften und der freyen Künste. Leipzig.
Vol. 8, ii, p. 349: Notice of Fingal. Cf. _infra_, p. 75.
@1763.@ Hannoverisches Magazin. Erster Jahrgang vom Jahre 1763.
Hannover, 1764. No. 92, pp. 1457–70: Nachricht von den Gedichten des
Ossian, eines alten schottischen Barden; nebst einigen Anmerkungen über
das Alterthum derselben.
_Ibid._, No. 94, pp. 1489–1504, No. 95, pp. 1505–20, No. 96, pp.
1521–34, No. 97, pp. 1534–46: Auszug und Uebersetzung des Fingal, eines
alten epischen Gedichtes. Von R. E. R.
The author of both the article and the translation is Rudolf Erich
Raspe, 1737–94. Cf. _infra_, pp. 76–7.
Bremisches Magazin. Vol. 6, ii, p. 461: Notice of Fingal. Cf. _infra_,
p. 76.
Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften. Vol. 9, ii, pp. 315–6: Review of
Temora. Cf. _infra_, p. 75.
@1764.@ Fragmente der alten Hochschottländischen Dichtkunst, nebst
einigen andern Gedichten Ossians, eines Schottischen Barden; aus dem
Englischen übersetzt. Hamburg.
Weak prose translation by Joh. Andr. Engelbrecht of the original
sixteen fragments together with Macpherson’s Preface; also of
Comala, The War of Caros, Carthon, The Death of Cuthullin,
Carric–Thura, and Berrathon from the first ed. of Fingal (1761).
Instead of the 10th, 11th and 12th fragments, The Songs of Selma are
given from the ed. of Fingal. The notes to Berrathon contain also
the translation of Minvane’s Lament for Ryno, pp. 250–4. Denis,
Bibliography, 1784, Ersch und Gruber, Allgemeine Encyklopädie, _sub_
Ossian (p. 429), and others have 1763, but I have been unable to
trace an edition published in that year. This and the following
translation are sometimes given as one made by Engelbrecht and
Wittenberg, _e. g._, Saunders, The Life and Letters of James
Macpherson, p.236, etc. They were, however, published as two
distinct and separate books. Cf. _infra_, p. 77.
Fingal, ein Helden–Gedicht, in sechs Büchern, von Ossian, einem alten
schottischen Barden. Nebst verschiedenen andern Gedichten von eben
demselben. Hamburg und Leipzig.
Literal prose translation by Albrecht Wittenberg, 1782–1807, of
Fingal together with Macpherson’s Preface to the same; also of
Comala, The War of Caros, The War of Inisthona, The Battle of Lora,
Conlath and Cuthona, and Carthon.—Vorrede des deutschen
Uebersetzers: 8 pp. The translation is not by Engelbrecht and
Wittenberg, as stated in Kürschner’s Dtsche Nat.–Litt., Klopstock,
iv, p. ii, in Hofmann–Wellenhof’s biography of Denis, pp. 165, 194,
Knothe’s biography of Kretschmann, etc. Cf. _infra_, p. 77.
Bremisches Magazin. Vol. 7, i, p. 227: Notice of the Dissertation on the
Poems of Ossian, the Son of Fingal. _Ibid._, p. 229: Notice of Temora.
Cf. _infra_, p.7 6.
@1765.@ Mémoire de M. de C. au Sujet des Poëmes de M. Macpherson. Köln.
Cf. _infra_, pp. 77–8.
An essay throwing doubt upon the authenticity of the poems of
Ossian, reprinted from Le Journal des Sçavans, Paris, May–December,
1764. Amsterdam reprint, June–August, October, 1764, and February,
1765.
Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen. Göttingen. i, pp. 129–31:
Review of Fingal.
The author of the review is Albrecht von Haller, 1708–77; cp.
_ibid._, 1767, and cf. his Tagebuch (1787); for contents cf.
_infra_, p. 78.
@1766.@ Neues Bremisches Magazin. Bremen. Vol. I, i, pp. 1–54: Fragmente
der Alten Dichtkunst in den Hochländern von Schotland, gesammelt und aus
dem Englischen übersetzet.
Prose translation of the first sixteen fragments together with
Macpherson’s Preface.—A separate reprint of this translation was
published in Bremen in the same year. Cf. _infra_, p. 80.
Briefe über Merkwürdigkeiten der Litteratur. Erste Sammlung. Schleswig
und Leipzig. Achter Brief: Memoire eines Irrländers über die
ossianischen Gedichte...
An account of the above Mémoire (1765) by Heinrich Wilhelm
Gerstenberg.—A reprint of the Schleswigische Litteraturbriefe
appeared as No. 29 of the Deutsche Litteraturdenkmale des 18. und
19. Jahrhunderts; the notes with regard to the Mémoire are found on
pp. 56–7 (cf. also p. lxxii). Cf. _infra_, pp. 105–6
REVIEW: Neue Bibl. der schönen Wissenschaften, Vol. 3, ii, pp. 308–9
(1767).
Unterhaltungen. Hamburg. Vol. I, No. 4, pp. 329–40: Aufsatz des Herrn
von C. über die Gedichte des Herrn Macpherson.
_Ibid._, No. 5, pp. 420–36: Fortsetzung des Aufsatzes über Herrn
Macphersons Gedichte.
_Ibid._, No. 6, pp. 504–23: Beschluss des Aufsatzes über Herrn
Macphersons Gedichte.
An account and partial translation of the Mémoire mentioned above
(1765).
Neue Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften und der freyen Künste.
Leipzig. Vol. i, ii, p. 387: Review of Cesarotti’s Italian translation
of the poems of Ossian. Cf. _infra_, p. 79.
_Ibid._, Vol. 2, ii, pp. 245–61: Review of the Works of Ossian, Third
Edition, 1765 (cf. English Bibliography).
_Ibid._, Vol. 3, i, pp. 13–38: Continuation and conclusion of the
Review.
The author of the review of the Works of Ossian is Christian Felix
Weisse, 1726–1804; cp. Gött. gel. Anz., 1768, Von den Barden ...
(1770), Gallische Alterthümer (1781), and cf. _infra_, pp. 79–80.
@1767.@ Unterhaltungen. Hamburg. Vol. 4, No. i, pp. 617–20: Episode aus
dem altschottischen Gedichte Fingal.
Iambic translation by Ludwig Gottlieb Crome, 1742–94, of the song of
the unfortunate Colma, The Songs of Selma, p. 209, l. 3–p. 210, l.
12, being Fragment X of the first edition of the Fragments (1760).
The translation is reprinted in Schmid’s Zusäzze (1769), in
Ursinus’s Balladen und Lieder (1777), and in Crome’s Gedichte
(1795). Cf. _infra_, p. 80.
_Ibid._, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 688–91: Derwins Thränen, aus dem alten
Cornischen.
A lament, Ossianic in spirit, translated into rhythmic prose from
the Royal Magazine, May, 1767, pp. 264–6. Reprinted in Schmid’s
Zusäzze (1769).
_Ibid._, Vol. 4, No. 6, pp. 1001–8: Armyns Klage an Kirmor. Ein altes
schottisches Gedicht.
Free translation in rimed stanzas by L.G. Crome of the Lament of
Armyn, The Songs of Selma, p. 212, l. 8–p. 213, l. 31, being
Fragment XI of the first edition (1760). Reprinted in Schmid’s
Zusäzze (1769), in the Musenalmanach (Göttingen, 1772), in Ursinus’s
Balladen und Lieder (1777), in Crome’s Gedichte (1795), and in
Matthisson’s Lyrische Anthologie (1804). Cf. _infra_, p. 80.
Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen. ii, pp. 1132–4, 1137–40:
Review of the Works of Ossian, Third Edition, 1765 (cf. English
Bibliography).
The author of the review is Albrecht von Haller; cp. _ibid._, 1765,
and cf. his Tagebuch (1787); for contents cf. _infra_, pp. 78–9.
Theorie der Poesie ... von M. Christian Heinrich Schmid. Leipzig, p. 75:
Ossian is designated as the Scotch Homer and the authenticity of the
poems is stated in emphatic terms.—Cp. Zusäzze, 1769. Litteratur der
Poesie, 1776.
@1768.@ Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen. i, pp. 361–71:
Review of John Macpherson’s Critical Dissertations on the Origin,
Antiquities, Language, Government, Manners and Religion of the ancient
Caledonians ...—pp. 367–8: The Bards. Cf. _infra_, p. 85, and cp. Von
den Barden ... (1770), etc.
Die Gedichte Ossians eines alten celtischen Dichters, aus dem Englischen
übersetzt von M. Denis, aus der G. J. (Gesellschaft Jesu.) Vols. 1 and
2. Wien. 4^o.
@1769.@ _The same_, Vol. 3, containing Dr. Hugh Blair’s Critical
Dissertation, pp. i–cxliv.
[Pp. 182–5: Mors Oscaris, Filii Carvthi, a translation of the Death
of Oscar in Macpherson’s Notes to Temora into Latin hexameters; cp.
Carmina quaedam (1794) and for German translations cf. Der Tod
Oskars (1772), Deutsches Museum (1783), and Nachlese zu Sineds
Liedern (1784)].—A translation of Ossian’s poems in hexameters,
which appeared in 1768–9, not in 1767–9, as Gurlitt (April 9, 1802,
p. 6) and others have it. An octavo edition appeared synchronously.
Cp. Ossians und Sineds Lieder (1784; 1791–2). Cf. _infra_, pp.
120–6. To Vol. 1 a translation of Macpherson’s first dissertation
was prefixed, to Vol. 2 the second.[6]
REVIEWS: Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen, 1768, ii, pp.
1281–5 (Vol. 1 only).
Staats– und Gelehrte Zeitung des Hamburgischen unpartheyischen
Correspondenten, 1768, No. 202 (Vol. 1 only). At the close an
anecdote in proof of the genuineness of the works of Ossian is
related.
