Achilles was awarded to Ulysses, _Agam._ 210.
ALCESTIS, wife of Admetus, king of Pherae, for the preservation of
whose life she resigned her own, _Med._ 662.
ALCĪDES, see HERCULES.
ALCMĒNA (_Hercules Oetaeus_), wife of Amphitryon, a Theban prince,
beloved of Jupiter, and mother by him of Hercules, _H. Fur._ 22, 490.
See HERCULES.
ALCYONE, see CEYX.
ALTHAEA, wife of Oeneus, king of Calydonia, and mother of Meleager. In
revenge for the latter's slaughter of her two brothers, she burned the
charmed billet of wood on which her son's life depended, and so brought
to pass his death, _Med._ 779; on this account considered as a type of
unnatural woman, _H. Oet._ 954.
AMALTHĒA, the goat of Olenus which fed with its milk the infant Jove,
and was set as constellation in the sky; not yet known as such in the
golden age, _Med._ 313. See OLENUS.
AMAZONS, a race of warlike women who dwelt on the river Thermodon,
_Med._ 215; even they have felt the influence of love, _Hip._ 575;
conquered by Bacchus, _Oed._ 479; Clytemnestra compared to them,
_Agam._ 736; allies of Troy, _Tro._ 12; their queen, Penthesilea, slain
by Achilles, _ibid._ 243; Hercules laments that if he was fated to die
by a woman's hand he had not been slain by the Amazon, Hippolyte, _H.
Oet._ 1183. See ANTIOPE, PENTHESILEA, HIPPOLYTE.
AMPHĪON, son of Antiope by Jupiter, king of Thebes, and husband of
Niobe; renowned for his music; built the walls of Thebes by the magic
of his lyre, _Phoen._ 566; _H. Fur._ 262; his hounds are heard baying
at the time of the great plague at Thebes, _Oed._ 179; his shade arises
from hades holding still in his hand the wonderful lyre, _ibid._ 612.
AMPHITRYON (_Hercules Furens_), a Theban prince, husband of Alcmena,
the mother of Hercules, _H. Fur._ 309; he proves that not he but
Jupiter is the father of Hercules, _ibid._ 440; welcomes Hercules upon
his return from hades, _ibid._ 618.
ANCAEUS, an Arcadian hero, one of the Argonauts, slain by the
Calydonian boar, _Med._ 643.
ANDROMACHE (_Troades_), wife of Hector and mother of Astyanax; attempts
to hide and save her son from Ulysses, _Tro._ *430; given by lot to
Pyrrhus, _ibid._ 976. See ASTYANAX.
ANTAEUS, a Libyan giant, son of Neptune and Terra, a famous wrestler,
who gained new strength by being thrown to mother earth; strangled by
Hercules, who held him aloft in the air, _H. Fur._ 482, 1171; _H. Oet._
24, 1899; Alcmena fears that a possible son of his may come to vex the
earth, _H. Oet._ 1788. See HERCULES.
ANTIGONE (_Phoenissae_), the daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta; she
refuses to desert her father in his blindness and exile, _Phoen._ 51;
Oedipus wonders that such a pure girl should have sprung from so vile a
house, _ibid._ 80; she argues her father's innocence, _ibid._ 203.
ANTIOPE, an Amazon, wife of Theseus and slain by him, _Hip._ 226,
927, 1167; mother of Hippolytus by Theseus, _ibid._ 398; her personal
appearance and dress described, _ibid._ *398; her stern and lofty
beauty inherited by Hippolytus, _ibid._ 659.
ANTONIUS (Marc Antony), a great Roman general, defeated by Octavianus
at the battle of Actium; fled with Cleopatra to Egypt, _Oct._ 518.
APOLLO, son of Jupiter and Latona, born in Delos, a "roving land," _H.
Fur._ 453; twin brother of Diana, _Med._ 87; the laurel his sacred
tree, _Agam._ 588; god of the prophetic tripod, _Med._ 86; inspirer
of priestess at his oracle, _Oed._ 269; god of the bow, is himself
pierced by the arrows of Cupid, _Hip._ 192; killed the dragon Python,
_H. Fur._ 455; exiled from heaven and doomed to serve a mortal for
killing the Cyclopes, he came to earth and kept the flocks of Admetus,
king of Pherae, _ibid._ 451; _Hip._ 296; hymn in praise of, _Agam._
310; worshiped as the sun, lord of the sky, under the name of Phoebus
Apollo. See PHOEBUS.
AQUARIUS, the zodiacal constellation, known as the Water-bearer, _Thy._
865.
ARABES, the inhabitants of Arabia, famed for their spice groves, _Oed._
117; sun-worshipers, _H. Oet._ 793; use poisoned darts, _Med._ 711.
ARCTOPHYLAX, the Bear-keeper, a northern constellation, called also
Boötes, according as the two adjacent constellations are called
the Bears (_Arctos_, _Ursae_), or the Wagons (_Plaustra_). By a
strange mixture of the two conceptions, this constellation is called
_Arctophylax_ and _custos plaustri_ ("the wagon's guardian") in the
same connection, _Thy._ 874. See BOÖTES.
ARCADIANS, the most ancient race of men, older than the moon, _H. Oet._
1883; _Hip._ 786.
ARCADIAN BEARS, the constellations of the Great and Little Bears, which
wheel round their course in the northern sky, but do not set, _H. Fur._
129. See ARCTOS, BEARS, and CALLISTO.
ARCADIAN BOAR, captured by Hercules and brought alive to Eurystheus
as his fourth labor, _Agam._ 832; _H. Fur._ 229; _H. Oet._ 1536. See
HERCULES.
ARCADIAN STAG, captured by Hercules, _H. Fur._ 222. See HERCULES.
ARCTOS, a name given to the double constellation of the Great and
Little Bears, _Oed._ 507; called also Arcadian stars, _ibid._ 478. See
BEARS and CALLISTO.
ARGO, the name of the ship in which the Greek heroes under Jason sailed
to Colchis in quest of the golden fleece, _Med._ 361; chorus comments
upon the rashness of the man who first intrusted his life to a ship,
and recalls the adventure of the Argonautic heroes, _ibid._ *301; this
voyage was impious, since it broke the law of the golden age, that
the lands should be severed, not connected by the seas, _ibid._ 335;
Tiphys was the builder and the pilot of the Argo, _ibid._ 3, 318; he
was instructed by Minerva, patron goddess of the arts and crafts,
_ibid._ 3, 365; the Argo had its keel made of wood from the talking oak
of Dodona, _ibid._ 349; the sailing of the new ship described, _ibid._
*318; how it escaped the Symplegades, _ibid._ *341; the roll of the
Argonautic heroes, "the bulwark of the Greeks, the offspring of the
gods," _ibid._ *227; nearly all came to a violent death, _ibid._ *607.
ARGOS, the capital of Argolis, sacred to Juno, the home of heroes,
_Agam._ 808; paid homage to Bacchus, after the favor of Juno had been
won by him, _Oed._ 486.
ARIADNE, daughter of Minos, king of Crete; she fell in love with
Theseus, and supplied him with a thread by which to find his way out
of the labyrinth, _Hip._ 662; she fled with Theseus, but was ruined
and deserted by him on the island of Naxos, _ibid._ 665; and there
found and beloved by Bacchus, _Oed._ 448; who made her his wife and
immortalized her by setting her as a constellation in the heavens,
_ibid._ 497; _H. Fur._ 18; _Hip._ 663; pardoned by her father for her
love of Theseus, _ibid._ 245.
ARIES, the golden-fleeced ram which bore Phrixus and Helle through the
air, and which was afterward set in the heavens as one of the zodiacal
constellations, _Thy._ 850.
ASTRAEA, the goddess of Justice, who lived among men during the golden
age, but finally left the earth because of the sins of man, _Oct_.
424; she is the zodiacal constellation, Virgo, _H. Oet._ 69; called,
incorrectly and perhaps figuratively, the mother of Somnus, _H. Fur._
1068. See JUSTICE.
ASTYANAX (_Troades_), the young son of Hector and Andromache, pictured
as leading his youthful playmates in joyful dance around the wooden
horse, _Agam._ 634; compared with his father, Tro. 464; his death
demanded by the Greeks, as announced by Calchas, _ibid._ 369; reasons
for his death from the standpoint of the Greeks, _ibid._ 526; the doom
of Astyanax announced to his mother, _ibid._ 620; she pathetically
recounts all the activities into which he would have grown, but which
must now be given up, _ibid._ *770; his death described by messenger,
_ibid._ *1068.
ATLANTIADES, see PLEIADES.
ATLAS, a high mountain in the north-west of Libya, conceived as a giant
upon whose head the heavens rested, _H. Oet._ 12, 1599; eased awhile of
his burden by Hercules, _ibid._ 1905.
ATREUS (_Thyestes_), a son of Pelops, father of Agamemnon and Menelaüs,
and brother of Thyestes, between whom and himself existed a deadly
feud. He plans how he will avenge himself upon his brother, _Thy._ 176;
describes his brother's sins against himself, _ibid._ 220; his revenge
takes shape and expression, _ibid._ 260; the place and scene of his
murder of the sons of Thyestes described at length, _ibid._ *650; he
gloats over the horrible agony of his brother, _ibid._ 1057.
ATTIS, a young Phrygian shepherd, mourned by the priests of Cybele,
_Agam._ 686.
AUGE, an Arcadian maiden, loved by Hercules, and mother by him of
Telephus, _H. Oet._ 367.
AUGĒAN STABLES, the stables of Augeas, king of Elis, containing three
thousand head of cattle, and uncleansed for thirty years; they were
cleaned by Hercules in a single day, _H. Fur._ 247.
AUGUSTUS, the first emperor of Rome; his rule cited by Seneca to Nero
as a model of strong but merciful sway, _Oct._ *477; his bloody path to
power described by Nero, _ibid._ *505; deified at death, _ibid._ 528.
AULIS, a seaport of Boeotia, the rendezvous of the Greek fleet, whence
they sailed to Troy. Here they were stayed by adverse winds until they
were appeased by the sacrifice of Iphigenia, _Agam._ 567; Tro. 164; the
hostility of Aulis to all ships because her king, Tiphys, had met death
on the Argonautic expedition, assigned as a reason for her detention of
the Greek fleet, _Med._ 622. See IPHIGENIA.
B
BACCHUS, son of Jupiter and Semele, the daughter of Cadmus. The unborn
infant was saved from his dying mother who had been blasted by the
lightnings of her lover, _Oed._ 502; _Med._ 84; _H. Fur._ 457; to
escape the wrath of Juno, he was hid in Arabian (or Indian) Nysa,
where, disguised as a girl, he was nourished by the nymphs, _Oed._
418; in childhood captured by Tyrian pirates, who, frightened by
marvelous manifestations of divine power on board their ship, leaped
overboard and were changed into dolphins, _ibid._ *449; visited
India, accompanied by Theban heroes, _ibid._ *113; _H. Fur._ 903;
visited Lydia and sailed on the Pactolus, _Oed._ 467; conquered the
Amazons and many other savage peoples, _ibid._ 469; god of the flowing
locks, crowned with ivy, carrying the thyrsus, _ibid._ 403; _H. Fur._
472; _Hip._ *753; marvelous powers of the thyrsus described, _Oed._
*491; attended by his foster father Silenus, _ibid._ 429; called
Bassareus, _Oed._ 432; Bromius, _Hip._ 760; Ogygian Iacchus, _Oed._
437; Nyctelius, _ibid._ 492; destroyed Lycurgus, king of Thrace,
because of that king's opposition to him, _H. Fur._ 903; inspired his
maddened worshipers, the women of Thebes, to rend Pentheus in pieces,
_Oed._ 441, 483; helped Jupiter in war against the giants, _H. Fur._
458; found Ariadne on island of Naxos, where she had been deserted
by Theseus, made her his wife, and set her as a constellation in the
heavens, _Oed._ 488, 497; _Hip._ 760; _H. Fur._ 18; dithyrambic chorus
in his praise, giving numerous incidents in his career, _Oed._ **403;
won the favor of Juno and the homage of her city of Argos, _ibid._
486; gained a place in heaven, _H. Oet._ 94. See ARIADNE, BASSARIDES,
BROMIUS, NYCTELIUS, OGYGES, PENTHEUS, PROETIDES, SEMELE, SILENUS.
BASSARIDES, female worshipers of Bacchus, so called because they were
clad in fox skins, _Oed._ 432. Hence Bacchus was called _Bassareus_.
BEARS, the northern constellations of the Great and Little Bears;
they were forbidden by the jealous Juno to bathe in the ocean (an
explanation of the fact that these constellations never set), _H. Oet._
281, 1585; _Thy._ 477; _Med._ 405; have plunged into the sea under
the influence of magic, _ibid._ 758; shall some day, by a reversal of
nature's laws, plunge beneath the sea, _Thy._ 867; the Great Bear used
for steering ships by the Greeks, the Little Bear by the Phoenicians,
_Med._ 694. See ARCADIAN BEARS, ARCTOS, CALLISTO.
BELIAS, one of the Belides, or grand-daughters of Belus, the same as
the Danaïdes, since Danaüs was the son of Belus, _H. Oet._ 960.
BELLONA, the bloody goddess of war, conceived of as dwelling in hell,
_H. Oet._ 1312; haunts the palace of kings, _Agam._ 82.
BOEOTIA, land named from the heifer which guided Cadmus to the place
where he should found his city, _Oed._ 722.
BOŌTES, the northern constellation of the Wagoner, driving his wagons,
under which form also the two Bears are conceived, _Oct._ 233; _Agam._
70; unable to set beneath the sea, _ibid._ 69; not yet known as a
constellation in the golden age, _Med._ 315.
BRIAREUS, one of the giants pictured as storming heaven, _H. Oet._ 167.
BRISĒIS, a captive maiden, beloved by her captor, Achilles, from whom
she was taken by Agamemnon, _Tro._ 194, 220, 318.
_Britannicus_, son of the emperor Claudius and Messalina, brother
of Octavia, and stepbrother of Nero, by whom, at the instigation of
Agrippina, the mother of Nero, he was murdered, in order that Nero
might have undisputed succession to the throne, _Oct._ 47, 67, *166,
242, 269.
BROMIUS (the "noisy one"), an epithet of Bacchus, on account of the
noisy celebration of his festivals, _Hip._ 760.
BRUTUS, the friend of Julius Caesar, and yet the leader of the
conspirators against him, _Oct._ 498.
BUSĪRIS, a king of Egypt who sacrificed strangers upon his altars, and
was himself slain by Hercules, _Tro._ 1106, _H. Fur._ 483; _H. Oet._
26; Alcmena fears that a possible son of his may come to vex the earth
now that Hercules is dead, _ibid._ 1787.
C
CADMEÏDES, daughters of Cadmus, e. g., Agave, Autonoë, Ino, who in
their madness tore Pentheus in pieces, _H. Fur._ 758.
CADMUS, son of Agenor, the king of Phoenicia. Being sent by his father
to find his lost sister, Europa, with the command not to return unless
successful, he wandered over the earth in vain, and at last founded a
land of his own (Boeotia), guided thither by a heifer sent by Apollo.
Here he kills the great serpent sacred to Mars, sows its teeth in the
earth from which armed men spring up, _Oed._ **712; _H. Fur._ 917;
_Phoen._ 125; he was at last himself changed to a serpent, _H. Fur._
392; his house was cursed, so that no king of Thebes from Cadmus on
held the throne in peace and happiness, _Phoen._ 644.
CAESAR, Julius, quoted as a mighty general, unconquered in war, but
slain by the hands of citizens, _Oct._ 500.
CALCHAS (_Troades_), a distinguished seer among the Greeks before Troy;
his prophetic power described, _Tro._ *353; he decides that Polyxena
must be sacrificed, _ibid._ 360.
CALLISTO, a nymph of Arcadia, beloved of Jove, changed into a bear by
Juno, and set in the heavens by her lover as the constellation of the
Great Bear, while her son Arcas was made the Little Bear, _H. Fur._ 6;
is the constellation by which the Greek sailors guided their ships,
_ibid._ 7; called the frozen Bear, _ibid._ 1139. See JUPITER, ARCTOS,
BEARS.
