true piety of the heart.
Mothers, who wish not only to discharge well their own duties in the
domestic circle, but to train up their daughters at a later day to
make happy and comfortable firesides for their families, should watch
well, and guard well, the notions which they imbibe, and with which
they grow up.
4172. One main falsity abroad in this age is the notion, that women,
unless compelled to it by absolute poverty, are out of place when
engaged in domestic affairs.
4173. Let mothers avoid such danger. If they would do so, they must
bring up their daughters from the first with the idea that in this
world it is required to give as well as to receive, to minister
as well as to enjoy; that every person is bound to be useful,
practically, literally useful, in his or her sphere.
4174. _Woman's sphere_ is the house--her home; its concerns and
demands: these are her first duties.
4175. Once really imbued with this belief, and taught to see how
much the happiness of woman herself, as well as her family, depends
on this part of her discharge of duty, a young girl will usually be
anxious to learn all that her mother is disposed to teach.
4176. She will be proud and happy to aid in any domestic occupations
assigned to her, which need never be made so heavy as to interfere
with the peculiar duties of her age, or its peculiar delights.
4177. If a mother wishes to see her daughter become a good, happy,
and rational woman, never let her admit of contempt for domestic
occupations, or even suffer them to be deemed secondary. They may be
varied in character by station, but they can never be secondary to a
woman.
4178. Therefore teach your daughters to keep accounts, so that they
may learn the value of money.
4179. _Teach them to work_, that they may not waste their time if
rich, nor be helpless if poor.
4180. _Teach them cooking_, that they may guard against the waste of
servants, and be able to help themselves and others, if necessary.
4181. _Educate the mind_, refine the taste, and exalt the character,
by keeping the love of excellence, in all they do, before them.
4182. Then they will be fitted to shine in domestic and social life,
and to understand Literature, Art, and Science, as these conduce to
goodness and happiness.
4183. _The Mother at Home._--By the quiet fireside at home, the true
mother, in the midst of her children, is sowing as in the vases of
the earth, the seeds of plants that shall some time give to Heaven
the fragrance of their blossoms, and whose fruit shall be to us a
rosary of angelic deeds, the noblest offering that she can make
through the ever ascending and expanding souls of her children to her
Maker.
4184. Every word that she utters goes from heart to heart with a
power of which she little dreams. Philosophers tell us in their
speculations that we cannot lift a finger without moving distant
spheres.
4185. Solemn is the thought that every word that falls from a
mother's lip, every expression of her countenance, may leave an
indelible impress upon the young souls about her, and form the
underlaying strain of that education which peoples Heaven with
celestial beings, and gives to the white brow of the angel, next to
the grace of God, its crown of glory.
4186. _Teach your Children Obedience._
It is unspeakable what a blessing it is to a child, what a saving
of unhappiness and wickedness in after life, to be early taught
absolute obedience; there must be no hesitating or asking why, but
what a mother says must at once be done.
4187. The young twig bends easily, but remember, that in after years
it grows hard, and will break before you bend it. A little steadiness
at first will save you many years' sorrow.
4188. While you insist upon obedience, however, you must take care
that you do not provoke a child, and tempt it to disobedience by
unreasonable and foolish commands.
4189. "Provoke not your children to wrath;" and when it is necessary
to punish them, see that it never be done violently and in a passion,
but as a duty.
4190. _Going in Debt._--A _lady_ should never go in debt, unless she
is _sure_ of having the means of payment.
4191. _Shopping._--Never go shopping for amusement--you rob the
shopkeeper of his time and waste your own.
4192. _A young lady_ at home can find or make pleasant amusements;
one of the most healthful is the study of botany or flowers.
4193. _A garden_, or rather the fields and woods, will be filled with
new interest if you love the flowers, and can read their history.
4194. _The language of flowers_ has been studied and arranged by the
people of the East. A few specimens of this may be admitted here, as
an amusement for those who are idle or curious.
SENTIMENTS OF FLOWERS.
4195. What each flower enumerated signifies when sent to a friend or
lover.
4196. _Almond, flowering_--Concealed love.
4197. _Althea, Frutex_--I am deeply in love.
4198. _Amaranth_--Immortality, or piety.
4199. _Anemone_--Fading hope.
4200. _Arbor-Vitæ_--Unchanging friendship.
4201. _Auricula, Scarlet_--Pride. You are proud.
4202. _Bachelor's Button_--Hope in love.
4203. _Balm_--I long for your society.
4204. _Balsamine_--Impatience; or, pray come.
4205. _Bay Leaf_--I change but in dying.
4206. _Box_--I believe in your constancy.
4207. _Buttercup_--Riches. You are rich.
4208. _Calla Ethiopica_--Magnificent beauty.
4209. _Carnation_--Pride and beauty.
4210. _Camelia Japonica_--Surpassing excellence.
4211. _Cedar_--Think of me.
4212. _China Astar_--Caprice.
4213. _Cypress_--Despair, and without hope.
4214. _Dahlia_--Dignity--I will sustain it.
4215. _Daisy_--Youthful beauty.
4216. _Dandelion_--Coquetry, I accuse you of.
4217. _Eglantine_--I wound to heal.
4218. _Forget-me-not_--True love forever.
4219. _Fox-glove_--Insincerity. You are false.
4220. _Geranium_--Gentility and elegance.
4221. _Gilly-Flower_--Thou art fair.
4222. _Golden Rod_--Encouragement. You will succeed.
4223. _Grass_--Submission.
4224. _Heart's Ease_--Love in idleness.
4225. _Heliotrope_--Devotion. Let us pray for each other.
4226. _Hellebore_--Calumny. You have listened.
4227. _Hollyhock_--Ambition. I seek glory.
4228. _Honeysuckle_--Dost thou love me?
4229. _Houstonia_--Content ever with thee.
4230. _Hyacinth, Purple_--Sorrow. I am sad.
4231. _Hydrangea_--Heartlessness.
4232. _Ivy_--Wedded love. We are happy.
4233. _Jasmine, White_--I desire a return of my affection.
4234. _Larkspur_--Haughtiness.
4235. _Laurel_--Ambition. I will win.
4236. _Laurustinus_--A token. Pray remember.
4237. _Lavender_--Acknowledgment.
4238. _Lilac_--Fastidiousness.
4239. _Lily, White_--Purity and beauty.
4240. _Magnolia_--You are beautiful.
4241. _Marigold_--Jealousy--I have cause.
4242. _Mignionette_--I live for thee.
4243. _Moss_--Patience, or pray wait.
4244. _Oak-Leaf_--Courage. I will endure.
4245. _Passion-Flower_--Piety. Trust in God.
4246. _Periwinkle_--Memory. Never forget.
4247. _Pink_--Household love. I am at home.
4248. _Poppy_--Forgetfulness.
4249. _Primrose_--Neglected merit.
4250. _Rose_--Love, or I love you.
4251. _Rue_--Disdain. Go: never return.
4252. _Saffron_--Marriage--when?
4253. _Snow-Drop_--Faithful in adversity.
4254. _Thyme_--Thriftiness. I am diligent.
4255. _Tulip_--Beautiful eyes. Look on me.
4256. _Violet_--I dream of thee.
4257. _Willow_--Forsaken--never more.
4258. _Wheat_--Prosperity--I wish thee.
4259. _Yew_--Penitence. I am sorry.
4260. _Poisonous Plants._--Plants with five stamens and one pistil,
with a dull-colored lurid carolla, and a nauseous sickly smell,
are always poisonous. As _tobacco_, _henbane_, _nightshade_,
_thorn-apple_.
Umbelliferous plants of the aquatic kind, and with a nauseous scent,
are always poisonous. As _water-hemlock_, _cow-parsley_.
4261. Plants with _labiate_ corollas and seeds in capsules, are
frequently poisonous. As _snap-dragon_, _fox-glove_.
4262. Plants from which issue a milky juice on being broken, are
poisonous, unless they bear compound flowers. As _milk-weed_,
_dogbane_.
4263. Plants having any appendage to the calyx or corolla, and
eight or more stamens, are generally poisonous. As _columbine_,
_nasturtium_.
4264. Plants having twelve or more stamens, and a nauseous sickly
smell, are generally poisonous.
4265. _To ascertain the Length of the Day and Night._--At any time of
the years add twelve hours to the time of the sun's setting, and from
the sum subtract the time of rising, for the _length of the day_.
Subtract the time of setting from twelve hours, and to the remainder
add the time of rising next morning, for the _length of the night_.
These rules are equally true for _apparent_ time.
4266. _Leap Year._--Leap years are those that are exactly divisible
by four, and also by 400, and not by 100. The year 1900, therefore,
will not be a leap year.
4267. _True Time._--Two kinds of time are used in Almanacs; _clock_
or _mean time_ in some, and _apparent_ or _sun time_ in others.
_Clock_ time is always _right_, while _sun_ time _varies_ every day.
People generally suppose it is twelve o'clock when the sun is due
south, or at a properly made noon-mark. But this is a mistake. The
sun is seldom on the meridian _at twelve o'clock_; indeed this is
the case only on four days of the year: namely, April 15, June 15,
September 1, and December 24.
4268. The time when the sun is on the meridian or at the noon-mark
is also given to the nearest second, for every day in the year. This
affords a ready means of obtaining correct time and for setting a
clock by using a noon-mark, adding or subtracting as the sun is slow
or fast.