Neue Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften. Leipzig, Vol. 8, i, pp.
99–112 (1769): Review of Vols. 1 and 2.
Allgemeine Deutsche Bibliothek, Vol. 10, i, pp. 63–9 (1769): Review
of Vol. 1; Vol. 17, ii, pp. 437–47 (1772): Review of Vols. 2 and 3.
Johann Gottfried Herder is the author of these reviews, the first of
which was reprinted in Herder’s Lebensbild (1846), Vol. 1, iii, 2,
pp. 119–28, and in the Sämmtliche Werke, ed. Suphan, Vol. 4, pp.
320–5, and the second in the Sämmtliche Werke, ed. Suphan, Vol. 5,
pp. 322–30, where the first draft without the ending is given on pp.
416–20. The Frankfurter gelehrte Anzeigen for 1772 contains a notice
of Herder’s review of Vols. 2 and 3 on p. 811.
Almanach der deutschen Musen auf das Jahr 1770. Leipzig, pp. 113–4:
Review of Vols. 2 and 3. In the second edition of the Almanach
(Leipzig, Berlin und Frankfurt) the review is found on pp. 123–4.
Erfurtische gelehrte Zeitungen für das Jahr 1769, pp. 27–9: Review
of Vol. 1; pp. 417–9: Vol. 2; pp. 713–7: Vol. 3.
M. Christian Heinrich Schmids Zusäzze zur Theorie der Poesie und
Nachrichten von den besten Dichtern. Dritte Sammlung. Leipzig. pp.
218–30: Ossian.
Pp. 218–20 contain a review of the first volume of Denis’s
translation, pp. 220–2 a reprint of the Episode aus dem
altschottischen Gedichte Fingal, Unterhaltungen, Vol. 4, No. 1,
(1767), pp. 223–5 a reprint of Derwins Thränen, _ibid._, No. 2, and
pp. 225–30 a reprint of Armyns Klagen an Kirmor, _ibid._, No. 6. Cp.
Theorie der Poesie, 1767, Litteratur der Poesie, 1776.
Unterhaltungen. Hamburg. Vol. 8, No. 1, p. 76: Nachricht von einer
lateinischen poetischen Uebersetzung der Ossianischen Werke.
_Ibid._, Vol. 8, No. 6, pp. 541–2: Probe der lateinischen Uebersetzung
des Ossian.
Latin translation of an extract from Temora, Book i, taken from
Robert Macfarlan’s Temoræ Liber Primus versibus latinis expressus
(London, 1769), of which the above is a notice. Cp. Neue Bibliothek,
1770.
Kritische Wälder. Oder Betrachtungen die Wissenschaft und Kunst des
Schönen betreffend, nach Maasgabe neuerer Schriften. Erstes Wäldchen,
pp. 38–41: Sentiments of the people of Ossian.
These notes are found on pp. 27–9 of Vol. 3 of Herder’s Sämmtliche
Werke, ed. Suphan.
Comala. Ein dramatisches Gedicht von Johann Joachim Eschenburg, dem
Geburts–Feste der Durchl. Erbprinzessinn von Braunschweig Königl. Hoheit
unterthänigst gewidmet; vorgestellt von der Ackermannischen Gesellschaft
den 12ten August 1769. Braunschweig.
A free rendering of Comala in three scenes, mainly in iambic
pentameters, with a happy ending substituted for Comala’s tragic
death as narrated by Macpherson. The subject is not taken from an
episode in Fingal, as stated in Ersch und Gruber, Encyklopädie,
_sub_ Eschenburg (p. 53). Cp. Letter of Boie to Raspe, dated
Göttingen, Aug. 29, 1769, in the Weimarisches Jahrbuch für deutsche
Sprache, Litteratur und Kunst. iii. Hannover, 1855, pp. 13–5.
Eschenburg (1743–1820) edited the first four volumes of the
Unterhaltungen, also the Brittisches Museum, _q. v._ under 1777.
REVIEWS: Staats– und Gelehrte Zeitung des Hamburgischen
unpartheyischen Correspondenten, 1769, No. 150.
Almanach der deutschen Musen auf das Jahr 1770, p. 82. Second
Edition, pp. 87–8.
@1770.@ Almanach der deutschen Musen auf das Jahr 1770. Leipzig.[7] pp.
194–204: Comala. Ein dramatisches Gedicht von Eschenburg, d. 12. Aug.
dem Geburtsfeste der Erbprinzessinn von Braunschweig gewidmet.
A reprint of the above, which appeared also in the Zwote,
verbesserte und vermehrte Auflage of the Almanach, Leipzig, Berlin
und Frankfurt, pp. 198–208.
Von den Barden, nebst etlichen Bardenliedern aus dem Englischen.
Leipzig.
A translation by Christian Felix Weisse of John Macpherson’s
Critical Dissertations on the Origin, Antiquities, Language,
Government, Manners, and Religion of the ancient Caledonians
(London, 1768), to which are added prose translations of four
so–called bardic songs, none of which, however, is taken from
Ossian. Cp. Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen (1768), Gall.
Alterthümer, 1781, etc.
Neue Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften. Leipzig. Vol. 9, ii, pp.
344–9: Review of Robert Macfarlan’s Temorae Liber Primus versibus
latinis expressus. Cp. Unterhaltungen, 1769.
@1771.@ Silbernes Buch. MS. in the Berlin Royal Library. p. 103:
Todeslied auf einen Helden. p. 104: Todeslied auf ein Mädchen. p. 105:
An den Mond. p. 106: Trauergesang eines Mädchen.
The first is a translation of Dar–Thula, p. 287, ll. 10–18, the
second of Dar–Thula, p. 288, l. 31–p. 289, l. 3 (cp. Volkslieder,
1779), the third of Dar–Thula, beginning, p. 278–p. 279, l. 13 (cp.
Vom Geist der Ebräischen Poesie, 1782), and the fourth of Temora,
Book iv, p. 339, ll. 20–end. The first extract is translated in
rimed couplets, the others in free meter.—For these and the
translations from Ossian given in the Volkslieder, cf. Waag, Über
Herders Übertragungen Englischer Gedichte, Heidelberg, 1892.—The
first and the last two of these are found on pp. 549–51 of the
Suphan ed., Vol. 25.
Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen, i, pp. 630–1: A resentment
of Voltaire’s derogatory criticism of Ossian in his Questions sur
l’Encyclopédie (1770), in a review of the first volume of that work.
Der Wandsbecker Bothe. No. 187. Freytags, den 22. November: Ich wüsste
nicht warum.
An epigram in praise of the poetry of Ossian as contrasted with that
of the Greeks. The author of the poem is Matthias Claudius,
1740–1815. It was written in answer to an epigram by Klopstock,
entitled Sitt’ und Weise der Neuern (Göttinger Musenalmanach, 1773,
p. 176, and elsewhere). Reprinted in the Almanach der deutschen
Musen, 1773, and in the Sämmtliche Werke des Wandsbecker Bothen
(1775).—Cf. Die poetischen Beiträge zum Wandsbecker Bothen,
gesammelt und ihren Verfassern zugewiesen von Dr. Carl Christian
Redlich. (Programm.) Hamburg, 1871. p. 20.
Klopstocks Oden. Hamburg, 1771. Drittes Buch, p. 244: Two stanzas in the
ode Unsre Sprache relating to Ossian. Cf. _infra_, p. 91.
@1772.@ Musenalmanach. Göttingen. pp. 209–18: Armyns Klagelied an
Kirmor. Ein altschottisches Gedicht. Cf. Unterhaltungen, Vol. 4, No. 6
(1767).
Der Tod Oskars, des Sohns Karuths. Aus dem Lateinischen des Herrn Denis.
Prag.
A German hexameter version of Denis’s Latin translation, for which
cf. Die Gedichte Ossians, Vol. 3, (1769). The author of the German
version, which appeared anonymously, is Fr. Expedit, Edler von
Schönfeld. Meusel’s Lexikon (_sub_ Denis, Vol. 2, p. 327) states the
facts in a very vague manner, so that we are led to believe that
Denis made a German translation from the Latin of Schönfeld, instead
of vice versa.
Die Lieder Sineds des Barden mit Vorbericht und Anmerkungen von M.
Denis, aus der G. J. Wien. pp. 1–4: An Ossians Geist.
A poem addressed to the spirit of Ossian, which appeared also in the
new edition of the poems (1782), and in Ossians und Sineds Lieder
(1784, Vol. 4, pp. 1–4; 1791, Vol. 5, pp. 3–5).
REVIEWS: Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen, 1773, ii, pp.
1181–4.
Frankfurter gelehrte Anzeigen, 1773, pp. 477–81. Cf. Goethe’s Works,
Ausgabe letzter Hand, Vol. 33, pp. 68–73; ed. Weimar, Vol. 37, pp.
242–6. The review is not by Goethe, but by Herder.
@1773.@ Works of Ossian. Vol. 1. Darmstadt.
This, the first English reprint of Ossian’s Poems in Germany, was
published at the suggestion of Johann Heinrich Merck, 1741–91.
Volume 2 appeared in 1775.
NOTICES: Frankfurter gelehrte Anzeigen, 1775, p. 7. Anhang zu dem
13. bis 24. Bande der allg. deutschen Bibl., 2. Abth., p. 950
(1777).
Meine Philosophie, aus dem Französischen des Herrn Dorat. 38 pp.—pp.
39–48: Ossians Klage aus dem[8] Englischen.
Neither author nor place of publication is mentioned, and the lament
has no possible connection with the preceding philosophical
treatise.
Von Deutscher Art und Kunst. Einige fliegende Blätter. Hamburg, pp.
1–70: Auszug aus einem Briefwechsel über Ossian und die Lieder alter
Völker. pp. 113–8: Nachschrift.
