caboque (_Jap._ kabu, singing and dancing).--a dancing girl.
calambac.--aloe wood.
cape-merchant (_Span._ cabo).--head-merchant.
captain more (_Port._ capitão mór).--captain-in-chief.
catabra (_Jap._ katabira).--a summer robe.
catan (_Jap._ katana).--a sword.
chaw (_Jap._ cha).--tea.
chawne.--a lot of land, or house.
dairi (_Jap._).--the mikado.
danko (_Jap._).--consultation.
fanna (_Jap._ hana).--a present to a dancing girl.
fibuck.--silver once refined.
foyfone (_Jap._ fune).--a boat.
fro (_Jap._ furo).--a bath-room.
futtaqui (_Jap._ hotoke, an idol).--a temple.
gadong, or gedong (_Bengali_ gudām).--a shop, or warehouse.
goca (_Jap._ koku).--a dish.
goshon (_Jap._ gosha).--a pass, or licence.
jurebasso.--an interpreter.
kerimon (_Jap._ koromo).--a robe.
kitesoll (_Span._ quitasól).--a parasol.
langanack (_Jap._ naginata).--a lance, or halberd.
makary (_Jap._ makiye).--lacquer.
morofack.--a spirit or wine.
muche (_Jap._ mochi).--a cake.
neremon (_Jap._ norimono).--a sedan-chair.
nifon catange (_Jap._ katachi).--after fashion of Japan.
ropshake (_Jap._ roku-shaku).--a chair bearer.
sappon.--a kind of wood.
sequanseque (_Jap._ sakadzuki).--a cup.
sing.--a wine.
soma.--a junk.
somo.--double-refined silver.
tabi (_Jap._).--a stocking.
tattamy (_Jap._ tatami).--a mat; a measure.
tono (_Jap._).--a lord, or petty king.
wacadash (_Jap._ wakizashi).--a short sword.
ERRATA.
Vol. i., page 3. Note[55] should be "allowaies==aloes".
" " 8. Note[70] should be "Plate once melted".
" " 13. Delete the latter part of note[77].
Vol. ii., " 136. Note² should be "The arquebuse à croc; the croc
being a hook or tooth, generally under the muzzle,
but sometimes fitted to a sliding ring, whereby the
piece was steadied when fired."
DIARY
OF
RICHARD COCKS.
DIARY OF RICHARD COCKS.
THE JOURNALL OR DAILYE BOOK OF ALL ACCURRANTES HAPPENYNG, BEGUN AT
FIRANDO, IN JAPON, PER ME RIC. COCKS, LE 1TH DAY OF JUNE, 1615,
STILO VETRI.
_June 1._--We bought 5 greate square postes of the kinges master
carpenter; cost 2 _mas_ 6 _condrins_[47] per peece. And I delivered
unto Nicholas Martyn one small bar gould, cost eight riall of eight[48]
and a half, is six _taies_ eight _mas_, for which he is answerable.
Also I delivered a great bar gold, poz. fowre _taies_ and fowre _mas_
and two _condrins_, rated at fiftie and five _taies_ as yt cost;
and is to send to Gapt. Whowe, the Capt. Chinas[49] brother, at
Langasaque;[50] to geve in a present at a christning, as apereth per
advice.
Also I paid, per Mr. Nealson, for washing linen, two _mas_ 6 _condrins_.
And late within night Mr. Wickham arived here in company of Damian
Marines, and brought word the junck was at Goto, they being put from
Liquea[51] to have proceaded on their voyage for Syam; but, being at
sea, the unruly companie would have gon for Cochinchina, and so Mr.
Wickham standing against it, remembring our former losse theare (as
I gave hym in comition), they retorned back for these partes. Capt.
Adames hath wrot me that the boateswaine and carpenter are in most
falte, being mutenouse knaves, etc.
_June 2._--Capt. Adames and Ed. Sayer wrot me 2 letters from Goto of
30th May; and Mr. Adames sent me a bag of potatos, and Ed. Sayer sent
me a pece lik lynen (or rather silk) and the lyke to Mr. Eaton and Mr.
