THE WINTER LULL OF 1914
Increase of the Array--Formation of the Fifth Corps--The visit of the
King--Third Division at Petit Bois--The fight at Givenchy--Heavy
losses of the Indians--Fine advance of 1st Manchesters--Advance of
the First Division--Singular scenes at Christmas.
The winter lull may be said to have extended from the great combats
at Ypres of the middle of November 1914 to the opening of the spring
campaign in March 1915; but we will only follow it here up to the end
of the year. It was a period of alternate rest and discomfort for
the troops with an ever-present salt of danger. For days they found
themselves billeted with some approach to comfort in the farmhouses
and villages of Flanders, but such brief intervals of peace were
broken by the routine of the trenches, when, in mud or water with a
clay cutting before their faces and another at their backs, they
waited through the long hours, listening to the crack of the sniper's
rifle, or the crash of the bursting shell, with an indifference which
bordered upon thankfulness for anything that would break the drab
monotony of their task. It was a scene of warfare which was new to
military experience. The vast plain of battle lay in front of the
observer as a flat and lonely wilderness, dotted with ruined houses
from which no homely wreath of smoke {319} rose into the wintry air.
Here and there was an untidy litter of wire; here and there also a
clump of bleak and tattered woodland; but nowhere was there any sign
of man. And yet from the elevation of an aeroplane it might be seen
that the population of a large city was lurking upon that motionless
waste. Everywhere the airman would have distinguished the thin brown
slits of the advance trenches, the broader ditches of the supports
and the long zigzags of the communications, and he would have
detected that they were stuffed with men--grey men and khaki, in
every weird garment that ingenuity could suggest for dryness and for
warmth--all cowering within their shelters with the ever-present
double design of screening themselves and of attacking their enemy.
As the German pressure became less, and as more regiments of the
Territorials began to arrive, taking some of the work from their
comrades of the Regulars, it was possible to mitigate something of
the discomforts of warfare, to ensure that no regiments should be
left for too long a period in the trenches, and even to arrange for
week-end visits to England for a certain number of officers and men.
The streets of London got a glimpse of rugged, war-hardened faces,
and of uniforms caked with the brown mud of Flanders, or supplemented
by strange Robinson Crusoe goatskins from the trenches, which brought
home to the least imaginative the nature and the nearness of the
struggle.
[Sidenote: Increase of the Army.]
Before noting those occasional spasms of activity--epileptic,
sometimes, in their sudden intensity--which broke out from the German
trenches, it may be well to take some note of the general development
of those preparations which meant so much for the {320} future. The
Army was growing steadily in strength. Not only were the old
regiments reinforced by fresh drafts, but two new divisions of
Regulars were brought over before the end of January. These formed
the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Divisions under Generals Snow
and Bulfin, two officers who had won a name in the first phase of the
war.
[Sidenote: Formation of the Fifth Corps.]
The two Divisions together formed the Fifth Army Corps under General
Plumer, the officer who had worked so hard for the relief of Mafeking
in 1900. The Divisions, composed of splendid troops who needed some
hardening after tropical service, were constituted as follows, the
list including territorial battalions attached, but excluding the
artillery as well as the four original regular units in each brigade:
FIFTH ARMY CORPS
GENERAL PLUMER.
TWENTY-SEVENTH DIVISION.--General SNOW.
80_th Brigade--General Fortescue._
Princess Pat. Canadians.
4th Rifle Brigade.
3rd King's Royal Rifles.
4th King's Royal Rifles.
2nd Shrop. Light Infantry.
81_st Brigade--General MacFarlane._
9th Royal Scots (T.F.).
2nd Cameron Highlanders.
1st Argyll and Sutherlands.
1st Royal Scots.
2nd Gloucesters.
9th Argyll and Sutherlands (T.F.).
82_nd Brigade--General Longley._
1st Leinsters.
2nd Royal Irish Fusiliers.
2nd Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry.
1st Royal Irish.
1st Cambridge (T.F.).
Army Troops, 6th Cheshires.
{321}
TWENTY-EIGHTH DIVISION.--General BULFIN.
83_rd Brigade--General Boyle._
2nd E. Yorkshire.
1st King's Own York. Light Infantry.
1st Yorks. and Lancasters.
2nd Royal Lancasters.
3rd Monmouths (T.F.).
5th Royal Lancasters (T.F.).
84_th Brigade--General Winter._
2nd Northumberland Fusiliers.
1st Suffolks.
1st Welsh.
2nd Cheshires.
12th London Rangers (T.F.).
1st Monmouths (T.F.).
85_th Brigade--General Chapman._
2nd East Kent.
2nd East Surrey.
3rd Middlesex.
3rd Royal Fusiliers.
8th Middlesex (T.F.).
Besides this new Fifth Army Corps, there had been a constant dribble
of other territorial units to the front, where they were incorporated
with various regular brigades. The London Scottish, which had done
so well, was honoured by admission to the 1st Brigade of Guards. The
Artists' Rifles, 28th London, had the unique distinction of being set
aside as an officers' training corps, from which officers were
actually drawn at the rate of a hundred a month. The Honourable
Artillery Company, brigaded with the 7th Brigade, was among the first
to arrive. Conspicuous among the newcomers were the London Rifle
Brigade, the 4th Suffolk, the Liverpool Scottish, the 5th and 6th
Cheshires, the 1st Herts, the 2nd Monmouthshires, Queen Victoria
Rifles, and Queen's Westminsters. These were among the earlier
arrivals, though it seems invidious to mention names where the spirit
of all was equally good. Among the {322} yeomanry, many had already
seen considerable service--notably the North and South Irish Horse,
who had served from the beginning, the Northumberland Hussars, the
North Somersets, the Oxford Hussars, and the Essex Yeomanry. Most of
the troops named above shared the discomfort of the winter campaign
before the great arrival of the new armies from England in the
spring. There can be no better earned bar upon a medal than that
which stands for this great effort of endurance against nature and
man combined.
To take events in their order: beyond numerous gallant affairs of
outposts, there was no incident of importance until the evening of
November 23, when the Germans, who had seemed stunned for a week or
so, showed signs of returning animation. On this day, some eight
hundred yards of trench held by Indian troops in the neighbourhood of
Armentières were made untenable by the German artillery, especially
by the _minen-werfer_--small mortars which threw enormous bombs by an
ingenious arrangement whereby the actual shell never entered the bore
but was on the end of a rod outside the muzzle. Some of these
terrible missiles, which came through the air as slowly as a punted
football, were 200 lbs. in weight and shattering in their effects.
