only through an analysis of the hysterical mental process. From this
analysis we receive the impression that the transition from the
foreconscious to the occupation of consciousness is also connected with
a censorship similar to the one between the Unc. and the Forec. This
censorship, too, begins to act only with the reaching of a certain
quantitative degree, so that few intense thought formations escape it.
Every possible case of detention from consciousness, as well as of
penetration to consciousness, under restriction is found included within
the picture of the psychoneurotic phenomena; every case points to the
intimate and two-fold connection between the censor and consciousness. I
shall conclude these psychological discussions with the report of two
such occurrences.
On the occasion of a consultation a few years ago the subject was an
intelligent and innocent-looking girl. Her attire was strange; whereas a
woman’s garb is usually groomed to the last fold, she had one of her
stockings hanging down and two of her waist buttons opened. She
complained of pains in one of her legs, and exposed her leg unrequested.
Her chief complaint, however, was in her own words as follows: She had a
feeling in her body as if something was stuck into it which moved to and
fro and made her tremble through and through. This sometimes made her
whole body stiff. On hearing this, my colleague in consultation looked
at me; the complaint was quite plain to him. To both of us it seemed
peculiar that the patient’s mother thought nothing of the matter; of
course she herself must have been repeatedly in the situation described
by her child. As for the girl, she had no idea of the import of her
words or she would never have allowed them to pass her lips. Here the
censor had been deceived so successfully that under the mask of an
innocent complaint a phantasy was admitted to consciousness which
otherwise would have remained in the foreconscious.
Another example: I began the psychoanalytic treatment of a boy of
fourteen years who was suffering from _tic convulsif_, hysterical
vomiting, headache, &c., by assuring him that, after closing his eyes,
he would see pictures or have ideas, which I requested him to
communicate to me. He answered by describing pictures. The last
impression he had received before coming to me was visually revived in
his memory. He had played a game of checkers with his uncle, and now saw
the checker-board before him. He commented on various positions that
were favourable or unfavourable, on moves that were not safe to make. He
then saw a dagger lying on the checker-board, an object belonging to his
father, but transferred to the checker-board by his phantasy. Then a
sickle was lying on the board; next a scythe was added; and, finally, he
beheld the likeness of an old peasant mowing the grass in front of the
boy’s distant parental home. A few days later I discovered the meaning
of this series of pictures. Disagreeable family relations had made the
boy nervous. It was the case of a strict and crabbed father who lived
unhappily with his mother, and whose educational methods consisted in
threats; of the separation of his father from his tender and delicate
mother, and the remarrying of his father, who one day brought home a
young woman as his new mamma. The illness of the fourteen-year-old boy
broke out a few days later. It was the suppressed anger against his
father that had composed these pictures into intelligible allusions. The
material was furnished by a reminiscence from mythology. The sickle was
the one with which Zeus castrated his father; the scythe and the
likeness of the peasant represented Kronos, the violent old man who eats
his children and upon whom Zeus wreaks vengeance in so unfilial a
manner. The marriage of the father gave the boy an opportunity to return
the reproaches and threats of his father—which had previously been made
because the child played with his genitals (the checker-board; the
prohibitive moves; the dagger with which a person may be killed). We
have here long repressed memories and their unconscious remnants which,
under the guise of senseless pictures have slipped into consciousness by
devious paths left open to them.
I should then expect to find the theoretical value of the study of
dreams in its contribution to psychological knowledge and in its
preparation for an understanding of neuroses. Who can foresee the
importance of a thorough knowledge of the structure and activities of
the psychic apparatus when even our present state of knowledge produces
a happy therapeutic influence in the curable forms of the
psychoneuroses? What about the practical value of such study someone may
ask, for psychic knowledge and for the discovering of the secret
peculiarities of individual character? Have not the unconscious feelings
revealed by the dream the value of real forces in the psychic life?
Should we take lightly the ethical significance of the suppressed wishes
which, as they now create dreams, may some day create other things?