Nealson. And Mr. Wickham gave me a jar of potatos. And Damian Marines
brought me a dish of plantians and another of pottatos, etc. I receved
a letter from Jno. de Lievano, the Spaniard. And Mr. Wickham went and
visited Bongo Dono,[52] and carid hym a present of 2 pec. Liquea cloth
and a dish of pottatos; and tould hym how matters stood about our
junck, and withall asked his counsell, whether it were best to let our
junck stay at Goto to be trymbd, or else to bring her for Firando. And
his opynion was (as many others are the lyke, and among the rest my
selfe) that it is best to bring her for Firando, for divers occations.
We had news to day that Ogosho Samme hath taken the fortres of Osekey
and overthrown the forses of Fidaia Samme.[53] Others say that most of
the forses of Fidaia Samme issued out of the fortrese, and sallid out
3 leagues toward Miaco, but were encountred by the Emperours forses
and put to the worse, many of them being slaughtered and the rest
driven back into the fortresse, etc. Bongo Dono sent a bark this day to
Crates[54] to bring him the certenty of the newse.
_June 3._--I thought good to note downe that a padre or Jesuit came
to the English howse and said his name was Tomas and a Bisken by
nation, and gave it out he was a merchant; and others gave hym the
name of Captain. Yet I knew what he was, having seen hym in this howse
before, etc. He beged a littell alloes[55] of me, which I gave hym,
as I did the like when he was here before. For you must understand
that these padres have all the gifte of beging, and allwais answer:
"Sea por l'amor de dios." This is a generall note to know them by,
for they cannot so counterfet but that word will still be thrust out.
This padre, Tomas (or Capt.), tould me that they stood in dowbt that
the King of Shashma[56] would destroy Langasaque and bring all these
partes beloe Shiminaseque[57] under his subiection, as being geven him
by Fidaia Samme; but I believe it not, for now word is com on a sudden
that all the streets must be made cleane, for that the King of Shashma
is expected to be heare this night, he being bound up with great forces.
_June 4._--We bought 40 boardes at 5 per _mas_, small plate; and 4
_cacas_[58] at 12 _condrins_ peece, small plate.
And about nowne we had news that the King of Shashma was coming into
this road with 500 barks full of souldiers; soe we laid out a present
for him as followeth:--
_ta. ma. co._
8 pec. rich damasks of Lankin,[59] cost 16 _taies_
per peece is 48 0 0
10 pec. byrams nill of 15 Rs. per _corge_[60] is 05 6 4
10 pec. red zelas, of 12 Rs. per _corg_ is 04 8 0
10 pec. whit baftas, viz., 6 of 11, and 4 of 9 Rs
_corg_ is 04 0 8
10 pec. of duttis[61] of 12 Rs. per _corge_ 04 8 0
-------------
Som totall amontes unto 67 3 2
-------------
Soe, Mr. Wickham accompanying me, we went and delivered the present,
which he took in good parte, offring our nation favorable entertaynment
yf we came to traffick in his domynions. I put out a word how the
Liqueans refuse to let us trym our junk to have proceaded from thence
on our voyag for Syam;[62] but he said littell thereto, but answered,
at his retorne he wold talke with me and geve me a present. I said I
had receved suffition at his highnes hands in havinge the good hap to
see the face of soe mightie a king as the King of Shashma; whereat he
smiled. And soe we craved lycence and retorned.
Bongo Dono was with hym before and gave hym a present, and came from
hym as we went to hym; but we had byn with hym before hym, yf he had
not sent a boate to call us back till he had first vizeted hym.
And at present a letter is com to Bongo Dono from Faccatay,[63] wherin
he is advized that the Emperour hath overthrowne the forses of Fidaia
Samme, soe that he, his mother, and child have cut their bellies; but
that his wife is sent back to her father Shongo Samme, King of Edo and
to succeed in the Empire.[64]
_June 5._--There came letters from the King of Firando to Bongo Dono,
that it is true that the Emperour hath overthrowne the forcese of
Fidaia Samme, and taken the fortres of Osekey, and entred into it the
6th day of this moone, Fidaia Samme and his mother with his sonne
having cut their bellies, etc.
Mr. Wickham went and visited Oyen Dono, and carid hym a dish of
pottatos and a peec of Liquea cloth. His brother retorned from above,
whilst Mr. Wickham was theare, and confermed these newes to be true.
_June 6._--I wrot an other letter to Jorge Durois to look out for a
marchant to buy our wheate, as also of the confermyng the newes from
above.