CALPE, one side of a rocky passage rent by Hercules, thus letting the
Mediterranean Sea into the outer ocean. Calpe was one of the so-called
"pillars of Hercules," or Gibraltar, while the opposite mass in Africa
from which it was rent was called Abyla, _H. Fur._ 237; _H. Oet._ 1240,
1253, 1569.
CANCER, the zodiacal constellation of the Crab, in which the sun is
found in the summer solstice, _Thy._ 854; _Hip._ 287; _H. Oet._ 41, 67,
1219, 1573.
CAPHEREUS, a cliff on the coast of Euboea, where Nauplius lured the
Greek fleet to destruction by displaying false fires, _Agam._ 560. See
NAUPLIUS.
CAPNOMANTĪA, a method of divining by observation of the smoke of the
sacrifice, described, _Oed._ *325.
CASSANDRA (_Agamemnon_), beloved by Apollo, but false to him; for
this, the gift of prophecy bestowed by him was made of no avail by
his decree that she should never be believed, _Tro._ 34; _Agam._ 255,
588; given by lot to Agamemnon in the distribution of the captives,
_Tro._ 978; raves in prophetic frenzy and describes the murder of
Agamemnon in progress, _Agam._ *720; is led away to death, rejoicing in
the prospect, and predicting the death of Clytemnestra and Aegisthus,
_ibid._ 1004.
CASTOR, one of the twin sons of Jupiter and Leda, wife of Tyndarus,
king of Sparta; his brother was Pollux, _Phoen._ 128; Castor was the
rider of the famous horse, Cyllarus, given to him by Juno, _Hip._ 810;
the twins were members of the Argonautic expedition, _Med._ 230; called
Tyndaridae, from the name of their reputed father, _H. Fur._ 14; Castor
a famous horseman, Pollux, a famous boxer, _Med._ 89; the two were set
as constellations in the sky to the grief of Juno, _Oct._ 208.
CAUCASUS, a rough mountain range between the Black and Caspian Seas,
_Thy._ 1048; here Prometheus was chained, _H. Oet._ 1378; _Med._ 709.
See PROMETHEUS.
CECROPS, the mythical founder and first king of Athens; hence the
Athenians were called Cecropians, _Med._ 76; _Thy._ 1049.
CENAEUM, a promontory on the north-west point of the island of Euboea;
here Hercules sacrificed to Jove, who was called Cenaean Jove from
the position of his temple, after his victory over Eurytus, _H. Oet._
102; while sacrificing here, Hercules donned the poisoned robe sent by
Deianira, _ibid._ 782.
CENTAURS, a race of wild people in Thessaly, half man, half horse, _H.
Oet._ 1049, 1195, 1925; fight of, with the Lapithae, _H. Fur._ 778; the
centaur, Nessus, killed by Hercules, _H. Oet._ *503 See CHIRON, NESSUS.
CERBERUS, the monstrous three-headed dog, guardian of hades, _Thy._ 16;
_H. Oet._ 23; _H. Fur._ 1107; his existence denied, _Tro._ 404; said
to have broken out of hades, and to be wandering abroad in the Theban
land, _Oed._ 171; his clanking chains heard on earth, _ibid._ 581;
Hercules, in the accomplishment of his twelfth labor, brought the dog
in chains to the upper world, _H. Oet._ 1245; _Agam._ 859; _H. Fur._
*50, 547; Theseus describes the dog in great detail, and how he was
brought to the upper world by Hercules, _ibid._ *760; his actions in
the light of day, _ibid._ *813. See HERCULES.
CERES, the daughter of Saturn, sister of Jupiter, mother of Proserpina,
and goddess of agriculture; her vain and anxious search for her
daughter, _H. Fur._ 659; taught Triptolemus the science of agriculture,
_Hip._ 838; the mystic rites of her worship, _H. Fur._ 845. Her name
used frequently by metonymy for grain. See ELEUSIN, PROSERPINA,
TRIPTOLEMUS.
CEYX, king of Trachin who suffered death by shipwreck. His wife
Alcyone, mourned him incessantly, until finally both he and she were
changed into kingfishers, _H. Oet._ 197; _Agam._ 681; _Oct._ 7.
CHAONIAN OAKS, a sacred grove in Chaonia of Epirus containing a temple
and oracle of Jupiter, said to be the oldest oracle in Greece; the
oracle was supposed to be given out by the oaks themselves, which were
endowed with the miraculous power of speech, or by the doves which
resorted there. These great "Chaonian trees" are used as a type of tall
trees in general, _Oed._ 728; the "talking oak" of Chaonia, _H. Oet._
1623. See DODONA.
CHARON, the aged man who ferries souls across the river Styx, _H. Fur._
555; his personal appearance described by Theseus, _ibid._ *764; forced
by Hercules to bear him across the Lethe (not Styx), _ibid._ *770;
overwearied by his toil of transporting such throngs of Theban dead,
_Oed._ 166; charmed by the music of Orpheus, _H. Oet._ 1072; Cassandra
prophesies that his skiff shall on that day carry two royal souls
across the river of death, _Agam._ 752.
CHARYBDIS, a whirlpool between Italy and Sicily, opposite to Scylla,
alternately sucking in and vomiting up the sea, _Med._ 408; _H. Oet_.
235; _Thy._ 581. See SCYLLA.
CHIMAERA, a monster combining a lion, a dragon, and a goat, which
vomited forth fire, _Med._ 828.
CHIRON, a centaur dwelling in a cavern on Mt. Pelion, famous for his
knowledge of plants, medicine, and divination. To his training was
intrusted the young Jason, Hercules, Aesculapius, and Achilles, _H.
Fur._ 971; _Tro._ 832; set in the sky as the zodiacal constellation of
Sagittarius, the "Archer," _Thy._ 860.
CHRYSĒIS, the daughter of Chryses, a priest of Apollo at Chrysa. She
was taken captive by the Greeks and fell to the lot of Agamemnon, who,
being forced by a pestilence sent by Apollo to give her up, claimed
Briseïs, the captive maid of Achilles. Hence arose a deadly strife
between the two, _Tro._ 223. See ACHILLES.
CIRRHA, a very ancient town in Phocis, near Delphi, where were the
famous temple and oracle of Apollo, _Oed._ 269; _H. Oet._ 92, 1475.
CITHAERON, a mountain near Thebes where the infant Oedipus had been
exposed, _Phoen._ 13; the scene of many wild and tragic deeds. See
ACTAEON, AGAVE, DIRCE, PENTHEUS.
CLAUDIUS, the fourth Roman emperor, father of Octavia, murdered by his
second wife, Agrippina, _Oct._ 26, 45, 269.
CLOTHO, one of the three fates or Parcae, supposed to hold the distaff
and spin the thread of life, _H. Oet._ 768; _Oct._ 16; _Thy._ 617.
CLYTEMNESTRA (_Agamemnon_), the daughter of Tyndarus and Leda, wife
of Agamemnon, mother of Orestes, Iphigenia, and Electra. During the
absence of her husband at the Trojan War, she engaged in a guilty
conspiracy with Aegisthus to murder Agamemnon. She deliberates whether
she shall give up her course of crime or carry it out to the end,
_Agam._ 108; tests the courage and determination of Aegisthus _ibid._
239; her murder of Agamemnon prophesied and described by Cassandra,
_ibid._ *734. See AGAMEMNON and AEGISTHUS.
COCȲTUS, "the river of lamentation," a gloomy, repulsive river of
hades, _H. Oet._ 1963; "sluggish, vile," _H. Fur._ 686; conceived as
the river over which spirits cross to the land of the dead, _ibid._ 870.
COLCHIAN BULL, the fire-breathing monster which Jason was set to tame
and yoke to the plow; Medea claims to have preserved some of his fiery
breath for her magic uses, _Med._ 829.
COLCHIAN WOMAN, See MEDEA.
CREON (_Medea_), king of Corinth, to whose court Jason and Medea fled
after they were driven out of Thessaly; father of Creüsa, for whom
he selected Jason as a husband, decreeing the banishment of Medea;
headstrong and arbitrary, he breaks the most sacred ties to work his
own will, _Med._ 143; after a stormy interview with Medea, he finally
allows her a single day of respite from exile, _ibid._ *190; called the
son of Sisyphus, _ibid._ 512; his death and that of his daughter by
means of magic fire announced and described, _ibid._ *879.
CREON (_Oedipus_), a Theban prince, brother of Queen Jocasta, _Oed._
210; sent by Oedipus to consult the oracle as to the cause of the
plague at Thebes, he reports that it is because of the unavenged murder
of their former king, Laïus, _ibid._ *210; he returns from necromantic
rites which Tiresias had performed, and announces that Oedipus himself
is guilty of the murder of Laïus. He is thereupon thrown into prison by
Oedipus on the charge of conspiracy with Tiresias, _ibid._ *509; slain
by the usurper, Lycus, as described by his daughter, Megara, who had
been given as wife to Hercules, _H. Fur._ 254.
CRETAN BULL, a wild bull of prodigious size, which laid waste the
island of Crete; caught and taken alive to Eurystheus by Hercules as
his seventh labor, _H. Fur._ 230; _Agam._ 833; See HERCULES.
CREŪSA (_Medea_), daughter of Creon, king of Corinth, for whom Creon
chose Jason as husband, _Med._ 105; Jason's wife, Medea, bitterly
protests that Creüsa shall not bear brothers to her children, _ibid._
509; Jason is charged by his wife with love for Creüsa, _ibid._ 495;
Medea prepares a magic robe as a present for Creüsa by which she
shall be burned to death, _ibid._ *816; Creüsa's death announced and
described, _ibid._ 879.
CRISPĪNUS, a Roman knight, the husband of Poppaea, _Oct._ 731.
CUPID, the god of love, son of Venus; addressed and characterized by
Deianira, _H. Oet._ *541; all powerful over the hearts of gods and men,
_Hip._ *185; hymn recounting his wide sway, with special instances of
his irresistible power, _ibid._ **275; his dire power, _Oct._ 806;
there is no such god; he is created by the error of men, who seek to
hide their own lustful passions behind such a being, _ibid._ **557;
_Hip._ **275.
CYBELE, a goddess worshiped in the Phrygian groves, _Hip._ 1135; the
pines of Ida were sacred to her, _Tro._ 72; crowned with a turreted
crown, her worship described, _Agam._ 686.
CYCLOPES, a fabulous race of giants on the coast of Sicily, having each
but one eye in the middle of the forehead; they are said to have built
the walls of Mycenae, _H. Fur._ 997; _Thy._ 407; Polyphemus, one of the
Cyclopes, is pictured as sitting on a crag of Mt. Aetna, _ibid._ 582.
CYCNUS, a son of Mars, slain by Hercules, _H. Fur._ 485.
CYCNUS, a son of Neptune, slain by Achilles and changed at the moment
of death into a swan, _Agam._ 215; _Tro._ 184.
CYLLARUS, a famous horse which Juno received from Neptune and presented
to Castor, _Hip._ 811.
CYNOSŪRA, the constellation of the Lesser Bear, _Thy._ 872.
D
DAEDALUS, an Athenian architect, the father of Icarus, in the time of
Theseus and Minos. He helped Pasiphaë, wife of Minos, to accomplish her
unnatural desires, _Hip._ 120; built the labyrinth for the Minotaur,
_ibid._ 122, 1171; story of his escape from Crete on wings which he
himself had constructed _Oed._ *822; safe because he pursued a middle
course, _H. Oet._ 683.
DANAË, daughter of Acrisius, and mother of Perseus by Jupiter who
approached her in the form of a golden shower, _Oct._ 207, 772. See
PERSEUS.
DANAÏDES, the fifty daughters of Danaüs, brother of Aegyptus. These
fifty daughters, being forced to marry the fifty sons of Aegyptus,
slew their husbands on their wedding night, with the single exception
of Hypermnestra, _H. Fur._ 498; their punishment in hades for this
crime was the task of filling a bottomless cistern with water carried
in sieves, _ibid._ 757; Medea summons these to her aid in getting
vengeance upon her own husband, _Med._ 749; Deianira would fill up the
vacant place in their number left by the absence of Hypermnestra, _H.
Oet._ 948; called also Belides, _ibid._ 960. See BELIAS, HYPERMNESTRA.
DARDANUS, the son of Jupiter and Electra, one of the ancestors of the
royal house of Troy. He is represented as exulting in hades over the
impending doom of Agamemnon, the enemy of his house, _Agam._ 773.
DAULIAN BIRD, i. e., Philomela, who was changed into a nightingale
after the sad tragedy connected with her name, which was enacted at
Daulis, a city of Phocis. She mourns continually, in her bird form, for
Itys, _H. Oet._ 192. See PHILOMELA and ITYS.
DEIANĪRA (_Hercules Oetaeus_), the daughter of Oeneus, king of
Calydonia, sister of Meleager, wife of Hercules, and mother of Hyllus,
pictured as playing with her maidens on the banks of the Acheloüs, _H.
Oet._ 586; relates to her nurse the affair of her abduction by Nessus,
_ibid._ *500; her wild rage when she hears of Hercules' infatuation for
Iole, _ibid._ 237; ignorant of its real power, she prepares to send the
charmed robe to Hercules, _ibid._ *535; she gives it to Lichas to bear
to his master, _ibid._ 569; makes test of the remnant of the poisoned
blood of Nessus after the anointed robe has been sent away and is
horrified to discover its terrible power, _ibid._ *716; later learns
from Hyllus the terrible effects of the poison on Hercules, _ibid._
*742; she prays for death, _ibid._ 842; begs Hyllus to slay her,
_ibid._ 984; goes distracted and seems to see the furies approaching,
_ibid._ 1002; her death by her own hand reported by Hyllus, _ibid._
1420.
DEÏDAMĪA, daughter of Lycomedes, king of Scyros, and mother of Pyrrhus
by Achilles while the latter was hiding in the disguise of maidens'
garments at that court, _Tro._ 342.
DEÏPHOBUS, a son of Priam and Hecuba and husband of Helen after the
death of Paris; slain and mangled by the Greeks through the treachery
of his wife, _Agam._ 749.
DELOS, a small island in the Aegean Sea, formerly floating about from
place to place, in which condition it became the birthplace of Apollo
and Diana, _H. Fur._ 453; made firm at the command of Diana, _Agam._
384.
DELPHIC ORACLE, the famous oracle of Apollo at Delphi in Phocis;
expressed in enigmatic form, _Oed._ 214; the giving-out of an oracle
described, _ibid._ *225.
DEUCALION, son of Prometheus, husband of Pyrrha; this pair were alone
saved of all mankind from the flood, _Tro._ 1039. See PYRRHA.
DIĀNA, daughter of Jupiter and Latona; twin sister of Apollo, _H.
Fur._ 905; hymn in praise of, _Agam._ *367; caused her native Delos
to be a firm island, _ibid._ 369; punished Niobe for her impiety,
_ibid._ 375; conceived as in triple manifestation, _Luna_ or _Phoebe_
in heaven, _Diana_ on earth, and _Hecate_ in hades, _Hip._ 412; hence
called _Trivia_ and worshiped where three ways meet, _Agam._ 367;
Hippolytus prays to her as goddess of the chase, _Hip._ 54; her wide
sway described, ibid. *54; nurse of Phaedra prays that she may turn
Hippolytus to love, _ibid._ 406; in form of Luna, an object of attack
by Thessalian witchcraft, _ibid._ 421; being slighted by Oeneus, king
of Aetolia or Calydon, she sent a huge boar to ravage the country.
Hence Pleuron, a city of Aetolia, is said to be hostile to her, _Tro._
827.
DICTYNNA, "goddess of the nets," an epithet applied to Diana, _Med._
795; assumed from Britomartys, a Cretan nymph, sometimes called the
Cretan Diana, who, to escape from the pursuit of her lover, leaped over
a cliff into the sea, where she fell into a fishing-net.
DIOMĒDES, a bloody king of the Bistones, in Thrace, who fed his
captives to fierce, man-eating horses which he kept in his stalls, _H.
Oet._ 1538; _Tro._ 1108; Hercules, as his eighth labor, captured these
horses, having previously fed their master to them, _Agam._ 842; _H.
