_After Sept. 13 the German resistance, strengthened by strong
defensive works prepared in advance, checked the French and English
pursuit; then began the "race for the sea." During this long battle
the German staff never lost the hope of turning the allied left wing,
while we hoped to be able to outflank their right wing. The result was
a race which at the end of October extended the fronts of the opposing
armies as far as the North Sea._
In this race the Germans had an advantage over us, namely, the
concentric shape of their front which simplified the problem of
carrying troops and supplies.
In spite of this advantage, the turning movement attempted by their
right with twelve army corps, six reserve corps, and four corps of
cavalry, utterly failed.
This failure confirmed the victory of the Marne.
As early as Sept. 11 Gen. Joffre had directed the effort of Maunoury's
army against the German right wing. But this army was not large enough
to cope with the situation.
So about Sept. 20 a new army was formed on the left of Maunoury's army
and intrusted to Gen. de Castelnau.
This army strongly intrenched itself in the district which stretches
over Lassigny, Roye, and Péronne. It was supported on its left by the
territorial divisions of Gen. Brugère. (Sept. 21-26.)
But still it was inadequate to achieve our end, and on Sept. 30
further north than the army of Castelnau, Maudhuy's army came to the
front, and occupied the region of Arras and Lens, extending toward the
north to co-operate with the divisions coming from Dunkirk.
Nevertheless, all these troops, in presence of the strenuous exertions
of the enemy, formed too thin a line, a line too extended to allow any
breaking.
At that time and at the request of Field Marshal French the
transportation of the English Army from the Aisne to the Lys region
was decided upon.
The valiant Belgian Army which had left Antwerp on Oct. 9 thanks to
the protection of the British and French marines was also on its way
to the Yser region to reinforce the barrier which had to be created
and maintained.
These moves took time. The English Army was only to come into action
by Oct. 20. On the other hand, the Belgian Army, which had been
fighting for three months, was momentarily lacking ammunition. Gen.
Joffre ordered a new effort.
On Oct. 4 he had intrusted to Gen. Foch the mission of co-ordinating
the operations of the armies in the north.
On the 18th he placed at his disposal reinforcements which,
continually increasing until Nov. 12, were to form the French army of
Belgium under the command of Gen. d'Urbal.
This army, in conjunction with the Belgians and an English corps, was
henceforth to fight between the sea and the Lys River.
The Journal de Genève, judging this phase of the war, has written that
the French General Staff, by shifting so swiftly such huge bodies of
troops, gave evidence that it had the situation splendidly in hand.
The result of this effort was a total failure of the German attack in
Flanders.