I do not feel justified in answering these questions. I have not thought
further upon this side of the dream problem. I believe, however, that at
all events the Roman Emperor was in the wrong who ordered one of his
subjects executed because the latter dreamt that he had killed the
Emperor. He should first have endeavoured to discover the significance
of the dream; most probably it was not what it seemed to be. And even if
a dream of different content had the significance of this offence
against majesty, it would still have been in place to remember the words
of Plato, that the virtuous man contents himself with dreaming that
which the wicked man does in actual life. I am therefore of the opinion
that it is best to accord freedom to dreams. Whether any reality is to
be attributed to the unconscious wishes, and in what sense, I am not
prepared to say offhand. Reality must naturally be denied to all
transition—and intermediate thoughts. If we had before us the
unconscious wishes, brought to their last and truest expression, we
should still do well to remember that more than one single form of
existence must be ascribed to the psychic reality. Action and the
conscious expression of thought mostly suffice for the practical need of
judging a man’s character. Action, above all, merits to be placed in the
first rank; for many of the impulses penetrating consciousness are
neutralised by real forces of the psychic life before they are converted
into action; indeed, the reason why they frequently do not encounter any
psychic obstacle on their way is because the unconscious is certain of
their meeting with resistances later. In any case it is instructive to
become familiar with the much raked-up soil from which our virtues
proudly arise. For the complication of human character moving
dynamically in all directions very rarely accommodates itself to
adjustment through a simple alternative, as our antiquated moral
philosophy would have it.
And how about the value of the dream for a knowledge of the future?
That, of course, we cannot consider.[GC] One feels inclined to
substitute: “for a knowledge of the past.” For the dream originates from
the past in every sense. To be sure the ancient belief that the dream
reveals the future is not entirely devoid of truth. By representing to
us a wish as fulfilled the dream certainly leads us into the future; but
this future, taken by the dreamer as present, has been formed into the
likeness of that past by the indestructible wish.
VIII
LITERARY INDEX
Footnote 1:
Aristoteles. _Über Träume und Traumdeutungen._ Translated by Bender.
Footnote 2:
Artemidoros aus Daldis. _Symbolik der Träume._ Translated by
Friedrich. S. Krauss. Wien, 1881.
Footnote 3:
Benini, V. “La Memoria e la Durata dei Sogni.” _Rivista Italiana de
Filosofia_, Marz-April 1898.
Footnote 4:
Binz, C. _Über den Traum._ Bonn, 1878.
Footnote 5:
Borner, J. _Das Alpdrücken, seine Begründung und Verhütung._ Würzburg,
1855.
Footnote 6:
Bradley, J. H. “On the Failure of Movement in Dream.” _Mind_, July
1894.
Footnote 7:
Brander, R. _Der Schlaf und das Traumleben._ 1884.
Footnote 8:
Burdach. _Die Physiologie als Erfahrungswissenschaft_, 3 Bd. 1830.
Footnote 9:
Büchsenschütz, B. _Traum und Traumdeutung in Altertum._ Berlin, 1868.
Footnote 10:
Chaslin, Ph. _Du Rôle du Rêve dans l’Evolution du Délire._ Thèse de
Paris. 1887.
Footnote 11:
Chabaneix. _Le Subconscient chez les Artistes, les Savants et les
Ecrivains._ Paris, 1897.
Footnote 12:
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Statistics of Dreams.” _Amer. J. of
Psychology_, V., 1893.
Footnote 13:
Clavière. “La Rapidité de la Pensée dans le Rêve.” _Revue
philosophique_, XLIII., 1897.
Footnote 14:
Dandolo, G. _La Coscienza nel Sonno._ Padova, 1889.
Footnote 15:
Delage, Yves. “Une Théorie de Rêve.” _Revue scientifique_, II, Juli
1891.
Footnote 16:
Delbœuf, J. _Le Sommeil et les Rêves._ Paris, 1885.
Footnote 17:
Debacker. _Terreurs nocturnes des Enfants._ Thèses de Paris. 1881.
Footnote 18:
Dugas. “Le Souvenir du Rêve.” _Revue philosophique_, XLIV., 1897.
Footnote 19:
Dugas. “Le Sommeil et la Cérébration inconsciente durant le Sommeil.”
_Revue philosophique_, XLIII., 1897.