Fur._ 226, 1170; Alomena fears that she may be given to these horses
now that Hercules is dead, _H. Oet._ 1790. See HERCULES.
DIRCE, the wife of Lycus, king of Thebes, who, on account of her
cruelty to Antiope, was tied by her sons, Zethus and Amphion, by the
hair to a wild bull, and so dragged to death on Mt. Cithaeron, _Phoen._
19; changed to a fountain of the same name, _ibid._ 126; _H. Fur._ 916;
the water of this fountain was said to flow with blood at the time of
the great plague at Thebes, _Oed._ 177.
DISCORD, one of the furies, summoned by Juno from hades to drive
Hercules to madness, _H. Fur._ 93; her abode described, _ibid._ *93.
DODŌNA, a city of Chaonia in Epirus, famous for its ancient oracle of
Jupiter, situated in a grove of oaks. The oracle was given in some
mysterious way as if by the talking of these sacred oaks, _H. Oet._
1473; Minerva aided in the construction of the Argo, and set in the
prow a piece of timber cut from the speaking oak of Dodona, and this
piece had itself the power of giving oracles; hence the "voice" which
it is said that the Argo lost through fear of the clashing Symplegades,
_Med._ 349. See CHAONIAN OAKS.
DOMITIUS, the father of Nero, _Oct._ 249.
DRAGON, (1) the guardian of the apples of the Hesperides, slain by
Hercules, and afterward set in the heavens as the constellation, Draco,
lying between the two Bears, _Thy._ 870; _Med._ 694; (2) the dragon
of Colchis, guardian of the Golden Fleece, put to sleep by the magic
of Medea, _Med._ 703; (3) dragon sacred to Mars killed by Cadmus near
the site of his destined city of Thebes. The teeth of this dragon were
sown in the earth by Cadmus, and from these armed men sprung up, _Oed._
**725; _H. Fur._ 260; a part of these same teeth were sown by Jason in
Colchis with a similar result, _Med._ 469; the brothers who sprang up
against Cadmus are described as living in hades, _Oed._ 586.
DRUSUS, Livius, the fate of, _Oct._ 887, 942.
DRYADS, a race of wood-nymphs, _H. Oet._ 1053; _Hip._ 784.
E
ECHO, a nymph who pined away to a mere voice for unrequited love of
Narcissus. She dwells in mountain caves, and repeats the last words of
all that is said in her hearing, _Tro._ 109.
ELECTRA (_Agamemnon_), daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, and
sister of Orestes; gives her brother to Strophius, king of Phocis,
that he may be rescued from death at the hands of Clytemnestra and
Aegisthus, _Agam._ 910; defies her mother, and scorns both her threats
and those of Aegisthus, _ibid._ 953; is taken away to imprisonment,
_ibid._ 1000; Octavia compares her woes with Electra's, to the
advantage of the latter, _Oct._ 60.
ELEUSIN, an ancient city of Attica, famous for its mysteries of Ceres,
_H. Oet._ 599; _Tro._ 843; _H. Fur._ 300; _Hip._ 838; the celebration
of the mysteries described, _H. Fur._ *842. See CERES, TRIPTOLEMUS.
ELYSIUM, the abode of the blest in the spirit world, _Tro._ 159, 944;
_H. Oet._ 1916; _H. Fur._ 744; Deianira thinks that she should be
expelled from Elysium by all faithful wives, _H. Oet._ 956.
ENCELADUS, one of the giant Titans who attempted to dethrone Jove,
overthrown and buried under Sicily, _H. Fur._ 79; _H. Oet._ 1140, 1145,
1159, 1735.
ERIDANUS, the mythical and poetical name of the river Po, _H. Oet._
186. See PHAËTHONTIADES.
ERINYES, the furies, _H. Fur._ 982; _Med._ 952; _Oed._ 590; _Agam._
83; _Thy._ 251; _H. Oet._ 609, 671; _Oet._ 23, 161, 263, 619, 913. See
FURIES.
ERYX, the son of Butes and Venus, a famous boxer, overcome by Hercules,
_H. Fur._ 481; a mountain in Sicily, said to have been named from the
preceding, _Oed._ 600.
ETEOCLES (_Phoenissae_), one of the two sons of Oedipus and Jocasta.
After Oedipus went into voluntary banishment, abandoning the throne
of Thebes (_Phoen._ 104), Eteocles and Polynices agreed to reign
alternately, each a year. Eteocles, the elder, first ascended the
throne, but when his year was up refused to give way to his brother,
_Phoen._ 55, 280, 389. See POLYNICES.
EUMENIDES ("the gracious ones"), a euphemistic name for the furies, _H.
Fur._ 87; _H. Oet._ 1002.
EURŌPA, daughter of Agenor, king of Tyre, beloved of Jupiter, who, in
the form of a bull, carried her away to Crete, _Oct._ 206, 766; _H.
Oet._ 550; this episode is immortalized by the constellation of Taurus,
which rises in April, _H. Fur._ 9; sought in vain by her brother
Cadmus, _Oed._ 715; the continent of Europe named after her, _Agam._
205, 274; _Tro._ 896.
EURYBATES (_Agamemnon_), a messenger of Agamemnon who announces the
victory of the Greeks over Troy, and the near approach of the hero to
Mycenae, _Agam._ 392; he relates at great length the sufferings of the
Greek fleet by storm and shipwreck on the homeward voyage, _ibid._ *421.
EURYDICE, the wife of Orpheus, slain by a serpent's sting on her
wedding day; story of Orpheus' quest for her in hades, _H. Fur._ *569;
rescued by Orpheus from the lower world, but lost again, _H. Oet._
*1084. See ORPHEUS.
EURYSTHEUS, the son of Sthenelus and grandson of Perseus, who, by a
trick of Juno, was given power over Hercules, and, at Juno's instance,
set to Hercules his various labors, _H. Oet._ 403; _H. Fur._ 78, 479,
526, 830; lord of Argos and Mycenae, _ibid._ 1180; _H. Oet._ 1800; his
time of punishment will come, _ibid._ 1973.
EURYTUS, king of Oechalia and father of Iole, _H. Oet._ 1490; he and
his house destroyed by Hercules because he refused the latter's suit
for Iole, _ibid._ 100, 207, 221; _H. Fur._ 477. See HERCULES.
F
FESCENNINE, of Fescennia, an ancient town of Etruria, famous for a
species of coarse, jeering dialogues in verse which bear its name,
_Med._ 113.
FORTUNE, the goddess of fate, ruling over the affairs of men, _H. Fur._
326, 524; _Tro._ *1, *259, 269, 697, 735; _Phoen._ 82, 308, 452; _Med._
159, 176, 287; _Hip._ 979, 1124, 1143; _Oed._ 11, 86, 674, 786, 825,
934; _Agam._ 28, 58, 72, 89, 101, 248, 594, 698; _H. Oet._ 697; _Oet._
36, 377, 479, 563, 888, 898, 931, 962; _Thy._ 618.
FURIES, avenging goddesses, dwelling in hades, set to punish and
torment men both on earth and in the lower world; described and
appealed to for aid in punishment of Jason, _Med._ 13; Juno plots to
summon them from hades in order to drive Hercules to madness, _H.
Fur._ 86; described as to their horrible physical aspect, _ibid._ 87;
described in clairvoyant vision by Cassandra, _Agam._ *759; moving
in bands, _Thy._ 78, 250; _Med._ 958; one of the furies used as a
character in dramatic prologue, driving the ghost of Thyestes on to
perform his mission, _Thy._ *23. See EUMENIDES, ERINYES, MEGAERA,
TISIPHONE.
G
GEMINI, the zodiacal constellation of the Twins, Castor and Pollux,
_Thy._ 853.
GERYON, a mythical king in Spain having three bodies; Hercules slew
him and brought his famous cattle to Eurystheus as his tenth labor,
_H. Fur._ 231, 487, 1170; _Agam._ 837; _H. Oet._ 26, 1204, 1900. See
HERCULES.
GHOSTS. The ghost appears as a _dramatis persona_ in the following
plays: _Agamemnon_, in which the ghost of Thyestes appears in the
prologue to urge Aegisthus on to fulfil his mission; _Thyestes_,
in which the ghost of Tantalus similarly appears in the prologue;
_Octavia_, in which the ghost of Agrippina appears. In the following
plays the ghost affects the action though not actually appearing upon
the stage: _Troades_, in which the ghost of Achilles is reported to
have appeared to the Greeks and demanded the sacrifice of Polyxena, 168
ff.; Andromache also claims to have seen the ghost of Hector warning
her of the impending fate of Astyanax, 443 ff.; _Oedipus_, in which the
ghost of Laïus and other departed spirits are described as set free
by the necromancy of Tiresias, 582 ff.; _Medea_, in which the mangled
ghost of Absyrtus seems to appear to the distracted Medea, 963; ghosts
appear larger than mortal forms, _Oed._ 175.
GIANTS, monstrous sons of Earth, fabled to have made war upon the gods,
scaling heaven by piling mountains (Pelion, Ossa, and Olympus) one on
another, _Tro._ 829; _Thy._ 804, 810, 1084; _H. Fur._ 445; they were
overthrown by the thunderbolt of Jupiter, _H. Oet._ 1302; _Oed._ 91;
with the help of Hercules, _H. Oet._ 1215; buried under Sicily, _ibid._
1309; seem to the mad Hercules to be again in arms, and to be hurling
mountains, _H. Fur._ 976; after death of Hercules there is danger that
they will again pile up mountains and scale heaven, _H. Oet._ 1139,
*1151. See BRIAREUS, ENCELADUS, GYAS, MIMAS, OTHRYS, TYPHOEUS, TITANS.
GOLDEN AGE, the first age of mankind, when peace and innocence reigned
on the earth; described, _Hip._ *525; _Oet._ *395; _Med._ *329.
GOLDEN-FLEECED RAM, (1) the ram on which Phrixus and his sister, Helle,
escaped from Boeotia; as they fled through the air Helle fell off into
the sea, _Tro._ 1035; on arrival at Colchis Phrixus sacrificed the ram
and gave his wonderful fleece to King Aeëtes, who hung it in a tree
sacred to Mars. This fleece was the prize sought by the Argonauts under
Jason, _Med._ 361, 471. See PHRIXUS, HELLE, ARGONAUTS. (2) The emblem
and pledge of sovereignty in the house of Pelops, _Thy._ *225.
GORGON, Medusa, one of the three daughters of Phorcys, whose head was
covered with snaky locks, and sight of whom had power to turn to stone.
She was killed by Perseus, and her head presented to Minerva who fixed
it upon her shield, _H. Oet._ 96; _Agam._ 530. See PERSEUS.
GRACCHI, two popular leaders of the Sempronian gens, quoted as examples
of men brought to ruin by popular renown, _Oet._ 882.
GRADĪVUS, a surname of Mars, _H. Fur._ 1342.
GYAS, one of the giants who sought to dethrone Jove, _H. Oet._ 167,
1139.
H
HADES, the place of departed spirits, situated in the under world;
the upper world entrance to, and downward-leading passage, _H. Fur._
662; description of, _ibid._ 547; Theseus, returned with Hercules
from hades, describes in great detail the places and persons of the
lower world, _ibid._ **658; chorus sings of the world of the dead and
of the thronging peoples who constantly pour into its all-holding
depths, _ibid._ *830; its torments and personages described by ghost of
Tantalus, _Thy._ 1; its regions and inhabitants seen by Creon through
the yawning chasm in the earth made by Tiresias' incantations, _Oed._
*582.
HARPIES, mythical monsters, half woman and half bird; driven from
Phineus by Zetes and Calaïs, _Med._ 782; still torment Phineus in hades
as upon earth, _H. Fur._ 759; used as type of winged speed, _Phoen._
424.
HEBE, the daughter of Juno, cupbearer to the gods, and given as bride
to the deified Hercules, _Oct._ 211.
HECATE, daughter of Perses, presider over enchantments; often
identified with Proserpina as the underworld manifestation of the
deity seen in Diana on earth and Luna in heaven, _H. Oet._ 1519; _Med._
6, 577, 833, 841; _Tro._ 389; _Hip._ 412; _Oed._ 569.
HECTOR, the son of Priam and Hecuba, husband of Andromache, the
bravest warrior and chief support of Troy, _Tro._ 125; burns the Greek
fleet, _ibid._ 444; _Agam._ 743; slays Patroclus, _Tro._ 446; slain by
Achilles and his body dragged around the walls of Troy, _ibid._ *413;
_Agam._ 743; his body ransomed by Priam, _ibid._ 447; lamented by the
band of captive Trojan women, _Tro._ 98; his ghost warns Andromache in
a dream of the danger of their son Astyanax, _ibid._ 443; she hides the
boy in Hector's tomb, _ibid._ 498; she loves Astyanax for the boy's
resemblance to his father, _ibid._ 646.
HECUBA (_Troades_), the wife of Priam, unhappily survives Troy; as
one of the captive Trojan women, leads them in a lament for Troy's
downfall, for Hector and Priam, _Tro._ *1; before the birth of Paris,
dreamed that she had given birth to a firebrand, _ibid._ 36; her once
happy estate described, and contrasted with her present wretchedness,
_ibid._ *958; given to Ulysses by lot, _ibid._ 980; having suffered the
loss of all her loved ones she is at last changed into a dog, _Agam._
*705; rejoices for the first time after Hector's death on occasion of
wooden horse being taken into Troy, _ibid._ 648.
HELEN (_Troades_), daughter of Jupiter and Leda, sister of
Clytemnestra, wife of Menelaüs, reputed the most beautiful woman in
Greece; given by Venus to Paris as a reward for his judgment in her
favor, _Oct._ 773; fled from her husband for love of Paris, _Agam._
123; afterward pardoned by Agamemnon and returned home with Menelaüs,
_ibid._ 273; sent by Greeks to deceive Polyxena and prepare her for
sacrifice on tomb of Achilles, _Tro._ 861; cursed by Andromache as
the common scourge of Greeks and Trojans, _ibid._ *892; bewails and
describes her own hard lot, _ibid._ 905; she is not to blame for the
woes of Troy, _ibid._ 917.
HELLE, sister of Phrixus, who fled with him on the golden-fleeced ram,
and fell off into the sea which thereafter bore her name (Hellespont),
_Tro._ 1034; _Thy._ 851. See PHRIXUS.
HERCĒAN JOVE, an epithet of Jupiter as the protector of the house; it
was at his altar in the courtyard of his own palace that Priam was
slain, _Tro._ 140; _Agam._ 448, 793.
HERCULES (_Hercules Furens_, _Hercules Oetaeus_), the son of Jupiter
and Alcmena, _H. Fur._ 20; _H. Oet._ 7 and _passim_; night unnaturally
prolonged at his conception, _Agam._ 814; _H. Fur._ 24, 1158; _H. Oet._
147, 1500, 1697, 1864; in his infancy he strangled the two serpents
which Juno sent against him in his cradle, _H. Fur._ *214; _H. Oet._
1205; by a trick of Juno who hastened the birth of Eurystheus, made
subject to Eurystheus who set him various labors, _H. Oet._ 403; _H.
Fur._ 78, 524, *830. These twelve labors are as follows: (1) The
killing of the Nemean lion, _H. Fur._ 46, 224; _H. Oet._ 16, 411,
1192, 1235, 1885; _Agam._ 829; (2) the destruction of the hydra of
Lerna, _Agam._ 835; _Med._ 701; _H. Fur._ 46, 241, 529, 780, 1195; _H.
Oet._ 19, 918, 1193, 1534, 1813; (3) the capture alive of the Arcadian
stag, famous for its fleetness and its golden antlers, _H. Fur._ 222;
_H. Oet._ 17, 1238; _Agam._ 831; (4) the capture of the wild boar of
Erymanthus, _H. Fur._ 228; _H. Oet._ 1536, 1888; _Agam._ 832; (5) the
cleansing of the Augean stables, _H. Fur._ 247; (6) the killing of
the Stymphalian birds, _H. Fur._ 244; _H. Oet._ 17, 1237, 1813, 1889;
_Agam._ 850; (7) the capture of the Cretan bull, _H. Fur._ 230; _H.