The author of the essay is Herder. It is reprinted in No. 40 of the
Deutsche Litteraturdenkmale des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts, pp. 3–50,
76–80. Cf. also Herder’s Sämmtliche Werke, ed. Suphan, Vol. 5, pp.
159–207.
REVIEWS: Frankfurter gelehrte Anzeigen, 1773, pp. 529–31. Anhang zu
dem 13. bis 24. Bande der allg. deutschen Bibl., 2. Abth., pp.
1169–74 (1777).
Neue Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften, Vol. 14, i, p. 188: Notice
of an English verse rendering of Fingal, Rivington, 1772.
Almanach der deutschen Musen auf das Jahr 1773. Leipzig. (Gedichte.) p.
137: Ich wüsste nicht warum.
Reprinted from the Wandsbecker Bothe, 1771, _q. v._
@1774.@ Die Leiden des jungen Werthers. Zweyter Theil. Leipzig. pp.
193–205: A beautiful translation in rhythmic prose by Goethe of The
Songs of Selma as far as p. 213, l. 30 (Tauchnitz). p. 206: Translation
of a short extract from Berrathon, p. 374, l. 5–p. 375, l. 1.—pp.
151–3: (Oct. 12.) Description of the world of Ossian, beginning: “Ossian
hat in meinem Herzen den Homer verdrängt.”
Goethe had made a translation of The Songs of Selma in Strassburg
and given it to Friederike Brion. Cf. Weimar edition, Vol. 37, pp.
66–77, which gives the entire songs to the end (p. 214, Tauchnitz).
Also Stöber, 1842.
An Ossianic imitation based upon Goethe’s translation is contained
in a letter by Theodor Körner to Fritz Henoch, dated Freiberg, 1809.
Cf. Theodor Körner. Zum 23. September 1891. Leipzig: F. A.
Brockhaus, 1891. p. 58; also National–Zeitung, 1891, No. 525 (Sept.
13). For a comparison of Goethe’s translation with that of Lenz, cf.
Zeitschrift für vergleichende Literaturgeschichte, 1896, pp. 108 and
110.—On p. 214, Vol. 8, of the Goethe–Jahrbuch, we are told that
the Lament of Armin was translated from Werthers Leiden into French
verse by A. P. Coupigny in the year 1795; the beginning of the free
translation is quoted, which, however, is not the Lament of Armin,
but Berrathon, p. 374, ll. 5–8. In the Ausgabe letzter Hand the
portions mentioned are found on pp. 166–75, p. 176, pp. 125–6 resp.
of Vol. 16 (1828), in the Weimar edition, Vol. 19, pp. 165–75,
175–6, 124–5. For other editions, reprints, etc., of Werthers Leiden
cf. Goedeke’s Grundriss, 2d ed., Vol. 4, p. 650.
Allgemeine Theorie der Schönen Künste ... von Johann George Sulzer. 2
vols. Leipzig. 1771–4. Vol. 2, pp. 865–73: Critical article on Ossian
with a number of quotations from Denis’s translation.
For other editions cf. 1775, 1779, 1787, 1793.
Die Deutsche Gelehrtenrepublik ... Herausgegeben von Klopstock. Erster
Theil. Frankfurt und Leipzig, p. 178: Epigram in praise of Ossian. Cf.
_infra_, p. 91.
Versuche über die Geschichte des Menschen von Heinrich Home. Aus dem
Englischen übersetzt. Vol. 1. Leipzig, pp. 322–65: Discussion of the
manners of the ancient Celts and Scandinavians, with numerous quotations
from the poems of Ossian.
The translation was made by A. E. Klausing. Cp. 2d ed., 1783,
English reprint, 1796. Vol. 2 appeared in 1775.
@1775.@ The Works of Ossian. Volume 2. Darmstadt. Cf. Vol. 1, 1773.
Die Gedichte Ossian’s eines alten celtischen Helden und Barden. 3 vols.
Düsseldorf.
German prose translation by Edmund von Harold. Cp. 2d ed., 1782,
reprint, 1795. Cf. Rheinische Beiträge, 1778, 1780–1.
REVIEW: Anhang zu dem 25.–36. Bande der allg. deutschen Bibl., 5.
Abth., pp. 3008–11, (1780).
Iris. [Herausgegeben von Johann Georg Jacobi.] Düsseldorf. Vol. 3, pp.
163–92, Vol. 4, pp. 83–105: Ossian fürs Frauenzimmer. Fingal, ein alt
Gedicht von Ossian.
A prose translation of the first two books of Fingal by Jakob
Michael Reinhold Lenz, 1751–92; the remaining books appeared in the
following volumes, _q. v._ under 1776.
Allgemeine Theorie der Schönen Künste ... von Johann George Sulzer. Vol.
2, pp. 377–87: Ossian.
A reprint of the first edition of 1774, _q. v._ (Vol. 1 of the
reprint had appeared in 1773.)
Dr. Samuel Johnson’s Reisen nach den Westlichen Inseln bey Schottland.
Aus dem Englischen. Leipzig, pp. 189–93: Dr. Johnson’s diatribe against
the authenticity of the poems of Ossian.
Translation of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland, London,
1775.
REVIEW: Zugabe zu den Göttingischen gelehrten Anzeigen, 1776, pp.
cccxxi–vi.
Gothaische gelehrte Zeitungen, Gotha. pp. 318–9: Notice of the
controversy between Dr. Johnson and Macpherson, with a translation of a
letter in reference to same published in the St. James Chronicle.
ASMVS omnia sua SECVM portans, oder Sämmtliche Werke des Wandsbecker
Bothen, I. und II. Theil. Bresslau.[9] p. 123: Ich wüsste nicht warum?
Cf. Der Wandsbecker Bothe, 1771.—For other editions and reprints
cf. Goedeke’s Grundriss.
Miscellaneous Pieces in Prose by J. and A. L. Aikin. Altenburgh, pp.
34–42: Selama, an Imitation of Ossian.
A very close imitation in rhythmic prose (English). The names are
borrowed from Ossian and there is nothing to distinguish this from
one of Macpherson’s productions.
NOTICE: Allgemeine deutsche Bibliothek, Vol. 26, i, p. 282 (1775).
@1776.@ Iris. Berlin. Vol. 5, pp. 87–107, Vol. 6, pp. 335–53, Vol. 7,
pp. 563–80, Vol. 8, pp. 812–30.
Lenz’s translation of the last four books of Fingal; for the first
two cf. Iris, Vols. 3 and 4, 1775.—A reprint of the six volumes
appeared in Düsseldorf and Berlin, 1775–6.—For a criticism of the
translation cf. Zeitsch. für vergl. Litteraturgesch., _infra_, 1896.
REVIEW: Anhang zu dem 25. bis 36. Bande der allg. deutschen Bibl.,
6. Abth., p. 3425 (1780).
Litteratur der Poesie von Christian Heinrich Schmid. Erster Theil.
Leipzig. pp. 295–303: Article on Ossian. Cp. Theorie der Poesie, 1767,
Zusäzze, 1769.
Deutsches Museum. Leipzig. pp. 62–6: Fingals Höle. Mit einem
Kupferstich.
A description of Fingal’s Cave, not an Ossianic poem, as Nicolai,
Herrigs Archiv, Vol. 58, p. 155 (1877), would lead us to suspect.
_Ibid._, pp. 763–9: Hellebeck, Eine Seeländische Gegend. An E.F. ... v.
S. ... und seine Emilia. Von Friedrich Leopold Grafen zu Stolberg.
Friedrich Stolberg (1750–1819) was strongly influenced by Ossian and
not a few of his poems show traces of this influence. This
particular poem has been included here, because the dependence upon
Ossian is striking. On pp. 764–6 he relates the story of Fingal’s
courtship of Agandecca and the latter’s death (Fingal, Bk. iii, p.
236, l. 6–p. 238, l. 5), like the remainder of the poem in
hexameters.—Cp. Gedichte, 1779.
@1776–7.@ Litterarische Monate. Ein Journal von einer Gesellschaft zu
Wien. Erster Band. [Oct. 1776 to Jan. 1777.] Wien.
The Journal was written under the guidance of Denis, and contains
numerous bardic songs in the Ossian–Denis style.
@1777.@ Works of Ossian. 4 vols. Francfort and Leipzig.
This edition contains the complete works, with arguments and notes.
To Vol. 1 is prefixed Macpherson’s Dissertation on the Aera of
Ossian. A specimen of the original of Temora, Bk. vii, is given at
the end of Vol. 4, pp. 183–204.—Edited by Merck, cp. Works,
1773.—New edition, 1783.
REVIEW: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 36, ii, p. 603 (1778).
Balladen und Lieder altenglischer und altschottischer Dichtart.
Herausgegeben von August Friedrich Ursinus. Berlin. pp. 136–55: Armyn an
Kirmor. Ein altschottisches Gedicht. Von Crome. pp. 290–9: Colma. Ein
altschottisches Fragment. Von Crome.
Both are reprinted from the Unterhaltungen, 1767, _q. v._ The
English originals are given on the pages opposite.
Deutsches Museum. Leipzig, i, pp. 214–5: Notice of the MSS. of the poems
of Ossian in a letter [by Sturz]: Briefe eines Reisenden vom Jahre 1868.
Erster Brief. London den 18ten Aug.
Helfrich Peter Sturz’s (1736–79) views on the authenticity of the
works of Ossian. Macpherson showed him the alleged originals and he
is convinced of the genuineness of the poems. Cp. Schriften, 1779.
Brittisches Museum für die Deutschen. Leipzig. Vol. I, i, pp. 136–7:
Review of The Fingal of Ossian, ... rendered into Heroic Verse, by Ewen
Cameron, Warrington, 1776.
Der Teutsche Merkur vom Jahr 1777. Weimar, ii, pp. 196–8: Comala, eine
Celtische Geschichte, von B. G. B.
A poem in rimed quatrains, based upon the episode of Comal and
Galvina, Fingal, Bk. ii, pp. 234–5.