4269. Old-fashioned Almanacs, which use _apparent_ time, give the
rising and setting of the sun's _centre_, and make no allowance for
the effect of refraction of the sun's rays by the atmosphere. The
more modern and improved Almanacs, which use _clock_ time, give the
rising and the setting of the sun's _upper limb_, and duly allow for
refraction.
4270. _Velocity of Sound and Light._--Sound moves about thirteen
miles in a minute. So that if we hear a clap of thunder half a minute
after the flash, we may calculate that the discharge of electricity
is six and a half miles off.
4271. In one second of time--in one beat of the pendulum of a
clock--light travels over 192,000 miles. Were a cannon ball shot
toward the sun, and it were to maintain full speed, it would be
twenty years in reaching it--and yet light travels through this space
in seven or eight minutes.
SIGNS OF THE WEATHER.
4272. _Dew._--If the dew lies plentifully on the grass after a fair
day, it is a sign of another. If not, and there is no wind, rain must
follow.
4273. A red evening portends fine weather; but if it spreads too
far upward from the horizon in the evening, and especially in the
morning, it foretells wind or rain, or both.
4274. When the sky, in rainy weather, is tinged with sea-green, the
rain will increase; if with deep blue, it will be showery.
4275. _Clouds._--Against much rain, the clouds grow bigger, and
increase very fast, especially before thunder.
4276. When the clouds are formed like fleeces, but dense in the
middle and bright toward the edges, with the sky bright, they are
signs of a frost, with hail, snow, or rain.
4277. If clouds form high in the air, in thin white trains like locks
of wool, they portend wind, and probably rain.
4278. When a general cloudiness covers the sky, and small black
fragments of clouds fly underneath, they are a sure sign of rain, and
probably it will be lasting. Two currents of clouds always portend
rain, and, in summer, thunder.
4279. _Heavenly Bodies._--A haziness in the air, which fades the
sun's light, and makes the orb appear whitish, or ill-defined--or
at night, if the moon and stars grow dim, and a ring encircles the
former, rain will follow.
4280. If the sun's rays appear like Moses' horns--if white at
setting, or shorn of his rays, or goes down into a bank of clouds in
the horizon, bad weather is to be expected.
4281. If the moon looks pale and dim we expect rain; if red, wind;
and if of her natural color, with a clear sky, fair weather. If the
moon is rainy throughout, it will be clear at the change, and perhaps
the rain return a few days after. If fair throughout, and rain at the
change, the fair weather will probably return on the fourth or fifth
day.
4282. _The Weather and the Blood._--In dry, sultry weather the heat
ought to be counteracted by means of a cooling diet. To this purpose,
cucumbers, melons, and juicy fruit are subservient.
4283. We ought to give the preference to such alimentary substances
as lead to contract the juices which are too much expanded by the
heat, and the property is possessed by all acid food and drink.
4284. To this class belong all sorts of salad, lemons, oranges,
pomegranates sliced and sprinkled with sugar, for the acid of this
fruit is not so apt to derange the stomach as that of lemons; also
cherries and strawberries, curds turned with lemon acid or cream of
tartar; cream of tartar dissolved in water--lemonade and Rhenish or
Moselle wine mixed with water.
AIR--ITS EFFECTS ON LIFE.
4285. What is carbonic acid gas?
4286. A gas formed by the union of carbon and oxygen. It used to be
called "fixed air."
4287. Under what circumstances does carbon most readily unite with
oxygen?
4288. 1. When its temperature is raised: thus, if carbon be red-hot,
oxygen will most readily unite with it; and 2. When it forms part of
the fluid blood.
4289. Why do oxygen and carbon so readily unite in the blood?
4290. Because the atoms of carbon are so loosely attracted by the
other materials of the blood, that they unite very readily with the
oxygen of the air inhaled.
4291. Is carbonic acid wholesome?
4292. No: it is fatal to animal life: and (whenever it is inhaled)
acts like a narcotic poison--producing drowsiness, which sometimes
ends in death.
4293. How can any one know if a place be infested with carbonic acid
gas?
4294. If a pit or well contain carbonic acid, a candle (let down
into it) will be instantly extinguished. The rule, therefore, is
this--Where a candle will burn, a man can live; but what will
extinguish a candle, will also destroy life.
4295. Why does a miner lower a candle into a mine before he descends?
4296. Because the candle will be extinguished, if the mine contains
carbonic acid gas; but if the candle is not extinguished, the mine is
safe, and the man may fearlessly descend.
4297. Why does a crowded room produce headache?
4298. Because we breathe the air vitiated by the crowd.
4299. Why is the air of a room vitiated by a crowd?
4300. Because it is deprived of its due proportion of oxygen, and
laden with carbonic acid.
4301. How is the air of a room affected thus by a crowd?
4302. The elements of the air (inhaled by the breath) are separated
in the lungs;--the oxygen is converted in the blood into carbonic
acid; and the carbonic acid (together with the nitrogen) is then
thrown off by the breath into the room.
4303. Why is country air more pure than the air in cities?
4304. 1. Because there are fewer inhabitants to vitiate the air:
2. There are more trees to restore the equilibrium of the vitiated
air: and 3. The free circulation of air keeps it pure and wholesome;
in the same way as running streams are pure and wholesome, while
stagnant waters are the contrary.
4305. Why does the scantiness of a country population render the
country air more pure?
4306. Because the fewer the inhabitants the less carbonic acid will
be exhaled; and thus country people inhale pure oxygen, instead of
air impregnated with the narcotic poison, called carbonic acid gas.
4307. Why do trees and flowers help to make country air wholesome?
4308. 1. Because trees and flowers absorb the carbonic acid generated
by the lungs of animals, putrid substances, and other noxious
exhalations: and 2. Trees and flowers restore to the air the oxygen
which has been inhaled by man and other animals.
4309. Why is the air of cities less wholesome than the country air?
4310. 1. Because there are more inhabitants to vitiate the air: 2.
The sewers, drains, bins, and filth of a city, very greatly vitiate
the air: 3. The streets and alleys prevent a free circulation: and
4. Besides all this, there are fewer trees to absorb the excess of
carbonic acid gas, and restore the equilibrium.
4311. Why are persons who live in close rooms and crowded cities
generally sickly?
4312. Because the air they breathe is not pure, but is (in the first
place) defective in oxygen: and (in the second) impregnated with
carbonic acid gas.
4313. Where does the carbonic acid of close rooms and cities come
from?
4314. From the lungs of the inhabitants, the sewers, drains, and
other like places, in which organic substances are undergoing
decomposition.
4315. What becomes of the carbonic acid of crowded cities?
4316. Some of it is absorbed by vegetables; and the rest is blown
away by the wind, and diffused through the whole volume of the air.
4317. Does not this constant diffusion of carbonic acid affect the
purity of the whole air?
4318. No; because it is wafted by the wind from place to place, and
absorbed in its passage by the vegetable world.
4319. What is choke damp?
4320. Carbonic acid gas accumulated at the bottom of wells and pits,
which renders them noxious, and often fatal to life.
4321. _Offensive Cesspools._--Sulphate of zinc can be purchased of
any druggist, in the form of a salt, and a pound of it dissolved in
two pails of warm water and thrown into an offensive cesspool, will
soon deodorize it.
4322. _Directions for Pruning Vines._--In pruning always cut upward,
and in a sloping direction.
4323. Always leave an inch of blank wood beyond a terminal bud, and
let the cut be on the opposite side of the bud.
4324. Prune so as to leave as few wounds as possible, and let the
surface of every cut be perfectly smooth.
4325. In cutting out an old branch, prune it even with the parent
limb, that the wound may heal quickly.
4326. Prune so as to obtain the quantity of fruit desired on the
smallest number of shoots possible.
4327. Never prune in frosty weather, nor when a frost is expected.
4328. Never prune in the months of March, April, or May; pruning
in either of these months causes bleeding, and occasions thereby a
wasteful and injurious expenditure of sap.
4329. Let the general autumnal pruning take place as soon after the
1st of October as the gathering of the fruit will permit. Lastly. Use
a prying-knife of the best description; and let it be, if possible,
as sharp as a razor.
4330. _Curious Properties of some Figures._--To multiply by 2 is the
same as to multiply by 10 and divide by 5.
4331. Any number of figures you may wish to multiply by 5, will give
the same result if divided by 2--a much quicker operation than the
former; but you must remember to annex a cipher to the answer where
there is no remainder, and where there is a remainder annex a 5 to
the answer.
4332. Thus, multiply 464 by 5, the answer will be 2320; divide the
same number by 2, and you have 232, and as there is no remainder you
add a cipher. Now, take 357, and multiply by 5--the answer is 1785.
On dividing 357 by 2, there is 178, and a remainder; you therefore
place 5 at the right of the line, and the result is again 1785.
4333. There is something more curious in the properties of the number
9. Any number multiplied by 9 produces a sum of figures which, added
together, continually makes 9. For example, all the first multiples
of 9, as 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, sum up 9 each. Each of
them multiplied by any number whatever produces a similar result;
as 8 times 81 are 648, these added together make 18, 1 and 8 are 9.
Multiply 648 by itself, the product is 419,904--the sum of these
digits is 27, 2 and 7 are 9. The rule is invariable.
4334. Take any number whatever and multiply it by 9; or any multiple
of 9, and the sum will consist of figures which, added together,
continually number 9. As 17 × 19 = 306, 6 and 3 are 9; 117 × 27 =
3159, the figures sum up 18, 8 and 1 are 9; 4591 × 72 = 330,552, the
figures sum up 18, 8 and 1 are 9. Again, 87,363 × 54 = 4,717,422;
added together, the product is 27, or 2 and 7 are 9, and so always.