Footnote 20:
Egger, V. “La Durée apparente des Rêves.” _Revue philosophique_, Juli
1895.
Footnote 21:
Egger. “Le Souvenir dans le Rêve.” _Revue philosophique_, XLVI., 1898.
Footnote 22:
Ellis Havelock. “On Dreaming of the Dead.” _The Psychological Review_,
II., Nr. 5, September 1895.
Footnote 23:
Ellis Havelock. “The Stuff that Dreams are made of.” _Appleton’s
Popular Science Monthly_, April 1899.
Footnote 24:
Ellis Havelock. “A Note on Hypnogogic Paramnesia.” _Mind_, April 1897.
Footnote 25:
Fechner, G. Th. _Elemente der Psychophysik._ 2 Aufl., 1889.
Footnote 26:
Fichte, J. H. “Psychologie.” _Die Lehre vom bewussten Geiste des
Menschen._ I. Teil. Leipzig, 1864.
Footnote 27:
Giessler, M. _Aus den Tiefen des Traumlebens._ Halle, 1890.
Footnote 28:
Giessler, M. _Die physiologischen Beziehungen der Traumvorgänge._
Halle, 1896.
Footnote 29:
Goblot. “Sur le Souvenir des Rêves.” _Revue philosophique_, XLII.,
1896.
Footnote 30:
Graffunder. _Traum und Traumdeutung._ 1894.
Footnote 31:
Griesinger. _Pathologie und Therapie der psychischen Krankheiten._ 3
Aufl. 1871.
Footnote 32:
Haffner, P. “Schlafen und Träumen. 1884.” _Frankfurter zeitgemässe
Broschüren_, 5 Bd., Heft. 10.
Footnote 33:
Hallam, Fl., and Sarah Weed. “A Study of the Dream Consciousness.”
_Amer. J. of Psychology_, VII., Nr. 3, April 1896.
Footnote 34:
D’Hervey. _Les Rêves et les Moyens de les Diriger._ Paris, 1867
(anonym.).
Footnote 35:
Hildebrandt, F. W. _Der Traum und seine Verwertung für Leben._
Leipzig, 1875.
Footnote 36:
Jessen. _Versuch einer Wissenschaftlichen Begründung der Psychologie._
Berlin, 1856.
Footnote 37:
Jodl. _Lehrbuch der Psychologie._ Stuttgart, 1896.
Footnote 38:
Kant, J. _Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht._ Kirchmannsche
Ausgabe. Leipzig, 1880.
Footnote 39:
Krauss, A. “Der Sinn im Wahnsinn.” _Allgemeine Zeitschrift für
Psychologie_, XV. u. XVI., 1858–1859.
Footnote 40:
Ladd. “Contribution to the Psychology of Visual Dreams.” _Mind_, April
1892.
Footnote 41:
Leidesdorf, M. _Das Traumleben._ Wien, 1880. Sammlung der “Alma
Mater.”
Footnote 42:
Lémoine. _Du Sommeil au Point de Vue physiologique et psychologique._
Paris, 1885.
Footnote 43:
Lièbeault, A. _Le Sommeil provoqué et les Etats analogues._ Paris,
1889.
Footnote 44:
Lipps, Th. _Grundtatsachen des Seelenlebens._ Bonn, 1883.
Footnote 45:
Le Lorrain. “Le Rêve.” _Revue philosophique._ Juli 1895.
Footnote 46:
Maudsley. _The Pathology of Mind._ 1879.
Footnote 47:
Maury, A. “Analogies des Phénomènes du Rêve et de l’Aliènation
Mentale.” _Annales med. psych._, 1854, p. 404.
Footnote 48:
Maury, A. _Le Sommeil et les Rêves._ Paris, 1878.
Footnote 49:
Moreau, J. “De l’Identité de l’Etat de Rêve et de Folie.” _Annales
med. psych._, 1855, p. 361.
Footnote 50:
Nelson, J. “A Study of Dreams.” _Amer. J. of Psychology_, I., 1888.
Footnote 51:
Pilcz. “Über eine gewisse Gesetzmässigkeit in den Träumen.”