_Ibid._, iii, pp. 193–8: Colma, eine Kantate. (Nach dem Ossian.) Von Dt.
A free rendering in rimed verses by Clamor Eberhard Karl Schmidt,
1746–1824, of the song of the unfortunate Colma, The Songs of Selma,
p. 209, l. 3–p. 210, l. 12.
Leipziger Musenalmanach aufs Jahr 1777. Leipzig. pp. 174–81: Fingal und
Daura. (Ein musikalisches Drama.) von Ryno.
A dramatic poem based upon Macpherson’s Comala, the beginning of the
story being identical with Comala, and its language and spirit
Ossianic throughout. The ending is happy, as in Eschenburg’s
dramatization (1769). For some reason the author has changed the
names of two of the dramatis personæ: Comala has become Daura and
Hidallan Ulfadha; both of the new names occur in the poems of
Ossian.
Auszug aus Eduard Blondheims geheimen Tagebuche. Leipzig.
An imitation of Werthers Leiden, containing occasional traces of
Ossianic influence.—pp. 50–3: Ossian bey Hidallahs Grabe. An
Ossianic lament in rhythmic prose.
REVIEW: Der Teutsche Merkur, 1778, i, p. 82.
@1778.@ Wodan. Erster Band. Hamburg. No. 1, pp. 23–4: An die Sonne. Nach
dem Ossian, im Schlusse seines Gedichts: Carthon, genannt. Von Opin.
A rimed translation in eight–line stanzas of the Apostrophe to the
Sun, Carthon, p. 163, l. 32–p. 164, end.
_Ibid._, No. 4, pp. 197–200: Probe einer neuen Uebersetzung der Temora
des Ossian. von F. L. Epheu.
F. L. Epheu is the pseudonym of Garlieb Hanker, 1758–1807. The
translation is in iambic measure, and the specimen is concluded in
the 2d vol. of Wodan (1779), _q. v._
REVIEW: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 37, i, pp. 283–4 (1779).
Rheinische Beiträge zur Gelehrsamkeit. Ersten Jahrgangs zweiter Band.
Mannheim, pp. 202–13: Evirallin. Ein Gedicht.
An imitation of Ossian in rhythmic prose, giving a different account
of Fingal’s courtship of Evirallin from that related in Fingal, Bk.
iv, pp. 245–6.
_Ibid._, pp. 289–302: Sulmora. Ein Gedicht.
Also an imitation of Ossian in rhythmic prose.
_Ibid._, pp. 359–69: Malvina. Ein dramatisches Gedicht.
A poem in dramatic form, based upon Malvina’s lament over the death
of her lover Oscar. Cp. Croma, pp. 177–8.
All three imitations are by Edmund von Harold, who published a
translation in 1775 and a collection of his own in 1787, _q. v._ Cp.
Rheinische Beiträge for 1780 and 1781.
@1779.@ Deutsches Museum. Leipzig, i, pp. 534–49: Karrikthura. Probe
einer neuen Uebersezung Ossians, von Gottfried August Bürger.
Rhythmic prose translation of Carric–Thura. Cp. his Vermischte
Schriften, 1802.—For Bürger’s estimate of the translations of
Denis, Harold, Lenz, and Wittenberg, cf. letter to Goeckingk, Jan.
25, 1779: Vierteljahrsch. für Litteraturgesch. Vol. 3, p. 422
(1890).
Volkslieder. Nebst untermischten andern Stücken. Zweiter Theil. Leipzig.
[Herder’s collection.] p. 130: Darthula’s Grabesgesang. Aus Ossian.[10]
Translation of Dar–Thula, p. 288, l. 31–p. 289, l. 3. Cp. Silbernes
Buch, 1771. The poem was set to music by Johannes Brahms, _q. v._,
_sub_ Music, _infra_, p. 63.
_Ibid._, pp. 131–7: Fillans Erscheinung und Fingals Schildklang. Aus
Ossian.
Translation of Temora, Bk. vii, p. 354–p. 356, l. 27.
_Ibid._, pp. 138–9: Erinnerung des Gesanges der Vorzeit. Aus Ossian.
Translation of Temora, Bk. vii, p. 360, l. 28–p. 361, l. 5. This and
the preceding fragment are ‘attempts at a translation from the
specimens of the original of Temora published by Macpherson.’ The
three fragments are translated in free measures.
All three translations are by Herder, although they were for a long
time ascribed to Goethe and inserted in various collections of
Goethe’s works, _e. g._ in the Hempel edition of the Poems, Vol. 3,
pp. 3, 373–8; Goedeke’s Complete Edition in Ten Volumes, Vol. 1, pp.
910–3; etc., etc. In the Deutsche National–Litteratur edition of
Goethe, iii, 2, Düntzer inserts the last two (pp. 187–92), but does
not allot the first (Dar–Thula) to Goethe.—Cp. Herder’s Werke,
1807. In the Suphan ed. these poems are found in Vol. 25, pp.
423–30.
Wodan. Zweiter und letzter Band. Hamburg. No. 5, pp. 256–61: Conclusion
of the Probe einer neuen Uebersetzung der Temora begun in Vol. 1, 1778,
_q. v._
_Ibid._, No. 8, pp. 469–75: Konnal und Krimora. von Epheu. Nach dem
Ossian. An**.
A free translation—rhythmic prose with metrical passages
interspersed—of Carric–Thura, p. 151, l. 12–p. 153, l. 7. With an
introductory dedication to a lady. Cp. Wodan, 1778.
Taschenbuch für Dichter und Dichterfreunde. Zehnte Abtheilung. Leipzig.
pp. 80–2: Der Schild. Nach einem Fragmente Ossians. Von Kretschmann.
A poem by Karl Friedrich Kretschmann (1738–1809) based upon an
episode in Carric–Thura, p. 151. Cp. his Works, 1784, and cf.
_infra_, p. 139. Another poem by Kretschmann appeared in the
Taschenbuch for 1780.
Die Schreibtafel. Siebente Lieferung. Mannheim, pp. 92–7: Ueber Ossian.
An Herrn von Dalberg. von Mathias Herrmann Dühn.
A poetic eulogy of Ossian. The author was a carpenter’s apprentice
from Hamburg employed in Mannheim.
NOTICE: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 44, ii, p. 470 (1781).
Ueber Sprache und Dichtkunst. Fragmente fon Klopstock. Hamburg. pp.
117–9: Klopstock’s views as to the metrical system of Ossian laid down
in his essay Fom deutschen Hexameter.
These remarks are found on pp. 165–6, Vol. 15, of Klopstocks
Sämmtliche Werke ... herausgegeben von Back und Spindler. Leipzig,
1823–30.
Allgemeine Theorie der Schönen Künste ... von Johann George Sulzer.
Zweyte verbesserte Auflage. 4 vols. Leipzig, 1778–9. Vol. 3, pp. 377–87:
Article on Ossian. Cf. 1st ed., 1774.
Schriften von Helfrich Peter Sturz. Erste Sammlung. Leipzig, p. 6:
Remarks on the authenticity of Ossian’s poems.
Cf. Deutsches Museum, 1777. In the München edition of 1785 the
passage is given on pp. 7–8.—Cf. Helferich Peter Sturz nebst einer
Abhandlung über die Schleswigischen Literaturbriefe ... von Dr. Max
Koch. München 1879, p. 120, note 4, where mention is made of No. 13
of the Reichs–Postreuter for 1780, which I was unable to procure.
REVIEW: Beytrag zum Reichs–Postreuter, 1780, 10tes Stück.
Die Werke der Caledonischen Barden aus dem Gallischen ins Engländische
und aus diesem ins Deutsche übersetzt. Erster Band. Leipzig.
Prose translation of John Clark’s Works of the Caledonian Bards
translated from the Galic, Edinburgh and London, 1778. pp. iii–xx:
Vorrede. 1–12: Einleitung des englischen Uebersetzers ein Gedicht.
Then the poems: Morduth, ein altes heroisches Gedichte in drey
Büchern. Der Heerführer von Scarlaw. Der Heerführer von Feyglen. Die
Höhle von Creyla. Colmala und Orwi. Des alten Barden Wunsch.
Duchoil’s Elegie. Sulvinas Elegie. Oran–Molla. Die Worte des Wehes.
Die Annäherung des Sommers. Der alte Fürst.
REVIEWS: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 39, i, pp. 161–2 (1779).
Of the English original: Neue Bibl. der schönen Wissenschaften, Vol.
22, ii, pp. 334–5 (1779).
Göttingische Anz. von gel. Sachen, 1779, i, pp. 51–6.
Rheinische Beiträge zur Gelehrsamkeit. Mannheim, ii, pp. 222–30:
Teutharts Trauern um Minna. Elegie.
A servile imitation of an Ossianic lament, which appeared
anonymously.
Gedichte der Brüder Christian und Friedrich Leopold Grafen zu Stolberg.
herausgegeben von Heinrich Christian Boie. Leipzig, pp. 161–74:
Hellebek, eine seeländische Gegend.
Cf. Deutsches Museum, 1776. The episode of Fingal and Agandecca is
contained on pp. 164–7.—In the Gesammelte Werke der Brüder
Christian und Friedrich Leopold Grafen zu Stolberg (20 vols.,
Hamburg 1820–5), Hellebek appears in Vol. 1, pp. 135–45. For other
editions cf. Goedeke’s Grundriss. Cp. Werke, Vol. 2 (1821).
@1780.@ Taschenbuch für Dichter und Dichterfreunde. Eilfte Abtheilung.
Leipzig, pp. 7–13: Fingal und Hloda. Nach Ossian. Von Kretschmann.
A poetical rendering of the episode of Fingal’s battle with the
Spirit of Loda, Carric–Thura, p. 146, l. 22.–p. 148, l. 11. Cp.
Kretschmann’s Works, 1784.