4335. _Technical terms relative to Books, Engravings, etc:_
4336. Books are distinguished according to the number of pages in a
sheet of the paper on which they are printed; as, _two_ leaves, four
pages, _folio_; _four_ leaves, eight pages, _quarto_, or _4to._;
_eight_ leaves, sixteen pages, _octavo_, or _8vo._; _twelve_ leaves,
twenty-four pages, _twelves_, _duodecimo_, or _12mo._; _sixteen_
leaves, thirty-two pages, _sixteens_, or _16mo._; _eighteen_ leaves,
thirty-six pages, _octodecimo_, _eighteens_, or _18mo._
4337. The _size_ of a book is determined by the size or designation
of a sheet of the paper on which it is printed; as _foolscap 4to._,
or _8vo._; _post 8vo._; _demy 8vo_; _royal 8vo._ &c.
4338. The letters A, B, C, D, &c., and the letters and figures, A 2,
A 3, A 4, &c., at the bottoms of the first, third, fifth, seventh,
&c., pages of printed sheets, are marks for directing the printer,
bookseller, and bookbinder in collecting, collating, folding and
placing the sheets in proper order. These marks are usually termed
_signatures_.
4339. When the page of a book is divided into two or more parts by a
line or lines, or blank spaces, running from the top to the bottom,
each division is called a _column_. This work is printed in _columns_.
4340. _Vignette_ is a French term, designating the ornamental
engraving, without a border, which is sometimes placed in the
title-page of a book, at the head or termination of a chapter, &c.
4341. _Xylography_ is the art of engraving upon wood; _etching_,
_mezzotinto_, _aquatinta_, are varieties of the art of engraving
upon copper. Until within these few years, copper and wood were the
substances employed by engravers for book illustrations. For certain
purposes, wood (box-wood) continues in the highest repute: but copper
has been in a great measure superseded by steel, where a large number
of impressions is required.
4342. _Electrography_ is a newly-discovered electrical process, by
which one copper plate may be expeditiously produced, in _fac simile_
from another.
4343. _Glyphography_ is a somewhat similar process, by which, through
the action of the _voltaic battery_, plates may be obtained from
drawings, affording impressions _ad libitum_.
4344. _Lithography_ is the art of taking impressions from drawings or
writings made on prepared and highly-polished calcareous stone.
4345. _Zincography_ is an adaptation of the same principle to plates
of zinc. All these processes are now extensively employed in the
illustrations of books for various purposes.
LAWS--IMPORTANCE OF LAWS.
4346. Every citizen should earnestly and constantly bear in mind the
important fact, that his only safety for person, property, liberty
and life, is in the absolute supremacy of the constitution and the
laws.
4347. _Betting on Elections._--This is an extensive and pernicious
evil, alike injurious to the citizen and to the purity of elections.
All are interested in its suppression; let all then unite in getting
up and presenting petitions to the several State legislatures for
the passage of a law similar to that introduced into the Legislature
of Missouri against betters and stakeholders, and fining both to the
amount of money or property bet. Also punishing by fine any person
who may publish a bet, or assist in any way in making it.
4348. A decision in Ohio makes proprietors of stages responsible for
passengers' baggage, notwithstanding their caution of "All baggage at
the risk of the owners."
4349. _A Non-resident._--A person having a place of business in a
city or town, and boarding and lodging in another, is a non-resident
in his place of business.
4350. Titles of land derived under sales for taxes are declared good
by Supreme Court of Illinois.
4351. A salesman receiving a per centage is not thereby constituted a
partner.
4352. Breach of trust is where valuables are received in the course
of employment, for or in the name of the employer, and embezzled; but
if the valuables have come to the possession of the employer, the
offense is larceny.
4353. A husband is liable for goods furnished his wife, if, from
ill-treatment or other sufficient cause, she does not live with him;
but if she leave him from unjustifiable causes, he is not liable even
for necessaries, whether the tradesman knows of such separation or
not.
4354. Erasing or altering an endorsement on a note is forgery.
4355. A town is liable for damages occasioned by any obstruction
placed on the road by human agency, and is bound to make roads safe
and convenient for travelers.
4356. _Common Carriers._--The owners of a steamboat are responsible
to shippers of goods as common carriers. Common carriers, if they
make a wrong delivery, are responsible for any loss.
4357. The owners of goods must have them properly marked, and entered
in carriers' books; and if he neglects to do it, he must bear the
loss.
4358. An account current rendered, and accepted without objection
being made in a reasonable time, precludes objection afterward, and
makes it a stated account.
4359. A will dictated and taken down in pencil only, and signed by
two witnesses, is valid, if deceased was in sound mind when he gave
the instructions.
4360. _Wills._--A will is an instrument in writing, executed in form
of law, by which a person makes a disposition of his property, to
take effect after his death.
4361. A codicil is a supplement or addition to a will, and by which
the will is altered, explained or added to, but in no case wholly
revoked.
4362. A bequest to a subscribing of a will is void.
4363. Let every man about to make a will endeavor to make it as
concise as possible; and if he employs a lawyer, agree to pay him,
not by the length, but by the transaction. Let him keep in his mind
that every trust or use he creates, also creates the danger of a
lawsuit. _Every will should be dated on the day it is executed._
4364. It is also of the first importance that it should be _prepared
without blot or alteration, or erasure_, for it is an instrument that
may not come into operation for many years--of a surety not until the
party best capable of explaining it, the testator himself, is removed
from the scene of evidence, and possibly not until both the writer of
it, and the witnesses, have either ceased to exist, or whose locality
is not to be traced.
4365. _Homestead Exemption._--It has been truly, as well as
eloquently said, that "Women are the Corinthian pillars that adorn
and support society; the institutions that protect women throw
a shield also around children; and where women and children are
provided for, man must be secure in his rights."
4366. From this radical law of society, which makes the best
interests of humanity dependent on the integrity and comfort of the
Homes of the People, arises the necessity that legislation should
protect the sacredness, and insure the safety of the places where
women and children dwell. We hope that every State in our broad land
will take heed of this paramount duty.
The following extracts exhibit the various qualifications of the
Homestead Exemption Laws now in force in the several States named:--
4367. _Maine._--A lot of land, a dwelling-house, and out-buildings
thereon, or so much thereof as shall not exceed $5000 in value.
4368. _Vermont._--The homestead of every housekeeper, or head of a
family, to the value of $500, and the yearly products thereof.
4369. _Massachusetts._--The lot and buildings thereon occupied as a
residence, to the value of $5000.
4370. _New York._--The lot and buildings thereon occupied as a
residence, to the value of $5000.
4371. _Maryland._--All real estate acquired by marriage during the
life of a wife, from execution for debt of husband.
4372. _Georgia._--Twenty acres of land, including dwelling and
improvements, not to exceed $200; and the additional amount of five
acres for each child under fifteen years of age.
4373. _Florida._--Forty acres of land, when not in any town or city,
and provided such does not exceed in value $400.
4374. _Alabama._--Forty acres of land to every farmer; and to every
housekeeper, residing in a town or city, a house and lot not to
exceed $3000 in value.
4375. _Texas._--Two hundred acres of land (when not in any town
lots), not to exceed $2000 in value.
4376. _Ohio._--Every family a homestead not to exceed $500 in value.
4377. _Michigan._--Forty acres, with dwelling-house and appurtenance,
when not in town or city; if in town or city, a lot or dwelling-house
not to exceed in value $1500.
4378. _Illinois._--Lot of ground and building occupied as a
residence, not exceeding in value $1000.
4379. _Iowa._--Forty acres of land, not in town or city, or a town or
city lot not exceeding in amount one-fourth of an acre.
4380. _California._--The homestead, consisting of a quantity of land,
together with the dwelling-house thereon and its appurtenances, and
not exceeding in value the sum of $5000.
4381. _New Jersey._--A homestead to each head of a family, being the
family residence, to the value of $500; not to be assets in the hands
of an administrator, but to remain for the benefit of the widow, and
until the maturity of the minor child.
4382. _South Carolina._--A homestead of fifty acres of land,
including the dwelling-house and appurtenances, not to exceed $500 in
value, and to extend to any property situated within the limits of
any city or town corporate.
4383. _Arkansas_ has an homestead exemption.
4384. _Pennsylvania._--The amount of $300, in real or personal
property.
4385. Other States may have exemption laws, but I have not found any
record.
4386. _Naturalization Laws._--Congress alone has power to make or
regulate the laws of naturalization.
4387. An alien must renounce, in court, allegiance, &c., to any
foreign power, and declare his intention of becoming a citizen
at least two years before admission. Must swear to support the
Constitution, renounce any hereditary title or order of nobility, and
must have resided five years in the country, and satisfy the court
that he has behaved as a man of good moral character, attached to
the principles of the Constitution of the United States, and well
disposed to the good order and happiness of the same.
4388. Children of naturalized citizens, if under twenty-one years of
age at the time of their parents' naturalization, shall, if dwelling
in the United States, be considered as citizens. An alien, having
declared his intention, and dying before he was naturalized, his
widow and children, on taking the oaths prescribed, shall be entitled
to all the rights of citizenship.
4389. _Receipts._--A receipt is not conclusive evidence of payment,
but it throws the burden of proof upon him who attempts to impeach it.
4390. Receipts may be either in full of all demands, for a special
account, in part payment of an account, or for a special purpose.
4391. The arrangement of the wording of a receipt is not important,
if the object and time be distinctly stated in it.
4392. A general receipt "in full of all demands" is a discharge of
all debts except special debts under seal.