There was an advance of the 112th Regiment of the Fourteenth German
Corps, and the empty trenches were strongly occupied by them--so
strongly that the first attempt to retake them was unsuccessful in
the face of the rifle and machine-gun fire of the defenders. A
second more powerful counter-attack was organised by General Anderson
of the Meerut Division, and this time the Germans were swept out of
their position and the line {323} re-established. The fighting
lasted all night, and the Ghurkas with their formidable knives proved
to be invaluable for such close work, while a party of Engineers with
hand-bombs did great execution--a strange combination of the Asiatic
with the most primitive of weapons and the scientific European with
the most recent. It was a substantial victory as such affairs go,
for the British were left with a hundred prisoners, including three
officers, three machine-guns, and two mortars.
[Sidenote: The visit of the King.]
The first week of December was rendered memorable by a visit of the
King to the Army. King George reviewed a great number of his devoted
soldiers, who showed by their fervent enthusiasm that one need not be
an autocratic War-lord in order to command the fierce loyalty of the
legions. After this pleasant interlude there followed a succession
of those smaller exploits which seem so slight in any chronicle, and
yet collectively do so much to sustain the spirit of the Army. Now
this dashing officer, now that, attempted some deed upon the German
line, and never failed to find men to follow him to death. On
November 24 it was Lieutenant Impey, with a handful of 2nd Lincolns;
on November 25, Lieutenants Ford and Morris with a few Welsh
Fusiliers and sappers; on November 26, Sir Edward Hulse with some
Scots Guards; on the same day, Lieutenant Durham with men of the 2nd
Rifle Brigade--in each case trenches were temporarily won, the enemy
was damaged, and a spirit of adventure encouraged in the trenches.
Sometimes such a venture ended in the death of the leader, as in the
case of Captain the Honourable H. L. Bruce of the Royal Scots. Such
men died as the old knights did who rode out betwixt the {324} lines
of marshalled armies, loved by their friends and admired by their
foes.
December 9 was the date of two small actions. In the first the 1st
Lincolns of the 9th Brigade, which had been commanded by Douglas
Smith since the wounding of General Shaw, made an attack upon the
wood at Wytschaete which is called Le Petit Bois. The advance was
not successful, the three officers who led it being all wounded, and
forty-four men being hit. The attempt was renewed upon a larger
scale five days later. The other action was an attack by the enemy
upon some of the trenches of the Third Corps. This Corps, though it
had not come in for the more dramatic scenes of the campaign, had
done splendid and essential work in covering a line of fourteen miles
or so against incessant attacks of the Germans, who never were able
to gain any solid advantage. On this occasion the impact fell upon
Gordon's 19th Brigade, especially upon the 2nd Argyll and Sutherland
Highlanders and the 1st Middlesex. It was driven back with heavy
loss.
[Sidenote: Third Division at Petit Bois.]
On December 14 the second and more sustained effort was made to get
possession of the Petit Bois at Wytschaete, which had been attacked
by the Lincolns upon the 9th. D'Urbal's Eighth French Army was
co-operating upon the left. The British attack was conducted by
Haldane's Third Division, and the actual advance was carried out,
after a considerable artillery preparation from the batteries of two
Corps, by Bowes' 8th Brigade, with the 2nd Royal Scots and the 1st
Gordons in the lead. At 7.45 the guns were turned upon the big wood
beyond Petit Bois, through which the supports might be advancing, and
at the same hour the two regiments named swarmed forward, {325} the
Lowlanders on the left and the Highlanders on the right. The Royal
Scots, under Major Duncan, carried Petit Bois with a rush, taking
fifty prisoners and two machine-guns, while the Germans fled out at
the other end of the wood. The Scots at once entrenched themselves
and got their own machine-guns into position. The Gordons, under
Major Baird, advanced with splendid dash and gained some ground, but
found the position such that they could not entrench upon it, so they
were forced to fall back eventually to their original position. Both
they and the 4th Middlesex, who supported them, lost considerably in
the affair. The total casualties in the Petit Bois action came to
over four hundred, with seventeen officers, figures which were
considerably swollen by the losses of the Suffolks and Irish Rifles,
who continued to hold the captured position in the face of continued
bombing. The French in the north had no particular success and lost
600 men. The importance of such operations is not to be measured,
however, by the amount of ground won, but by the necessity of beating
up the enemies' quarters, keeping them pinned to their positions, and
preventing them from feeling that they could at their own sweet wills
detach any reinforcements they chose to thicken their line upon the
Eastern frontier, where our Russian Allies were so insistently
pressing.
On the morning of December 19 an attack was made upon the German
lines in the Festubert region by Willcocks' Indian Corps, the Meerut
Division, under General Anderson, attacking upon the left, and the
Lahore, under General Watkis, upon the right. The object of the
movement was to co-operate with the French in an advance which they
had {326} planned. The Meerut attack was successful at first, but
was driven back by a counter-attack, and some hundreds of Indian
infantry were killed, wounded, or taken. In the case of the Lahore
attack the storming party consisted of the 1st Highland Light
Infantry and the 4th Ghurkas. Both of these units belong to the
Sirhind Brigade, but they were joined in the enterprise by the 59th
Scinde Rifles of the Jullundur Brigade. These latter troops had a
long night march before reaching the scene of the operations, when
they found themselves upon the right of the attack and within two
hundred and fifty yards of the German trenches. Judging the
operations from the standard reached at a later date, the whole
arrangement seems to have been extraordinarily primitive. The
artillery preparation for a frontal attack upon a strong German line
of trenches lasted exactly four minutes, being rather a call to arms
than a bombardment. The troops rushed most gallantly forward into
the dark of a cold wet winter morning, with no guide save the
rippling flashes of the rifles and machine-guns in front of them.
Many were so sore-footed and weary that they could not break into the
double. Some of the Indians were overtaken from behind by a line of
British supports, which caused considerable confusion. An officer of
Indians has left it on record that twice running he had a revolver
clapped to his head by a British officer. All of the battalions
advanced with a frontage of two companies in columns of platoons.
Both the Ghurkas and Highlanders reached the trench in the face of a
murderous fire. The left of the 59th, consisting of Punjabi
Mahomedans, also reached the trench. The right, who were Sikhs, made
an {327} equally gallant advance, but were knee-deep in a wet
beetroot field and under terrific machine-gun fire. Their gallant
leader, Captain Scale, was struck down, as was every Indian officer,
but a handful of the survivors, under a Sikh Jemadar, got into a
German sap, which they held for twenty-four hours, taking a number of
prisoners.