REVIEW of this and of Kretschmann’s Der Schild in the Taschenbuch
for 1779: Neue Bibl. der schönen Wissenschaften, Vol. 31, i, pp.
70–1 (1785).
Wienerischer Musenalmanach. Wien. pp. 1–?: Darthula, ein Trauerspiel
nach Ossian. Von Friedrich Saam.
A dramatization of Macpherson’s Dar–Thula.
Rheinische Beiträge zur Gelehrsamkeit. Mannheim. i, pp. 199–213: Sitrik,
ein Gedicht aus dem englischen übersetzt. Von Herrn Obristwachtmeister
von Harold.
Rhythmic prose, in imitation of Ossian. Cf. Rheinische Beiträge for
1778.
Leipziger Musenalmanach auf das Jahr 1780. Leipzig. pp. 106–7: Die
Rache. Von Stz.
An appeal for revenge in free imitation of Ossian.
Teudelinde; dem Grafen Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg gewidmet. Hamburg.
A tale with lyric passages in the manner of Ossian, closing with a
panegyric on the bard. The author is Gerhard Anton von Halem
(1752–1819). Cp. Poesie und Prose (1789).
REVIEW: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 44, i, pp. 103–4 (1780).
Buchhändler Zeitung, No. 4: doubts the genuineness of the poems of
Ossian.
A copy of this paper was not to be had; the article in question is
mentioned in the Beytrag zum Reichs–Postreuter, 1780, 10tes Stück.
@1781.@ Zustand der Wissenschaften und Künste in Schwaben. Erstes Stück.
Augspurg. [Herausgegeben von Balthasar Haug.] pp. 34–56: Ossians
Karrik–Thura. Aus dem Englischen, von H.
A translation of Carric–Thura in rhythmic prose, with lyrical
passages in verse, by Friedrich Wilhelm von Hoven (?). Cf. Arch. für
Litteraturgesch., 1879, p. 537.—Cp. Anthologie, 1782.
Gallische Alterthümer oder eine Sammlung alter Gedichte aus dem
Gallischen des Ullin, Ossian, Orran, u. s. w. von John Smith ins
Engländische und aus diesem ins Deutsche übersetzt, benebst einer
Geschichte der Druiden hauptsächlich der Caledonischen und einer
Abhandlung über die Aechtheit der Ossianischen Gedichte. 2 vols.
Leipzig.
Translation of John Smith’s Galic Antiquities, Edinburgh and London,
1780, by Christian Felix Weisse. Cp. Neue Bibl. der schönen
Wissenschaften, 1766; Von den Barden, 1770.
REVIEW of English translation: Neue Bibl. der schönen
Wissenschaften, Vol. 25, i, pp. 172–3 (1780).—For reviews of the
Gaelic originals cf. 1787–8.—A review of an Italian translation of
the History of the Druids and of several of the poems appeared in
the Gött. Anz. von gel. Sachen, 1788, i, p. 412.
D. Christian Heinrich Schmids Professors zu Giessen Anweisung der
vornehmsten Bücher in allen Theilen der Dichtkunst. Leipzig. pp. 120–3,
376: List of the works of Ossian and of a few treatises and
translations.
Rheinische Beiträge zur Gelehrsamkeit. Mannheim, i, pp. 117–29: Die
Lieder von Tara. Vom Hrn. Obristwachtmeister von Harold.
Another of Harold’s rhythmic prose imitations. Cf. Rheinische
Beiträge for 1778.
@1782.@ Die Gedichte Ossians des Celtischen Helden und Barden. Aus dem
Englischen und zum Theile der Celtischen Ursprache übersetzt von
Freyherrn von Harold. Zweyte verbesserte mit vielen bisher unentdeckten
Gedichten vermehrte Auflage. 3 vols. Mannheim.
Vorbericht of 6 pp. by the publishers.—Fragment einer nordischen
Geschichte in prose, 4 pp.; the same translated by Denis in
hexameters, 4 pp.—Ueber Ossians Genie und Geist. Aus Hugo Blairs
Abhandlung, 4 pp.—Then follow the poems in prose translation with
arguments and notes. Vol. 2, pp. 285–7 (293): Der Tod Oscars (from
Macpherson’s Notes to Temora). Vol. 3, pp. 275–314: Anhang einiger
neu aufgefundener Gedichte. (Bosmina, Ossians letztes Lied, Ossians
Lied nach der Niederlage der Römer.)—Kayser, Bücher–Lexicon, gives
1822 as the date of this edition. Cf. 1st ed., 1775, and Rheinische
Beiträge, 1778, 1780, 1781.
Die Gedichte Ossians neuverteutschet. Tübingen.
Prose translation by Johann Wilhelm Petersen, with some notes from
Macpherson and others added by the translator. Vorbericht, pp.
iii–xiv.—pp. 441–508: Anhang. pp. 443–8: Kolna–Dona, placed here in
the appendix because Petersen considers it far too unimportant to be
given a place among the others. pp. 449–54: Der Tod Oskars, assigned
to the appendix because he considers it unauthentic. pp. 455–68:
Bosmina. pp. 469–78: Ossians letztes Lied. The last two from von
Harold (cf. _supra_). pp. 479–501: Macpherson’s first dissertation
translated. pp. 502–8: Anhang des teutschen Uebersetzers zu
vorstehender Abhandlung: account of the strife over the
authenticity.—The translation of The Songs of Selma is Goethe’s, as
is the passage from Berrathon given in Werthers Leiden.—Second
edition: 1808.
REVIEWS: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 56, i, pp. 118–20 (1783).
Frankfurter gelehrte Anzeigen, 1782, pp. 241–5, which for the sake
of comparison quote the beginning of Fingal (to p. 216, l. 21) in
Petersen’s, in Denis’s, and in Lenz’s translations.
Anthologie auf das Jahr 1782. Gedrukt in der Buchdrukerei zu Tobolsko.
[Herausgegeben von Schiller.] pp. 112–4: Ossians Sonnengesang aus dem
Gedichte Karthon. (In Musik zu haben beim Herausgeber.) von H ...
Translation in rimed verses of the Apostrophe to the Sun, Carthon,
p. 163, l. 32–p. 164, end. The translator is Friedrich Wilhelm von
Hoven; cp. Zustand der Wissenschaften etc., 1781, and cf. Arch. für
Litteraturgesch., 1879, p. 537. The poem was set to music by Johann
Rudolf Zumsteeg (1760–1802); cf. _infra_, p. 64.—A new edition of
the Anthologie appeared in 1798, _q. v._ Cf. also Schiller’s
sämmtliche Schriften, ed. Goedeke (Stuttgart), Erster Theil,
Jugendversuche, pp. 265–6; Schiller’s letter to von Hoven,
establishing the latter’s authorship of the translation is given on
p. 196.
Vom Geist der Ebräischen Poesie. Eine Anleitung für die Liebhaber
derselben, und der ältesten Geschichte des menschlichen Geistes, von J.
G. Herder. 2 vols. Dessau. 1782–3. p. 115: Ossians Anrede an die
untergehende Sonne. pp. 115–6: An die Morgensonne. pp. 117–8: An den
Mond. pp. 118–9: An den Abendstern.
Metrical translations of four of Macpherson’s apostrophes to
illustrate Ossian’s personifications and nature poetry. The first is
a translation of the beginning of Carric–Thura, p. 143, first
paragraph; the second of Carthon, p. 163, l. 32–p. 164, end; the
third of Dar–Thula, p. 278–p. 279, l. 13 (cf. Silbernes Buch, 1771),
and the last of the beginning of The Songs of Selma, p. 208, first
nine lines. Cp. ed. Leipzig, 1787, and Album des lit. Ver. in
Nürnberg für 1854, and cf. the editions of Herder’s works. In
Suphan’s edition the translations are found in Vol. ii, pp. 297–300.
Der Teutsche Merkur. Weimar. ii, pp. 12–17: Metrical translation of the
Presages of Ossian’s Death, Berrathon, p. 380, l. 17–p. 382, end. pp.
17–22: Elegy on the Death of Malvina, Berrathon, beginning, p. 374–p.
376, l. 14. p. 24: Translation of the War of Inis–Thona, p. 205, ll.
7–11.
These translations are by Herder, being inserted in his essay Hades
und Elysium, oder Meinungen und Dichtungen verschiedner Völker vom
Zustande der Menschen nach diesem Leben, in order to serve as an
illustration of the ideas of the Celts on the subject, pp.
11–24.—Cp. Zerstreute Blätter, 1797. In Suphan’s edition of
Herder’s Works the Celtic conception of the Land der Seelen is given
on pp. 323–33 of Vol. 16 (1887.)
Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften und der freyen Künste. Leipzig.
Vol. 27, i, pp. 146–7: Review of Shaw’s Enquiry into the Authenticity of
the Poems ascribed to Ossian, London, 1781, and of John Clark’s Answer
to Mr. Shaw’s Inquiry into the Authenticity of the Poems ascribed to
Ossian, Edinburgh, 1781.
Fingal in Lochlin. Ein Schauspiel in fünf Aufzügen. Nach Ossian. Dessau.
A dramatization in prose with several lyric passages in verse based
upon the story in Fingal, Book iii, p. 236, 16–p. 238, l. 5, and
upon Cath–Loda, while an episode in Act iii, 3, is based upon
Carric–Thura (Fingal’s battle with the Spirit of Loda). The drama
was reprinted in Vol. 272 of the Deutsche Schaubühne, Wien. Another
edition appeared in 1787, _q. v._ Gurlitt (1802, April 9, p. 8),
Nicolai (1877) and others give the date of the first appearance as
1783, which is incorrect. The author of this and the drama
Inamorulla (1783) is Karl Heinrich Wachsmuth, born 1760.
REVIEW: Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen, 1782, ii, pp.
1245–6.
Wienerischer Musenalmanach auf das Jahr 1782. Wien, pp. 141–51: Das
Grabmahl in Caracthuna. 1781. von Joseph Blodig v. Sternfeld.