Autorreferat in _Monatsschrift für Psychologie und Neurologie_. März
1899.
Footnote 52:
Pfaff, E. R. _Das Traumleben und seine Deutung nach den Prinzipien der
Araber, Perser, Griechen, Indier und Ägypter._ Leipzig, 1868.
Footnote 53:
Purkinje. Artikel: _Wachen, Schlaf, Traum und verwandte Zustände in
Wagners Handwörterbuch der Physiologie_. 1846.
Footnote 54:
Radestock, P. _Schlaf und Traum._ Leipzig, 1878.
Footnote 55:
Robert, W. _Der Traum als Naturnotwendigkeit erklärt._ 1886.
Footnote 56:
Sante de Sanctis. _Les Maladies mentales et les Rêves._ 1897. Extrait
des _Annales de la Société de Médecine de Gand_.
Footnote 57:
Sante de Sanctis. “Sui rapporti d’Identità, di Somiglianza, di
Analogia e di Equivalenza fra Sogno e Pazzia.” _Rivista quindicinale
di Psicologia, Psichiatria, Neuropatologia._ 15, Nov. 1897.
Footnote 58:
Scherner, R. A. _Das Leben des Traumes._ Berlin, 1861.
Footnote 59:
Scholz, Fr. _Schlaf und Traum._ Leipzig, 1887.
Footnote 60:
Schopenhauer. “Versuch über das Geistersehen und was damit
zusammenhängt.” _Parerga und Paralipomena_, 1. Bd., 1857.
Footnote 61:
Schleiermacher, Fr. _Psychologie._ Edited by L. George. Berlin, 1862.
Footnote 62:
Siebek, A. _Das Traumleben der Seele._ 1877. _Sammlung
Virchow-Holtzendorf._ Nr. 279.
Footnote 63:
Simon, M. “Le Monde des Rêves.” Paris, 1888. _Bibliothèque
scientifique contemporaine._
Footnote 64:
Spitta, W. _Die Schlaf- und Traumzustände der menschlichen Seele._ 2.
Aufl. Freiburg, I. B., 1892.
Footnote 65:
Stumpf, E. J. G. _Der Traum und seine Deutung._ Leipzig, 1899.
Footnote 66:
Strümpell, L. _Die Natur und Entstehung der Träume._ Leipzig, 1877.
Footnote 67:
Tannery. “Sur la Mémoire dans le Rêve.” _Revue philosophique_, XLV.,
1898.
Footnote 68:
Tissié, Ph. “Les Rêves, Physiologie et Pathologie.” 1898.
_Bibliothèque de Philosophie contemporaine._
Footnote 69:
Titchener. “Taste Dreams.” _Amer. Jour. of Psychology_, VI., 1893.
Footnote 70:
Thomayer. “Sur la Signification de quelques Rêves.” _Revue
neurologique._ Nr. 4, 1897.
Footnote 71:
Vignoli. “Von den Träumen, Illusionen und Halluzinationen.”
_Internationale wissenschaftliche Bibliothek_, Bd. 47.
Footnote 72:
Volkelt, J. _Die Traumphantasie._ Stuttgart, 1875.
Footnote 73:
Vold, J. Mourly. “Expériences sur les Rêves et en particulier sur ceux
d’Origine musculaire et optique.” Christiania, 1896. Abstract in the
_Revue philosophique_, XLII., 1896.
Footnote 74:
Vold, J. Mourly. “Einige Experimente über Gesichtsbilder im Träume.”
_Dritter internationaler Kongress für Psychologie in München._ 1897.
Footnote 74a:
(Vold, J. Mourly. “Über den Traum.” _Experimentell-psychologische
Untersuchungen._ Herausgegeben von O. Klemm. Erster Band. Leipzig,
1910.)
Footnote 75:
Weygandt, W. _Entstehung der Träume._ Leipzig, 1893.
Footnote 76:
Wundt. _Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie._ II. Bd., 2 Aufl.
1880.
Footnote 77:
Stricker. _Studien über das Bewusstsein._ Wien, 1879.