Day had dawned, and though the British and Indians were in the enemy
trenches, it was absolutely impossible to send them up reinforcements
across the bullet-swept plain. The 59th discovered a sap running
from their left to the German line, and along this they pushed. They
could not get through, however, to where their comrades were being
terribly bombed on either flank by the counter-attack. It was an
heroic resistance. Colonel Ronaldson, who led the party, held on all
day, but was very lucky in being able to withdraw most of the
survivors after nightfall. Of the hundred Punjabis who held one
flank, only three returned, while thirteen wounded were reported
later from Germany. The others all refused to surrender, declaring
that those were the last orders of their British officers, and so
they met their honoured end. It had been a long and weary day with a
barren ending, for all that had been won was abandoned. The losses
were over a thousand, and were especially heavy in the case of
officers.
[Sidenote: The fight at Givenchy.]
The Germans, elated by the failure of the attack, were in the mood
for a return visit. In the early dawn of the next day, December 20,
they began a heavy bombardment of the Indian trenches, followed by an
infantry attack extending over a line of six miles from south of the
Bethune Canal to Festubert in the north. The attack began by the
explosion of {328} a succession of mines which inflicted very heavy
losses upon the survivors of the Ghurkas and Highland Light Infantry.
The weight of the attack at the village of Givenchy fell upon the
exhausted Sirhind Brigade, who were driven back, and the greater part
of Givenchy was occupied by the enemy. General Brunker fell back
with his Brigade, but his line was stiffened by the arrival of the
47th Sikhs of the 8th Jullundur Brigade, who were in divisional
reserve. These troops prevented any further advance of the Germans,
while preparations were made for an effective counter-stroke.
[Sidenote: Heavy losses of the Indians.]
Little help could be given from the north, where the line was already
engaged, but to the south there were considerable bodies of troops
available. The situation was serious, and a great effort was called
for, since it was impossible to abandon into the hands of the enemy a
village which was an essential bastion upon the line of defence. The
German attack had flooded down south of Givenchy to the Bethune
Canal, and a subsidiary attack had come along the south of the Canal
with the object of holding the troops in their places and preventing
the reinforcement of the defenders of Givenchy. But these advances
south of the village made no progress, being held up by the 9th
Bhopals and Wilde's 57th Rifles of the 7th Ferozepore Brigade between
Givenchy and the Canal, while the 1st Connaught Rangers of the same
brigade stopped it on the southern side of the Canal. Matters were
for a moment in equilibrium. To the south of the Canal energetic
measures were taken to get together a force which could come across
it by the Pont Fixe or road bridge, and re-establish matters in the
north.
{329}
[Sidenote: Fine advance of Manchesters.]
The struggle had broken out close to the point of junction between
the British forces and those of General Foch of the Tenth French
Army, so that our Allies were able to co-operate with us in the
counter-attack. It was directed by General Carnegy, and the assault
was made by the 1st Manchesters, the 4th Suffolk Territorials, and
some French territorials. The Manchesters, under the leadership of
Colonel Strickland, made a most notable attack, aided by two
companies of the Suffolks, the other companies remaining in reserve
on the north bank of the Canal. So critical was the position that
the 3rd Indian Sappers and Miners were set the dangerous task, under
very heavy shell-fire, of mining the bridge over the Canal. The
situation was saved, however, by Colonel Strickland's fine advance.
His infantry, with very inadequate artillery support, pushed its way
into Givenchy and cleared the village from end to end. Three hundred
of the Manchesters fell in this deed of arms. Not only did they win
the village, but they also regained some of the lost trenches to the
north-east of Givenchy. This was the real turning-point of the
action. There was at the time only the one very wet, very weary, and
rather cut-up Jullundur Brigade between the Germans and Bethune--with
all that Bethune stood for strategically. To the east the 9th
Bhopals and 57th Rifles still held on to their position. It was only
to the north that the enemy retained his lodgment.
But the fight to the north had been a bitter one all day, and had
gone none too well for the British forces. The Indians were fighting
at an enormous disadvantage. As well turn a tiger loose upon an
ice-floe and expect that he will show all his wonted {330} fierceness
and activity. There are inexorable axioms of Nature which no human
valour nor constancy can change. The bravest of the brave, our
Indian troops were none the less the children of the sun, dependent
upon warmth for their vitality and numbed by the cold wet life of the
trenches. That they still in the main maintained a brave,
uncomplaining, soldierly demeanour, and that they made head against
the fierce German assaults, is a wonderful proof of their
adaptability.
About ten o'clock on the morning of the 20th the German attack,
driving back the Sirhind Brigade from Givenchy, who were the left
advanced flank of the Lahore Division, came with a rush against the
Dehra-Dun Brigade, who were the extreme right of the Meerut Division.
This Brigade had the 1st Seaforth Highlanders upon its flank, with
the 2nd Ghurkas upon its left. The Ghurkas were forced to retire,
and the almost simultaneous retirement of the defenders of Givenchy
left the Highlanders in a desperate position with both flanks in the
air. Fortunately the next Brigade of the Meerut Division, the
Garhwal Brigade, stood fast and kept in touch with the 6th Jats, who
formed the left of the Dehra-Dun Brigade, and so prevented the
pressure upon that side from becoming intolerable. The 9th Ghurkas
came up to support the 2nd Ghurkas, who had not gone far from their
abandoned trenches, and the 58th Indian Rifles also came to the
front. These battalions upon the left rear of the Highlanders gave
them some support. None the less the position of the battalion was
dangerous and its losses heavy, but it faced the Germans with
splendid firmness, and nothing could budge it. Machine-guns are
stronger {331} than flesh and blood, but the human spirit can be
stronger than either. You might kill the Highlanders, but you could
not shift them. The 2nd Black Watch, who had been in reserve,
established touch towards nightfall with the right of the Seaforths,
and also with the left of the Sirhind Brigade, so that a continuous
line was assured.
In the meantime a small force had assembled under General MacBean
with the intention of making a counter-attack and recovering the
ground which had been lost on the north side of Givenchy. With the
8th Ghurkas and the 47th Sikhs, together with the 7th British Dragoon
Guards, an attack was made in the early hours of the 21st. Colonel
Lempriere of the Dragoon Guards was killed, and the attack failed.
It was renewed in the early hours of the morning, but it again failed
to dislodge the Germans from the captured trenches.
[Sidenote: Advance of the First Division.]