A free invention in the Ossianic style.
Die Lieder Sineds des Barden ... von M. Denis ... Wien. Cf. 1772.
@1783.@ Works of Ossian. 4 vols. Francfort and Leipzig.
Edited by Merck; cf. 1st ed., 1777. This edition contains Clark’s
Answer to Shaw’s Inquiry (for a review of which cf. Bibl. der
schönen Wissenschaften, 1782), as well as Macpherson’s Dissertation
concerning the Aera of Ossian in Vol. 1. At the end of the fourth
volume an Alphabetical Index of Names and Things is given, the
specimen of Temora’s original added to the English edition being
omitted.
PRELIMINARY NOTICE: Gothaische gelehrte Zeitungen, 1783, p. 278.
Deutsches Museum. Leipzig. i, pp. 176–81: Der Tod Oscars, des Sohns
Caruth. Aus dem Lateinischen.
Metrical translation from Denis’s Latin version of The Death of
Oscar, by K. F. Trost. Cp. Der Tod Oskars, 1772.—pp. 176–8: An
Denis.
_Ibid._, i, pp. 185–7: Ueber die Aechtheit Ossians.
A letter from a correspondent with reference to an article entitled
The Ossian Controversy stated, London Magazine, Nov. 1782.
_Ibid._, ii, pp. 191–2: Anecdotes told by a correspondent in
substantiation of the authenticity of the poems of Ossian.
Bodmers Apollinarien. Herausgegeben von Gotthold Friedrich Stäudlin.
Tübingen. pp. 357–66: Zweifel gegen die Aechtheit der Kaledonischen
Gedichte erhoben.
An expression of the doubts as to the authenticity of Macpherson’s
poems entertained by Johann Jakob Bodmer.
Vermischte Aufsätze zum Nachdenken und zur Unterhaltung. Erster Theil.
Dessau und Leipzig, pp. ?–?: Homer und Ossian.
I was unable to procure a copy of the Aufsätze, which are reviewed
in the Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 56, i, pp. 121–2 (1783), where the
essay in question is referred to as a Raisonnement über Homer und
Ossian and severely criticized.
Versuche über die Geschichte des Menschen von Heinrich Home. Vol. 1, 2d
Edition. Cf. 1st ed., 1774, and English ed., 1796.
Inamorulla, oder Ossians Grosmuth. Ein Schauspiel in fünf Aufzügen. Nach
Ossian. Dessau.
A prose drama with occasional lyric passages, based upon
Macpherson’s Croma and Oina–Morul. Reprinted in Vol. 272 of the
Deutsche Schaubühne, Wien, and in Vol. 46 of the Theatralische
Sammlung, Wien, 1793, _q. v._ The author is K. H. Wachsmuth; cp.
Fingal in Lochlin, 1782. Goedeke, Grundriss., 2d ed, Vol. 5, p. 393,
has Inamoralia. Another edition was issued at Leipzig in the year
1787.
Deutsches Museum. Leipzig. i, pp. 116–8: Die Klage Lesbana’s. Nach dem
Celtischen von v. H.—i, pp. 279–81: Klage. Nach dem Celtischen. von v.
H.
Two metrical imitations of an Ossianic lament by G. A. von Halem.
Cp. Poesie und Prose, 1789. Reprinted in Vol. 5 (1807) of his
Schriften (Münster), pp. 20–4, 11–14.
@1784@. Ossians und Sineds Lieder. 5 vols. Wien.
Denis’s translation of Ossian (revised with reference to the last
English edition, 1773) and a collection of his own poems, most of
which are contained in Die Lieder Sineds des Barden, 1772. New
edition, 1791–2, _q. v._ Lowndes, Bibliographer’s Manual, London
(Bohn), Part vi, _sub_ Ossian, p. 1738, mentions one edition only
and dates it 1799. Cf. _infra_, p. 135. Vol. 1 contains a
translation of Macpherson’s first, Vol. 2 of his second
dissertation, Vol. 3 of Dr. Blair’s. Macpherson’s, Cesarotti’s and
original notes are found at the foot of the page. Vol. 4 opens with
the Vorbericht von der alten vaterländischen Dichtkunst. Vol. 5 with
a Gespräch von dem Werthe der Reime, with an appendix on the use of
the hexameter. In the 1791–2 ed. this appendix is inserted in Vol. 4
under the title Von dem Gebrauche des Hexameters. In the latter ed.
the translation is contained in the first 4 vols. and the poems of
Denis in Vols. 5 and 6.
REVIEW: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 60, ii, pp. 410–6.
Nachlese zu Sineds Liedern. Aufgesammelt und herausgegeben von Joseph
von Retzer. Band 6. Wien. pp. 200–9: Mors Oscaris, Filii Caruthi.
(Denis.) Der Tod Oscars. Des Sohnes Karuths. von Anton Freyh. v.
Rebbach.
Denis’s Latin hexameter version of The Death of Oscar, with a German
translation in hexameters on the opposite pages. Cp. Der Tod Oskars
(1772) and Deutsches Museum (1783).
REVIEW: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 69, i, pp. 96–7 (1786).
Ungedruckte Reste alten Gesangs nebst Stücken neurer Dichtkunst. von A.
Elwert. Giesen und Marburg. pp. 23–4: Klage der Barden bei Darthulas
Grab. Aus dem Ossian. von S——a. pp. 25–8: Schilriks Gesang. Aus dem
Ossian. von S——a. pp. 65–9: Allins Trauergesang über den Tod der
Liebenden. Aus dem Ossian. von S. pp. 70–1: Trauergesang über Malvinas
Tod. Aus dem Ossian. von S.
All four are poetic translations, the first of Dar–Thula, p. 288, l.
31–p. 289, l. 3; the second of Carric–Thura, p. 145, l. 27–p. 146,
l. 20; the third of Carric–Thura, p. 152, l. 12–p. 153, l. 7; the
fourth of Berrathon, p. 374, beginning–p. 375, l. 1. The editor is
Anselm Elwert, 1761–1825.
REVIEW: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 59, ii, pp. 413–5 (1784).
Tales of Ossian for Use and Entertainment. Ein Lesebuch für Anfänger im
Englischen. Mit beigefügten historischen und lokalen Erläuterungen &c.
Nürnberg.
The editor of the Tales is J. Balbach. They are taken exclusively
from the epics of Fingal and Temora: Morna, and Cairbar and Grudar
from Fingal, Book i; Cuchullin to Connal, and Comal and Galvina from
Bk. ii; The Song of Tura, and Fingal to Oscar from Bk. iii; Ossian
and Evirallin from Bk. iv; Fingal and Orla, and Ryno’s Death from
Bk. v; Trenmor and Inibaca from Bk. vi; Oscar’s Death, and The Tale
of Fallen Cormac from Temora Bk. i; Fingal and Roscrana from Bk. iv;
Sulmalla and Cathmor from Bk. vii, and Cathmor’s Death, and Sulmalla
from Bk. viii. Copious notes are provided. A second edition appeared
in 1794, a third in 1822, _q. v._
REVIEW: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 61, ii, pp. 608–9 (1785).
Karl Friedrich Kretschmans sämtliche Werke. 6 vols. Leipzig. 1784–99.
Vol. 1, pp. 235–48: Zwey Fragmente nach Ossian. I. Fingal und Hloda. II.
Der Schild. Cf. Taschenbuch, 1779–80.
REVIEW of the first two volumes: Neue Bibl. der schönen
Wissenschaften, Vol. 31, i, pp. 57–87 (1785); pp. 70–1: Review of
the fragments.
Von dem Einflusse der Wissenschaften auf die Dichtkunst. Aus dem
Französischen des Herrn Merian, ..., übersetzt von Jakob Bernoulli.
[1759–89.] 2 vols. Leipzig. 1784–7. Vol. 1, pp. 25–36: Poesie der
Celten, pp. 31–6: Poems of Ossian. Note, pp. 36–9: Authenticity of the
poems.
A translation of Johann Bernhard Merian’s (1723–1807) Comment les
sciences influent–elles sur la poësie?
@1785.@ Doctor Blairs ... Critische Abhandlung über die Gedichte
Ossians, des Sohnes Fingals. Aus dem Englischen übersetzt von Otto
August Heinrich Oelrichs. Hannover und Ossnabrück.
This translation appeared in 1785 not in 1786, as stated by Gurlitt
(April 9, 1802, p. 15), in Fingal, Göttingen, 1788, etc. A notice of
Dr. Hugh Blair’s death appeared in the Intelligenzblatt der Allg.
Lit.–Zeitung, 1801, No. 92.
REVIEWS: Allg. Literatur Zeitung, 1785, iii, pp. 44–5.
Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 65, i, pp. 124–6 (1786).
K. G. Küttners Briefe über Irland an seinen Freund, den Herausgeber [M.
Schenk]. Leipzig, pp. 248–58, 309–10, 441–2: Macphersons fruchtlosse
Bemühungen Schottlands Alterthum zu retten.—Unächtheit der Ossianischen
Gesänge.
REVIEW: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 65, ii, pp. 495–6.
Magazin für Wissenschaften und Litteratur. I. Bandes II. Theil.
Herausgegeben von Otto von Gemmingen. Wien. pp. 135–41: Das Orakel der
Deutschen, oder gesammelte Urtheile deutscher Kunstrichter über die
Denisische Uebersetzung Ossians.
A collection of opinions expressed by different critics in regard to
Denis’s translation, written on occasion of the publication of
Ossians und Sineds Lieder (1784). Reprinted in the Nachlass (1801).
Minona, oder die Angelsachsen. Ein tragisches Melodrama in vier Akten.
Von Heinrich Wilhelm von Gerstenberg. Hamburg.
A prose drama in the Ossianic spirit with poetic passages
interspersed. Cp. Schriften, 1794, 1815, and cf. _infra_, pp. 112–9.