4393. The legality of signatures in pencil has ever been questioned.
4394. Account books, notes or receipts, written in pencil, would not
be respected in any law court.
4395. In those States in which exemption laws are enforced, the
drawer of a promissory note may expressly waive all right of benefit
from those laws. Conditions which the subscriber may add to a "note
of promise," if accepted by the receiver, holds good in every State,
unless they directly contravene local laws.
PHRENOLOGY.
4396. The word is derived from two Greek words, signifying _mind_ and
_doctrine_ or _discourse_.
4397. _Phrenology_ designates that system of mental philosophy which
treats of the special manifestation of minds.
4398. _Phrenology_ teaches that the faculties of the mind have, each
one, its special organ or place in the brain; and that these organs,
in their aggregate, constitute the brain. Therefore the brain is the
organ of the mind.
4399. _Powers of Mind._--These are manifested by the size
and developments of the brain--when temperament, health, and
opportunities are equal.
4400. The size of each organ measures the power of the faculty which
is exercised by means of it.
4401. Each organ desires its own active gratification in proportion
to its development, the larger controlling the smaller.
4402. This is a brief outline of the science or study. The general
principles are, more or less, interwoven into our literature, and
influence our systems of education; therefore the following may be
found interesting and curious, if not useful.
4403. _Heads_:--
[Illustration: (The 35 regions in the brain.)]
4404. _Faculties of the Mind._
4405. _Of the Feelings or Affective Faculties_, usually styled
_propensities_.
4406. _Alimentativeness_--Gives appetite for food. It has been
a question whether this organ was in the brain or the stomach,
therefore it is not numbered on the head.
4407. 1. _Amativeness_--Produces sexual love, desire, physical love.
4408. 2. _Philoprogenitiveness_--Love of children and young beings.
4409. 3. _Concentrativeness_--Continues the mind on emotion or ideas.
4410. 4. _Adhesiveness_--Friendship, sociability, attachment
generally.
4411. 5. _Combativeness_--Courage, opposition, intrepidity,
quarrelsomeness.
4412. 6. _Destructiveness_--Desire to destroy, torment; harshness,
cruelty.
4413. 7. _Secretiveness_--Concealment, prudence, cunning, hypocrisy.
4414. 8. _Acquisitiveness_--Desire to acquire property; avarice,
selfishness.
4415. 9. _Constructiveness_--Mechanical genius, desire to build.
SENTIMENTS--INFERIOR AND SUPERIOR.
4416. 10. _Self-Esteem_--Self-respect, personal dignity, pride,
haughtiness.
4417. 11. _Approbativeness_--Thirst for praise, fame, or glory;
ambition, vanity.
4418. 12. _Cautiousness_--Circumspection, timidity, fear, despondency.
4419. 13. _Benevolence_--Universal charity, mildness of disposition.
4420. 14. _Veneration_--Reverence, superstitious adoration, bigotry.
4421. 15. _Firmness_--Determination, perseverance, obstinacy,
resolution.
4422. 16. _Conscientiousness_--Love of truth, sense of justice, duty.
4423. 17. _Hope_--Expects future good; cherishes faith, love of
scheming.
4424. 18. _Wonder_--Desire of novelty, belief in the supernatural.
4425. 19. _Ideality_--Love of the beautiful, or excellent, poetic
feeling.
4426. 20. _Mirthfulness_--Wit, humor, glee, love of the ludicrous.
4427. 21. _Imitation_--Expression in arts, or action; mimicry.
INTELLECT, OR KNOWING AND REFLECTING FACULTIES.
4428. 22. _Individuality_--Observes existences, simple facts.
4429. 23. _Form_--Observes configuration and the shape of bodies
generally.
4430. 24. _Size_--Gives the idea of space, distance, dimension.
4431. 25. _Weight_--Perceives momentum, resistance, equilibrium.
4432. 26. _Coloring_--Gives perception of colors, and their harmonies.
4433. 27. _Locality_--Gives the idea of relative position, place.
4434. 28. _Number_--Talent for calculation, quickness in figures.
4435. 29. _Order_--Communicates the love of physical arrangement.
4436. 30. _Eventuality_--Observes and remembers occurrences and
events.
4437. 31. _Time_--Perceives duration in nature, time in music.
4438. 32. _Tune_--Sense of musical harmony, melody.
4439. 33. _Language_--Verbal memory, fluency in speech or writing.
4440. 34. _Comparison_--Discovers analogies and differences.
4441. 35. _Causality_--Traces the relation of cause and effect.
4442. _Memory_ is merely a degree of activity of the knowing and
reflecting organs, each organ enabling the mind to recall the
impressions which it served at first to receive.
4443. _Judgment_ is the decision of 34 and 35 upon feelings and ideas
furnished by the other faculties.
4444. The faculties, in themselves, are instructive; the moral
sentiments and intellect being higher than the animal propensities.
4445. _Temperaments._--These are four in number, viz:--The _Nervous_,
the _Bilious_, the _Sanguine_, and the _Lymphatic_.
4446. The _Nervous_ temperament is known by the person having fine,
thin hair, usually brown; thin, pale or fair skin; gray or dark blue
eyes; small muscles. Very active.
4447. The _Bilious_ temperament has black hair and eyes, dark or
swarthy skin, firm muscles, strong features, and great energy of will.
4448. The _Sanguine_ temperament is fair and florid; happy, healthy
countenance; handsome in youth, and hopeful in spirit always.
4449. The _Lymphatic_ temperament has soft fat muscles; pale or
bloodless complexion; slow and languid in action, and usually dull or
very easy in mind.
SYNOPSIS OF AMERICAN HISTORY.
4450. Showing the year in which each State was settled, by what
people, the number of square miles, and the capital of each State,
etc.
4451. _Maine._--Settled 1630, by English; 36,000 square miles;
capital, Augusta; admitted into the Union 1820.
4452. _New Hampshire._--Settled 1623, by English; 9,500 square miles;
capital, Concord; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4453. _Massachusetts._--Settled 1620, by English; 7,500 square miles;
capital, Boston; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4454. _Vermont._--Settled 1749, by English; square miles, 10,200;
capital, Montpelier; admitted into the Union 1791.
4455. _Rhode Island._--Settled 1636, by English; 1350 square miles;
capital, Providence and Newport; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4456. _Connecticut._--Settled 1633, by English; 4,760 square miles;
capital, Hartford and New Haven; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4457. _New York._--Settled 1614, by Dutch; square miles, 46,000;
capital, Albany; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4458. _New Jersey._--Settled 1624, by Dutch and Danes; square miles,
8,300; capital, Trenton; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4459. _Pennsylvania._--Settled 1682, by English; square miles,
44,000; capital, Harrisburg; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4460. _Delaware._--Settled 1627, by Swedes and Finns; square miles,
2100; capital, Dover; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4461. _Maryland._--Settled 1634, by English; square miles, 14,000;
capital, Annapolis; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4462. _Virginia._--Settled 1607, by English; square miles, 64,000;
capital, Richmond; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4463. _North Carolina._--Settled 1650, by English; square miles,
48,000; capital, Raleigh; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4464. _South Carolina._--Settled 1689, by English; square miles,
24,000; capital, Columbus; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4465. _Georgia._--Settled 1733, by English; square miles, 60,000;
capital, Milledgeville; one of the "Old Thirteen."
4466. _Florida._--For near two hundred years under Spain, was ceded
to the United States in 1819, and the East and West formed one
territory in 1822; St. Augustine is the oldest town in the United
States; Tallahasse is the capital; Pensacola, U. S. naval station.
Admitted into the Union 1845.
4467. _Ohio._--Settled 1788, by English; square miles, 39,000;
capital, Columbus; admitted into the Union 1802.
4468. _Indiana._--Settled 1730, by French; square miles, 36,000;
capital, Indianapolis; admitted into the Union 1816.
4469. _Illinois._--Settled 1749, by French; square miles, 52,000;
capital, Springfield; admitted into the Union 1818.
4470. _Missouri._--Settled 1763, by French; square miles, 60,000;
capital, Jefferson city; admitted into the Union 1821.
4471. _Michigan._--Settled 1670, by French; square miles, 65,000;
capital, Lansing; admitted into the Union 1836.
4472. _Iowa._--Settled by emigrants from other of the United States
and Germans; square miles, 150,000; capital, Iowa city; admitted into
the Union 1846.
4473. _Wisconsin._--Settled by emigrants chiefly from New England and
Europe; square miles, 80,000; capital, Madison; admitted into the
Union 1848.
4474. _Alabama._--Settled 1713, by French; square miles, 44,000;
capital, Montgomery; admitted into the Union 1819.
4475. _Mississippi._--Settled 1716, by French; square miles, 45,000;
capital, Jackson; admitted into the Union 1817.
4476. _Louisiana._--Settled 1699, by French; square miles, 48,000;
capital, Baton Rouge; admitted into the Union 1811.
4478. _Texas._--Settled 1692, by Spanish; square miles, 240,000;
settled by Americans 1821; capital, Austin; admitted into the Union
1845.
4479. _Arkansas._--Settled by French from Louisiana, and formed part
of Missouri in 1819; square miles, 57,000; capital, Little Rock;
admitted into the Union 1836.
4480. _Tennessee._--Settled 1765, by English; square miles, 40,000;
capital, Nashville; admitted into the Union 1796.
4481. _Kentucky._--Settled by Virginians; square miles, 42,000;
capital, Frankfort; admitted into the Union 1792.