December 21 dawned upon a situation which was not particularly rosy
from a British point of view. It is true that Givenchy had been
recovered, but a considerable stretch of trenches were still in the
hands of the Germans, their artillery was exceedingly masterful, and
the British line was weakened by heavy losses and indented in several
places. The one bright spot was the advance of the First Division of
Haig's Corps, who had come up in the night-time. The three brigades
of this Division were at once thrown into the fight, the first being
sent to Givenchy, the second given as a support to the Meerut
Division, and the third directed upon the trenches which had been
evacuated the day before by the Sirhind Brigade. All of these
brigades won their way forward, and by the morning of the 22nd much
of the ground which {332} had been taken by the Germans was
reoccupied by the British. The 1st Brigade, led by the Cameron
Highlanders, had made good all the ground between Givenchy and the
Canal. Meanwhile the 3rd Brigade had re-established the Festubert
position, where the 2nd Welsh and 1st South Wales Borderers had won
their way into the lost trenches of the Ghurkas.
This was not done without very stark fighting, in which of all the
regiments engaged none suffered so heavily as the 2nd Munsters (now
attached to the 3rd Brigade). This regiment, only just built up
again after its practical extermination at Etreux in August, made a
grand advance and fought without cessation for nearly forty-eight
hours. Their losses were dreadful, including their gallant Colonel
Bent, both Majors Day and Thomson, five other officers, and several
hundreds of the rank and file. So far forward did they get that it
was with great difficulty that the survivors, through the exertions
of Major Ryan, were got back into a place of safety. It was the
second of three occasions upon which this gallant Celtic battalion
gave itself for King and Country. Let this soften the asperity of
politics if unhappily we must come back to them after the war.
Meanwhile the lines upon the flank of the Seaforths which had been
lost by the Dehra-Dun Brigade were carried by the 2nd Brigade
(Westmacott), the 1st North Lancashire and 1st Northamptons leading
the attack with the 2nd Rifles in support. Though driven back by a
violent counter-attack in which both leading regiments, and
especially the Lancashire men, lost heavily, the Brigade came again,
and ended by making good the gap in the line. Thus the situation on
the morning of the 22nd looked very {333} much better than upon the
day before. On this morning, as so many of the 1st Corps were in the
advanced line, Sir Douglas Haig took over the command from Sir James
Willcocks. The line had been to some extent re-established and the
firing died away, but there were some trenches which were not retaken
till a later date.
Such was the scrambling and unsatisfactory fight of Givenchy, a
violent interlude in the drab records of trench warfare. It began
with a considerable inroad of Germans into our territory and heavy
losses of our Indian Contingent. It ended by a general return of the
Germans to their former lines, and the resumption by the veteran
troops of the First Division of the main positions which we had lost.
Neither side had gained any ground of material value, but the balance
of profit in captures was upon the side of the Germans, who may
fairly claim that the action was a minor success for their arms,
since they assert that they captured some hundreds of prisoners and
several machine-guns. The Anglo-Indian Corps had 2600 casualties,
and the First Corps 1400, or 4000 in all. The Indian troops were now
withdrawn for a rest, which they had well earned by their long and
difficult service in the trenches. To stand day after day up to his
knees in ice-cold water is no light ordeal for a European, but it is
difficult to imagine all that it must have been to a Southern
Asiatic. The First Corps took over the La Bassée lines.
[Sidenote: Singular scenes at Christmas.]
About the same date as the Battle of Givenchy there was some fighting
farther north at Rouge Banc, where the Fourth Corps was engaged and
some German trenches were taken. The chief losses in this affair
{334} fell upon those war-worn units, the 2nd Scots Guards and 2nd
Borderers of the 20th Brigade. Henceforward peace reigned along the
lines for several weeks--indeed Christmas brought about something
like fraternisation between British and Germans, who found a sudden
and extraordinary link in that ancient tree worship, long anterior to
Christianity, which Saxon tribes had practised in the depths of
Germanic forests and still commemorated by their candle-lit firs.
For a single day the opposing forces mingled in friendly conversation
and even in games. It was an amazing spectacle, and must arouse
bitter thoughts concerning those high-born conspirators against the
peace of the world, who in their mad ambition had hounded such men on
to take each other by the throat rather than by the hand. For a day
there was comradeship. But the case had been referred to the God of
Battles, and the doom had not yet been spoken. It must go to the
end. On the morning of the 26th dark figures vanished reluctantly
into the earth, and the rifles cracked once more. It remains one
human episode amid all the atrocities which have stained the memory
of the war.
So ended 1914, the year of resistance. During it the Western Allies
had been grievously oppressed by their well-prepared enemy. They had
been over-weighted by numbers and even more so by munitions. For a
space it had seemed as if the odds were too much for them. Then with
a splendid rally they had pushed the enemy back. But his reserves
had come up and had proved to be as superior as his first line had
been. But even so he had reached his limit. He could get no
further. The danger hour was past. There was now coming the long,
anxious year of {335} equilibrium, the narrative of which will be
given in the succeeding volume of 1915. Finally will come the year
of restoration which will at least begin, though it will not finish,
the victory of the champions of freedom.