Footnote 78:
Stricker. _Studien über die Assoziation der Vorstellungen._ Wien,
1883.
PSYCHOANALYTIC LITERATURE OF DREAMS
Footnote 79:
Abraham, Karl (Berlin): _Traum und Mythos: Eine Studie zur
Volker-psychologie_. Schriften z. angew. Seelenkunde, Heft 4, Wien und
Leipzig, 1909.
Footnote 80:
Abraham, Karl (Berlin): “Über hysterische Traumzustände.” (_Jahrbuch
f. psychoanalyt. und psychopatholog._ Forschungen, Vol. II., 1910.)
Footnote 81:
Adler, Alfred (Wien): “Zwei Träume einer Prostituierten.”
(_Zeitschrift f. Sexualwissenschaft_, 1908, Nr. 2.)
Footnote 82:
Adler, Alfred (Wien): “Ein erlogener Traum.” (_Zentralbl. f.
Psychoanalyse_, 1. Jahrg. 1910, Heft 3.)
Footnote 83:
Bleuler, E. (Zürich): “Die Psychoanalyse Freuds.” (_Jahrb. f.
psychoanalyt. u. psychopatholog._ Forschungen, Bd. II., 1910.)
Footnote 84:
Brill, A. A. (New York): “Dreams and their Relation to the Neuroses.”
(_New York Medical Journal_, April 23, 1910.)
Brill. Hysterical Dreamy States. Ebenda, May 25, 1912.
Footnote 85:
Ellis, Havelock: “The Symbolism of Dreams.” (_The Popular Science
Monthly_, July 1910.)
Footnote 86:
Ellis, Havelock: _The World of Dreams_. London, 1911.
Footnote 87:
Ferenczi, S. (Budapest): “Die psychologische Analyse der Träume.”
(_Psychiatrisch-neurologische Wochenschrift_, XII., Jahrg., Nr. 11–13,
Juni 1910. English translation under the title: _The Psychological
Analysis of Dreams_ in the _American Journal of Psychology_, April
1910.)
Footnote 88:
Freud, S. (Wien): “Über den Traum.” (_Grenzfragen des Nerven- und
Seelenlebens._ Edited by Löwenfeld und Kurella, Heft 8. Wiesbaden,
Bergmann, 1901, 2. Aufl. 1911.)
Footnote 89:
Freud, S. (Wien): “Bruchstück einer Hysterieanalyse.” (_Monatsschr. f.
Psychiatrie und Neurologie_, Bd. 18, Heft 4 und 5, 1905. Reprinted in
Sammlung kleiner Schriften zur Neurosenlehre, 2. Folge. Leipzig u.
Wien, 1909.)
Footnote 90:
Freud, S. (Wien): “Der Wahn und die Träume in W. Jensen’s _Gradiva_.”
(_Schriften zur angewandten Seelenkunde_, Heft 1, Wien und Leipzig,
1907.)
Footnote 91:
Freud, S. (Wien): “Über den Gegensinn der Urworte.” A review of the
brochure of the same name by Karl Abel, 1884. (_Jahrbuch für
psychoanalyt. und psychopatholog._ Forschungen, Bd. II., 1910.)
Footnote 92:
“Typisches Beispiel eines verkappten Ödipustraumes.” (_Zentralbl. für
Psychoanalyse_, I. Jahrg. 1910, Heft 1.)
Footnote 93:
Freud, S. (Wien): _Nachträge zur Traumdeutung_. (Ebenda, Heft 5.)
Footnote 94:
Hitschmann, Ed. (Wien): _Freud’s Neurosenlehre. Nach ihrem
gegenwärtigen Stande zusammenfassend dargestellt._ Wien und Leipzig,
1911. (Kap. V., “Der Traum.”)
Footnote 95:
Jones, Ernest (Toronto): “Freud’s Theory of Dreams.” (_American
Journal of Psychology_, April 1910.)
Footnote 96:
Jones, Ernest (Toronto): “Some Instances of the Influence of Dreams on
Waking Life.” (_The Journ. of Abnormal Psychology_, April-May 1911.)
Footnote 97:
Jung, C. G. (Zürich): “L’Analyse des Rêves.” (_L’Année psychologique_,
tome XV.)