4482. _California._--Settled 1769, by Spaniards; ceded to the United
States by Mexico, 1848; square miles, 188,000; capital, Sacramento;
admitted into the Union 1850.
4483. _Territories of the United States._
4484. _Oregon Territory._--Beyond the Rocky Mountains; settled by
emigrants from the States; will soon be admitted into the Union;
capital, Oregon city; square miles over 300,000.
4485. _Minnesota Territory._--Settled by emigrants from the older
States; capital, St. Paul; will soon be admitted into the Union.
4486. _Utah Territory._--Settled by Mormons; capital, Salt Lake city;
not to be admitted into the Union with its present institutions.
4487. _New Mexico Territory._--Settled by Spaniards; ceded to the
United States 1849; capital, Santa Fe; will probably soon be admitted
into the Union.
4488. _Washington Territory._--Settled by English; square miles,
257,000; capital, Puget's Sound; very few American settlers.
4489. _Kansas Territory._--Settled by emigrants chiefly from Missouri
and the New England States; capital, Lecompton; will soon be admitted
into the Union.
4490. _Nebraska Territory._--Settled by emigrants from the older
States; capital, Omaha city.
WORDS OF WASHINGTON.
4491. The following rules were found among the early papers of this
great hero, patriot and statesman. He wrote them when, probably,
about fourteen or fifteen years of age.
4492. As these rules were a guide to him, evidently shown in his life
and character, so may they influence the conduct of Young America.
4493. Rules of civility and decent behavior in company and
conversation, written by GEORGE WASHINGTON.
4494. Every action in company ought to be with some sign of respect
to those present.
4495. Be no flatterer; neither play with any one that delights not to
be played with.
4496. Read no letters, books, or papers in company; but when there
is a necessity for doing it, you must ask leave. Come not near the
books or writings of any one so as to read them, unless desired, nor
give your opinion of them unasked; also look not nigh when another is
writing a letter.
4497. Let your countenance be pleasant, but in serious matters
somewhat grave.
4498. Show not yourself glad at the misfortune of another, though he
were your enemy.
4499. When you meet with one of greater quality than yourself, stop
and retire, especially if it be at a door or any strait place, to
give way for him to pass.
4500. They that are in dignity, or in office, have in all places
precedency; but whilst they are young they ought to respect those
that are their equals in birth, or other qualities, though they have
no public charge.
4501. It is good manners to prefer them to whom we speak before
ourselves, especially if they be above us, with whom in no sort we
ought to begin.
4502. Let your discourse with men of business be short and
comprehensive.
4503. In visiting the sick, do not presently play the physician, if
you be not knowing therein.
4504. In writing, or speaking, give to every person his due title,
according to his degree and the custom of the place.
4505. Strive not with your superiors in argument, but always submit
your judgment to others with modesty.
4506. Undertake not to teach your equal in the art he himself
professes; it savors of arrogance.
4507. When a man does all he can, though it succeeds not well, blame
not him that did it.
4508. Being to advise or reprehend any one, consider whether it ought
to be in public or in private; presently or at some other time; in
what terms to do it; and in reproving show no signs of choler, but do
it with sweetness and mildness.
4509. Take all admonitions thankfully, in what time or place soever
given; but afterward, not being culpable, take a time or place
convenient to let him know it that gave them.
4510. Mock not, nor jest at any thing of importance; break no jests
that are sharp-biting; and if you deliver any thing witty and
pleasant, abstain from laughing thereat yourself.
4511. Wherein you reprove another, be unblamable yourself; for
example is more prevalent than precepts.
4512. Use no reproachful language against any one, neither curse nor
revile.
4513. Be not hasty to believe flying reports to the disparagement of
any.
4514. In your apparel be modest, and endeavor to accommodate nature
rather than to procure admiration; keep to the fashion of your
equals, such as are civil and orderly with respect to times and
places.
4515. Associate yourselves with men of good quality, if you esteem
your own reputation, for it is better to be alone than in bad company.
4516. Be not immodest in urging your friend to discover a secret.
4517. Utter not base or frivolous things amongst grave and learned
men; nor very difficult questions or subjects among the ignorant; nor
things hard to be believed.
4518. Speak not of doleful things in time of mirth, nor at the table;
speak not of melancholy things, as death, and wounds; and if others
mention them, change, if you can, the discourse. Tell not your dreams
but to your intimate friend.
4519. Break not a jest where none takes pleasure in mirth; laugh
not aloud, nor at all without occasion. Deride no man's misfortune,
though there seem to be some cause.
4520. Speak not injurious words neither in jest nor earnest; scoff at
none, although they give occasion.
4521. Be not forward, but friendly and courteous; the first to
salute, hear, and answer; and be not pensive when it is a time to
converse.
4522. Detract not from others, neither be excessive in commending.
4523. If two contend together, take not the part of either
unconstrained, and be not obstinate in your own opinion; in things
indifferent, be of the major side.
4524. Think before you speak; pronounce not imperfectly, nor bring
out your words too hastily, but orderly and distinctly.
4525. When another speaks, be attentive yourself, and disturb not the
audience. If any hesitate in his words, help him not, nor prompt him
without being desired; interrupt him not, nor answer him till his
speech be ended.
4526. Make no comparisons; and if any of the company be commended for
any brave act of virtue, commend not another for the same.
4527. Be not apt to relate news, if you know not the truth thereof.
In discoursing of things you have heard, name not your author always.
A secret discover not.
4528. Undertake not what you cannot perform, but be careful to keep
your promise.
4529. In disputes be not so desirous to overcome as not to give
liberty to each one to deliver his opinion, and submit to the
judgment of the major part, especially if they are judges of the
dispute.
4530. Speak not evil of the absent, for it is unjust.
4531. Be not angry at table, whatever happens; and if you have reason
to be so, show it not; put on a cheerful countenance, especially if
there be strangers, for good humor makes one dish of meat a feast.
4532. When you speak of God, or his attributes, let it be seriously
in reverence. Honor and obey your natural parents, although they be
poor.
4533. Let your recreations be manful, not sinful.
4534. Labor to keep alive in your breast that little spark of
celestial fire called conscience.
USEFUL FAMILY TABLES.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
4535. A--_Measure of Length._
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| 12 Inches = 1 Foot, |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| 3 Feet " 1 Yard, |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| 5½ Yards " 1 Rod, or Pole, |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| 40 Poles " 1 Furlong, |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| 8 Furlongs " 1 Mile, |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| 69-1/51 Miles " 1 Degree of Great Circle of Earth. |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
4536. An inch is the smallest lineal measure to which a name is
given, but subdivisions are used for many purposes. Among mechanics
the inch is commonly divided into _eighths_. By the officers of the
revenue, and by scientific persons, it is divided into _tenths_,
_hundredths_, &c. Formerly it was made to consist of twelve parts
called lines.
4537. B.--_Particular Measures of Length._
+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
| A Nail = 2¼ inches | } |
+-------------------------------------| } |
| Quarter " 4 Nails | } Used for measuring Cloth |
+-------------------------------------| } of all kinds. |
| Yard " 4 Quarters | } |
+-------------------------------------| } |
| Ell " 5 Quarters | } |
+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Hand " 4 Inches, used for the height of Horses. |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Fathom " 6 Feet, used in measuring depths |
+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
| | } Used in Land Measure to |
| Link " 7 In. 92 hdths. | } facilitate computation of |
+-------------------------------------| } content, 10 sq. chains |
| Chain " 100 Links | } being equal to an acre. |
+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
4538. C.--_Measure of Surface._
+---------------------------------------+
| 144 Square Inches = 1 Square Foot |
+---------------------------------------+
| 9 Square Feet " 1 Square Yard |
+---------------------------------------+
| 30¼ Square Yards " 1 Perch, or Rod |
+---------------------------------------+
| 40 Perches " 1 Rood |
+---------------------------------------+
| 4 Roods " 1 Acre |
+---------------------------------------+
| 640 Acres " 1 Square Mile. |
+---------------------------------------+
4539. D.--_Measures of Solidity and Capacity._
DIVISION I.--SOLIDITY.
+------------------------------------+
| 1728 Cubic Inches = 1 Cubic Foot |
+------------------------------------+
| 27 Cubic Feet " 1 Cubic Yard |
+------------------------------------+
DIVISION II.--CAPACITY.
+-------------------------------------------------------+
|4 Gills = 1 Pint = 34⅔ cubic inches nearly.|
+-------------------------------------------------------+
|2 Pints " 1 Quart " 69½ " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
|4 Quarts " 1 Gallon " 277¼ " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
|2 Gallons " 1 Peck " 554½ " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
|8 Gallons " 1 Bushel " 2218¼ " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
|8 Bushels " 1 Quarter " 10¼ cubic feet nearly. |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
|5 Quarters " 1 Load " 51½ " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
4540. The four last denominations are used for dry goods only.
For liquids several denominations have been heretofore adopted,
viz.:--for Beer, the Firkin of 9 gallons, the Kilderkin, of 18, the
Barrel, of 36, the Hogshead, of 54, and the Butt, of 108 gallons.
These will probably continue to be used in practice. For Wine and
Spirits, there are the Anker, Runlet, Tierce, Hogshead, Puncheon,
Pipe, Butt, and Tun; but these may be considered rather as the
names of the casks in which such commodities are imported, than as
expressing any definite number of gallons. It is the practice to
gauge all such vessels, and to charge them according to their actual
content.
4541. Flour is sold nominally by measure, but actually by weight,
reckoned at 7 lbs. Avoirdupois to a gallon.