{337}
INDEX
Abell, Major, 70
Abercrombie, Colonel, 94
Agadir, 7
Aisne, battle of the, 162-199
Alexander, Major, 82
Algeciras, 7
Allen, Major, 209
Allenby, General, 56, 80, 88, 96, 97, 126, 155, 204, 226, 279, 287
Alleyne, Captain, 294
Allfrey, Captain, 149
Alsace, 43, 57
Anderson, General, 322, 325
Anley, Colonel, 105
Anley, General, 229
Annesley, Colonel, 284
Ansell, Colonel, 132
Antwerp, fall of, 193; Naval Division at siege of, 195
Ardee, Lord, 288
Army, the Russian, 138; at battle of Gumbinnen, 138; at battle of
Lemberg, 139; at battle of Tannenberg, 139
Ashburner, Captain, 70
Asquith, Right Hon. H. H., 18
Austin, Dr., 93
Australia, offer of service, 34, 37; Bismarck Archipelago captured
by, 312; German colony of New Guinea captured by, 312; 317
Austria, Archduke Francis Ferdinand of, assassinated at Sarajevo, 12
Austria-Hungary, annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1908, 2; presents
ultimatum to Serbia, 14; declares war against Serbia, 15
Baird, Major, 325
Balfour, Lieutenant, 167
Bannatyne, Colonel, 255
Barnes, Colonel, 241
Battenberg, Prince Louis of, 40
Battenberg, Prince Maurice of, 256
Bavaria, Crown Prince of, 145
Beatty, Admiral Sir David, 313
Belgians, King of the, 198
Belgium, infraction of neutrality, 12
Below-Saleske, von, 19
Benson, Captain, 73
Bent, Colonel, 332
Berners, Captain, 172
Bernhardi, General von, 1, 8, 159
Bethmann-Hollweg, von, 17, 21, 23, 28
Bidon, General, 247
Bingham, General, 283
Bismarck Archipelago, German colony, captured by Australian forces,
312
Blewitt, Lieutenant, 268
Boger, Colonel, 83
Bols, Colonel, 207
Bolton, Colonel, 244
Botha, Right Hon. Louis, 34, 313
Bottomley, Major, 259
Bowes, General, 218, 295, 324
Boyd, Lieutenant, 266
Bradbury, Captain, V.C., 130, 131
Brett, Colonel, 102
Bridges, Major Tom, 118
Briggs, General, 128, 130, 174, 282, 283
British Expeditionary Force: departure from England, 50; its
composition, 52, 86; its arrival in France, 53; its reception by the
French people, 54; advance into Belgium, 57
Brooke, Captain, 260
Bruce, Captain the Hon. H. L., 323
Brunker, General, 328
Buckle, Major, 222
Bulbe, Lieutenant, 78
Bulfin, General, 154, 156, 166, 167, 169, 170, 171, 179, 186, 265,
273, 287, 288, 320
Bülow, General von, 84, 144, 154
Bülow, Prince von, 3
Burrows, Major, 168
Butler, Colonel, 229
Butler, Major Leslie, 116
Byng, Captain, 70
Byng, General, 210, 233
Cadogan, Colonel, 237, 264
Campbell, Captain, 73
Campbell, Colonel (5th Dragoon Guards), 281
Campbell, Colonel (9th Lancers), 80, 149
Campbell, Lieutenant, 130
Campbell, Major, 227
Canada, offer of service, 34, 37; 317
Canneau, General, 144, 204, 212, 221
Capper, General, 232, 244, 265, 269, 295
Carey, Captain, 70
Carnegy, General, 329
Carr, Lieutenant Laurence, 259
Carter, Major, 253
Cary, General Langlé de, 144
Cary-Bernard, Captain, 306
Castelnau, General, 44, 145, 193
Cathcart, Captain, 168
Cavan, Lord, 289, 293, 300, 306
Cawley, Major, 132
Ceylon, offer of service, 34
Chapman, Corporal, 227
Charleroi, battle of, 141
Charrier, Major, 119, 120, 121
Chetwode, General, 58, 121
Christie, Major, 112
Churchill, Right Hon. Winston S., 5, 31, 40, 196
Chute, Lieutenant, 121
Clive, Hon. Windsor, 92
Clutterbuck, Captain, 111
Cobb, Irvin, American correspondent with German Army, 64
Cobbold, Colonel, 214
Coke, Major, 282
Coleman, American volunteer, quoted, 119, 149, 303
Coles, Colonel, 266
Congreve, General, V.C., 187, 229
Cookson, Colonel, 167
Cornish-Bowden, Major, 151
Coronel, naval battle off, 315
Craddock, Admiral, 315
Cramb, Professor, 30
Creek, Captain, 253
Crichton, Major, 241
Crossley, Sergeant-Major, 222
Cutbill, Captain, 102
Cuthbert, General, 71, 79, 98
Dalrymple, Lord, 244
D'Amade, General, 123
Daniell, Major, 212
Danks, Lieutenant, 93
Dashwood, Lieutenant, 167
Davey, Major, 70
Davies, Colonel, 301
Davies, General, 90, 93, 132, 153, 173
Davis, Harding, American correspondent with German Army, 62, 64
Dawnay, Colonel, 293
Day, Major, 332
Dease, Lieutenant Maurice, V.C., 70
De Crespigny, Captain, 128
Deimling, General von, 269
De Lisle, General, 80, 148, 156, 157, 174, 204, 226, 281
De Mitry, General, 247, 255
Denham, Lieutenant, 323
Derbyshhe, Gunner, 130
D'Esperey, General, 144, 146
Dillon, Captain H. M., 302
Dimmer, Lieutenant, V.C., 181, 305
Doran, General Beauchamp, 60, 69, 113, 150, 174, 218
Dorell, Sergeant, V.C., 130, 131
Doughty, Major, 102
Dour, action at, 79
Drummond, General. 84, 103
Dubail, General, 145
Duff, Colonel Grant, 171
D'Urbal, General, 296, 324
Dykes, Colonel, 105
Earle, Colonel, 259
East Africa, German colony of, attack on, fails, 312
East Coast, raid on, by German cruisers, 315
Edmunds, Captain, 93
Edward VII., 6
Elliott, Dr., 93
Ellison, Captain, 152
_Emden_, exploits of the, 314
Emmich, General von, 44
Fairlie, Captain, 241
Falkland Islands, naval battle off, 315
Ferguson, General, 80, 177, 190, 211
Findlay, General, 153
Fisher, Lord, 5
FitzClarence, General, 258, 270, 303
Flint, Lieutenant, 175
Foch, General, 144, 148, 150, 154, 202, 329
Foljambe, Captain, 168
Forbes, Major Ian, 241
Ford, Lieutenant, 323
Forrester, Major, 259
Frameries, action at, 77
Fraser, Major, 244