Oet._ 27; _Agam._ 834; (8) the obtaining of the mares of Diomedes which
fed on human flesh and the slaying of Diomedes himself, _H. Fur._ 226;
_H. Oet._ 20, 1538, 1814, 1894; _Agam._ 842; (9) the securing of the
girdle of Hippolyte, _H. Fur._ 245, 542; _H. Oet._ 21, 1183, 1450;
_Agam._ 848; (10) the killing of Geryon and the capture of his oxen,
_H. Fur._ 231, 487; _H. Oet._ 26, 1204, 1900; _Agam._ 837; (11) the
securing of the golden apples of the Hesperides, _H. Fur._ 239, 530;
H. Oet. 18; _Phoen._ 316; _Agam._ *852; (12) the descent to hades and
bringing to the upper world of the dog Cerberus, _H. Fur._ *46, **760;
_H. Oet._ 23, 1162, 1244; _Agam._ 859. Other heroic deeds done by
Hercules are as follows: he bore up the heavens upon his shoulders in
place of Atlas, _H. Fur._ *69, 528, 1101; _H. Oet._ 282, 1241, 1764,
1905; burst a passage for the river Peneus between Ossa and Olympus,
_H. Fur._ *283; rent Calpe and Abyla (the "Pillars of Hercules") apart
and made a passage for the Mediterranean Sea into the ocean, _H. Fur._
237; _H. Oet._ 1240, 1253, 1569; fought with and overcame the Centaurs,
_ibid._ 1195; fought with Acheloüs for the possession of Deianira,
_ibid._ 299, 495; slew the centaur Nessus who was carrying off his
bride, _ibid._ *500, 921; overcame Eryx, the famous boxer, _H. Fur._
481; slew Antaeus, _H. Fur._ 482, 1171; _H. Oet._ 24, 1899; killed
Busiris, _H. Fur._ 483; _H. Oet._ 26; _Tro._ 1106; slew Cycnus, son
of Mars, _H. Fur._ 485; killed Zetes and Calaïs, _Med._ 634; killed
Periclymenus, _ibid._ 635; wounded Pluto, who was going to the aid of
the Pylians, _H. Fur._ 560; wrecked off the African coast, he made
his way on foot to the shore, _ibid._ 319; assisted the gods in their
fight against the giants, _ibid._ 444; capured Troy with aid of Telamon
during the reign of Laomedon, _Tro._ 136, 719; his arrows said to be
twice fated for the destruction of Troy, _ibid._ 825; _Agam._ 863;
forced Charon to bear him across the Lethe (not Styx), _H. Fur._ *762;
_H. Oet._ 1556; rescued Theseus from hades, _Hip._ 843; _H. Fur._ 806;
_H. Oet._ 1197, 1768; overcame Eurytus, king of Oechalia, _H. Fur._
477; _H. Oet._ 422. More or less extended recapitulations of the deeds
of Hercules are found in the following passages: _Agam._ 808-866; _H.
Fur._ 205-308, 481-487, 524-560; _H. Oet._ 1-98, 410-435, 1161-1206,
1218-1257, 1518-1606, 1810-1830, 1872-1939. The loves of Hercules
are as follows: Hesione, daughter of Laomedon, rescued from the
sea-monster, and made captive to Hercules with the first fall of Troy;
he afterward gave her to Telamon, _H. Oet._ 363; Auge, daughter of
Aleus, king of Tegea, _ibid._ 367; the Thespiades, the fifty daughters
of Thespius, _ibid._ 369; Omphale, queen of Lydia, to whom Hercules,
in expiation of an act of sacrilege, went into voluntary servitude
for three years, _ibid._ *371, 573; _H. Fur._ *465; _Hip._ 317; Iole,
daughter of Eurytus, king of Oechalia, whom Hercules destroyed because
Iole was denied to him, _H. Oet._ 100, 207, 221; _H. Fur._ 477. His
wives were (1) Megara daughter of Creon, king of Thebes; Hercules, in a
fit of madness, brought upon him by Juno's machinations, slew her and
his children by her, _H. Fur._ *987, *1010; _H. Oet._ 429, 903; when
his sanity returned, Theseus promised him cleansing for his crime by
Mars at Athens, _H. Fur._ 1341; elsewhere said to have been cleansed by
washing in the Cinyps, a river in Africa, _H. Oet._ 907; (2) Deianira,
daughter of Oeneus, king of Calydonia. See DEIANIRA and ACHELOÜS. The
favorite tree of Hercules was the poplar, _H. Fur._ 894, 912; _H. Oet._
1641. Hercules himself was destined to come to a tragic end after a
life of great deeds, _Med._ 637; his death was in accordance with an
oracle which declared that he should die by the hand of one whom he
had slain, _H. Oet._ 1473; Deianira, ignorantly seeking to regain her
husband's love from Iole, sends him a robe anointed with the poisoned
blood of Nessus, _ibid._ 535; Lichas bears the robe to his master,
_ibid._ 569; Hercules was worshiping Cenaean Jove in Euboea when the
robe was brought to him, _ibid._ 775; his sufferings caused by the
terrible burning poison described, _ibid._ *749, 1218; hurls Lichas,
the innocent cause of his pains, over a cliff, _ibid._ 809; after dire
suffering, is borne by boat from Euboea to Mt. Oeta where he was to
perish, _ibid._ 839; he orders a funeral pyre to be built for him on
the top of the mountain, _ibid._ 1483; speculation upon his probable
place in heaven after death, _ibid._ 1565; his glorious and triumphant
death in the midst of the flames described, _ibid._ **1610, 1726; his
fated bow is presented by the dying hero to his friend Philoctetes,
_ibid._ 1648; his ashes are collected into an urn by his mother,
Alcmena, _ibid._ 1758; Medea was said to have in her magical store some
of the ashes of Oeta's pyre soaked with the dying (poisoned) blood
of Hercules, _Med._ 777; the voice of the hero is heard from heaven,
declaring that he has been deified, _H. Oet._ *1940; now received into
heaven as a god, in spite of Juno's opposition, he is given Hebe as his
wife, _Oct._ 210.
HERMIONE, daughter of Menelaüs and Helen; the Trojans pray that she may
suffer the same doom as Polyxena, _Tro._ 1134.
HESIONE, daughter of Laomedon, exposed to a sea-monster sent by Neptune
to punish the perfidy of Laomedon. She was rescued by Hercules and
captured by him when he with Telamon's aid took Troy, _H. Oet._ 363.
HESPERIDES, APPLES OF, golden apples on certain islands far in the
west, watched over by three nymphs, and guarded by a sleepless dragon;
it was the eleventh labor of Hercules to get these apples and take them
to Eurystheus, _Agam._ 852; _Phoen._ 316; _H. Fur._ 239, 530.
HESPERUS, the evening star, messenger of night, _Med._ 878; _Hip._ 750;
_H. Fur._ 883; impatiently awaited by lovers, _Med._ 72; as example
of perverted nature, Hesperus will bring in the day, _Phoen._ 87;
functions of evening and morning stars interchanged at the conception
of Hercules, _H. Fur._ 821; _H. Oet._ 149.
HIEROSCOPÏA (_extispicium_), a method of prophesying by inspecting the
viscera of a newly slain sacrificial victim practiced by Tiresias in
his effort to discover the murderer of Laius, _Oed._ *353.
HIPPODAMĪA, daughter of Oenomaüs, king of Pisa. See MYRTILUS.
HIPPOLYTE, a queen of the Amazons, possessed of the belt of Mars;
Eurystheus imposed upon Hercules as his ninth labor that he should
secure and bring this belt, or girdle, to him; this the hero
accomplished, _Agam._ 848; _H. Fur._ 245, 542; _H. Oet._ 21, 1183, 1450.
HIPPOLYTUS (_Hippolytus_), son of Theseus and Hippolyte, or, according
to others, of Theseus and Antiope; represented as devoted to the
hunt, and to Diana, the goddess of the hunt, _Hip._ 1; the object of
the guilty love of Phaedra, his father's wife, _ibid._ *99; he hates
and avoids all womankind, _ibid._ 230; his severe life as a recluse
described, _ibid._ 435; sings the praises of the simple life in the
woods and fields, and contrasts this with city life, _ibid._ *483; is
charged with a criminal attack upon Phaedra, _ibid._ 725; his death
caused by a monster sent by Neptune in response to the prayer of
Theseus, _ibid._ 1000; his innocence discovered, _ibid._ 1191.
HYADES, daughters of Atlas and sisters of the Pleiades; a constellation
seemingly borne on the horns of Taurus, _Thy._ 852; a storm-bringing
constellation, but not yet recognized as such in the golden age, _Med._
311; disturbed by the magic power of Medea, _ibid._ 769.
HYDRA, a monster which infested the marsh of Lerna; it had eight heads,
and one besides which was immortal. When any one of the eight heads was
severed there sprang forth two in its stead. After a desperate struggle
with this creature, Hercules killed it as his second labor assigned by
Eurystheus, _Agam._ 835; _Med._ 701; _H. Fur._ 46, 241, 529, 780, 1195;
_H. Oet._ 19, 94, 851, 914, 918, 1193, 1534, 1650, 1813, 1927.
HYLAS, a beautiful youth, beloved by Hercules, who accompanied that
hero on the Argonautic expedition; while stopping on the coast of Mysia
for water, the boy was seized and kept by the water-nymphs of a stream
into which he had dipped his urn, _Hip._ 780, _Med._ *647.
HYLLUS (_Hercules Oetaeus_), son of Hercules and Deianira; describes
to his mother the terrible sufferings of Hercules after putting on the
poisoned robe, _H. Oet._ 742; called the grandson of Jove, _ibid._
1421; Iole is consigned to him as his wife by the dying Hercules,
_ibid._ 1490.
HYMEN, the god of marriage, _Tro._ 861, 895; _Med._ *66, 110, 116, 300.
HYPERMNESTRA, one of the fifty daughters of Danaüs, who refused to
murder her husband at her father's command, _H. Fur._ 500; for this act
of mercy, she is not suffering among her sisters in hades, _H. Oet._
948. See DANAÏDES.
I
ICARUS, the son of Daedalus, who, attempting to escape from Crete on
wings which his father had made, melted the wax of his wings by a
flight too near the sun, and so fell into the sea which took its name
from him, _Agam._ 506; _Oed._ *892; _H. Oet._ 686. See DAEDALUS.
IDMON, son of Apollo and Asteria, one of the Argonauts, with prophetic
power; he died from the stroke of a wild boar, not, as Seneca says,
from a serpent's bite, _Med._ 652.
INO, daughter of Cadmus, sister of Semele, wife of Athamas, king of
Thebes. Her husband, driven mad by Juno, because Ino had nursed the
infant Bacchus, attempted to slay her, but she escaped him by leaping
off a high cliff into the sea with her son Melicerta. They were both
changed into sea-divinities, _Phoen._ 22; _Oed._ 445. See PALAEMON.
IOLE (_Hercules Oetaeus_), daughter of Eurytus, king of Oechalia. She
was sought in marriage by Hercules, who destroyed her father and all
his house because she was refused to him, _H. Oet._ 221; in captivity
to Hercules, she mourns her fate, _ibid._ 173; sent as a captive to
Deianira, _ibid._ 224; her reception by Deianira described, _ibid._
237; is consigned to Hyllus as wife, by the dying Hercules, _ibid._
1490.
IPHIGENĪA, daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra; taken from her
mother to be sacrificed at Aulis, on the pretext that she was to be
married to Achilles, _Agam._ 158; sacrificed to appease Diana to the
end that the Greek fleet might be allowed to sail from Aulis, _ibid._
160; _Tro._ 249, 360; her sacrifice described, _Agam._ *164; rescued by
Diana at the last moment and taken to serve in the goddess' temple at
Tauris, _Oct._ 972.
IRIS, the messenger of Juno, and goddess of the rainbow, _Oed._ 315.
ITYS, son of Tereus, king of Thrace, and Procne, who, to punish her
husband for his outrage upon her sister, Philomela, slew the boy Itys
and served him as a banquet to his father. The sisters, changed to
birds, ever bewail Itys, _H. Oet._ 192; _Agam._ 670.
IXĪON, for his insult to Juno fixed to an ever-revolving wheel in
hades, _Hip._ 1236; _Thy._ 8; _Agam._ 15; _Oct._ 623; _H. Fur._ 750;
_H. Oet._ 945, 1011; his wheel stood still at the music of Orpheus,
_ibid._ 1068; Medea prays that he may leave his wheel and come to
Corinth, and that Creon may take his place upon the wheel, _Med._ 744.
See NEPHELE.
J
JASON (_Medea_), son of Aeson, king of Thessaly, and nephew of the
usurping king, Pelias. He was persuaded by Pelias to undertake the
adventure of the Golden Fleece, for which he organized and led the
Argonautic expedition. He was able to perform the hard tasks in Colchis
which King Aeëtes set, through the aid of Medea: the taming of the
fire-breathing bull, _Med._ 121, 241, 466; overcoming of the giants
sprung from the sown serpents' teeth, _ibid._ 467; putting to sleep
of the ever-watchful dragon, _ibid._ 471; he had had no part in the
murder of Pelias for which he and Medea were driven out of Thessaly,
_ibid._ 262; but this and all Medea's crimes had been done for his
sake, _ibid._ *275; living in exile in Corinth, he is forced by Creon
into a marriage with the king's daughter, Creüsa, _ibid._ 137; Medea
imprecates a dreadful curse upon him, _ibid._ 19; he laments the hard
dilemma in which he finds himself placed, _ibid._ 431; and at last
decides to yield to Creon's demands for the sake of his children,
_ibid._ 441.
JOCASTA (_Oedipus, Phoenissae_), wife of Laïus, king of Thebes, mother
and afterward wife of Oedipus; on learning that Oedipus is her son, she
kills herself in an agony of grief and shame, _Oed._ 1024. According
to another version of the story, she is still living after the events
leading to the voluntary exile of Oedipus; she bewails the fratricidal
strife between her two sons, Eteocles and Polynices, and knows not with
which she ought to side, _Phoen._ 377; rushing between the two hosts,
she pleads with her sons to be reconciled with each other, _ibid._ *443.
JUDGES IN HADES, Aeacus, Minos, and Rhadamanthus, weep for the first
time on hearing Orpheus' plaintive strains, _H. Fur._ 579; Theseus
describes at length their persons and their judgments, the moral law
under which the souls of men are judged, and the punishments and
rewards meted out after judgment, _ibid._ **727.
JULIA, daughter of Drusus and Livia Drusilla, exiled and afterward
slain, _Oct._ 944.
JUNO (_Hercules Furens_), speaks the prologue, revealing her motive
in bringing about the catastrophe of the play; she recounts in order
Jove's infidelities with mortals whose constellations she points out,
and relates especially her fruitless struggles with Hercules; she
cannot overcome him by any toil which she can invent, _H. Fur._ *1;
she looks forward with hatred and dread to the time when Hercules will
force his entrance into heaven, _ibid._ 64; she is cited to Octavia
by her nurse as a type of wife who, by wise management, finally won a
wayward husband's love to herself again, _Oct._ *201; hymn in praise
of, _Agam._ 340; Argos is dear to her, _ibid._ 809.
JUPITER, lord of Olympus, ruler of the skies and seasons, _Hip._ *960;
ruler of heaven and earth, to whom victors consecrate their spoils,
_Agam._ *802; his mother, Rhea, brought him forth in Crete and hid
him in a cave of Mount Ida, lest his father, Saturn, should discover
and destroy him, _H. Fur._ 459; hymn in praise of, _Agam._ 381; his
thunderbolts are forged in Aetna, _Hip._ 156; his amours with mortals
are as follows: with Leda to whom he appeared in the form of a swan,
_Hip._ 301; _H. Fur._ 14; with Europa, in form of a bull, _Hip._ 303;
_H. Fur._ 9; _H. Oet._ 550; with Danaë, in form of a golden shower,
_H. Fur._ 13; with Callisto, _ibid._ 6; the Pleiades (Electra, Maia,
Taÿgete), _ibid._ 10; Latona, _ibid._ 15; Semele, _ibid._ 16;
Alcmena, _ibid._ 22. For his ancient oracle in Epirus, see DODONA; see
also HERCEAN JOVE and CENAEUM.