4542. E.--_Measure of Avoirdupois Weight._
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| 27-11/32 Grains = 1 Dram = 27-11/32 grains |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| 16 Drams " 1 Ounce " 437½ " |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| 16 Ounces " 1 Pound (lb.) " 7000 " |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| 28 Pounds " 1 Quarter (qr.) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| 4 Quarters " 1 Hundred-weight (cwt.) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| 20 Cwt. " 1 Ton. |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
This weight is used in almost all commercial transactions, and in the
common dealings of life.
+---------------------------------------------+
| A Firkin of Butter 56 lb. |
+---------------------------------------------+
| ---- Soap 64 " |
+---------------------------------------------+
| A Barrel of Anchovies 30 " |
+---------------------------------------------+
| A Barrel of Soap 256 lb. |
+---------------------------------------------+
| ---- Raisins 112 " |
+---------------------------------------------+
| A fother of Lead 19½ cwt. |
+---------------------------------------------+
4543. F.--_Measures of Pounds._
The following table of the number of pounds of various articles to a
bushel, may be of interest to some of our farming friends.
+------------------------------------------+
| Wheat 60 lbs. is 1 bus. |
+------------------------------------------+
| Shelled Corn 46 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Corn in cob 70 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Oats 35 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Barley 48 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Potatoes 60 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Beans 60 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Bran 20 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Clover Seed 60 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Timothy seed 45 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Flax Seed 56 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Hemp Seed 44 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Buckwheat 42 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Blue grass seed 14 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
| Castor Beans 46 " " |
+------------------------------------------+
4544. G.--_Measures for Housekeepers._[D]
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Wheat Flour, 1 lb. is 1 quart |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Indian Meal, 1 " 2 oz. " 1 " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Butter, when soft, 1 " " 1 " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Loaf Sugar, broken 1 " " 1 " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| White Sugar, powdered 1 " 1 oz. " 1 " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Best Brown Sugar, 1 " 2 oz. " 1 " |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Eggs, 10 eggs are 1 lb. |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Flour, 8 quarts " 1 peck. |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Flour, 4 pecks " 1 bus. |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
4545.[E] LIQUIDS.
+---------------------------------------------------+
| 16 large table-spoonsful are half a pint |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| 8 large table-spoonsful are one gill |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| 4 large table-spoonsful are half a gill |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| 2 gills are half a pint |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| 2 pints are one quart |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| 4 quarts are one gallon |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| A common-sized tumbler holds half a pint |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| A common-sized wine-glass holds half a gill |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| 25 drops are equal to one teaspoonful |
+---------------------------------------------------+
FOOTNOTES:
[A] "A Biographical Dictionary of Distinguished Women."
[B] The rural population of America is now over twenty millions.
[C] See "Mrs. Hale's New Cook Book."
[D] By the above method, persons not having scales and weights at
hand, may readily measure the articles wanted to form any receipt,
without the trouble of weighing. Allowance to be made for an
extraordinary dryness or moisture of the article weighed or measured.
[E] The Nurse will find this manner of measuring liquids very
convenient; to the housekeeper it will be of importance. A similar
"Table of Weights and Measures" is prefixed to the "_New Cook Book_;"
and to that work of mine the patrons of this "Receipt Book" are
referred for information on all matters of "household good," not
found, or not fully explained in this treatise. The two volumes are
intended as family companions, and will, I trust, be usually found
together.
S. J. H.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
A.
Abrasions of the skin, to prevent, 93
Absorbents, 544
Abstinence, 127
Accidents in open carriages, to avoid, 206
Accidents, prevention of, 460
Accomplishments, 385
Acids, 120
Acids, to restore color taken out by, 59
Acquaintances after marriage, 518
Agreeableness, 500
Agriculture, hints about, 265, 463
Agriculture, important fact, 266
Air, its effects on life, 676
Air, city, 678
Air, country, 677
Air-bath, 436
Alabaster, to clean, 31
Alabaster, marble, or stone, to stain, 417
Alcohol, 120
Alder, advantages of, 265
Alkalescent drinks, 242
Alkalies, 120
Alternatives, 544
Alum water, 389
Alum whey, 247
Ammonia, 120
Ammoniated anodyne, 550
Anagrams, 430
Anemones, to paint, 391
Anglo-Japanese work, 166
Animal food, 599
Anodyne and discutient, 550
Antidotes and poisons, 120
Ants, to destroy, 85
Ants and wasps, to destroy, 85
Aperient for children, 100
Aperients, gingerbread, 615
Aperient pills, 618
Apoplexy and fits, 570
Appetite, loss of, 374
Appetite, 553
Apples, to color, 390
Apples, to keep, 354
Apples, to preserve, 193
Apples for hogs, 470
Apple fritters, 331
Apple trees, 304
Apple water, 242
April, 183
April showers, 455
Arms and polished metal, to keep from rust, 24
Arnica, extract of, 115
Aromatic vinegar, 148
Arrow-root, 239
Arrow-root jelly, 240
Arsenic, 120
Arsenic, to detect, 192, 619
Artichoke, 476
Artificial flowers, 486
Arts, elegant and ingenious, 385
Ash color, 386
Asparagus, 476
Assafœtida, 553
Asses, to color, 390
Asthma, 385, 623
Asthma, to relieve, 103
August, 185
Authors, advice to, 659
Aviaries, 644
B.
Bacon in summer, 470
Baldness, to prevent, 611
Balls and evening parties, 509
Balls, to make breeches, 63
Balls for removing spots, to make, 63
Balsamics, 545
Baltimore oriole, 643
Bandages, 563
Bandages, circular, 564
Bandages, various, 565
Barn-floors, to make durable, 315
Bark, dog-wood, 243
Bark, wild cherry, 243
Barley water, 245
Bathe, time to, 539
Bathing, advantages of, 125
Baths and bathing, 124, 538
Bathing tubs, 539
Baths for children, 540
Baths, tepid and cold, 539
Bath, vapor, at home, 250
Batter, French, 332
Batter pudding, 332
Bay color, 386
Beans, 476
Beans, to color, 390
Bed, to heat, 439
Bed clothes, hints about, 17, 536
Bed furniture, &c., to wash, 51
Bed-room linen, 155
Bed-rooms, scouring, 10
Bed-rooms, to clean, 9
Beds making, &c., 254
Bee or wasp, sting of, 123
Beech-tree leaves, 17
Beef, as food, 365
Beef, essence of, 377
Beef, roasting, 600
Beer, 609
Beer, keeping, 258
Beer, to prevent growing flat, 350
Beer, to recover sour, 351
Beer, table, to make, 351
Bees, 467
Bees, to manage, 176
Bees, to preserve, 317
Bees, to remove, 316
Beetles, to destroy, 276
Beets, 476
Beets, &c., to preserve all winter, 273
Belladona, 120
Beverages, 608
Beverages, spring, 611
Bile, remedy for, 625
Bile and bilious complaints, 553
Bilious disorders, 625
Binding, 154
Birdlime, 644
Birds, 641
Birds, sick, 642
Birds, beasts, &c., to preserve, 317
Birds, shot, to preserve, 318
Birds in water colors, 392
Birth marks, 135
Biscuit, to preserve, 356
Biscuits, cheap ginger, 329
Biscuits, pic-nic, 328
Bite of venomous animals, 122
Biting the nails, 612
Black, to color, 362
Black paper for patterns, 170
Black reviver, 61
Black silk, to dip, 61
Blackberries, 247
Blacking, celebrated for boots, &c., 79
Blacking, good, 79
Blacking, liquid, 80
Blacking for leather seats, 22
Blankets, 155
Bleaching liquid, 626
Bleaching straw, 66
Bleeding at the nose, 95
Bleeding from a cut, to stop, 98
Blisters, to apply, 374
Blisters, management of, 113
Blond lace, 61
Blood, taking, 571
Blood, the, is the life, 127
Blue, light, 387
Boards, to give a beautiful appearance to, 13
Boards, to scour, 14
Boards or stone, to extract oil from, 13
Body in flames, 572
Boils, to cure, 109
Bone dust, 464
Bone or ivory, to stain, 417
Bonnets, straw, 66
Bonnets, straw and cheap, to dye, 77
Books and accounts, 213
Books, to preserve, 39
Books or prints, to clean, 39
Books, to choose, 383
Boots, 493
Boots and shoes, 489
Boots and shoes, to clean, 261
Boots and shoes, to prevent snow water, &c., 81
Boots, water-proof, 82
Boot tops, to clean brown, 80
Borax, uses of, 116
Borecole, 476
Botanical specimens, 408
Bottles, to cleanse, 31
Bottling, 340
Bowel complaints, 615
Bowels, pain in, 224
Braiding, 155
Brandied peaches, 320
Brandy and salt, 617
Brandy cherries, 320
Brass and copper, to clean, 26
Brass ornaments, to clean, 26
Bread, 590
Bread, cheap, 595
Bread, to discover if adulterated, 356
Bread, to keep, 593
Bread, Indian, 592
Bread, pulled, 594
Bread, rye and Indian, 593
Bread, unfermented, 336
Bread crumbs, white, 327
Bread, sippets of, 326
Bread-pans, to clean, 258
Bread poultice, 113
Breadths of light, 393
Breakfast, 368
Breakfast, making, 253
Breakfast, cold meats at, 253
Breakfast, neatness in, 252
Breakfast-room, work in, 252
Breath, for the, 103
Breath, bad from onions, 146
Breath, bad, remedy for, 119
Breath, offensive, 625
Brewing, cheap method of, 351
Brewis, 445
Brittannia, tins, &c., polishing paste for, 27
Brittannia, to clean, 27
Brocoli, 477
Bronzed chandeliers, &c., 438
Bruises or contusions, 115
Bruises and inflammations, 571
Bruise or sprain, 233
Brussels sprouts, 476
Budding, 480
Buckwheat, utility of, 269
Bugs, to destroy, 87
Bugs, 620
Bugs and worms, to destroy, 276
Building, 310
Buildings, to color, 393
Bulbous roots, 179
Bullfinch, 642
Bunion, inflamed, 618
Bunions, to cure, 97
Burning, to protect children from, 52
Burns, 109
Burns and scalds, 109, 110, 616
Burns, to cure, 442
Butter, 287, 357
Butter, hints about, 456
Butter, bad, 605
Butter, improved method, 288
Butter, to cure a bad tub of, 358
Butter, salt, to make fresh, 358
Butter or milk, to remove the taste of turnips from, 358
Butter as diet, 367
Butterflies and moths, 482
Butterfly's wings, to take impressions of, 169
C.