French, General Sir John, 54, 58, 62, 74, 75, 76, 77, 84, 87, 96, 97,
116, 119, 126, 135, 145, 156, 164, 183, 186, 198, 202, 220, 234, 236,
245, 246, 247, 251, 275, 276, 282, 285
Geddes, Lieutenant-Colonel, 169
George V. visits the Army in France, 323
Germany, Heligoland ceded to, 2; agitation in, against Great Britain
during Boer War, 3; navy bill of 1900, 4; anti-British agitations in,
9; root causes of hatred of Great Britain in, 10; and world-power,
10; preparations for war by, 11; declares war against Russia, 15;
against France, 15; proposes that Great Britain should remain
neutral, 17; and Belgian neutrality, 19; character of her diplomacy,
19, 20; invades Belgium, 21; Great Britain declares war on, 21;
treatment of the departing Embassies, 22; the claim for culture in, 29
_Germany and the Next War_, 9
Gheluvelt, battle of, 265
Gibbs, Colonel, 79
Giffard, Lieutenant, 269
Gifford, Lieutenant, 130
Givenchy, fight at, 327
Glasgow, Sergeant, 227
Gleichen, General Count, 61, 79, 82, 83, 98, 157, 207
Gloster, Colonel, 224
Godley, Private, V.C., 70
Gordon, Captain B. G. R., 259
Gordon, Colonel, 114
Gordon, General, 215, 230, 324
Gordon, Lieutenant, 181
Goschen, Sir Edward, ambassador at Berlin, 17, 21, 22, 23, 24
Gough, General, 126, 150, 155, 203, 204, 226, 279, 280, 282
Grant, Major, 168
Graves, Lieutenant, 114
Great Britain, cedes Heligoland to Germany, 2; sympathy and respect
for German Empire in, 2; agreement with France, 1903, 6; agreement
with Russia, 1907, 6; maritime power of, 10; efforts for peace by,
16; reply to German proposal of neutrality, 17; declares war against
Germany, 21; preparations for possible naval war in, 31; effect of
German war policy in, 32
Green, Major, 168
Grenfell, Captain the Hon. F., 82
Grey, Sir Edward (now Viscount), proposes a conference of
Ambassadors, 16; replies to German proposal of neutrality, 17;
suggests limitation of the conflict, 19; 20, 33
Grierson, General, 55
Griffin, Colonel, 105, 158
Guernsey, Lord, 172
Haig, General Sir Douglas, 55, 56, 72, 77, 84, 88, 89, 90, 126, 133,
157, 173, 183, 190, 236, 239, 241, 246, 247, 249, 250, 251, 256, 260,
265, 270, 275, 276, 282, 286, 287, 295, 306, 331, 333
Haking, General, 72, 94, 157, 173, 176, 302
Haldane, General, 104, 106, 112, 206, 324
Haldane, Lord, 36
Hamilton, Adjutant Rowan, 171
Hamilton, Captain, 93
Hamilton, General Sir Hubert, 77, 157, 177, 208
Hankey, Major, 270
Harter, Staff-Captain, 176
Hasted, Colonel, 177
Haussen, General von, 139, 144
Hautvesnes, action at, 153
Hawarden, Lord, 92
Hawkins, Lieutenant Hope, 285
Hay, Lord Arthur, 172
Headlam, General, 110
Heeringen, General von, 145
Heligoland Bight, battle in, 313
Heligoland ceded to Germany, 1890, 2
Herbert, Captain, 208
Hindenburg, General von, 139, 316
Hogan, Sergeant, V.C., 224
Holt, Lieutenant, 71
Hoskyns, Captain, 152
Huggan, Dr., 180
Hull, Colonel, 70
Hulse, Sir Edward, 323
Hunter-Weston, General, 104, 106, 107, 229, 230
Impey, Lieutenant, 323
India, offer of service, 34; 317
Ingham, Major, 69
Italy secedes from the Central Powers, 311
Jagow, von, Secretary for Foreign Affairs at Berlin, 21, 23, 25
Japan declares war, 312; captures the German colony of Tsingtau, 312
Jarvis, Corporal, V.C., 71
Jelf, Major, 168
Joffre, General, 44, 57, 62, 74, 76, 126, 127, 144, 178, 198, 202,
251, 255, 282, 287
Johnston, Captain, 175
Johnstone, Major, 169
Kavanagh, General, 262, 279, 293
Kerr, Colonel, 269
Kitchener, Lord, becomes Secretary of State for War, 34; his estimate
of duration of war, 38; appeals for volunteers, 38; 54, 56
Kluck, General von, 83, 84, 88, 95, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 154
Knight, Colonel, 154
Kruseik cross-roads, fight for, 256
Lamb, Lieutenant, 131
Lambert, Major, 292
Landon, General, 172, 248, 254, 260, 265, 269, 276, 290
Landrecies, engagement at, 90
Lansdowne, Lord, 33
Law, Right Hon. A. Bonar, 33
Lawford, General, 273, 291, 294, 295
Lawrence, Colonel, 229
Leach, Lieutenant, V.C., 224
Le Cateau, battle of, 96-137, 141
Leckie, Captain Malcolm, 82
Legard, Captain, 222
Le Gheir, action of 229
Leman, General, 45, 46, 47
Lemberg, battle of, 139, 316
Lempriere, Colonel, 331
Lichnowsky, Prince, German ambassador to Great Britain, 19, 20, 25
Liége, 45, 46, 47, 141
Lister, Captain, 71
Lloyd, Major, 167, 168
Lomax, General, 269
Longley, Colonel, 99
Longwy, battle of, 141
Loring, Colonel, 243
Lorraine, 43, 57
Lushington, Lieutenant-Colonel, 132
Luxemburg, duchy of, 44
MacBean, General, 331
McCracken, General, 69, 78, 88, 104, 190, 208, 215, 219, 291, 306
McKenna, Right Hon. Reginald, 5, 31
Mackenzie, General Colin, 209
MacLachlan, Lieutenant-Colonel, 171
MacMahon, Colonel, 70, 221, 299
M'Nab, Captain, 284
Maistre, General, 220
Maitland, Major, 171
Malcolm, Colonel, 283, 284
Manoury, General, 144, 146, 148
Marne, battle of the, 138-161
Martyn, Colonel, 304
Maubeuge, fortress of, 85, 141, 163, 184
Maude, General, 295
Maud'huy, General, 296
Maxse, General, 169, 179
Messines, fight at, 280
Michel, General, 49
Michell, Captain, 122
Milne, General, 110
Milward, Major, 292
Mitford, Major, 241
Monck, Captain, 91
Mons, battle of, 50-95, 141
Mons, retreat from, chronology of events, 136-137