Footnote 98:
Jung, C. G. (Zürich): “Assoziation, Traum und hysterisches Symptom.”
(_Diagnostische Assoziationsstudien._ Beiträge zur experimentellen
Psychopathologie, hrg. von Doz. C. G. Jung, II. Bd., Leipzig 1910. Nr.
VIII., S. 31–66.)
Footnote 99:
Jung, C. G. (Zürich): “Ein Beitrag zur Psychologie des Gerüchtes.”
(_Zentralblatt für Psychoanalyse_, I. Jahrg. 1910, Heft 3.)
Footnote 100:
Maeder, Alphonse (Zürich): “Essai d’Interprétation de quelques Rêves.”
(_Archives de Psychologie_, t. VI., Nr. 24, April 1907.)
Footnote 101:
Maeder, Alphonse (Zürich): “Die Symbolik in den Legenden, Märchen,
Gebrauchen und Träumen.” (_Psychiatrisch-Neurolog._ Wochenschr. X.
Jahrg.)
Footnote 102:
Meisl, Alfred (Wien): _Der Traum. Analytische Studien über die
Elemente der Psychischen Funktion_ V. (Wr. klin. Rdsch., 1907, Nr.
3–6.)
Footnote 103:
Onuf, B. (New York): “Dreams and their Interpretations as Diagnostic
and Therapeutic Aids in Psychology.” (_The Journal of Abnormal
Psychology_, Feb.-Mar. 1910.)
Footnote 104:
Pfister, Oskar (Zürich): _Wahnvorstellung und Schülerselbstmord. Auf
Grund einer Traumanalyse beleuchtet_. (Schweiz. Blätter für
Schulgesundheitspflege, 1909, Nr. 1.)
Footnote 105:
Prince, Morton (Boston): “The Mechanism and Interpretation of Dreams.”
(_The Journal of Abnormal Psychology_, Oct.-Nov. 1910.)
Footnote 106:
Rank, Otto (Wien): “Ein Traum, der sich selbst deutet.” (_Jahrbuch für
psychoanalyt. und psychopatholog._ Forschungen, Bd. II., 1910.)
Footnote 107:
Rank, Otto (Wien): _Ein Beitrag zum Narzissismus_. (Ebenda, Bd. III.,
1.).
Footnote 108:
Rank, Otto (Wien): “Beispiel eines verkappten Ödipustraumes.”
(_Zentralblatt für Psychoanalyse_, I. Jahrg., 1910.)
Footnote 109:
Rank, Otto (Wien): _Zum Thema der Zahnreiztraume_. (Ebenda.)
Footnote 110:
Rank, Otto (Wien): _Das Verlieren als Symptomhandlung. Zugleich ein
Beitrag zum Verständnis der Beziehungen des Traumlebens zu den
Fehlleistungen des Alltagslebens_. (Ebenda.)
Footnote 111:
Robitsek, Alfred (Wien): “Die Analyse von Egmonts Traum.” (_Jahrb. f.
psychoanalyt. u. psychopathol._ Forschungen, Bd. II. 1910.)
Footnote 112:
Silberer, Herbert (Wien): “Bericht über eine Methode, gewisse
symbolische Halluzinationserscheinungen hervorzurufen und zu
beobachten.” (_Jahr. Bleuler-Freud_, Bd. I., 1909.)
Footnote 113:
Silberer, Herbert (Wien): _Phantasie und Mythos_. (Ebenda, Bd. II.,
1910.)
Footnote 114:
Stekel, Wilhelm (Wien): “Beiträge zur Traumdeutung.” (_Jahrbuch für
psychoanalytische und psychopatholog._ Forschungen, Bd. I., 1909.)
Footnote 115:
Stekel, Wilhelm (Wien): _Nervöse Angstzustände und ihre Behandlung_.
(Wien und Berlin, 1908.)
Footnote 116:
Stekel, Wilhelm (Wien): _Die Sprache des Traumes_. A description of
the symbolism and interpretation of the Dream and its relation to the
normal and abnormal mind for physicians and psychologists. (Wiesbaden,
1911.)