There was one of the King of Shashmas barkes cast away coming in, but
all the men saved. We bought 1 _caca_ or squar post, cost 1 _mas_. We
delivered or sent to keep to Capt. China 51 bundelles great canes, in
each are 30 canes.
_June 7._--After dyner came a Franciskan frire, called Padre
Appolonario, whom I had seene 2 or 3 tymes in Firando heretofore. He
was in the fortres of Osekey[65] when it was taken, and yet had the
good happ to escape. He tould me he brought nothing away with hym
but the clothes on his back, the action was soe sudden; and that he
marvelled that a force of above 120,000 men (such as was that of Fidaia
Samme) should be soe sowne overthrowne. He desired me for God's sake to
geve hym somthing to eate, for that he had passed much misery in the
space of 15 daies, since he departed out of the fortres of Osekey. So,
after he had eaten, I gave hym 15 _mas_ in plate; and soe he departed.
We had 1830 tiles this day for ston walles.
_June 8._--Yt is said the King of Shashma hath geven order to his
people to retorne back for their cuntrey; I meane the most parte of
them. The rest he keepeth to carry along with hym to goe vizet the
Emperour.
We bought 4 _cacas_, cost 7 _condrins_ per peec, small plate, etc.
_June 8._--I sent to borow 4 or 5 _gantas_[66] of oyle of Yasimon Dono,
because I could get non in any other place. But he retorned answer he
had non, when I know, to the contrary, he bought a parcell out of my
handes the other day. And I wrot a letter to Jorge Durois to take heed
he gave out no yll reportes of Safian Dono. The China Capt. lent us 6
great mesurs (or _gantas_) of oyle, to repay as much. And Semidones
steward came in the abcense of his master to borow a bar of plate of 3
_taies_ wight, which was lent hym.
_June 9._--Late within night I receved a letter from Ed. Sayer, dated
in the Roade of Casnora in the Island of Goto, the 7th currant,
wherin he writ the junck wold com away for this towne of Firando by
first wind. Jno. Japon brought this letter, but is sick of the French
disease, and took up his lodging at an other howse.
_June 10._--I receved a letter from Jorge Durois, dated the 17th of
June, new stile, in Langasaque, with a baskit of aprecockes for my
selfe, and an other for Bongo Dono, and a therd for his wife, with
a parcell in a bag for the China Capten; all which were delivered
according to advice.
A Spaniard called Pablo Garrocho de la Vega came to this towne of
Firando to-day and brought Jorges letter.
And before nowne word came that our junck was seene without. Soe I made
ready to boate to goe out to Cochi to see them put in harbor, and to
vizet Capt. Adames, etc.
_June 11._--Our juncke, the _Sea Adventure_, arived in the Bay of
Cochi in Firando at 10 cloth (_sic_) the last night, haveing lost her
voyage for Syam this yeare. I went abord, and carid a barill of wyne,
a quarter pork, and 10 loves bread, with a box bankiting stuffe; and,
by order of the governer, carid 3 _bongews_,[67] to looke the mariners
were all retorned and had used their indeavours. Capt. Adames was
unwilling we should bring any mans name in question, for geting us an
ill report; soe I did let it pas for that tyme. But being enformed that
Damian Marines hath bought up 8 or 10 _cattis_[68] of amber greese at
Liqueas, forstalling all, that the Company could get non; wherupon
I wrot a letter to Capt. Adames to make stay of his chist, for that
I wold bring the matter in question before the justice, and to same
effect wrot an other letter to Damian hym selfe.
And Capt. Garrocho, the Bisken, sent me a peare of crimson silk
stockinges for a present.
And Mr. Nealson reconed with the carpenters labourers and other matters
bought for building since the 21st of May till this night, viz.:--
Pro tymber, oyle, and other matters as per perticulers 14 2 6 _con._
Pro 457½ days labourers work, at 5 _con._ per day 20 4 4
Pro carpenters wages, as per perticulers 23 4 4
-------------
Som totall amontes unto 58 1 4
-------------
_June 12._--Damian Marines came ashore, and tould me Capt. Adames had
staid his chist with the amber, and that he had receved my letter,
wherby he knew the occation. I answered hym I did it for my own
discharg, he being a hired servant, and therfore, by the lawes of God
and man, ought to look out for the benefite of them which gave hym
meate, drynke, and wages. And by fortune Capt. Garrocho was in company
when I debated the matter with hym. Soe I referred the matter to hym
and Capt. Adames to make an end of it, and I to stand to what they
ordayned; and soe wrot to Capt. Adames what was determined betwixt us,
but wished hym to take true notis how many _cattis_ amber he had, and
to keepe possession of it, etc.