Montresor, Colonel, 167
Morland, Colonel, 268
Morland, General, 211, 224, 286, 296
Morris, Colonel, 133
Morris, Lieutenant, 323
Morritt, Lieutenant, 73
Moussy, General, 288
Mülhausen, battle of, 141
Mullens, General, 80, 221, 283
Mundy, Lieutenant, 130
Munro, General, 269
Namur, 48, 49, 76, 141
Navy, the, mobilisation of, 40
Neeld, Admiral, 25
Nelson, Gunner, V.C., 130, 131
Nery, combat of, 127
Neuve Chapelle, first fight of, 219
Newfoundland, offer of service, 34
New Guinea, German colony of, captured by Australian forces, 312
New Zealand, offer of service, 34, 37; captures German colony of
Samoa, 312; 317
Nicholson, Lieutenant, 121
Nicholson, Major, 171
Nietzsche, 8
Nimy, defence of the bridges of, 68
Oliver, Captain, 169
Ommany, Captain, 269
Orford, Captain, 102
Osborne, Driver, 130
Ourcq, battle of the, 145
Ovens, Colonel, 244
Pack-Beresford, Major, 79
Paley, Major, 269
Paris, General, 195
Parker, Major, 112
Pau, General, 44
Paynter, Captain, 243
Peel, Major, 268
Pell, Colonel, 266
Pennecuick, Lieutenant, 156
Penny, Sergeant-Major, 222
Perceval, Colonel, 269
Petit Bois, fight at, 324
Phillips, Major, 168
Pilken Inn, fight of, 252
Plumer, General, 320
Pollard, Lieutenant, 82
Ponsonby, Colonel, 168
Pont-sur-Sambre, action near, 94
Poole, Major, 111
Popham, Captain, 188
Powell, American journalist, quoted, 63, 198
Powell, Major, 250
Prichard, Major, 268
Prowse, Major, 231
Prussia, Crown Prince of, 145, 163
Prussia, Prince Henry of, 25
Prussian Guards, attack of, at Ypres, 297; Kaiser's order to, 297
Pulteney, General, 56, 126, 152, 157, 175, 178, 190, 206, 214, 215,
218, 227
Rawlinson, General Sir Henry, 224, 232, 236, 237, 241, 251, 256, 308
Rees, Captain, 268
Regiments:
_Artillery--_
Royal Field Artillery, 69, 70, 71, 78, 82, 88, 89, 92, 100, 105, 110,
120, 153, 169, 192, 249, 268, 271, 272, 273, 300, 301
Royal Horse Artillery, 263; E Battery, 285; J Battery, 122, 150; K
Battery, 236; L Battery, 80, 128, 130, 131, 133
Heavy, 109, 110, 301
Howitzer, 88, 105
Honourable Artillery Company, 321
_Cavalry--_
1st Life Guards, 263, 293
2nd Life Guards, 263, 293
Royal Horse Guards (Blues), 263, 293
2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays), 85, 128, 131, 132, 155, 280, 282
3rd Dragoon Guards, 272, 306
4th (Royal Irish) Dragoon Guards, 58, 80, 118, 187, 188, 282, 283
5th Dragoon Guards, 280, 281, 282
6th Dragoon Guards (Carabineers), 283, 284, 285
7th Dragoon Guards, 331
1st Dragoons (Royals), 263, 272
2nd Dragoons (Scots Greys), 122, 263
3rd Hussars, 263
4th Hussars, 263
10th Hussars, 241, 272
11th Hussars, 131, 282, 283, 285
15th Hussars, 93, 120, 121
18th Hussars, 149
20th Hussars, 58
5th (Royal Irish) Lancers, 227, 279
9th Lancers, 80, 82, 149, 281, 283, 285
12th Lancers, 122, 227
16th Lancers, 226, 279
Essex Yeomanry, 322
Irish Horse, 242, 322
Leicestershire Yeomanry, 306
North Somerset Yeomanry, 306, 322
Northumberland Hussars, 242, 322
Oxfordshire Hussars, 281, 282, 322
_Guards--_
Coldstream, 90, 91, 92, 119, 120, 132, 168, 169, 171, 172, 191, 248,
259, 265
Grenadier, 90, 92, 150, 237, 244, 258, 259, 265, 289, 293, 306
Irish, 90, 92, 132, 150, 172, 255, 265, 288, 289, 293
Scots, 119, 169, 171, 242, 243, 244, 252, 253, 259, 260, 271, 297,
323, 334
_Infantry--_
Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, 84, 100, 102, 216, 230, 324
Artists' Rifles (28th London), 321
Bedford, 174, 207, 236, 264, 266, 297
Berkshire, 93, 153, 255, 272
Black Watch, 119, 150, 169, 170, 171, 252, 258, 259, 331
Border, 243, 260
Buffs (East Kent), 214
Cameron Highlanders, 169, 171, 248, 252, 253, 332
Cameronians (Scottish Rifles), 84, 100, 131
Cheshire, 82, 83, 154, 174, 216, 321
Connaught Rangers, 94, 157, 301, 302, 328
Devon, 210, 219, 224
Dorset, 207, 208, 210, 216
Dublin Fusiliers, 106, 112
Duke of Cornwall's, 62, 72, 73, 99, 150, 151, 174, 215, 216, 224
Durham Light Infantry, 187, 188, 229
East Lancashire, 106, 229, 292
East Surrey, 72, 73, 99, 103, 150, 151, 174, 190, 215
East Yorkshire, 187, 188
Essex, 105, 106
Gloucester, 171, 182, 248, 250, 254, 260, 290, 291, 302
Gordon Highlanders, 60, 69, 72, 78, 113, 114, 219, 259, 273, 289,
324, 325
Hampshire, 106, 231
Herts, 321
Highland Light Infantry, 188, 242, 296, 301, 302, 326
Inniskilling Fusiliers, 105, 158, 229, 281
Irish Fusiliers, 106, 206
King's Liverpool, 90, 153, 255, 300, 301
King's Own Scottish Borderers, 61, 71, 72, 103, 209, 211, 278, 282,
284, 285, 334
King's Royal Rifles, 93, 153, 166, 167, 168, 169, 182, 188, 253, 256,
265, 268, 290, 305, 332
Lancashire Fusiliers, 105, 158, 229
Leinster, 229, 230
Lincoln, 60, 151, 174, 210, 279, 280, 296, 324
Liverpool Scottish, 321
London Rifle Brigade, 321
London Scottish, 280, 283, 284, 285, 296, 321
Manchester, 99, 100, 102, 216, 218, 220, 224, 329
Middlesex, 60, 68, 69, 70, 72, 78, 84, 100, 103, 131, 207, 209, 216,
219, 230, 324, 325
Monmouthshire, 321
Munster Fusiliers, 119, 120, 154, 169, 242, 331
Norfolk, 82, 109, 174, 219, 323
Northampton, 154, 166, 167, 176, 180, 181, 252, 273, 289, 302, 332
North Lancashire, 154, 166, 167, 168, 170, 250, 253, 265, 268, 297,
332
Northumberland Fusiliers, 68, 72, 78, 208, 209, 210, 279, 280
