CHILDREN’S MEETINGS
In these days, when the teaching of any virtue necessitates a special
Society, and when no Society is complete without its Children’s
Branch, children’s meetings are matters of almost everyday occurrence.
To say that these meetings are for the most part successful would
be scarcely accurate. They are too numerous, and speakers to whom
children will listen are too few.
[Sidenote: To Whom will Children Listen?]
To whom, then, _will_ they give a hearing? That is a difficult
question, almost as difficult to answer as if it were asked “Who
can whistle a tune?” At all events it is quite as difficult to tell
people how to gain the attention of children as it is to tell them
how to whistle a tune. If they can, they can; and if they can’t, it
isn’t much use telling them. However, it is just possible that anyone
who has looked through the pages of this little book may have been
stirred to think about children, and to try to understand them. In
that case a step has been taken on the road to being one of those
lucky people to whom children will listen.
[Sidenote: Children Know their Friends.]
Small boys and girls, like dogs, know by intuition the people who are
fond of them, and unless the would-be speaker belongs to this class
he need not hope to get their attention. Grown-up people listen to
someone whom they do not like on the chance of finding something to
criticize or ridicule. Children simply do not listen at all.
[Sidenote: Children must be Understood.]
But a love for children is not enough. There must be the effort to
understand them. Unless there be at least some comprehension of their
characters, there is bound to be a lack of that sympathy which is
the essential requisite. Somehow or other, children seem to feel at
once whether or not there exists that subtle link between themselves
and the speaker, and if they cannot discover it they will not—perhaps
even cannot—listen.
[Sidenote: A Difficult Art.]
The mistake so often made is to imagine that it is easy to understand
children. The exact opposite is the fact. It is far easier for anyone
to understand grown-up people whose minds work much in the same way
as his own than to comprehend and sympathise with the curiously
complex thoughts and reasonings of children.
[Sidenote: An Honest Saleswoman.]
It has been seen how strangely imaginative all children are, but at
the same time they are often most literal. There is a well-known
story of a little girl selling artificial flowers at a bazaar who
was so anxious that there should be no mistake on the part of the
purchasers that she said to each, “They are not _real_, you know;
they are _stuffed_!” No doubt this same child would have treated
these same flowers as absolutely real if she had had them to play
with, and would have let her imagination run riot with them.
Again, children are often so tender-hearted that they cannot bear to
hear of the sufferings of other children, but will inflict intense
pain on some insect with complete callousness, the reason being that
the one comes within their comprehension while the other does not.
These simple matters are mentioned here merely to show the complicity
of children’s characters, and to try to induce those who wish
to teach them to abandon the idea that it is perfectly easy to
understand children.
[Sidenote: Infection Spreads Rapidly.]
The next necessity for anyone who wants to gain the attention of a
group of little ones is to remember that they are extraordinarily
liable to infection.
Just as chicken-pox introduced into a children’s party by one child
will spread to most of the others, so if one person at a meeting be
thoroughly interested and keen, the rest will be sure to catch the
infection. That person must, of course, be the speaker.
[Sidenote: Platitudes Useless.]
[Sidenote: Simplicity Essential.]
It is no sort of use talking to children because the speaker has
got to say something. It is essential that he should have something
to say. Further, it is no use his having something to say unless
he is himself enthusiastically interested. Anyone who has tried to
speak to children will know how their attention is gone in a moment
so soon as he says half-a-dozen words of mere platitude. All this
points to the need of careful preparation and thorough knowledge
of what he has to say. Then he must say it simply. Children do not
understand long words, and cannot follow involved sentences. It is
not unusual to hear the chairman of a children’s meeting begin by
saying, “My dear young friends,—if I may be allowed so to designate
some whose acquaintance I have hitherto not been so fortunate as to
cultivate—the admirable society to which, as I understand, you have
given your adherence inculcates those principles of self-abnegation
which have long been designated as the true foundations of all
existence at once joyous and altruistic.” Can anything be more
hopeless? The succeeding speakers must be uncommonly vivacious
and interesting if the children are to recover from such a fatal
beginning.
[Sidenote: A Sermon in Monosyllables.]
It is no bad thing to try to speak in words of one syllable. If that
is thought hopeless it may be mentioned that the Bishop of Bristol
not long ago published a whole sermon in monosyllables, just to show
what can be done.
[Sidenote: Children Resent Feeble Talk.]
But, on the other hand, it is a serious mistake to talk down to
children. That is to say, the stuff must be good though the language
be simple. Children resent having washy sentiments served up to them
in baby language. They can understand great thoughts if properly
presented.
It has been suggested that when very young indeed they dislike the
nonsensical manner in which they are addressed by many adoring
women. This has been given as one reason why a baby on being first
introduced to a strange man and a strange woman will generally prefer
to go to the man. The supposition is that the baby thinks he will
stand more chance of hearing rational language. It is certain that
most people have heard ladies speak to little children in a babble
which they would not use to a self-respecting dog for fear he should
bite them!
[Sidenote: The Ingredients of a Speech to Children.]
But to speak more seriously: yet another matter to bear in mind
is that monotony must at all costs be avoided. A speech which,
however good in other ways, is entirely pathetic, will fail to keep
children’s attention, while a speech that is entirely funny will
fail to rouse their interest in the object of the meeting. There may
be tears—a few—there must be laughter—now and then. There must be
stories and there must be morals: the art is to make the one almost
as interesting as the other.
[Sidenote: Position of Speaker Important.]
It may perhaps be allowed to insert here one or two practical hints.