Footnote 117:
Swoboda, Hermann. _Die Perioden des menschlichen Organismus._ (Wien
und Leipzig, 1904.)
Footnote 118:
Waterman, George A. (Boston): “Dreams as a Cause of Symptoms.” (_The
Journal of Abnormal Psychol._, Oct.-Nov. 1910.)
INDEX
Abraham, K., 78, 245
Absurd dreams, 59, 327, 334–364
Absurdity of dreams, 327
Acceleration of thought in dreams, 397
Accidental stimuli, 185, 186
Adler, Alf., 241
Affects, flagging of, 457
— in the dream, 364–389
— inversion of, 375
— restraint of, 372
— sources of, 382
— suppression of, 371, 372, 375
— transformation of, 479
Agoraphobia, 249, 259
Alarm clock dreams, 21, 22, 186
Allegorising interpretation of dreams, 48
— symbolisms, 81
Altruistic impulses, 212
Ambiguity of dreams, 125
Amnesia, 412, 413
Analyses of dreams, 90–102, 116–120, 124–128, 131, 143–146, 155–157,
160–166, 167–183, 193–196, 201–203, 219–221, 227–230, 232–259,
264–283, 308, 309, 312, 317, 318, 320–364, 366–376, 378–389, 397,
398, 460–462
— self, 87
Analysis of dream life, 33
— of psychological formations, 487
Anamnesis, 281
Anxiety dreams, 27, 28, 74, 114, 136, 137, 199, 200, 226, 231, 245,
247, 413, 436, 458–464
Apparent duration of dreams, 53
Arbitrariness in dream interpretation, 190
Aristotle, 2, 27
Arithmetic speeches in dreams, 322–334
Artemidoros of Daldis, 82, 481
Artificial dreams, 81
Artigues, 27
Association dreams, 186
Auditory hallucinations, 26
— pictures, 41
Automatisms, 489
Benedikt, M., 392
Benini, V., 37;
quoted, 59
Bernard, Claude, 414
Binz, C., 63;
quoted, 14, 47
Bisexuality, 481
Bladder-exciting dreams, 72
Bleuler and Freud, 41, 81, 111
Bodily stimuli, 185, 193
— — symbolisation of, 190
Boerner, 28
Brandes, G., 225
Breuer, J., 83, 470
Brill, A. A., 111, 136, 195, 240, 419
Bruecke, 325, 357
Burdach quoted, 4, 5, 41–43, 65, 68, 188
Buzareingues, Giron de, 19
Calkins, Miss Whiton, 15, 16, 36, 186
Causality, law of, 42
Causal relations, 292, 293
Censor of resistance, 287
Cerebral anæmia, 463, 464
Chabaneix, 36, 53
Characteristics of the sleeping state, 466
Chemistry of the sexual processes, 276
Childish impressions, 323
Children’s dreams, 107–112, 155, 438
Chronic psychotic persons, 75
Cicero quoted, 6, 46
Cipher method of interpreting dreams, 82, 83, 87, 245
Clark, G. S., 222
Claustrophobia, 267
Coinage of words in dreams, 279
Complications of the human character, 493
Compositions in dreams, 300, 301
Compression, principle of, 471
Compulsion neurosis, 207, 212, 221
Compulsive ideas, 83, 283
Condensation, principle of, 471
— work of the dream, 261, 283, 288, 315, 358, 430, 472
Condensing activity of the dream, 277
Conflict of psychic forces, 372
— of the will, 208, 312
Connection between dream content and reality, 7
Conscious day phantasies, 393
— end-presentations, 421
— thought activity in dream formations, 445
— wishes, 438, 439
Consciousness, problems of, 490
Consolation dreams, 232
Content of perception, 453, 454
Convenience dreams, 105
Correspondence between dreams and reality, 157
Counter volition, 312
— wish dreams, 133, 135
Curative activity of the dream, 69
Dattner, B., 254
Daudet, A., 268, 392
David, J. J., 280
Day phantasies, 393, 394
Death-wish towards parents, 218
Debacker, 114, 463
De Biran, Maine, 75