REVIEWS: Gothaische gelehrte Zeitungen, 1786, No. 85, pp. 709–11.
Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 77, i, pp. 116–8 (1787).
Neue Bibl. der schönen Wissenschaften, Vol. 34, i, pp. 121–42
(1787), ii, pp. 279–99, Vol. 35, ii, pp. 217–35 (1788).
Der Teutsche Merkur, 1788, iv, pp. 201–24.
Allg. Lit.–Zeitung, 1789, i, pp. 716–20, etc.
Beiträge zum Theater, zur Musik und der unterhaltenden Lektüre
überhaupt. Erster Band. Stendal. pp. 224–8: Chelims Klage. von C.
Meissner.
A story in the Ossianic manner; rhythmic prose with a metrical
complaint.
Musenalmanach. (Poetische Blumenlese. Auf das Jahr 1785.) Göttingen. pp.
70–2: Gaul an den Geist seines Vaters, als er hinging das Schwert
desselben aus seinem Grabe zu holen. von J. A e. Klöntrup.
A free imitation of Ossian in quatrains.
Lehrreiche Nebenstunden. Eine Wochenschrift für die Jugend beyderley
Geschlechts. Vol. 1, Berlin, pp. ?–?: Fingals Höhle.
I was unable to find this volume, a notice of which appeared in the
Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 69, ii, pp. 613–4 (1786).
@1787.@ Poems of Ossian lately discover’d by Edmond Baron de Harold.
Dusseldorf.
An English version of seventeen little Caledonian poems purporting
to have been discovered by the translator, all but two of which are
ascribed to Ossian.
Neuentdeckte Gedichte Ossians, übersetzt von Edmund Freiherrn von
Harold. Düsseldorf.
Same as above. Second edition 1798.
REVIEWS: Gött. Anz. von gel. Sachen, 1787, ii, p. 1248.
Supplemente zur Allg. Lit.–Zeitung, 1787, v, pp. 22–3.
Anhang zu dem 53. bis 86. Bande der Allg. deutschen Bibl., 3. Abth.,
pp. 1847–8 (1791).
Vom Geist der Ebräischen Poesie ... von J. G. Herder. 2 vols. Leipzig.
Vol. 1, p. 115: Ossians Anrede an die untergehende Sonne, pp. 115–6: An
die Morgensonne, pp. 117–8: An den Mond. pp. 118–9: An den Abendstern.
Cf. 1st ed., 1782. In the 3d ed., edited by Justi, Leipzig, 1825,
the fragments are found in Vol. 1, pp. 103–6.
Albrechts von Haller Tagebuch seiner Beobachtungen über Schriftsteller
und über sich selbst. 2 vols. Bern. Vol. 1, pp. 265–8, 288–96, (368);
(Vol. 2, pp. 44–6): Laudatory criticism of the Works of Ossian.
The first passage consists of Haller’s review of Fingal, Gött. Anz.
von gel. Sachen, 1765, the second of his review of The Works of
Ossian, _ibid._, 1767; the remarks in Vol. 2 refer to the article on
Ossian in Sulzer’s Theorie.
Allgemeine Theorie der Schönen Künste ... von Johann George Sulzer. Neue
vermehrte Auflage. 4 vols. Leipzig. 1786–7. Vol. 3, pp. 516–27: Article
on Ossian. 1st ed. 1774, _q. v._
Fingal in Lochlin. Dessau. Cf. 1782.
Inamorulla. Leipzig. Cf. 1783.
Both these dramas by Wachsmuth were reprinted in this year.
Allgemeine Literatur Zeitung. Jena und Leipzig. iv, pp. 431–2: Notice of
the originals of John Smith’s Galic Antiquities (Sean Dana etc.). Cf.
Gallische Alterthümer, 1781.
@1788.@ Fingal an epic poem in six books, taken from Ossian’s Works.
Gottingue.
A somewhat inaccurate, cheap reprint. The date of publication is not
1798, as occasionally given.
Deutsches Museum. Leipzig. ii, pp. 512–27: Komala, ein Singspiel nach
Ossian. Von Friedr. Boutterweck.
A _Singspiel_ in three scenes, a free rendering of Comala with the
original ending unchanged. The recitatives are in blank iambic
verse. The author is Friedrich Bouterwek, 1766–1828; cf. his
Geschichte der Poesie und Beredsamkeit, 1810.
Der Zustand des Staats, der Religion, der Gelehrsamkeit und der Kunst in
Grosbritannien gegen das Ende des achtzehnten Jahrhunderts von D. Gebh.
Friedr. Aug. Wendeborn. 4 vols. Berlin. 1785–8. Vol. 4, pp. 141–2: A
diatribe against the genuineness of the poems of Ossian.
Henrici Alberti Schultens Oratio de Ingenio Arabum. Lugduni Batavorum.
pp. 11–2: declares the poems of Ossian to be authentic.
Neue Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften, Vol. 35, ii, p. 332: Notice
of the originals of Smith’s Galic Antiquities. Cf. Gallische
Alterthümer, 1781.
Musen Almanach für 1788. herausgegeben von Voss und Goeking. Hamburg.
pp. 50–2: Urrins Preis. Nach dem Wallischen des Barden Taliesin.
Translated by von Halem in rimed verses from Edward Jones’s Musical
and Poetical Relics of the Welsh Bards, London, 1786, a notice of
which had appeared in the Allg. Lit.–Zeitung, 1786, ii, p. 203. Cp.
Poesie und Prose, 1789.
@1789.@ Essai d’une Traduction d’Ossian en vers françois. Par J.
Lombard, Secrétaire privé au cabinet du Roi. Berlin.
Metrical translation of Carthon. pp. 7–16: Preliminary essay. This
translation is erroneously referred to by Gurlitt (April 9, 1802,
pp. 4–5), Ersch und Gruber, Encyklopädie, _sub_ Ossian (p. 429) and
others as being one of Fingal instead of Carthon. The translator’s
full name is Jean Guillaume Lombard.
REVIEWS: Allg. Lit.–Zeitung, 1789, iv, pp. 81–4.
Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 97, i, pp. 151–3 (1790).
La Prusse Littéraire sous Fréderic II. Par Mr l’Abbé Denina. 3 vols.
Berlin, 1790–1. Vol. 2, pp. 422–4, _sub_ Lombard. On p. 422 Denina
mentions a German prose translation by one Jani, which I have not
been able to locate.
Musenalmanach. Göttingen, pp. 214–6: Minvane, ein Bruckstück aus einem
verlornen Gesange von Ossian. von Georg Friedrich Nöldeke.
A free invention in the style of Ossian (in verse).
Poesie und Prose von G.A. von Halem. Hamburg. pp. 226–7: Urrins Preis.
Nach dem Wallisischen des Barden Taliesin, 1787. pp. 318–9: Harlechs
Preis. Nach dem Wallisischen Mirvans mit dem rothen Haare, 1783. pp.
320–2: Die Klage Lesbana’s. Nach dem Celtischen, 1783. pp. 344–7: Klage.
Nach dem Celtischen, 1782. pp. 353–79: Teudelinde. An drey Schwestern,
1780.
For the first cf. Musen Almanach, 1788, for the third and fourth
Deutsches Museum, 1783, for the last 1780. Cp. Irene, 1804.
@1790.@ Beispielsammlung zur Theorie und Literatur der schönen
Wissenschaften von Johann Joachim Eschenburg. 8 vols. Berlin und
Stettin. 1788–95. Vol. 5, pp. 304–7: Extract (in English) from Fingal,
Bk. iii (The Death of Agandecca, p. 237, l. 27–p. 240, l. 10), with a
short preliminary notice.
Musen Almanach. Göttingen. pp. 83–7: Ossians Gebet. Hochländisches
Volkslied.
Translated in meter by Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Meyer, 1759–1840. A
dialog between Ossian and St. Patrick, the original of which
appeared in the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin,
1787. Cp. Neuaufgefundene Gedichte Ossians, 1792, Spiele des Witzes,
1793, Adrastea, 1802.
Alfonso, ein Gedicht in acht Gesängen. Göttingen.
An epic poem by Friedrich August Müller, 1767–1807, in which the
imitation of Ossian is remarkably striking.
REVIEW: Allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 99, i, pp. 112–7 (1790).
@1791.@ Bragur. Ein Litterarisches Magazin der Deutschen und Nordischen
Vorzeit. Herausgegeben von Böckh und Gräter. Leipzig. Vol. 1, pp.
379–80: Von der Uebersetzung Ossians und der Sean Dana aus dem Original.
Von Gräter.
Other notices of Friedrich David Gräter’s (1768–1830) proposed
translation (which never appeared) are given in the Neue Bibl. der
schönen Wissenschaften, Vol. 49, ii, p. 327 (1793), in Schubart’s
Chronik, Stuttgart, 1790, ii, p. 798, 1791, i, pp. 95–6, in the
Allg. Lit.–Zeitung, 1791, iv, p. 648, in the Intelligenzblatt der
allg. Lit.–Zeitung, 1790, p. 1340, 1791, pp. 91–2, and in the
Friedensnachrichten, Halle, 1795, No. 20, pp. 318–20.
Deutsche Monatsschrift. Berlin. i, pp. 177–8, note: Several quotations
from the Poems of Ossian in an article Ueber den Wunsch, auf einer
niedrigen Stufe der Kultur zu leben.
_Ibid._, ii, pp. 197–223: Ueber die Sitten der alten Schotten, von Hrn.
Doktor Kramer.
An essay based upon Hugo Arnot’s History of Edinburgh from the
earliest Accounts to the present Time, Edinburgh, 1788. References
to the authenticity of the works of Ossian on p. 198.
Iwona, eine ossianische Skizze. Ludwig Tieck’s Handschriftlicher
Nachlass, Royal Library, Berlin.