I understood Damian went after to Capt. Jacob Speck,[69] unto whome
(as it should seeme) he had offerd to sell all his amber; and so he
retorned abord the junck, and Capt. Speck followed hym with a pretence
to vizet Capt. Adames, but rather to hunt after amber greese. God grant
Capt. Adames be not guld by them, etc.
I receved 16 boates lading of wheate ashore this day, containing 1,198
sacks, is 300 _gocos_, wanting 2 sack laid out in henne meate. And Mr.
Wickham brought all the merchandiz ashore which they had for the Syam
voyage, but divers of our pikes had the heads stolne ofe.
_June 13._--I receved back of Mr. Ric. Wickham a greate bag of plate
in bars of Lucas Antoinsons, containing seven hundred forty and eight
_taies_ in bars and _fibuck_.[70] And I delivered fyftie _taies_ in
plate of barse to Mr. Nealson. And I receved two _cattis_ of amber
greese of Mr. Ric. Wickham, which he bought for the Worshipfull Company
at Liquea. And I receved 3 letters from Capt. Adames, how Damian Marin
set hym at nought and wold not shew hym any amber; so I retorned hym
answer not to let hym cary his chist ashore, but to bring it to the
English howse, which Capt. Adames did, but Damian came not with it.
Also I receved 2½ _cattis_ amber of Ed. Sayer, in halves, betwixt hym
and me; but he willed to take it all, for that he had need to use money
heare.
_June 14._--Capt. Garrocho delivered Andrea Dittis, the China Capt.,
his papers of 1,080 and od _taies_ he owed hym, as being suretie for
an other, and left it to the said Chinas discretion to pay or geve hym
what he wold. When we came to open Damians chist, there was nothing to
be found in it. He is a craftie knave. And soe let hym goe.
The new botswayn of the junck brought me 2 Liquea brushes and a box of
synamon of same place, the best that ever I saw in my life. And Jno.
Japan, our _jurebasso_,[71] brought me a present of Liquea cloth, one
peec. He hath byn in this place a wick, and never came into the English
howse till now, but many tymes passed before the dore singing like a
luneticke man. Soe I put hym out of the Companies service, or he rather
put hym selfe out.
_June 15._--Jno. Gorezan the _jurebassos_ wife brought a present of
Japan apels, or rather other frute lyke appells. Capt. Adames sent me
a letter from abord the junck at Cochi to have the kinges master shipp
carpenter com to hym, to confer whether it were fitest to trym her at
Cochi or bring her to Firando. Damian sent me 2 _cattis_ amber by Capt.
Adames, rated at 90 _taies_ per _catty_, resonable good, but had byn
watered. And I receved back two chistes money of Mr. Wickham, wherin he
sayeth ther is aleven bagges R. of 8, of 500 R. of 8 in eache bagg; but
I opened not the chistes.
_June 16._--I sent a letter to Capt. Adames by master carpenter to
Cochi, about finding out a place to trym our junck in. And I delivered
1 sack wheate to the baker, to pay in bread as we sell the rest. And
I had 1 peec Liquea cloth of Mr. Wickham to make Co Jno. of Goto a
_catabra_.[72] We had much flying news to-day that Shongo Samme was
dead. Others said it was Calsa Samme, his brother. Others reported
Fidaia Samme to be alive, and that many _tonos_[73] were gon to hym
to take his part. But I esteem all this to be fables. Yet others geve
out secretly that the Emperour ment to chang the government of all
these partes, and put other _tonos_ in their places. Soe that these of
Firando dowbt the retorne of their king.
Tome, my boy, carid out his chist and thought to have run away; but I
prevented hym, yet turned hym out of dores with a _catabra_ on his back
as he entred in. He thought to have pickt the lock of my money chist
the other day, and had so wrong the wardes that I could not open the
lock with my key, which made me to trune (_sic_) hym out of my chamber.