Cabbage, 477
Cabbage water, 258
Cake, common black, 596
Cake, composition, 596
Cake, loaf, 597
Cake, maize, 596
Cake, sponge, 597
Calcareous deposits in boilers, 620
Calico furniture, to clean, 10
Calico furniture, to wash, 51
Calves, to rear, 286
Calves' feet jelly, 376
Camera Lucida, a new, 169
Camphor mixture, 246
Camphorated ointment, 549
Canary birds, 175, 641
Canary, to teach to sing, 641
Cancer, 617
Candle, to make, &c., 35
Candle, blowing out a, 34
Candle snuffs, use of, 32
Candles, 439
Candles, economy in, 622
Candles, plain hints about, 34
Candles and lamps, 215
Candles and lamps, spurting, 450
Candlesticks, cleansing, 262
Cane-chairs, &c., to clean, 22, 439
Canker, or sore mouth, 232
Canker-worm, 484
Carbonic acid gas, 676
Carbuncles, 618
Cardinal Grosbeak, 642
Cardoon, 477
Carefulness, 211
Carminatives, 545
Carnations, laying, 293
Carpets, brown, green, and red, 449
Carpets, economy in, 449
Carpets, to beat, 11
Carpets, to clean, 10
Carpets, Turkey, to clean, 11
Carpets, to sweep, 447
Carpets, to wash, 362
Carriage, to clean, 44
Carriers, common, laws for, 683
Carrots, 447
Carrots, &c., to keep, 273
Carrots, utility of, 286
Carrot-seeds, &c., 271
Carvacrol for toothache, 94
Cashmere, to clean, 62
Casking, 339
Casks, to sweeten, 340
Cataplasm, alum, 238
Cataplasm, salt, 238
Caterpillars, to destroy, 195, 277, 278
Caterpillars, 274
Caterpillars, ants, &c., 86, 481
Cathartics, 545
Cats, 646
Cattle, 466
Cattle in winter, 289
Cauliflower, 477
Cautions, 203
Cautions in visiting the sick, 234
Celandine, 235
Celery, 477
Celery, essence of, 191
Celery, to keep, 355
Cellars and outhouses, 88
Cement and ground-glass imitation, 69
Cement, to resist fire and water, 69
Cement, bottle, 70, 71, 359
Cement, blood, 71
Cement, diamond, 71
Cement for metal and glass, 71
Cement for iron flues, 72
Cement for alabaster, &c., 72
Cement, strong, 73
Cerate of cantharides, 238
Ceremonies, 500
Cesspools, offensive, 679
Chalk mixture, 108, 246
Chalk ointment, 549
Chambers of the sick, to purify, 91
Chamomile flowers, 195
Chamomile tea, 117
Chamomile and orange peel, 243
Champagne, summer, 611
Change of apparel, 457
Charade, 658
Charcoal, 121
Charcoal, to prevent ill effects, 41
Charcoal, hints about, 460
Charcoal fumes, 437
Charcoal powder, 445
Charlotte Russe, 331
Cheap carpeting, 11
Cheerfulness, 212
Cheese, coloring for, 359
Cheese-curd, 329
Cherry-tree gum, 118
Cherries, to color, 390
Chervil, 477
Chess, laws of, 425
Chestnuts for dessert, 338
Chickens, to fatten, 201
Chicken water, 376
Chickweed or salad, 644
Chilblains, lotion for, 97
Chilblains, remedy for, 97
Chilblain liniment, 98
Children, amusement for, 665
Children, dress of, 662
Children, young, 217
Children, to arrange for, 253
Chimaphila, 549
Chimneys, fires in, 203
Chimneys, smoky, 313, 440
Chimneys, to sweep without children, 41
Chimneys, to color the backs of, 24
Chimneys, stone, to blacken, 24
China, to clean, 31
China, to mend, 69
China, to cement, 70
China and glassware, 462
Chinese method of mending china, 70
Chintz, to wash, 52
Chloride of lime, to use, 92
Chocolate, Iceland moss, 608
Choke damp, 679
Choking, 569
Cholera, prevention of, 556
Chowder, New England, 323
Church-yards, 234
Cider in bottles, to cork, 350
Cinnamon, 214
Cisterns, lead, 43
Cleanliness, 457
Cleanliness, effects on animals, 460
Cleanliness in houses, effect of, 460
Climate, 542
Cliver, to make, 375
Clocks, to oil, 439
Closets, to free from moths, 436
Cloth, &c., to paint, 177
Clothes, to brush, 440
Clothes, to prevent odor in, 441
Clothes bags, 157
Clothes lines, 263
Clothes posts, 88
Clothing for children, 218
Clouds, to color, 386, 393
Coach-wheels, 45
Coals, 216
Coal fire, to light, 40
Coat, white or drab, to clean, 62
Cockroaches, &c., to destroy, 85
Cocoa, 352
Cod-liver oil, 442, 612
Coffee, 189, 608
Coffee, Turkish method, 352
Coffee, substitute for, 352
Colds, 106, 231
Cold, effects of, 451
Cold, to remove, &c., 461
Colds, to avoid, 616
Cold in the head, 106
Cold cream, 135, 624
Colic in infants, 225
Cologne water, 146
Coloring clothing, 360
Coloring, general rules for, 362
Coloring for rooms, cheap, 36
Colors and complexions, 485
Colors, mixed, directions for, 386
Colors, water, 385
Colors, to prevent cracking, 388
Colors, most useful, 392
Colors for Grecian painting, 398
Color to silk, to restore, 441
Columbo root and ginger, 243
Combs, &c., to clean, 54
Complexion, 133, 625
Complexion, to improve, 132
Composition, blue, 360
Composition, to prevent iron, &c., from rusting, 24
Composition for washing in sea-water, 52
Composition for colored drawings, &c., 168
Composition, cheap and excellent, 315
Compresses, 562
Compresses, pierced, 563
Concussions, 569
Condiments, 368
Conduct, Mrs. Fry's rules of, 532
Contusions or bruises, 115
Conundrums, 430
Conversation, 526
Convulsions, 226
Cookmaid, duties of, 251
Cookmaid, of the, 251
Copper and brass, to clean, 26
Copper in liquids, to detect, 192, 619
Coral, artificial, 170
Cordial, julep, 247
Cordials, 545
Corks, improved, 70
Corn, 464
Corn, to feed, 470
Corn, to dry, 194
Corn, green, 337
Corn oysters, 337
Corn salad, 477
Corns on the feet, 96
Corns, to prevent, 96
Corns, to cure, 96
Corn solvent, 96
Corns, soft, to cure, 97, 615
Corns and warts, 96
Corpulence, 119
Corroborates, 547
Corrosive sublimate, 121
Costiveness, 373
Cotton, carded, 562
Cotton, to dye buff, 77
Coughs, for common, 105
Coughs, winter, 105
Cough and hoarseness, 105
Cough, white mixture for, 105
Cough, troublesome, 106
Coughs, children's, 106
Cough, hacking, 106
Cough, for a, 107
Cough syrup, 614
Counterpanes, to wash, 50
Court plaster, 136
Courtship and marriage, 511
Covers, hints about, 455
Cows, 469
Cows, feeding with sainfoin, 285
Cows, feeding with parsnips, 285
Cows, proper food for, 285
Cows, milch, 286
Cows, rules for milking, 287
Cows, to prevent bad habits, 288
Cows to milk, 200
Cramp, 100
Cramp in bathing, 611
Cramp and spasm, 374
Crape, black, to remove water stains from, 619
Cream, 357
Cream, substitute for, 190, 352, 608
Cream in long voyages, 192
Creosote, 121
Cress, 477
Crickets, to destroy, 85, 440
Crockery and glass, 33
Croup, 227
Crows, to keep from corn, 270
Crust, wine, 327
Crust in the tea-kettle, 438
Crystallization upon cinders, 424
Cucumbers, 295, 477
Cup cakes, 330
Curious facts, 659
Currants, green, to preserve, 355
Currant shrub, 342
Curry, to prepare a, 337
Curry, Lord Clive's, 338
Curry powder, 337
Cutaneous eruptions in children, 232
Cuts and wounds, 572
D.