JUSTICE (_Justitia_), the goddess Astraea, who once lived on earth
during the innocence of man in the golden age of Saturn, _Oct._ 398;
she fled the earth when sin became dominant, _ibid._ 424. See ASTRAEA.
L
LABDACIDAE, a name for the Thebans, derived from Labdacus, king of
Thebes, father of Laïus, _Oed._ 710; _Phoen._ 53; _H. Fur._ 495.
LACHESIS, one of the three fates, or Parcae, who measured out the
thread of human life, _Oed._ 985. The other two were Clotho and
Atropos. See CLOTHO.
LAËRTES, the father of Ulysses, dwelling in Ithaca, _Tro._ 700; "feels
the shock of reeling Ithaca" in a storm, _Thy._ 587.
LAÏUS, king of Thebes, husband of Jocasta, father of Oedipus, whom,
fearing an oracle, he had exposed in infancy; at the time of the
opening of the play of _Oedipus_, he had been murdered by an unknown
man, and his murder must be avenged before the plague afflicting Thebes
can be relieved, _Oed._ *217; place and supposed manner of his death
described to Oedipus by Creon, _ibid._ *276; time and circumstances of
his murder described by Jocasta, _ibid._ 776; his shade is raised by
Tiresias and declares that Oedipus is his murderer, _ibid._ *619; his
shade seems to appear to the blind Oedipus in exile and call him to
death, _Phoen._ 39.
LAOMEDON, king of Troy, father of Priam; he deceived Apollo and
Neptune, who built the walls of Troy, and again cheated Hercules out of
his promised reward for delivering Hesione; hence his house is called a
"lying house," _Agam._ 864.
LAPITHAE, a tribe of Thessaly, associated in story with the Centaurs,
and both with a great struggle against Hercules in which they were
worsted by that hero; in hades they still fear their great enemy when
he appears, _H. Fur._ 779.
LATŌNA, beloved of Jupiter, to whom she bore Apollo and Diana; hence
these gods are called the children of Latona, _Agam._ 324; the floating
island, Delos, was the only spot allowed her by the jealous Juno for
the birth of her children, _H. Fur._ 15.
LEDA, the wife of Tyndarus, king of Sparta; she was beloved by Jupiter
in the form of a swan, _Oct._ 205, 764; and became by him the mother of
Castor and Pollux, who were falsely called Tyndaridae, and set in the
heavens as constellations, _H. Fur._ 14; _Oct._ 208; Clytemnestra was
the daughter of Leda and Tyndarus, _Agam._ 125, 234.
LEMNOS, an island in the Aegean Sea, the seat of fierce fires, as
connected with the fall of Vulcan on that island where he established
his forges, _H. Oet._ 1362; according to story all the Lemnian women at
one time, except Hypsipyle, murdered all their male relatives, _Agam._
566.
LEO, the zodiacal constellation of the Lion, representing the Nemean
lion slain by Hercules, and set as a constellation in the sky, _H.
Fur._ 69, 945; _Thy._ 855; said to have fallen from the moon, where,
according to the opinion of the Pythagoreans, all monsters had their
origin, _H. Fur._ 83.
LETHE, a river of the lower world whose waters possessed the power of
causing those who drank of them to forget the past, _H. Oet._ 936; _H.
Fur._ 680; _Hip._ 1202; elsewhere it loses its distinctive meaning and
is used as equivalent to Styx or the lower world in general, _ibid._
147; _Oed._ 560; _H. Oet._ 1162, 1208, 1550, 1985; Charon even plies
his boat over this river, _H. Fur._ 777.
LIBRA, the zodiacal constellation of the Scales, marking the autumnal
equinox, _Hip._ 839; _Thy._ 858.
LICHAS, the ill-fated bearer of the poisoned robe from Deianira to
Hercules, thrown over a cliff by the agonized hero, _H. Oet._ 567, 570,
809, 814, 978, 1460; he had previously been sent home by Hercules to
announce the hero's triumph over Eurytus, _ibid._ 99.
LIVIA, the wife of Drusus; her fate, _Oct._ 942.
LUCIFER, the morning star, or "light-bringer," the herald of the sun,
_Hip._ 752; _Oed._ 507, 741; _H. Oet._ 149.
LUCĪNA, the goddess who presides over child-birth, i. e., Diana or
Luna, _Agam._ 385; _Med._ 2; or Juno, _ibid._ 61.
LUCRETIA, daughter of Lucretius, wife of Collatinus, avenged by a
bloody war for the outrage committed upon her by Sextus Tarquinius,
_Oct._ 300.
LUNA, the goddess of the moon, identified with Diana upon the earth,
called also Phoebe as sister of Phoebus, _Oed._ 44; she reflects her
brother's fires, _ibid._ 253; and passes his car in shorter course,
_Thy._ 838; in love with Endymion, she seeks the earth, _Hip._ 309,
422, 785; and gives her chariot to her brother to drive, _ibid._ 310;
saved by the clashing of vessels from the influence of magic, _ibid._
790.
LYCURGUS, a king of Thrace, who, for his opposition to Bacchus, was
destroyed by that god, _H. Fur._ 903; _Oed._ 471.
LYCUS (_Hercules Furens_), a usurper, who took advantage of the absence
of Hercules in hades, and slew Creon and his sons, and is, at the
opening of the play, ruler in Thebes, _H. Fur._ 270; he boasts that,
though low born, he has by conquest gained great power and wealth,
_ibid._ 332; he desires to repair his fault of birth by a union with
Megara, wife of the absent Hercules, and daughter of Creon, _ibid._
345; proposes marriage to Megara, _ibid._ 360; is scorned by her,
_ibid._ 372; is slain by Hercules, _ibid._ 895.
LYNCEUS, one of the Argonautic heroes, renowned for his wonderful
keenness of vision, _Med._ 232.
M
MAEANDER, a river of Phrygia, celebrated for its exceedingly winding
course, _Phoen._ 606; used to illustrate the windings of the river
Lethe, _H. Fur._ 684.
MAENADS, female attendants and worshippers of Bacchus, _Oed._ 436;
their bewildered madness while under the inspiration of Bacchus, _H.
Oet._ 243; their unconsciousness of pain, _Tro._ 674; they go wildly
ranging over the mountain tops, _Med._ 383.
MAGIC ARTS, the powers of, as practiced by Medea, _Med._ 670-842; by
Tiresias, _Oed._ 548-625; by the nurse of Deianira, _H. Oet._ 452-64.
MANTO (_Oedipus_), the prophetic daughter of the seer Tiresias, _Agam._
22; she leads her blind old father into the presence of Oedipus, _Oed._
290; describes the appearance of the sacrifices which he interprets,
_ibid._ 303.
MARS, the son of Jupiter and Juno, god of war, _Tro._ 185, 783, 1058;
_Phoen._ 527, 626, 630; _Med._ 62; _Hip._ 465, 808; Oct. 293; _Agam._
548; called also _Mavors, Hip._ 550; _Thy._ 557; _Oed._ 90; used of war
or battle itself, _ibid._ 275, 646; _Agam._ 921; the amour of Mars and
Venus was discovered by Phoebus, and by him with the aid of Vulcan they
two were caught in a cunningly wrought net; for this reason Venus hates
the race of Phoebus, _Hip._ 125; Mars, summoned to judgment by Neptune
for the murder of his son, was tried and acquitted by the twelve
gods sitting in judgment at Athens in the Areopagus (Mars Hill), _H.
Fur._1342; Mars is here called _Gradivus_.
MEDĒA (_Medea_), daughter of Aeëtes, king of Colchis, and granddaughter
of Sol and Perseïs, _Med._ 28, 210; the grandeur of her estate in her
father's kingdom, _ibid._ *209, 483; mistress of magic arts, _ibid._
*750; by means of these arts she helped Jason perform the deadly tasks
set him by her father, _ibid._ 169, 467, 471; helped Jason carry off
the golden fleece upon the possession of which her father's kingdom
depended, _ibid._ 130; left her father's realm through crime for love
of Jason, _ibid._ 119; slew her brother, Absyrtus, and strewed his
dismembered body upon the sea to retard her father's pursuit, _ibid._
121; _H. Oet._ 950; tricked the daughters of Pelias into murdering
their father, _Med._ 133, 201, *258; driven out of Thessaly and pursued
by Acastus, she with Jason sought and received a place of safety in
Corinth, _ibid._ 247, 257; did all her crimes not for her own but for
Jason's sake, _ibid._ 275; exiled now by Creon, she obtains one day of
respite, _ibid._ 295; prepares a deadly, enchanted robe for her rival,
Creüsa, _ibid._ 570; her magic incantations described, _ibid._ *675;
sends the robe to Creüsa, _ibid._ 816; and rejoices in its terrible
effect, _ibid._ 893; kills her two sons, _ibid._ 970, 1019; gloats over
her husband's misery and vanishes in the air in a chariot drawn by
dragons, _ibid._ 1025; goes to Athens and marries Aegeus; is a type of
an evil woman, _Hip._ 563; the stepmother of Theseus, _ibid._ 697.
MEDŪSA, one of the three Gorgons, slain by Perseus. He cut off her head
which had the power of petrifying whatever looked upon it, and gave it
to Minerva who set it upon her aegis, _Agam._ 530; her gall used by
Medea in magic, _Med._ 831.
MEGAERA, one of the furies, summoned by Juno to drive Hercules to
madness, _H. Fur._ 102; appears to the maddened Medea with scourge of
serpents, _Med._ 960; seems to appear to the distracted Deianira, _H.
Oet._ 1006, 1014; summoned by Atreus to assist him in his revenge upon
his brother, _Thy._ 252. See FURIES.
MEGARA (_Hercules Furens_), the daughter of Creon, king of Thebes,
and wife of Hercules, _H. Fur._ 202; laments the constant toils which
hold her husband from his home, and keep her anxious for his life,
_ibid._ *205; scorns the advances of Lycus who has usurped the throne
of Thebes, _ibid._ *372; slain by her husband in his fit of madness
brought upon him by the jealous Juno, _ibid._ 1010; _H. Oet._ 429,
*903, 1452.
MELEĀGER, son of Oeneus, king of Calydon, and Althaea; his tragic
death brought upon him by his mother's wrath because he had killed her
brothers, _Med._ 644, 779. See ALTHAEA.
MELICERTA, see INO.
MEMNON, the son of Aurora, slain by Achilles, _Tro._ 239; _Agam._ 212.
MENELĀUS, son of Atreus, brother of Agamemnon, husband of Helen, king
of Sparta, employed by his father to trick his uncle, Thyestes, _Thy._
327; Helen looks forward with fear to his judgment, _Tro._ 923; he
pardoned Helen for her desertion of him for Paris, _Agam._ 273.
MEROPE, the wife of Polybus, king of Corinth; she adopted the infant
Oedipus and brought him up to manhood as her own child, _Oed._ 272,
661, 802.
MESSALĪNA, the wife of Claudius, and mother of Octavia, _Oct._ 10;
cursed by Venus with insatiate lust, _ibid._ 258; openly married Silius
in the absence of Claudius, _ibid._ *260; slain for this by the order
of her husband, _ibid._ 265; her former proud estate, as the wife of
Claudius, contrasted with her wretched fate; her death described,
_ibid._ *974.
MIMAS, one of the giants, _H. Fur._ 981. See GIANTS.
MINOS, a son of Jupiter, king of Crete; father of Phaedra, _Hip._ 149;
father of Ariadne, _ibid._ 245; widely ruling and powerful monarch,
_ibid._ 149; no daughter of Minos loved without sin, _ibid._ 127;
because of his righteousness on earth made one of the judges in hades,
_Agam._ 24; _Thy_. 23; _H. Fur._ 733. See JUDGES IN HADES.
MINOTAUR, a hybrid monster, born of the union of Pasiphaë, the wife of
Minos, and a bull; called brother of Phaedra, _Hip._ 174; confined in
the labyrinth in Crete, _ibid._ 649, 1171.
MOPSUS, a Thesalian soothsayer, one of the Argonauts, who died by the
bite of a serpent in Libya, _Med._ 655.
MULCIBER, one of the names of Vulcan. He gave to Medea the hidden fires
of sulphur for her magic, _Med._ 824.
MYCALE, a celebrated witch of Thessaly, _H. Oet._ 525.
MYCËNAE, a city of Argolis, near Argos; its walls were built by the
hands of the Cyclopes, _Thy._ 407; _H. Fur._ 997; ruled by the house of
Pelops, _Thy._ 188, 561, 1011; _Tro._ 855; the favorite city of Juno,
_Agam._ 351; the home of Agamemnon, _ibid._ 121, 251, 757, 871, 967,
998; _Tro._ 156, 245.
MYRRHA, a daughter of Cinyras, who conceived an unnatural passion for
her father. Pursued by him, she was changed into the myrrh tree, whose
exuding gum resembles tears, _H. Oet._ 196.
MYRTILUS, a son of Mercury, charioteer of Oenomaüs. Bribed by Pelops,
suitor for the hand of Hippodamia, daughter of Oenomaüs, he secretly
withdrew the linch-pins of his master's chariot, thus wrecking his
master's car in the race which was to decide the success of Pelop's
suit. His sin and fate described, _Thy._ 140; the wrecked chariot
preserved as a trophy in the palace of the Pelopidae, _ibid._ 660.
N
NAÏDES, deities, generally conceived as young and beautiful maidens,
inhabiting brooks and springs. _Hip._780. See HYLAS.
NAUPLIUS, a son of Neptune and king of Euboea; to avenge the death
of his son, Palamedes, he lured the Greek fleet to destruction by
displaying false beacon fires off the rocky coast of Euboea, _Agam._
*567; when, however, Ulysses, whom he hated most, escaped, he threw
himself headlong from the cliff, _Med._ 659. See PALAMEDES.
NECROMANTĪA, necromancy, a raising of the dead for purposes of
consultation; practiced by Tiresias, in his effort to discover the
murderer of Laïus, _Oed._ **530.
NEMEAN LION, the beast slain by Hercules near Nemea, a city of Argolis,
as the first of his twelve labors, _Agam._ 830; _H. Fur._ 224: H. Oet.
1193, 1235, 1665, 1885; set in the heavens as a zodiacal constellation,
_Oed._ 40. See LEO.
NEPHELE, the cloud form of Juno, devised by Jupiter, upon which Ixion
begot the centaur, Nessus, in the belief that it was Juno herself, _H.
Oet._ 492.
NEPTUNE, son of Saturn, brother of Jupiter and Pluto, with whom, after
the dethronement of Saturn, he cast lots for the three great divisions
of his father's realm: the second lot, giving him the sovereignty over
the sea, fell to Neptune, _Med._ 4, 597; _H. Fur._ 515, 599; _Oed._
266; _Hip._ 904, 1159; rides over the surface of the deep in his car,
_Oed._ 254; sends a monster out of the sea to destroy Hippolytus in
answer to the prayer of Theseus, _Hip._ 1015; assists Minerva in the
destruction of Ajax, the son of Oïleus, in the great storm which
assailed the Greek fleet upon its homeward voyage, _Agam._ 554; bidden
by Hercules to hide beneath his waves lest he behold Cerberus, _H.
Fur._ 600; is the father of Theseus, to whom he gave three wishes,
_ibid._ 942; other sons were Cycnus, _Agam._ 215; _Tro._ 183; and
Periclymenus, _Med._ 635.
NEREUS, a sea-deity, used often, by metonymy, for the sea itself,
_Oed._ 450, 508; _H. Oet._ 4; _Hip._ 88; he is the father by Doris of
Thetis and the other Nereïds, _Tro._ 882; _Oed._ 446; even they feel
the fires of love, _Hip._ 336.
NERO (_Octavia_), the son of Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus and Agrippina,
_Oct._ 249; married his stepsister, Octavia, whom he treated with great
cruelty; his character depicted by her, _ibid._ 86; emperor from A.D.
54 until his death in 68; murdered his mother, _ibid._ 46, 95, 243;
lauds the beauty of Poppaea and announces her as his next wife, _ibid._
544; his death prophesied and described by the ghost of Agrippina,
_ibid._ **618; decrees the banishment and death of Octavia, _ibid._ 861.