Oxford and Bucks, 289, 301, 302
Queen Victoria Rifles, 321
Queen's Westminsters, 321
Queen's (West Surrey), 168, 170, 176, 181, 182, 191, 240, 248, 253,
259, 260, 261, 266, 271
Rifle Brigade, 106, 323
Royal Fusiliers, 60, 68, 70, 71, 72, 209, 210, 212, 220, 221, 299
Royal Irish, 60, 210, 212
Royal Irish Fusiliers, 112
Royal Irish Rifles, 69, 78, 89, 219, 220, 221, 235
Royal Lancaster, 105, 111, 229
Royal Scots, 60, 77, 114, 207, 209, 219, 323, 324, 325
Royal Scots Fusiliers, 60, 68, 71, 72, 103, 210, 211, 237, 241, 242,
264, 266, 299
Seaforth Highlanders, 106, 112, 206, 304, 330, 332
Sherwood Foresters, 187, 188, 227, 228, 229
Somerset Light Infantry, 106, 229, 231
South Lancashire, 79, 88, 148, 215, 220
South Staffordshire, 153, 240, 244, 253
South Wales Borderers, 172, 191, 192, 248, 249, 261, 270, 332
Suffolk, 99, 100, 102, 108, 224, 321, 325, 329
Sussex, 153, 166, 167, 169, 187, 249, 273, 289
Warwick, 106, 111, 112, 206, 240, 243
Welsh, 172, 191, 254, 261, 266, 268, 332
Welsh Borderers, 260, 271
Welsh Fusiliers, 84, 100, 237, 240, 264, 323
West Kent, 61, 62, 71, 72, 79, 103, 215, 221, 222, 304
West Riding, 61, 71, 79, 103, 296
West Yorkshire, 187, 188, 190
Wiltshire, 88, 177, 190, 219, 221, 237, 241, 242, 306
Worcester, 150, 188, 215, 216, 242, 243, 270, 271, 292
York and Lancaster, 214
Yorkshire, 240, 264
Yorkshire Light Infantry, 61, 71, 103, 215, 221, 278, 282, 284, 285
Royal Engineers, 70, 100, 127, 164, 175, 289, 300, 301, 302, 323
_Indian Army--_
129th Baluchis, 279
9th Bhopal Infantry, 220, 328, 329
2nd Gurkhas, 330
4th Gurkhas, 326, 328
8th Gurkhas, 225, 331
9th Gurkhas, 330
58th Indian Rifles, 330
3rd Indian Sappers and Miners, 329
6th Jats, 330
59th (Scinde) Rifles, 218, 326, 327
15th Sikhs, 218, 219
47th Sikhs, 218, 220, 221, 328, 331
Vaughan's Indian Rifles, 225
Wilde's 57th Rifles, 281, 328, 329
Reynolds, Captain (R.F.A.), V.C., 110
Reynolds, Captain (9th Lancers), 149
Rheims Cathedral, bombarded by Germans, 189
Rickman, Major, 106
Rising, Captain, 250
Robb, Major, 188
Roberts, Lord, death of, while visiting the Army in France, 308
Robertson, Sir William, 134
Rolt, General, 61, 72, 98, 100
Ronaldson, Colonel, 327
Roper, Major, 207
Rose, Captain (Northumberland Fusiliers), 78
Rose, Captain (Royal Scots Fusiliers), 71
Ruggles-Brise, General, 245, 295
Russell, Second Lieutenant, 222
Ryan, Major, 332
Salisbury, late Lord, 2
Saltoun, Master of, 115
Samoa, German colony, captured by New Zealand, 312
Sandilands, Captain, 78
Sandilands, Colonel, 89
Sarajevo, 13
Sarrail, General, 145
Savage, Captain, 181
Scale, Captain, 327
Sclater-Booth, Major, 80, 130
Scott, Admiral Sir Percy, 42
Scott-Kerr, General, 90, 132
Seaton, Lance-Corporal, 281
Seely, Colonel, 158
Serbia, reply to Austrian ultimatum, 15; King of, appeals to the
Czar, 15
Serocold, Colonel, 167
Shaw, General, 60, 78, 174, 186, 190, 210, 211, 279, 280, 303, 324
Shore, Captain, 83
Smith, Captain Bowden, 70
Smith, Colonel (Lincoln), 280
Smith, Colonel Baird (R.S.F.), 266
Smith, Colonel Osborne (Northampton), 181
Smith, General Douglas, 324
Smith, Lieutenant, 70
Smith-Dorrien, General Sir Horace, 55, 56, 60, 72, 83, 84, 88, 95,
96, 97, 108, 109, 116, 119, 217, 218, 220, 221, 222, 286, 295, 307
Snow, General, 89, 104, 106, 108, 126, 320
Solesmes, action at, 88
South Africa, offer of service, 34; insurrection in, 313
Spee, Admiral von, 315
Spread, Lieutenant, 168
Stephen, Captain, 260
Stewart, Captain, 9, 155
Strickland, Colonel, 329
Stucley, Major, 259
Sturdee, Admiral, 315
Swettenham, Major, 122
Tannenberg, battle of, 139, 141, 316
Teck, Prince Alexander of, 226
Tew, Major, 99, 103
Thomson, Major, 332
Thruston, Lieutenant, 152
Togoland, German colony, captured by British forces, 312
Tower, Lieutenant, 70
Treitschke, 8
Trench, Captain, 269
Trevor, Major, 103
Triple Alliance and Triple Entente, 6
Tsingtau, German colony, captured by Japanese, 312
Tulloch, Colonel, 127
Turner, Colonel, 151
Uniacke, Colonel, 259
Vallentin, Captain, 294
Vandeleur, Captain, 102
Vandeleur, Major, 208
Venner, Colonel, 225
Vereker, Lieutenant, 92
Vidal, General, 290
Villars-Cotteret, action of, 132
Ward, Colonel, 103, 126
Ward, Lieutenant, 73
War Loan, success of the, 40
Warre, Major, 168
Wasme, action at, 79
Watkis, General, 217, 325
Watson, Lieutenant Graham, 114
Watson, Major, 168, 253, 266
Watts, General, 295
Welchmann, Lieutenant, 78
Wellesley, Lord Richard, 259
Westmacott, General, 332
White, Second Lieutenant, 222
Willcocks, General Sir James, 224, 225, 286, 325, 333
William II., Emperor of Germany, telegram to Kruger, 3; visits
England, 3; 20; his message to Sir Edward Goschen, 24; 28, 48;
special appeal to his troops at Ypres, 261
Williams, Captain, 271
Williams, General, 230
Wilson, Colonel (Blues), 293
Wilson, Colonel (R.E.), 127
Wilson, General, 86, 104, 106, 281
Wing, General, 110, 224
Wormald, Colonel, 122
Worsley, Lord, 263
Wright, Captain Theodore, 70, 175
Würtemberg, Duke of, 141, 144
Wyatt, Corporal, 92
Yate, Major, V.C., 103
Ypres, first battle of, 232-310
Zandvoorde, fight of, 262
Zillebeke, action of, 292
_Printed in Great Britain by_ R. & R. CLARK, LIMITED, _Edinburgh._