Dairy, the, 357
Dairy, temperature for, 287
Damp walls, 16
Dampness in beds, 17
Dancing, 665
Dandelion, use of, 271
Dandelion, 549
Danger from fire, 203
Daughters, training of, 667
Deafness, 623
Deafness, temporary, 95
Decanters, to clean, 30
December, 186
Decoctions, 549
Dentition, 226
Dentifrice, a good, 137
Depilatory, 616
Diaphanic, 400
Diarrhea, 108
Diet for patients, 126
Dietetic maxims, 628
Dinner, 369, 606
Dinner parties, 507
Dinner, what plates for, 256
Dinner, directions for, 254
Dinner, serving up, 256
Dinner-hour, &c., 255
Dirt in the eye, 572
Discolorations of the skin, 93
Diseases of the skin, 457
Dishes, washing, 256
Dish-covers, cleansing, 259
Disinfecting liquid, 93
Dogs, pet, 645
Domestic hints, 462
Door, creaking, 468
Door-mats, cheap, 444
Door-plates, to clean, 28
Draining ponds, 377
Draughts, game of, 425
Drawing paper, 385
Drawings, to set pencil, 171
Drawings, wash for, 171
Dress, importance of, 484
Dress of ladies, 484
Dress of gentlemen, 492
Dress, print, to preserve color of, 53
Dress, faded, to bleach, 53
Dress, print, to wash, 52
Dresses, &c., to iron, 53
Dress-making, 635
Dressings, 560
Dressing-table, for the, 138
Drinks, 369
Drinks, alkalescent, 242
Drinks, nutritive, 244
Drinks, stimulating, 242
Drinks, summer, 610
Drinks, tonic, 243
Drinks for the sick, 241
Drowning, recovery from, 208, 209
Drowning, danger of, 206
Drowning, to rescue, 649
Drunkenness, 569
Dry rot, 309
Dry rot in timber, 309
Ducks, to fatten, 202
Ducks and geese, 201
Dyeing, 74, 423
Dyeing the hair, 613
Dyes, various, 75
Dysentery, 108, 373, 374
Dyspepsia bread, 335
E.
Eagles, to color, 390
Ear, diseases in, 94
Ear, pain in, 95, 615
Ear-ache, 85, 233
Ear, sore, 221
Early rising, 536
Earwigs, &c., in the ear, 95
Earwigs, &c., to destroy, 279, 482
Eat slowly, 368
Eau d'Ange, 149
Eau de Cologne, 146, 147
Ebony, imitation of, 36
Economical hints, 444
Economicals of cooking meats, 367
Economics, 334
Economy in expenditure, 212
Edgings, to plant, &c., 291
Edgings, box, to cut, 283
Eggs, 468
Eggs, dyeing, 424
Eggs in jaundice, 100
Eggs, to preserve, 191
Eggs of birds, to preserve, 169
Egg-plant, 478
Elder, good effects of, 274
Elder-flowers, 548
Elephants, to color, 390
Embankments, 266
Emblematic stones, 415
Embroidery, silk, 162, 163
Endive, 477
Enemas, 551
Enigmas, 656
Ermine and Miniver, to clean, 54
Eruptions, cutaneous, 555
Erysipelas, cure for, 99
Essences from flowers, 147
Etchings on glass, 415
Etiquette, rules of, 501
Evening pastime, 429
Exercise, 540
Extracts, 552
Eye, dirt or lime in, 572
Eye, iron or steel in, 572
Eye, black, to cure, 625
Eye, bruised to cure, 94
Eye, cold or inflammation in, 94
Eyes, sore, 221
Eye-water, 93, 618
Eye-brows, to darken, 130
F.
Fainting, or syncope, 234, 539
Fainting, remedy for, 99
Family at home, 590
Family tables, 699
Fard, 136
Farmers, hints to, 198, 464
Farms, small, 463
Feathers, to clean of their oil, 18, 423
Feathers and hair, to dye green, 77
Feathers, to dye, 405
Feathers, white, to clean, 441
Feather flowers, 403
Febrifuges, 547
Feet, 250
Feet, cold and damp, 104
Feet, frostbitten, 618
Feet, sore, 250
Feet, wet, 451
Feet, wounded, 233
Feet, to keep warm, 439
Felon, 109
Fences, 464
Fermentation, to check, 342
Fertilizing soils, 465
Fevers, 111
Fevers, cause of, 457
Fever and ague, 111
Fevers, beverage for, 112
Fever, scarlet, 112
Fever, yellow, 111
Fields, 464
Fig paste, 108
Figures, to color, 393
Figures, curious properties of, 679
Filtering bag, 341
Filth in streets, 458
Fire, preservation from, 203
Fire in chimneys, 203
Fire, means of extinction, 203
Fire, to escape from, 204, 438
Fire, to make water more efficacious, &c., 204
Fire, to extinguish speedily, 204
Fire, to escape from a house on, 205
Fire, clothing on, 205
Fire, horses from, 205
Fire, to make, 216
Fire, taking care of, 261
Fires, stoves, &c., 42
Fire, to revive a dull, 42
Fire-balls, 41
Fire-irons, to prevent rusting, 23
Fire-places, to improve, 313
Fire-screens, paper, 439
Fire-wood, 471
Fish, gold and silver, 176, 644
Fish as food, 365
Fish, Russian method of preserving, 318
Fishing-rods, to preserve, 378
Fits, 99
Flannels, to prevent shrinking, 48
Flannels, to scour, 48
Flannels, to wash, 48
Flat-irons, the hot, 450
Fleas, to drive away, 85
Fleas, &c., to destroy, 87
Fleas on dogs, 279
Flies, to destroy, 84, 437, 619
Flies, to keep off, 84, 443
Flies, to keep from drawings, 389
Floors, artificial stone, 310
Floor or oil-cloths, 12
Floor-cloths, to clean, 12
Flounces, 488
Flour, to test, 591
Flour, boiled, 240
Flour of brimstone, 612
Flowers, to paint, 391
Flowers, to preserve in water, 176
Flowers in winter, 175
Flowers, dried, 177
Flowers, faded, to revive, 177
Flowers, hints about, 179
Flowers, when to plant, 197
Flowers, 470
Flowers, sentiments of, 669
Fly, turnip, 464
Fly, water, 84
Fodder, 471
Folding and mangling, 263
Food for children, 219, 239
Food for the sick, &c., 239
Foot, rot in sheep, 290
Force, 393
Fowls, hints about, 468
Freckles, 132, 133
Freckles and sunburn, 134
French polish for boots, &c., 80
French polish for furniture, 19
French receipt for the skin, 134
Frost, to prevent injuring trees, 302
Fruits, 480
Fruits, to keep, 193, 484
Fruit trees and fruit, 484
Fruit trees, Chinese, &c., 302
Fruit trees infected with blight, 304
Fruit in water colors, 390
Fuel, economy in, 40, 447
Fungi, to preserve, 410
Furniture, to clean, 462
Furniture oil, 19
Furniture paste, 19
Furs, to clean, 442
Furs, to stretch, 443
Furs, to preserve, 443
Furs and woollens, to preserve, 78
G.
Game, to preserve, 318
Gardening, &c., 291, 472
Gargles, 107, 552
Gargle, common, 246
Gargle, detergent, 245
Gargle, rose, 245
Garlic, use of, &c., 279
Garlic, useful properties, 235
Gathering, &c., 153
Geese, Cobbett's method, 201
Geese, to color, 392
Gentian-root infusion, 244
Geraniums, 180
Gilding, to improve, 72
Gilding, oil and water, 168
Gilding, to preserve, &c., 18
Gilt or lacquered articles, to clean, 28
Gilt frames, 628
Ginger, to preserve, 319
Gingerbread, 330
Ginger cake, 596
Ginger snaps, 330
Glass vessels, to cleanse, 439
Glass, to break, 462
Glass or china, to pack, 628
Glass, to cut, 378
Glass, to remove crust from, 31
Glasses, to clean, 30
Glasses, to restore lustre of, 31
Glass stoppers, to loosen, 32, 620
Glass and crockery, 33
Glass, &c., to cement, 70
Glass jars, to make look like china, 155
Glazed vessels, 32
Gloves, light kid, to clean, 65
Gloves, kid, to clean, 627
Gloves, to clean, 65
Gloves, washing, 65
Gloves, thread, to wash, 50
Gloves, to dye, 76
Gloves, 489, 492
Glues, 67, 68
Glue paste, 620
Gold, to cleanse, 26
Gold chains, to clean, 71
Gossiping, 665
Gout and rheumatism, 105
Gout, rheumatism, lumbago, &c., 101
Grafting, 195, 480
Grafting, composition, for, 480
Grain, important discovery, &c., 271
Grain, to preserve, 272
Grain, musty, 464
Granaries, mites in, 272
Granaries, poplar, &c., 316
Grapes, to color, 390
Grapes, to keep, 192, 353
Grass, 471
Grass, to color, 393
Grass, rye, 267
Grass, striped, 267
Grasses and mosses, 424
Grates, to clean, 9
Gravel-walks, 292
Gravies, of using, 367
Grease or wax spots, 55
Grease from silks, 59
Grease or paint from cloth, 62
Grease from clothes, 435
Grease from books, 63
Grease from paper, 63
Grease from leather, 64
Grease for wheels, 470
Grecian painting, 397
Grecian varnish, 397
Green, a cheap, &c., 38
Green paint, 37
Green, to color, 361
Greenhouse, 291
Ground-glass, to imitate, 69
Grubs, 489, 492
Gruels, 241
Gruel, egg, 241
Gum-boils, 94
Gum-water, 619
Gutta-percha soles, 83
H.
Hail, 452
Hair, 128
Hair, new method for, 624
Hair, to dress, 489
Hair, curling fluid for the, 129, 130
Hair, to prevent falling out, 129
Hairs, to avoid grey, 129