NESSUS, a centaur, son of Ixion and Nephele, _H. Oet._ 492; insults
Deianira, is slain by Hercules, and while dying gives a portion of his
blood, reeking with the poison of the arrow of Hercules, to Deianira as
a charm which shall recall to her her husband's wandering affections,
ibid. *500; some of this blood is in Medea's collection of charms,
_Med._ 775; the terrible power of this poisoned blood tested by
Deianira after she has innocently sent the fatal robe to her husband,
_H. Oet._ 716; Nessus declared to have been the one who conceived the
plot against Hercules, while Deianira was but the innocent instrument,
_ibid._ 1468.
NIOBE, daughter of Tantalus, wife of Amphion, king of Thebes; punished
by the loss of her seven sons and seven daughters by Diana for her
defiance of Latona, the mother of the goddess, _Agam._ 392; changed
to stone, she still sits on the top of Mt. Sipylus and mourns for her
lost children, Agam. 394; _H. Fur._ 390; _H. Oet._ 185, 1849; her shade
comes up from hades, still proudly counting her children's shades,
_Oed._ 613.
NYCTELIUS, an epithet of Bacchus, because his mysteries were celebrated
at night, _Oed._ 492.
O
OCTAVIA (_Octavia_), the daughter of the Emperor Claudius and
Messalina, the latter having been murdered by order of Claudius
himself, _Oct._ 10; and the former by his second wife, Agrippina,
_ibid._ 26, 45; she became first the stepsister and then the wife of
Nero, _ibid._ 47; with whom she led a most wretched life, _ibid._ *100;
she had previously been betrothed to Silanus, _ibid._ 145; but he was
murdered to make way for Nero, _ibid._ 154; She was beloved by her
people, _ibid._ 183; is compared with Juno in that she is both sister
and wife of her husband, _ibid._ 282; doomed by Nero to exile and
death, _ibid._ 868; banished to Panditaria, _ibid._ 971.
ODRYSIAN HOUSE, that is, of the Thracian king, Tereus, whose house was
polluted by a horrible banquet in which his own son was served up to
him, _Thy._ 273.
OEDIPUS (_Oedipus, Phoenissae_), the son of Jocasta and of Laïus,
king of Thebes. An oracle had declared that Laïus should meet death
at the hands of his son. Oedipus was accordingly doomed before birth
to be slain, Oed. 34, 235; _Phoen._ 243; at birth he was exposed upon
Mt. Cithaeron, _ibid._ 13, *27, with an iron rod through his ankles,
_ibid._ 254; _Oed._ 857; carried by a shepherd and given to Merope,
wife of the king of Corinth, by whom he was brought up as her own
son, _ibid._ 806; grown to young manhood, he fled the kingdom of his
supposed parents that he might not fulfil an oracle that had come to
him, that he should kill his father and wed his mother, _ibid._ 12,
263; in the course of his flight he met and killed Laïus, his real
father, _Phoen._ 166, 260; _Oed._ 768, 782; he answered the riddle of
the Sphinx, and so saved Thebes from that pest, _Phoen._ 120; _Oed._
*92, 216; as a reward for this he gained the throne of Thebes, and
Jocasta (his real mother) as his wife, _Oed._ 104; _Phoen._ 50, 262;
_Oed._ 386; _H. Fur._ 388; attempts to find out the murderer of King
Laïus, and utters a mighty curse upon the unknown criminal, _ibid._
*257; declared by the ghost of Laïus, which Tiresias had raised, to
be his father's murderer and his mother's husband, _ibid._ *634; he
refutes this charge by the assertion that his father and mother are
still living in Corinth, _ibid._ 661; learns by messenger that Polybus
and Merope are not his true parents, _ibid._ 784; rushes on his fate
and forces old Phorbas to reveal the secret of his birth, _ibid._ *848;
in a frenzy of grief, he digs out his eyes, _ibid._ 915; goes forth
into exile, thus lifting the curse from Thebes, _ibid._ 1042; _Phoen._
104; he begs Antigone, who alone had followed him into exile, to leave
him, bewailing his fate and longing for death, _ibid._ 1.
OGYGES, a mythical founder and king of Thebes; hence--
OGYGIAN, i. e., Theban, an epithet of Bacchus, whose mother was a
Theban princess, _Oed._ 437; an epithet of the Thebans, _ibid._ 589.
OĪLEUS, used instead of his son, Ajax, _Med._ 662. See AJAX.
OLENUS, a city in Aetolia, _Tro._ 826; _Oed._ 283; hence--
OELENIAN GOAT, so called because it was nurtured in the vicinity of
this place. See AMALTHEA.
OMPHALE, a queen of Lydia, to whose service Hercules submitted for
three years, _H. Oet._ *371, 573; _H. Fur._ 465; _Hip._ 317. See
HERCULES.
OPHĪON, one of the companions of Cadmus, sprung from the serpent's
teeth; in adjectival form, it means simply Theban, _H. Fur._ 268;
referring to Pentheus, _Oed._ 485.
OPHIÜCHUS, the northern constellation of the "Serpent Holder,"
representing a man holding a serpent, _Med._ 698.
Orestes (_Agamemnon_), son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, _Agam._ 196;
_Tro._ 555; saved by his sister, through the agency of Strophius, king
of Phocis, from death at the hands of his mother and Aegisthus, _Agam._
910; avenged his father's murder, _Oct._ 62.
ORĪON, said to have been miraculously generated by Jupiter, Neptune,
and Mercury, out of an ox's hide; set as a constellation in the
heavens, where his glittering sword menaces the heavenly ones, _H.
Fur._ 12.
ORPHEUS, the son of Apollo and the muse Calliope, _Med._ 625; king of
Thrace; one of the Argonauts; a sweet singer and harper, whose music
could draw to him the rocks and trees, _ibid._ 228; _H. Oet._ *1036;
dropped his lyre in fear of the Symplegades, _Med._ 348; played so
sweetly that the Argonauts were not enchanted by the Sirens, _ibid._
*355; went to hades in search of his wife, Eurydice, and by the charm
of his music persuaded the gods of the lower world to release her; but
he lost her again, because he did not keep the condition imposed upon
him, _H. Fur._ **569; _H. Oet._ *1061; _Med._ 632; he sang that nothing
is everlasting, _H. Oet._ 1035, 1100; his tragic death at the hands of
the Thracian women, _Med._ *625.
P
PACTŌLUS, a river of Lydia, celebrated for its golden sands, _Phoen._
604; _Oed._ 467.
PAEAN, an appellation given to Apollo, who gained the oracle at Delphi
and earned a place in heaven by slaying the Python, _H. Oet._ 92.
PALAEMON, once a mortal, called Melicerta, son of Athamas and Ino, but
changed by Neptune into a sea divinity, _Oed._ 448. SEE INO.
PALAMËDES, son of Nauplius, king of Euboea; he was put to death by the
Greeks on false charges brought by Ulysses, and was avenged by his
father, who displayed false lights to the Greek fleet, _Agam._ 568.
PALLAS, an appellation given to the goddess Minerva. She was the friend
and helper of Hercules in his various labors, _H. Fur._ 900; the
bearer of the terrible aegis upon which was set the horrible Medusa's
head, _ibid._ 902; _Agam._ 530; the patroness of woman's handicrafts,
_Hip._ 103; the patron goddess of the Athenians, _ibid._ 1149; helps
to overthrow Troy, _Agam._ 370; stirs up the storm at sea against the
Greek ships, _ibid._ 529; wields the thunderbolts of Jove, with which
she destroys Ajax, the son of Oïleus, _ibid._ *532; hymn in praise of,
_ibid._ 368-81; helped in the building of the Argo, _Med._ 2, 365.
PANDATARIA, a lonely island off the coast of Italy, used as a place of
exile under the Empire, _Oct._ 972.
PANDĪON, a mythical king of Athens, father of Procne and Philomela,
both of whom were changed to birds. These "Pandionian birds" are cited
as types of grief-stricken beings, _Oct._ 8.
PARCAE, the three personified fates ("harsh sisters"), who spin out the
threads of human life, _H. Fur._ 181; represented with the distaff in
hand, _ibid._ 559. SEE CLOTHO and LACHESIS.
PARIS, son of Priam and Hecuba. He was doomed before birth to destroy
his native land, _Tro._ 36; exposed to die on Mount Ida, but preserved
by shepherds and brought up in ignorance of his true parentage,
_Agam._ 733; the famous "judgment of Paris," _Tro._ 66; from Helen's
standpoint, _ibid._ 920; Cassandra, in her inspired ravings, describes
this scene, _Agam._ *730; goes to the court of Menelaüs and abducts
Helen, _Tro._ 70; slays Achilles, _ibid._ 347, 956.
PARRHASIAN (i. e., Arcadian) hind, captured by Hercules as his third
labor, _Agam._ 831; bear, _Hip._ 288; axis (i. e., Northern), _H. Oet._
1281.
PASIPHAË, a daughter of the Sun and Perseïs, and wife of Minos, king
of Crete; conceived an unnatural passion for a bull, _Hip._ 113, 143;
mother of the bull-man monster, the Minotaur, _ibid._ *688.
PATRŌCLUS, one of the Grecian chiefs before Troy, beloved friend of
Achilles; he fought in disguise in Achilles' armor, _Agam._ 617; was
slain by Hector, _Tro._ 446.
PEGASUS, a winged horse, offspring of Neptune and Medusa; used to
illustrate extreme speed, _Tro._ 385.
PELEUS, son of Aeacus, and king of Thessaly; married the sea-goddess,
Thetis, _Oct._ 708; _Med._ 657; father of Achilles, _Tro._ 247, 882;
_Agam._ 616; one of the Argonauts, died in exile, _Med._ 657.
PELIAS, the usurping king of Iolchos in Thessaly, whence he drove the
rightful king, Aeson, the father of Jason. It was he who proposed the
Argonautic expedition, and for this he was doomed to suffer a violent
death, _Med._ 664; tricked by Medea, his daughters slew him, cut him in
pieces, and boiled these in a pot in the expectation that through the
magic of Medea Pelias would come forth rejuvenated, _Med._ 133, 201,
258, 475. 913.
PELION, a range of mountains in Thessaly whose principal summit rises
near Iolchos; the giants piled Pelion, Ossa, and Olympus, one on
another, in their attempt to scale the heavens, _H. Fur._ 971; _Tro._
829; _Agam._ *346; _Thy._ 812; _H. Oet._ 1152; the home of the Centaur,
Chiron, who educated the young Achilles, _H. Fur._ 971; _Tro._ *830;
furnished the timbers for the Argo, _Med._ 609.
PELOPĪA, a daughter of Thyestes, who became by him the mother of
Aegisthus, _Agam._ 30, 294.
PELOPS, the son of Tantalus; he was slain by his father and served as
a banquet to the gods, _Thy._ *144; restored by the gods to life,
and Tantalus punished (see TANTALUS); Tantalus and Pelops models for
outrageous sin, _ibid._ 242; his house doomed to sin, _ibid._ 22;
degenerate and shameful, _ibid._ 625; supposed to have been the settler
of the Peloponnesus (whence the name of the land), having come from
Phrygia, _H. Fur._ 1165; _Tro._ 855; _Agam._ 563; his palace described
at length, _Thy._ *641.
PELŌRUS, a promontory in Sicily opposite the coast of Italy; Sicilian
Pelorus shall be one land with Italy--stated as type of the last
extreme of improbability, _H. Oet._ 81; the sea-monster Scylla was
supposed to dwell under this promontory, _Med._ 350.
PENTHESILĒA, a celebrated queen of the Amazons, who came to the aid of
Priam; she was armed with battle-axe and moon-shaped shield, _Agam._
217; her fierce struggles in battle described, _Tro._ 672; slain by
Achilles, _ibid._ 243.
PENTHEUS, a king of Thebes, son of Echion and Agave; he opposed the
introduction of the worship of Bacchus into his kingdom; while spying
on his mother and her sisters who were engaged in the worship of
Bacchus on Mt. Cithaeron, he was torn in pieces by them whom Bacchus
had driven to madness, _Phoen._ 15, 363; _Oed._ 441, 483; his shade
comes up from hades, torn and bleeding still, _ibid._ 618.
PERICLYMENUS, a son of Neptune, who had power of changing into various
forms; he was one of the Argonauts, and was slain by Hercules, _Med._
635.
PERSEUS, son of Danaë whom Jove approached in the form of a golden
shower, _H. Fur._ 13; earned a place in heaven by slaying the Gorgon,
_H. Oet._ 51, 94.
PHAEDRA (_Hippolytus or Phaedra_), daughter of Minos, king of Crete,
and Pasiphaë, daughter of the Sun, _Hip._ 155, 156, 678, 688, 888; the
Minotaur is her brother, _ibid._ 174; Ariadne was her sister, _ibid._
760, 245; bewails her exile from Crete, and her marriage to a foreign
and a hostile prince (Theseus), _ibid._ 85; confesses to her nurse that
she is swayed by an unnatural passion, _ibid._ 113; confesses her love
to Hippolytus, _ibid._ 640; is scorned by him, _ibid._ *671; confesses
her sin to her husband and slays herself, _ibid._ 1159.
PHAËTHON, son of Clymene and Phoebus; desiring to prove his sonship to
Phoebus, he claimed the privilege of driving his father's chariot for
one day; he was hurled from the car by the runaway steeds, _Hip._ 1090;
and smitten to death by a thunderbolt of Jove, _H. Oet._ 854; he is a
warning against over-ambition and impious daring, _ibid._ 677; _Med._
599; gave a magic fire to Medea, _ibid._ 826.
PHAËTHONTIADES, the sisters of Phaëthon, who immoderately wept for his
death where his charred body fell on the banks of the Po, and were
changed into poplar trees, _H. Oet._ 188.
PHASIS, a river of Colchis, the country of Medea, _Med._ 44, 211, 451,
762; _Hip._ 907; _Agam._ 120; Medea named from the river, _H. Oet._ 950.
PHERAE, a city in Thessaly, ruled over by Admetus, husband of Alcestis,
who died herself that so she might redeem him from death, _Med._ 663;
it was here that Apollo, being doomed to serve a mortal for a year,
kept the flocks of Admetus, _H. Fur._ 451.
PHILOCTĒTES (_Hercules Oetaeus_), a Thessalian prince, son of Poeas,
and a friend of Hercules; he appears upon the scene of the death
of Hercules, _H. Oet._ 1604; receives the famous bow and arrows of
Hercules, _ibid._ 1648; applies the torch to the pyre of his friend,
_ibid._ 1727; describes in detail to the nurse the death of Hercules,
_ibid._ *1610.
PHILIPPI, a city of Thrace, celebrated by the victory gained there by
Antony and Octavianus over the forces of Brutus and Cassius, _Oct._ 516.
PHILOMĒLA, a daughter of Pandion, king of Athens, and sister of Procne,
who had married Tereus, king of Thrace; she suffered outrage at his
hands, and, with her sister, punished him by slaying his son Itys and
serving him to the father; she was changed into a nightingale, and ever
mourns for Itys, _Agam._ 670; _H. Oet._ 199; described, except for her
name (_Thracia pellex_), purely as a nightingale singing at sunrise and
hovering over her young, _H. Fur._ 146.
PHINEUS, king of Salmydessus on the coast of Thrace; blind and
tormented by the Harpies, _Thy._ 154; still in hades, as on earth,
tormented, _H. Fur._ 759.
PHLEGETHON, a river in the lower world, flowing with streams as of
fire, _Oed._ 162; _Thy._ 73, 1018; it encircles the guilty with its
fiery streams, _Hip._ 1227; mentioned instead of the Styx, as the
river over which Charon rows his boat, _Agam._ 753; connotes hades in
general, _Hip._ 848.
PHLEGRA, a vale in Thrace where the giants fought with the gods, _Thy._
810; Hercules assisted the gods in this struggle, _H. Fur._ 444.