Cf. Arch. für Litteraturgesch., Vol. 15, pp. 316–22: Zu Ludwig
Tiecks Nachlass. Von Adolf Hauffen.—The Nachlass also contains the
Gesang des Barden Longal, another Ossianic imitation.—Three other
Ossianic imitations were written by Tieck in the same year, viz.,
Ryno, Ullin’s Gesang, and Ullin’s und Linulf’s Gesang. The last two
were printed in Die eiserne Maske, 1792, _q. v._, and are given on
pp. 195–204 in the first volume of Ludwig Tieck’s nachgelassene
Schriften, ed. Rudolf Köpke, Leipzig, 1855.
Feldblumen, gesammelt zum Besten einer Erziehungsanstalt für arme
Kinder. Riga. pp.?–?: Colma.
Probably an Ossianic melodrama. Cf. review in the Allg. deutsche
Bibl., Kiel, Vol. 116, ii, pp. 394–5 (1794).
@1791–2.@ Ossians und Sineds Lieder. 6 vols. Wien. Cf. 1st ed., 1784.
(Vol. 6 = 1792.) Two editions, one in large 4^o (Alberti), the other
in small 4^o (Wappler). Cf. _infra_, p. 138.
REVIEW: Neue allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 2, i, pp. 116–9 (1793).
@1792.@ Neuaufgefundene Gedichte Ossians Aus dem Englischen Mit
erläuternden Anmerkungen und einer Abhandlung über die Werke dieses
celtischen Barden. Frankfurt und Leipzig.
Translation by Christoph Heinrich Pfaff (1773–1852) of the Ossianic
poems published by the Irish Bishop of Clonfert, Arthur Young, in
the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, 1787.
REVIEWS: Neue allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 7, ii, pp. 579–82 (1793).
Neue Bibl. der schönen Wissenschaften, Vol. 52, ii, pp. 297–301
(1794)
Allg. Lit.–Zeitung, 1795, ii, pp. 345–9 (by F. D. Gräter; cf.
Bragur, Vol. 6, ii, pp. 237–8, note).
Deutsche Monatsschrift. Berlin. ii, pp. 313–32: Die Schlacht von Lava,
oder das Lied vom Greise. Ein Celtisches Gedicht des dreyzehnten
Jahrhunderts.
Metrical translation from Smith’s Galic Antiquities by F. L. W.
Meyer. Cp. Spiele des Witzes, 1793.
Bragur ... Herausgegeben von Gräter. Vol. 2, pp. 56–7: References to
Ossian, Orran and Ullin in an essay by Gräter entitled Kurzer Begriff
von den Druiden, Barden, Skalden, Minstrels, Minnesingern und
Meistersängern.
Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit von Johann Gottfried
Herder. Vierter Theil. Riga und Leipzig. 8^o. pp. 14–5: References to
Ossian.—pp. 12–? of the 4^o ed. of 1791.
Die eiserne Maske, eine schottische Geschichte. Von Ottokar Sturm.
Frankfurt und Leipzig.
A story by Friedrich Eberhard Rambach (1767–1826), the last chapter
of which was written by Tieck. The names of the characters are
Ossianic, and Tieck’s Ossianic imitations, Ullin’s Gesang and
Ullin’s and Linulf’s Gesang, are included.
REVIEW: Neue allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 3, i, pp. 285–6.
@1793.@ Spiele des Witzes und der Phantasie. Berlin, pp. 147–53: Ossians
Gebet. Hochländisch. pp. 154–78: Die Schlacht von Lava, oder das Lied
vom Greise.
Translations by F. L. W. Meyer, the first of which appeared in the
Göttinger Musen Almanach, 1790, and the second in the Deutsche
Monatsschrift, 1792, _q. v._
Allgemeine Theorie der Schönen Künste ... von Johann George Sulzer. Neue
vermehrte zweyte Auflage. 4 vols. Leipzig, 1792–4. Vol. 3, pp. 631–43:
Article on Ossian.—1st ed., 1774.
Theatralische Sammlung. Wien. Band 46, ii: Inamorulla, oder Ossians
Grosmuth. Ein Schauspiel in fünf Aufzügen. Nach Ossian.—Cf. 1783.
@1794.@ Tales of Ossian for Use and Entertainment. Ein Lesebuch für
Anfänger im Englischen. Mit beigefügten historischen, statistischen und
genealogischen Erläuterungen, ... Zwote, verbesserte und vermehrte
Auflage. Nürnberg.—1st ed., 1784, _q. v._
Michaelis Denisii Carmina quaedam. Vindobonae. pp. 132–4: Mors Oscaris.
Cf. Denis’s translation of Ossian. Vol. 3, 1769.
REVIEW: Neue allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 15, ii, p. 339 (1795).
Schauspiele und Gemälde. Von Carl Reiner. Duisburg am Rhein. pp. 79–104:
Calthon und Colmala, ein Gedicht von Ossian in Versen übersezt. pp.
223–34: Minonas Gesang, ein Gedicht von Ossian, in Versen übersezt.
The first is a translation of Calthon and Colmal, the second of The
Songs of Selma, beginning, p. 208–p. 210, l. 15.
REVIEW: Neue allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 23, ii, p. 321 (1796).
Bragur ... Herausgegeben von Hässlein und Gräter. Vol. 3, pp. 120–206:
Translation of an article by William Tytler Ueber die alten Schottischen
Balladen und Lieder und die Schottische Musik überhaupt.—pp. 120–2,
131–2: references to Ossian.
_Ibid._, p. 473: Notice of Alstrup’s Danish translation of Ossian.
_Ibid._, pp. 480–5: Letter of Prof. [Johann Christian Christoph] Rüdiger
(1751–1822) of Halle to Gräter Ueber Ossian.
_Ibid._, pp. 485–91: Letter of L. Th. Kosegarten to Gräter, dated
Wolgast, Sept. 16, 1791, Ueber Ossian, die Sean Dana u. s. w.
Sämmtliche Poetische Schriften von Joh. [_sic_!] Wilhelm von
Gerstenberg. III. Theil. Erste vollständige Ausgabe. Wien. pp. 1–173:
Minona, oder die Angelsachsen. Ein tragisches Melodrama in vier Akten.
Unauthorized edition. Cf. 1785, and _infra_, pp. 52–3.
Harald oder der Kronenkrieg. Eine nordische Erzählung. 2 vols. Kaschau
in Ober–Hungarn.
A novel in the Ossianic vein, reprinted in the Nordische Geschichten
der Vorzeit, 1798.
REVIEW: Neue allg. deutsche Bibl., Vol. 23, i, p. 173 (1796).
@1795.@ Ossians Gedichte, von Edmund von Harold in Prosa übersetzt.
Münster. Cf. _ibid._, 1775.
Ludewig Gottlieb Cromens Gedichte. Leipzig, pp. 44–53: Armyns Klagelied
an Kirmor. pp. 54–8: Fragment aus einem altschottischen Gedichte. Cf.
Unterhaltungen, 1767.
Geschichte des Glaubens an Unsterblichkeit, Auferstehung, Gericht und
Vergeltung von Christian Wilhelm Flügge. Leipzig. Vol. 2, pp. 149–210:
Sechster Abschnitt. Lehren und Meinungen der alten Caledonier über
Fortdauer nach dem Tode, nach Ossian und andern celtischen Gedichten.
Numerous quotations are made from Denis’s translation, some quite
lengthy, as _e. g._, pp. 172–3: Carric–Thura, p. 147, ll. 5–25, p.
148, ll. 1–9. pp. 174–5: Fingal, Bk. ii, p. 227, l. 5–bottom. pp.
176–7: The War of Caros, p. 191, l. 36–p. 192, l. 16. pp. 180–1:
Temora, Bk. vii, beginning, p. 354–p. 355, l. 3. p. 187: Berrathon,
p. 375, l. 22–bottom. There are also several quotations from the
Galic Antiquities and from Macpherson’s and Blair’s Dissertations.
On pp. 203–4 an extract from Gräter’s translation in the Nordische
Blumen, pp. 371–2, Cath–Loda, Duan i, p. 130, ll. 20–30.
REVIEW: Göttingische Bibl. der neuesten theologischen Literatur.
Göttingen. Vol. 1, x, pp. 733–4 (1795).
Nachträge zu Sulzers allgemeiner Theorie der schönen Künste. 8 vols.
Leipzig, 1792–1808. Vol. 3, ii, pp. 237–52: Ueber die Celtischen Barden.
Nach Ossian, von Herrn W.N. Freudentheil.
The full name of the author is Wilhelm Nicolaus Freudentheil,
1771–1853. Cp. Vol. 8, 1808.
Die Horen eine Monatsschrift herausgegeben von Schiller. Vierter Band.
Tübingen. Zehntes Stück, pp. 86–107: Homer und Ossian. von Herder.
A comparison of Homer and Ossian, contained on pp. 446–62 in Vol. 18
of the Suphan edition, where on pp. 462–4 is given an extract from
the first draft: (Homer und Ossian, Söhne der Zeit.)—A similar
comparison, consisting of three academic polemics, had appeared
1792–5 in Upsala: Gustav Rosen, Comparatio Homeri et Ossiani.
_Ibid._, Eilftes Stück, pp. 68–9, note: Characteristic of Ossian’s
poetry in Schiller’s essay Ueber das Naive.
_Ibid._, Zwölftes Stück, p. 24: Reference to Ossian in the paragraph on
Elegiac Poetry in Schiller’s essay Die sentimentalischen Dichter.
These references to Ossian in the essay Ueber naive und
sentimentalische Dichtung are contained on pp. 444, note, and 467 of
Schillers sämmtliche Schriften, ed. Goedeke, Zehnter Theil,
Aesthetische Schriften.
Johann Lane Buchanans ... Reisen durch die westlichen Hebriden, während
der Jahre 1782 bis 1790. Aus dem Englischen. Berlin.
Quoted from by Herder in his essay in the Horen, 1795, x, pp. 104–7.