For instance, it is absolutely essential that the children should
be able to see the face of the speaker clearly. It is well that he,
too, should be able to see the faces of his audience. But the former
is the more important. If a room, then, has windows so placed that
either the speaker or the children must face them, it is better that
the speaker should do so. Children find it almost impossible to
listen to anyone whom they cannot see, a fact which points to the
value of a sustained effort on the part of the speaker to catch the
eye of first one and then another of his audience.
[Sidenote: Meetings as Informal as Possible.]
That leads on to the desirability of getting rid so far as possible
of _formality_. There should be no barriers between the speaker and
the children. A high platform is fatal. It is even more fatal when
there is also a table and a water bottle. The speaker should be as
close to the children as he can, consistently with being able to see
and be seen.
[Sidenote: A Successful Meeting.]
Here is a description of a thoroughly successful children’s meeting.
A large low room with old oak beams and a dark polished floor. The
only light a blazing fire of logs. In the darker corners a few groups
of mothers and other “grown ups.” Near the centre of the floor, two
or three large Indian mats, and in front of them a big low easy chair
facing the fire light. In this chair is the speaker, and on his knees
and on the arms of the chair cluster three or four of the smallest
children. The rest are sitting just anyhow upon the coloured mats.
They are all perfectly quiet and well inclined for a rest, for they
have just had a succession of games—blind man’s buff and “Jacob,
where art thou?” the favourites. For half-an-hour or so they sit and
listen to the story of other children less happy than themselves, and
learn how best to help them. Then comes “Good-night,” and they go
away with impressions still vivid, and with new and brave resolutions.
[Sidenote: Garden Meetings.]
Some such happy informal talks as this may often be held in summer on
the grass beneath the trees, but the many distractions of the open
air—a butterfly may turn away all thoughts—make such meetings more
difficult than those held indoors.
The hints given in these few pages seem utterly inadequate, and to
include only such matters as must occur to all. They have been set
down here as some reply to the frequent question “How can children’s
meetings be made successful?”
There is but one more word to be said. Grown-up people are so greatly
distracted by the cares and occupations of their daily life that it
needs special preparation before they can understand little children.
To anyone who wishes to influence their simple yet imaginative minds
the task is almost hopeless unless he will try to fulfil that most
difficult command and himself “become as a little child.”
Appendix
It is of considerable interest, and may be in some cases of practical
value to those interested in the well-being of children to notice in
order some of the principal Acts of Parliament which have been passed
during the last twenty-five years on behalf of children:—
1883. 46 & 47 Vic., c. 53. Employment of Children in Factories and
Workshops.
1885. 48 & 49 Vic., c. 69. Criminal Law Amendment Act, relating to
criminal assaults on children and to the finding of children in
disorderly houses.
1887. 50 & 51 Vic., c. 58. Employment in Coal Mines.
1889. 52 & 53 Vic., c. 44. The Prevention of Cruelty to Children Act.
This was the first of the three Acts, the others being passed in
1894 and 1904 respectively. Sometimes called “The Children’s
Charter.” It is very wide in application, making it an offence to
assault, illtreat, neglect, abandon, or expose a child under sixteen
years of age in a manner likely to cause such child unnecessary
suffering or injury to its health.
1891. 54 & 55 Vic., c. 3. The Custody of Children Act, dealing with
the power of the Court to decline to issue a writ for the production
of a child to an unfit parent, and with the power of the Court to
order repayment of costs of bringing up a child.
1891. 54 & 55 Vic., c. 75 & 76. Further enactments concerning
employment in Factories and Workshops.
1892. 55 & 56 Vic., c. 4. Betting Act, whereby it became a
misdemeanour for anyone for the purpose of earning commission to
send circulars, etc., to invite an infant to make any bet or wager.
1893. 56 & 57 Vic., c. 48. Reformatory Schools Act, giving power to
a Court to remand a youthful offender to a prison or to any other
place, which has in practice always been assumed to be a workhouse.
1894. 57 & 58 Vic., c. 33. Industrial Schools Act. Education.
1897. 60 & 61 Vic., c. 57. Infant Life Protection Act, concerning
persons receiving infants for hire for the purpose of maintenance.
An Act for the abolition of illicit baby-farming.
1899. 62 & 63 Vic., c. 37. Poor Law Act, concerning the control of
guardians over orphans and children of persons unfit to have control
of them.
1901. 1 Ed. VII, c. 20. Youthful Offenders Act, providing for (1) the
removal of disqualifications attaching to felony, (2) the liability
of parent or guardian in the case of youthful offenders, (3) the
remand of youthful offenders to other places than prisons, (4) the
recovery of expenses of maintenance from parent or person legally
liable, etc., etc.
1901. 1 Ed. VII, c. 27. Intoxicating Liquors (Sale to Children) Act,
forbidding the sale or delivery save at the residence or working
place of the purchaser of any description of intoxicating liquor
to any person under the age of fourteen years, except in corked and
sealed vessels, in quantities not less than one reputed pint. It
should be noticed that the Licensing Act of 1872 prohibited the sale
of any description of spirits to any person apparently under the age
of sixteen years.
1903. 3 Ed. VII, c. 45. The Employment of Children Act, containing
restrictions on the hours of employment, age of employees, nature of
employment, etc., etc.
There have also been several Education Acts either passed or
proposed, but it is doubtful whether these have not usually had their
origin in the exigencies of party politics rather than in a _bonâ
fide_ desire for the welfare of children. An honourable exception is
the Elementary Education (Defective and Epileptic Children) Act of
1899.
_Printed by Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd., Bath._
Transcriber’s Notes
pg 10 Changed The helpless ness to: helplessness
pg 58 Changed my finishing he to: the
pg 126 Added period after: our visit to you