PHOEBUS, one of the names of Apollo as the "shining one." Under this
name he is most frequently conceived of as the sun-god, driving his
fiery chariot across the sky, seeing all things, darkening his face
or withdrawing from the sky at sight of monstrous sin, lord of the
changing seasons, etc., _H. Fur._ 595, 607, 844, 940; _Phoen._ 87;
_Med._ 728, 874; _Hip._ 889; _Oed._ 250; _Agam._ 42, 816; _Thy._ 776,
789, 838; _H. Oet._ 2, 680, 792, 1387, 1439, 1442; his sister is Luna,
or Phoebe, _H. Fur._ 905; _Med._ 86; _Hip._ 311; _Oed._ 44; the name,
Phoebus, is frequently used merely of the sun, its bright light, its
burning heat, etc., without personification, _H. Fur._ 25, 940; _Tro._
1140; _Med._ 298, 768; _Oed._ 122, 540, 545; _Agam._ 463, 577; _Thy._
602; _H. Oet._ 41, 337, 666, 688, 727, 1022, 1581, 1624, 1699; he is
more intimately concerned in the affairs of men, and appears on earth;
he is the grandfather of Medea, _Med._ 512; the father of Pasiphaë,
_Hip._ 126, 154, 654, 889; the lover and inspirer of Cassandra, _Tro._
978; _Agam._ 255, 722; he is god of prophesy, giving oracles to
mortals, _Med._ 86; _Oed._ 20, 34, 214, 222, 225, 231, 235, 269, 288,
291, 296, 719, 1046; _Agam._ 255, 294, 295; he is god of the lyre, _H.
Fur._ 906; _Oed._ 498; _Agam._ 327; and of the bow, _H. Fur._ 454;
_Hip._ 192; _Agam._ 327, 549; his tree is the laurel, _Oed._ 228, 453;
_Agam._ 588; Cilla is dear to him, _Tro._ 227; he is the beautiful
god of the flowing locks, _Hip._ 800; worshiped under the name of
Smintheus, _Agam._ 176; hymn in praise of, _ibid._ 310; slew the Python
with his arrows, _H. Fur._ 454; exposed the shame of Venus and for this
cause Venus' wrath is upon his descendants, _Hip._ 126; he kept the
flocks of Admetus, king of Pherae, for a year, _ibid._ 296.
PHORBAS (_Oedipus_), an old man, head shepherd of the royal flocks,
forced by Oedipus to tell the secret of the king's birth, _Oed._ 867.
PHRIXUS, son of Athamas and Nephele, and brother of Helle; persecuted
by his stepmother, Ino, he fled away through the air with his sister
upon a golden-fleeced ram obtained from Mercury, _Tro._ 1034; on the
way Helle fell into the sea, called Hellespont from this incident, _H.
Oet._ 776; for this same reason the Aegean Sea is called Phrixian Sea,
_Agam._ 565; Phrixus fared on alone to Colchis, where he sacrificed the
ram and presented the golden fleece to Aeëtes; the golden fleece was
the object of the quest of the Argonauts, _Med._ 361, 471.
PIRITHOÜS, a son of Ixion, _Hip._ 1235; a close friendship existed
between him and Theseus, and they shared all their adventures; when
Pirithoüs formed the mad project of stealing Proserpina from hades,
Theseus accompanied him thither, _ibid._ 94, 244, 831.
PISA, an ancient city of Elis where the Olympic games, sacred to Jove,
were held, _H. Fur._ 840; _Thy._ 123; _Agam._ 938.
PISCES, the zodiacal constellation of the Fish, _Thy._ 866.
PLEÏADES, called also Atlantides, the seven daughters of Atlas and
Pleione, three of whom, Electra, Maia, and Taÿgete, were beloved of
Jove, _H. Fur._ 10; spoken of as a constellation which pales before the
moon, _Med._ 96.
PLISTHENES, a son of Thyestes, slain by Atreus, _Thy._ 726.
PLUTO, brother of Jupiter and Neptune, and lord of the under world of
shades, _H. Fur._ 560, 658; _Oed._ 256, 869; _Med._ 11; _Hip._ 625,
1240; _H. Oet._ 559, 935, 938, 1142, 1369, 1954; he is called the "grim
Jove," _H. Fur._ 608, and the "dark Jove," _H. Oet._ 1705; he obtained
his kingdom by drawing lots with his two brothers, _H. Fur._ 833; his
wife is Proserpina, _ibid._ 658; Theseus and Pirithoüs try to steal his
wife, _Hip._ 95; they are punished by being placed upon an enchanted
rock, _ibid._ 625; he is prevailed upon by Hercules to give up Cerberus
to be led to the upper world, _H. Fur._ 805; _H. Oet._ 559; at the same
time he gives up Theseus to Hercules, _H. Fur._ 805; _Hip._ 1152; he
is the uncle of Hercules, _H. Oet._ 328; and of Pallas, _Hip._ 1152;
unmoved by tears, _H. Fur._ 578; conquered by the music of Orpheus,
_ibid._ 582; his court and appearance described, _ibid._ *721.
POLLUX, see CASTOR.
POLYBUS, king of Corinth, who adopted and reared the exposed infant,
Oedipus, _Oed._ 12, 270; his peaceful death announced by messenger to
Oedipus, _ibid._ 784.
POLYNĪCES (_Phoenissae_), son of Oedipus and Jocasta; wronged by his
brother Eteocles in the matter of the kingdom of Thebes, he fled
to Adrastus, king of Argos, who gave him refuge and made him his
son-in-law. To avenge Polynices, Adrastus marched against Thebes
with an army headed by seven famous chiefs of Greece, _Phoen._ 58,
320; Oedipus prophesies this fraternal strife and predicts that the
brothers will slay each other, _ibid._ 273, 334, 355; remains in exile
at the court of Adrastus three years before returning against Thebes
to enforce his rights, _ibid._ 370, *502; the hardships of his exile
described, _ibid._ *586; appears before the walls of Thebes at the head
of an army, _ibid._ 387; the battle pauses while Jocasta appeals to her
sons, _ibid._ 434. See ETEOCLES.
POLYXENA, a daughter of Priam and Hecuba, one of the captive Trojan
women; the ghost of Achilles, who in life had been enamored of her,
and with whom both Priam and Hector had had negotiations touching the
maiden, appears to the Greeks and demands that she be now sacrificed on
the tomb of Achilles, _Tro._ 170; Calchas ratifies her doom, _ibid._
360; Helen announces this fate to her, and she receives it with joy,
_ibid._ 945; her death described in detail by a messenger, _ibid._
*1117; she is described as gaily leading the Trojan maidens in a dance
about the wooden horse, unconscious of the doom so soon to come to her,
_Agam._ 641.
POPPAEA (_Octavia_), one of the most beautiful and unscrupulous women
of her time; she was first married to Rufus Crispinus, a prefect of
pretorian cohorts under Claudius; she abandoned him for Otho, and him,
in turn, she left to become the mistress of Nero, and the rival of
Nero's wife, Octavia, _Oct._ 125; in order to further her schemes she
influenced Nero to murder his mother, _ibid._ 126; demanded the death
of Octavia, _ibid._ 131; with child by Nero, _ibid._ 188, 591; her
rejection by Nero prophesied, _ibid._ 193; her beauty lauded by Nero,
who announced her as his next wife, _ibid._ 544; her wedding with Nero
cursed by the ghost of Agrippina, _ibid._ 595; her marriage described,
_ibid._ *698; is terrified by strange dream of Agrippina's ghost, and
of her former husband, Crispinus, _ibid._ *712.
PRIAM, king of Troy; in his youth, at the first taking of Troy, he
was spared by Hercules and allowed to retain the throne, _Tro._ 719;
pictured as viewing the contending hosts from the battlements of Troy
in company with his little grandson, Astyanax, _ibid._ *1068; sues
to Achilles for the dead body of Hector, _ibid._ 315, 324; his city
destroyed through the baleful power of love, _Oct._ 817; description
of his death at the hands of Pyrrhus, _Tro._ *44; _Agam._ 655; he fell
before the altar of Hercean Jove, _Agam._ 448, 792; pathetic contrast
of his death with his former greatness, _Tro._ 140.
PROCNE, daughter of Pandion, and wife of Tereus, king of Thrace; she,
in revenge for the outrage upon her sister, Philomela, committed by her
husband, served to him his own son, Itys, _H. Oet._ 953; _Agam._ 673;
_Thy._ 275.
PROCRUSTES, a famous robber of Attica, killed by Theseus, _Hip._ 1170;
_Thy._ 1050.
PROETIDES, daughters of Proetus, king of Argolis; they counted
themselves more beautiful than Juno, and also refused to worship
Bacchus. The god drove them to a madness in which they thought
themselves cows, and went wandering through the woods. This act won for
him the favor of Juno, _Oed._ 486.
PROMĒTHEUS, a son of Iapetus and Clymene; he gave the gift of fire to
mortals, _Med._ 821; for this act he was bound by Jove's command to
a crag of Mount Caucasus, where an eagle fed upon his ever-renewed
vitals, _H. Fur._ 1206; _Med._ 709; _H. Oet._ 1378.
PROSERPINA, daughter of Ceres and Jupiter; stolen away by Pluto and
made his queen in hades, _Med._ 12; _H. Fur._ 1105; sought in vain by
her mother over the whole world, _ibid._ 659; Pirithoüs and Theseus
attempted to steal her away from the lower world, _Hip._ 95.
PROTEUS, son of Oceanus and Tethys, shepherd and guardian of the
sea-calves, _Hip._ 1205.
PYLADES, son of Strophius, king of Phocis, and one of the sisters of
Agamemnon; he accompanied his father as charioteer on the occasion of
Strophius' visit to Argos just after Agamemnon's murder; they take
Orestes away and so save him from death, _Agam._ 940.
PYROMANTĪA, soothsaying by means of fire, practiced by Tiresias in his
effort to discover the murderer of Laïus, _Oed._ *307.
PYRRHA, the sister of Deucalion, saved with him from the flood, _Tro._
1038. See DEUCALION.
PYRRHUS (_Troades_), a son of the young Achilles and Deïdamia, the
daughter of Lycomedes, king of Scyros; born on the island of Scyros,
_Tro._ 339; quarreled with Ulysses inside the wooden horse, _Agam._
635; slew old Priam, _Tro._ 44, 310.
PYTHON, a huge serpent or dragon that sprang from the slime of the
earth after the flood had subsided; slain by Apollo, _H. Oet._ 93;
_Med._ 700.
R
RHADAMANTHUS, a son of Jupiter and Europa, and brother of Minos; he
was made one of three judges in hades, _H. Fur._ 734.
RHESUS, a king of Thrace who came, late in the Trojan War, to the aid
of Priam; there was an oracle that Troy could never be taken if the
horses of Rhesus should drink the waters of the Xanthus, and feed upon
the grass of the Trojan plain; this oracle was frustrated by Ulysses
and Diomedes, _Agam._ 216.
S
SATURN, son of Coelus and Terra, who succeeded to his father's kingdom
of the heavens and earth; the golden age was said to have been in his
reign, _Oct._ 395; had been dethroned by his three sons, Jupiter,
Neptune, and Pluto, who divided up his kingdom among themselves; he is
conceived of as chained in hades by Pluto, _H. Oet._ 1141; Hercules
threatens to unchain him against Jove unless the latter grant him a
place in heaven, _H. Fur._ 965.
SCALES (_Libra_), the zodiacal constellation marking the autumnal
equinox, _H. Fur._ 842.
SCIRON, a celebrated robber in Attica, who threw his victims over the
cliffs into the sea; he was slain by Theseus, _Hip._ 1023, 1225.
SCORPION, one of the zodiacal constellations, _Thy._ 859.
SCYLLA, one of the two shipwrecking monsters in the Sicilian Strait,
_H. Fur._ 376; _H. Oet._ 235; _Med._ 350, 407; _Thy._ 579. See
CHARYBDIS.
SCYTHIA, a name given by the ancients to a portion of northern Asia of
indefinite extent; a description of its nomadic tribes, frozen streams,
changing aspect of the country with the changing seasons, _H. Fur._
*533.
SEMELE, a Theban princess, daughter of Cadmus, beloved of Jove by whom
she became the mother of Bacchus, _H. Fur._ 16; she was blasted by a
thunderbolt while the child, Bacchus, was still unborn, _H. Fur._ 457;
_H. Oet._ 1804. See BACCHUS.
SENECA (_Octavia_), introduced into the play in the character of Nero's
counselor, _Oct._ 377; he recalls his life in exile in Corsica, and
considers it far happier and safer than his present life, _ibid._ 381;
he strives in vain to prevent the marriage of Nero and Poppaea, _ibid._
695.
SERES, a nation of Asia, supposed to be identical with the Chinese;
they gather silken threads (spun by the silkworm) from trees, _H. Oet._
666; _Hip._ 389.
SILĀNUS, L. Junius, praetor in A.D. 49; he was the betrothed husband of
Octavia, but put out of the way by court intriguers that Octavia might
marry Nero, _Oct._ 145.
SILĒNUS, a demigod, the foster-father and constant attendant of
Bacchus, _Oed._ 429.
SINIS, a giant robber of the Isthmus of Corinth, who bent down treetops
and, fixing his victims to these, shot them through the air; he was
slain by Theseus, _H. Oet._ 1393; _Hip._, 1169, 1223.
SINON, a Greek warrior, who deceived the Trojans as to the character
and purpose of the wooden horse, and so procured the downfall of Troy,
_Tro._ 39; _Agam._ *626.
SIPYLUS, a mountain in Phrygia, on whose top Niobe, changed to stone,
was said to sit and weep eternally over her lost children, _H. Oet._
185; _Agam._ 394; _H. Fur._ 391. See NIOBE.
SIRENS, mythical maidens dwelling on an island of the ocean, whose
beautiful singing lured sailors to destruction, _H. Oet._ 190; they
were passed in safety by the Argonauts because Orpheus played sweeter
music, _Med._ 355.
SISYPHUS, the son of Aeolus, was said to have been the founder of
ancient Corinth, and father of Creon, _Med._ 512, 776; _Oed._ 282; for
his disobedience to the gods he was set to rolling a huge stone up a
hill in hades, which ever rolled back again and so renewed his toil,
_Med._ 746; _Hip._ 1230; _Agam._ 16; _H. Fur._ 751; _Thy._ 6; _Oct._
622; _H. Oet._ 942, 1010; the stone followed the magical music of
Orpheus, _ibid._ 1081.
SMINTHEUS, an epithet of Phoebus Apollo, _Agam._ 176.
SOL, the sun personified as the sun-god, used with the same force as
Phoebus, _H. Fur._ 37, 61; _Med._ 29, 210; _Thy._ 637, 776, 789, 822,
990, 1035; _Hip._ 124, 1091; _H. Oet._ 150.
SOMNUS, the god of sleep, brother of death, _H. Fur._ 1069; called the
son of Astraea, _ibid._ 1068; characteristics, symbols, and powers
described at length, _ibid._ *1065.
SPHINX, a fabulous monster with the face of a woman, the breast, feet,
and tail of a lion, and the wings of a bird; sent to harass Thebes,
slaying everyone who passed her and who could not answer her riddle,
_Oed._ 246; _Phoen._ 120, 131; Oedipus' encounter with her described,
_Oed._ *92; slain by Oedipus, _ibid._ 641; seen by Creon among the
shapes in hades, called by him the "Ogygian (i. e., Boeotian or Theban)
pest," _ibid._ 589; used as type of winged speed, _Phoen._ 422.
STROPHIUS (_Agamemnon_), see PYLADES.
STYMPHALIAN BIRDS, monstrous creatures haunting a pool near the town of
Stymphalus in Arcadia; they were killed by Hercules as his sixth labor,
_H. Fur._ 244; _Med._ 783; _Agam._ 850; _H. Oet._ 1237, 1890; used as
type of winged speed, _Phoen._ 422.
STYX, a river of hades, _H. Fur._ 780; _Oed._ 162; over which
spirits must pass into the world of the dead, the river of death; in
Seneca, this conception is not confined to the Styx, but is used of
that river in common with the Acheron, _H. Fur._ *713; _Hip._ 1180;
_Agam._ 608; the Lethe, _Hip._ 148; _H. Oet._ 1161, 1550; and the
Phlegethon, _Agam._ *750; it is upon the Styx alone, however, that
the gods swear their inviolable oaths, _H. Fur._ 713; _Hip._ 944;
_Thy._ 666; _H. Oet._ 1066; from meaning the river of death, it comes
to mean death itself, _H. Fur._ 185, 558; in its most frequent use,
the river signifies the lower world in general, the land of the dead;
so are found Stygian "shades," "homes," "caverns," "ports," "gates,"
"borders," "torches," "fires," etc., _H. Fur._ 54, 90, 104, 1131;
_Tro._ 430; _Med._ 632, 804; _Hip._ 477, 625, 928, 1151; _Oed._ 396,
401, 621; _Agam._ 493; _Thy._ 1007; _H. Oet._ 77, 560, 1014, 1145,
1198, 1203, 1711, 1766, 1870, 1919, 1983; _Oct._ 24, 79, 135, 162, 263,
594; Cerberus is the "Stygian dog" and "Stygian guardian," _Agam._
13; _Hip._ 223; _H. Oet._ 79, 1245; the "deep embrace of Styx" is the
pit which Andromache prays may open up beneath Hector's tomb and hide
Astyanax, _Tro._ 520; the boat on which Agrippina was to meet her death
is called the Stygian boat, _Oct._ 127.
SYMPLEGADES (the "clashers"), two rocks or crags at the entrance of the
Euxine Sea which, according to tradition, clashed together when any
object passed between them; escaped by the Argo, _Med._ 341, 456, 610;
Hercules prays that he may be crushed to death between these rocks, _H.
Fur._ 1210; used as a type of a hard crag, _H. Oet._ 1273, 1380.
T
TAENARUS (also written TAENARA), a promontory on the southernmost point
of the Peloponnesus, near which was a cave, said to be the entrance
to the lower world, _Tro._ 402; _H. Fur._ 587, *663, 813; _Oed._ 171;
_Hip._ 1203; _H. Oet._ 1061, 1771.
TAGUS, a river of Spain, celebrated for its golden sands, _H. Fur._
1325; _Thy._ 354; _H. Oet._ 626.
TANTALUS (_Thyestes_) (1), a king of Lydia, son of Jupiter and the
nymph, Pluto, father of Pelops and of Niobe, _H. Fur._ 390; _Oed._ 613;
_Med._ 954; _Agam._ 392; _H. Oet._ 198; because of his outrageous sin
against the gods (see PELOPS) he was doomed to suffer in hades endless
pangs of hunger and thirst, with fruit and water almost within reach of
his lips, _H. Fur._ *752; _Hip._ 1232; _Agam._ 19; _Thy._ 1011; _Oct._
621; his sin described and punishment portrayed in detail, _Thy._ *137;
his ghost appears, describes his sufferings in hades, and is incited
by a fury to urge on his house to greater crimes, _ibid._ 1; Deianira
prays that she may take his punishment upon herself, _H. Oet._ 943;
Medea prays that he may come and drink of the waters of Corinth, and
that Creon may take his place in hades, _Med._ 745; used as type of
outrageous sinner, _Thy._ 242; he forgets his thirst in his grief for
the disasters which threaten his house, _Agam._ 769; he forgets his
thirst under the influence of Orpheus' music, _H. Oet._ 1075.
TANTALUS (_Thyestes_) (2), one of the sons of Thyestes, great-grandson
of Tantalus (1), encourages his father to hope for reconciliation with
his brother, Atreus, _Thy._ 421; slain by Atreus, _ibid._ 718.
TARTARUS (also written TARTARA), in its strict sense, that portion of
the lower world devoted to the punishment of the wicked, hell, the
abode of the furies and of those like Tantalus, Ixion, etc., who are
suffering torments, _H. Fur._ 86; _Oed._ 161; _Med._ 742; _Oct._ 965;
in the great majority of cases, however, Tartarus is the lower world in
general, whence ghosts come back to earth, _Agam._ 2; _Oct._ 593; to
which Orpheus went in search of his wife, _Med._ 632; _H. Oet._ 1064;
to which Hercules went to bring thence Cerberus, _H. Oet._ 461; _Hip._
844; where was the palace of Dis, _ibid._ 951; _Agam._ 751; where
Cerberus stands guard, _H. Fur._ 649; _H. Oet._ 1770; where are the
"Tartarian pools," _Hip._ 1179; and so in general, _H. Fur._ 436, 710,
889, 1225; _Oed._ 869; _Phoen._ 144, 145; _Thy._ 1013, 1071; _H. Oet._
1126, 1119, 1514, 1705, 1779; _Oct._ 223, 644.
TAURUS, the second zodiacal constellation, the Bull, which poets feign
was the bull in the form of which Jupiter bore Europa from Phoenicia to
Crete, _H. Fur._ 9, 952; _Thy._ 852.
TELEPHUS, a king of Mysia, wounded by Achilles' spear, and afterward
cured by application of the rust scraped from its point, _Tro._ 215.
TEREUS, a king of Thrace, whose barbarous feast upon his own son, Itys,
is called the "Thracian crime," _Thy._ 56. See PHILOMELA and PROCNE.
TETHYS, the goddess of the sea, used frequently for the sea itself, in
which the sun sets and from which it rises, _Hip._ 571, 1161; _H. Fur._
887, 1328; _Tro._ 879; _Med._ 378; _H. Oet._ 1252, 1902.
THEBES, the capital city of Boeotia, founded by Cadmus, _H. Fur._ 268;
its walls built by the magic of Amphion's lyre, _ibid._ 262; famed
for frequent visits of the gods, especially of Jove, _ibid._ 265;
plague-smitten under Oedipus, who laments the disaster, _Oed._ *37;
plague described at length by the chorus, _ibid._ *125; a curse fell
upon Thebes from the time of Cadmus, _ibid._ *709; conquered by Lycus,
the usurper, who slew King Creon, the father of Megara, _H. Fur._ 270;
scene of the _Hercules Furens_, _Oedipus_, and _Phoenissae_ (in part).
THESEUS (_Hercules Furens_, _Hippolytus_), king of Athens, son of
Aegeus and Aethra, daughter of Pittheus, king of Troezene; according to
tradition also reputed the son of Neptune, who had granted him three
wishes, _Hip._ 942, 943, 1252; the last of which he used against his
son, Hippolytus, _ibid._ 945; went to Crete to slay the Minotaur; his
beautiful appearance described, _ibid._ *646, 1067; finds his way out
of the labyrinth by aid of a thread given him by Ariadne, _ibid._ 650,
662; fled with Ariadne, but deserted her on Naxos, _Oed._ 488; was the
cause of his father's death, since he did not display the white sail on
his return to Athens from slaying the Minotaur, _Hip._ 1165; married
Antiope, the Amazon, who became the mother of Hippolytus, but afterward
slew her, _ibid._ 226, 927, 1167; married Phaedra, _ibid. passim_;
went to hades with his bosom friend, Pirithoüs, to assist the latter
in carrying away Proserpina, _ibid._ 91, 627; the two were apprehended
by Dis and set upon an enchanted rock which held them fast, _H. Fur._
1339; Theseus was rescued by Hercules, _ibid._ 806; _H. Oet._ 1197,
1768; _Hip._ 843; returns from hades, _ibid._ 829.
THESPIADES, the fifty daughters of Thespius, loved by Hercules, _H.
Oet._ 369.
THETIS, a sea-goddess, daughter of Nereus; she was given as wife
to Peleus, _Med._ 657; _Oct._ 707; and became by him the mother of
Achilles, _Tro._ 346, 880; _Agam._ 616; to keep her son from the Trojan
War she hid him disguised in garments of a girl at the court of King
Lycomedes, _Tro._ 213; but this ruse was discovered and exposed by
Ulysses, _ibid._ 569.
THULE, the farthest known land, differing with different stages of
development of human knowledge; the time will come when all lands will
be known, and there will be no _ultima Thule_, _Med._ 379.
THYESTES (_Thyestes_, _Agamemnon_), see ATREUS.
TIPHYS, the pilot of the Argo, _Med._ 3, 318; picture of his management
of the vessel, _ibid._ *318; grew pale at sight of the Symplegades,
_ibid._ 346; his tragic death, *617.
TIRESIAS (_Oedipus_), a celebrated prophet of Thebes, father of
Manto; blind and old, he is led by his daughter into the presence
of Oedipus, where he attempts by various processes to discover the
murderer of Laïus, _Oed._ 288; practices _pyromantia_, _capnomantia_,
_hieroscopia_, and later _necromantia_, _ibid._ *307; discovers by the
last process that Oedipus himself slew Laïus, _ibid._ *530.
TISIPHONE, one of the furies who seems to appear to the distracted
Deianira, _H. Oet._ 1012; seems to appear to the mad Hercules, guarding
the door of hell since Cerberus has been removed, _H. Fur._ 984. See
FURIES.
TITANS, a name given to the sons of Coelus and Terra, one of whom was
Hyperion, identified by Homer with the sun. The Titans warred against
one of their own number, Saturn, who had succeeded to the throne of his
father. The word is, however, frequently confounded with the Giants,
who banded together to dethrone Jove; they piled up mountains in their
attempt to scale heaven, but were overthrown by Jove's thunderbolt and
buried under Sicily, _H. Fur._ 79, 967; _Med._ 410; _Agam._ 340; _H.
Oet._ 144, 1212, 1309; in all other passages in Seneca, Titan means
the sun, more or less completely personified as the sun-god, lord and
ruler of the day, _H. Fur._ 124, 133, 443, 1060, 1333; _Med._ 5; Tro.
170; _Hip._ 678, 779; _Oed._ 1, 40; _Thy._ 120, 785, 1095; _Agam._ 460,
908; _H. Oet._ 42, 291, 423, 488, 723, 781, 891, 968, 1111, 1131, 1163,
1287, 1512, 1518, 1566, 1575, 1760; _Oct._ 2. See GIANTS, PHOEBUS.
TITYUS, a giant, son of Earth, who offered violence to Latona; for
this he was punished in hades, where a vulture kept feeding upon his
ever-renewed vitals, _H. Fur._ 756, 977; _H. Oet._ 947; _Hip._ 1233;
_Agam._ 17; _Thy._ 9, 806; _Oct._ 622; relieved for a while by the
music of Orpheus, _H. Oet._ 1070.
TMOLUS, a mountain in Lydia, a favorite haunt of Bacchus, _Phoen._ 602.
TOXEUS, a youth slain by Hercules, _H. Oet._ 214.
TRIPTOLEMUS, son of the king of Eleusis, through whom Ceres gave the
arts of agriculture to mankind, _Hip._ 838.
TRITONS, sea-deities; they sung the marriage chorus of Achilles, _Tro._
202.
TRIVIA, an epithet of Diana, because she presided over places where
three roads meet, _Agam._ 382; _Oct._ 978; applied by association to
Luna, the heavenly manifestation of Diana, _Med._ *787.
TROÏLUS, a son of Priam, slain by Achilles, _Agam._ 748.
TROY, an ancient city of Troas, whose walls were built by Neptune and
Apollo, _Tro._ 7; it was first destroyed under the reign of Laomedon,
father of Priam, by Hercules and Telamon, because of the perfidy of
Laomedon, _Agam._ 614, 862; _Tro._ 135, *719; its second fall was after
ten years of siege by the Greeks, _Tro._ 74; her festal day turned
out to be a day of doom, _Agam._ 791; it is not the Greek heroes who
destroyed Troy, but the lying traitor, Sinon, who deceived the Trojans
about the wooden horse, _ibid._ 615; mourning for the fall of Troy,
_ibid._ 589; distant view of the smouldering ruins as seen by the Greek
vessels from the sea on their homeward voyage, _ibid._ 456.
TULLIA, a daughter of Servius Tullius, king of Rome; her impious sin
and its punishment, _Oct._ 304.
TYNDARIDAE, Castor and Pollux, the sons of Jupiter and Leda, but
falsely named from Tyndarus, the mortal husband of Leda; their stars
give help to sailors, _H. Fur._ 14, 552; _Oct._ 208. See CASTOR, LEDA.
TYPHOEUS, one of the Giants who fought against Jove, _Med._ 773; _Thy._
809.
TYPHON, a giant, apparently the same as Typhoeus, _H. Oet._ 1733;
_Oct._ 238.
TYRRHENE, an epithet applied to the band of Phoenician pirates who
attempted to kidnap Bacchus, _Oed._ 249; to the dolphin, in reference
to the story of how these pirates were changed into dolphins by the
power of Bacchus, _Agam._ 451; to the Tuscan Sea, because the Etrurians
were supposed to have been of Tyrrhenian stock, _Oct._ 311; and to
Inarime, an island, possibly to be identified with Ischia, lying in the
Tyrrhene sea off the coast of Campania, _H. Oet._ 1156.
U
ULYSSES (_Troades_), _Tro. passim._
V
VENUS, a goddess, sprung from the foam of the sea, _Hip._ 274; she is
the goddess of love, _ibid._ 417, 576, 910; _Oct._ 545; the mother of
Cupid, the god of love, _Hip._ 275; _H. Oet._ 543; _Oct._ 697; called
Erycina, because Mt. Eryx in Sicily was sacred to her, _Hip._ 199; she
persecuted the stock of Phoebus (i. e., Pasiphaë and Phaedra), because
that god had published her amours with Mars, _ibid._ 124; cursed
Messalina with insatiate lust, _Oct._ 258; the effect upon the world
which the cessation of the power of Venus would produce, _Hip._ **469;
she has no existence, but is feigned by men as a goddess in order to
excuse their own lusts, _ibid._ 203; used frequently by metonymy for
the passion of love, either lawful or unlawful, _ibid._ 211, 237, 339,
447, 462, 721, 913; _Agam._ 183, 275, 927; _Oct._ 191, 433.
VIRGINIA, the daughter of Virginius, slain by her father to save her
from the lust of Appius Claudius the decemvir, _Oct._ 296.
VIRGO, the zodiacal constellation of the Virgin, Astraea, the daughter
of Jove and Themis, who left the earth last of all the gods on account
of man's sin, _Thy._ 857.
VULCAN, the god of fire; forges the thunderbolts of Jove, _Hip._ 190;
is pierced by Cupid's darts, _ibid._ 193; is called the father of Cupid
and husband of Venus, _Oct._ 560.
Z
ZETES, a winged son of Boreas, who, together with his brother Calaïs,
was a member of the Argonautic expedition; they were slain by Hercules,
_Med._ 634; they had previously driven away the harpies from Phineus,
king of Thrace, _ibid._ 782.
ZETHUS, a Theban prince, son of Antiope, the niece of Lycus, king of
Thebes; he and his twin brother, Amphion, were exposed in infancy on
Mt. Cithaeron, but were saved and brought up by shepherds. Arrived at
manhood they killed Lycus and Dirce, his wife, on account of their
cruelties to Antiope, and together reigned in Thebes. Reference is
made to their rustic life in _H. Fur._ 916; the shade of Zethus comes
up from hades, still holding by the horn the wild bull to which he had
tied Dirce, _Oed._ 610. See DIRCE.
* * * * * *
Transcriber's note:
Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained.
Minor punctuation inconsistencies have been silently corrected.
Corrections:
The first line indicates the original, the second the correction.
p. 31
Hating his bolts of flame at the coming of Bacchus.
Halting his bolts of flame at the coming of Bacchus.
p. 38
And not on thy acocunt hath fate
And not on thy account hath fate
p. 49
Whose hearts are fainting in your breats, behold,
Whose hearts are fainting in your breasts, behold,
p. 105
With serpent vernom, mixing all; and in the broth
With serpent venom, mixing all; and in the broth
p. 258
What honor comes from such an end at this?
What honor comes from such an end as this?
p. 263
_Hercules:_ Whate're is great enough for woman's wrath.
_Hercules:_ Whate'er is great enough for woman's wrath.
p. 338
_Atreus:_ Because they were thy chidlren.
_Atreus:_ Because they were thy children.
p. 501
See ASYTANAX.
See ASTYANAX.
p. 517
He was pursuaded by Pelias
He was persuaded by Pelias
Erratum
p. 512
There is no entry for _Othrys_ in the Index