But he, misdowbting ferther disgrace, thought to have carid away all
his aparell and have geven me the slip.
The purcer of junck gave me 10 Liquea trenchers for a present.
_June 17._--I receved a letter from Capt. Adames from Cochi, wherin he
adviseth me that he hath taken counsell about the place most fittest to
trym our junck in, and findeth Cochi to be the place.
I delivered Mr. Richard Wickham the rich _cattan_[74] he left in my
custody at his departure towardes Siam. The purcer of the junck gave
me a greate Liquea cock for a present, which I sent to Bongo Dono, he
being desyrous to have hym.
I wrot Capt. Adames answer of his letter receved this day. And I sould
1,175 sackes wheate (brought from the Liqueas) unto Damian Marin, at 3
_mas_ per sack, containing 25 _gantes_ Liquea measure, to be paid in
amber grees, at 115 _taies_ the _catty_, to take 5 _cattis_ and pay the
rest in ready money.
_ta. ma. co._
The wheate amontes to 352 5 0
-----------
5 _cattis_ amber, at 115 _tais_ per _catty_, amontes
to 575 0 0
2 _cattis_ amber, at 90 _tais_ per _catty_, amontes
to 180 0 0
-----------
Som totall, 7 _cattis_ amber greese, amontes to 755 0 0
_June 18._--Capt. Adames came ashore to dyner, having unrigged the
junck at Cochi. He gave me a present of 3 nestes _gocas_,[75] with
their trenchers and ladells of mother of perle, with 10 spoons same,
and a peece of white Liquea cloth.
I receved a letter from Jorge Durois, dated in Langasaque, le 22nd of
June, new stile, wherin he advized me that no one man would buy all
our wheate till the shiping come from the Manillias. He wrot me that
above 2,600 persons are dead in Langasaque this yeare of the smallpox,
amongst whome his boy Domingo and a woman slave are two, since he wrot
me his last letter.
_June 19._--I wrote a letter to Mr. Eaton, sent per _sea bongew_. The
contentes appeare per coppie. Also I wrot other 2 letters in Japon to
our 2 hostes at Osekey and Sackey in kynd wordes, hoping they have
dealt well with us in saveing our goods, though the towns be burned.
I tooke a garden this day and planted it with pottatos brought from
the Liquea, a thing not yet planted in Japan. I must pay a _tay_, or 5
shillings sterling, per annum for the garden. And we bought 40 _gants_
of shark oyle for the junk, cost 1 _mas_ and two _condrins_ the _gant_.
And one of the mareners of the junck brought me 2 fishes for a present.
_June 20._--
_ta. mas._
We receaved 4 _catis_ 4 _tais_ 2 _mas_ wight, amber
greese, of Damian, cost 490 1
With 2 _cattis_ before rated at 180 0
-------
Som totall amontes unto 670 1
-------
I gave hym a bill of my hand for soe much money owing hym, to receve
our wheate at price before made, and rest in ready money.
And news came from King of Firando that he arived at Miaco the 18th of
the last moone, and was admitted awdience with the Emperour the 20th,
whoe used hym in all kindnes, which causeth much rejoysing here. Also
the Emperour hath given order into all partes of Japon to look out for
such as escaped out of the fortres of Osekey when it was burned. Soe
that prive enquirie was mad in all howses in Firando what strangers
were lodged in eache howse, and true notis thereof geven to the
justice. Yt is thought the padres at Langasaque and else where will be
narrowly looked after. They say the taking of this fortres hath cost
above 100,000 mens lives on the one parte and other, and that on the
Prince Fidaia Sammes parte no dead man of accompt is found with his
head on, but all cut ofe, because they should not be knowne, to seek
reveing aganst their frendes and parents after. Nether (as som say) can
the body of Fidaia Samme be fownd; soe that many think he is secretly
escaped. But I canot beleev it. Only the people of these sothern parts
speake as they wold have it, because they affeckt the yong man more
than the ould.
_June 21._--I sent a letter to Capt. Adames in answer to one of his
receved yisterday from Cochi, wherin he advised he bought 200 _gantes_
of shark oyle at Goto at 1 _mas_ per _ganto_, wishing me to buy no more
till he saw whether we had need of it or no.
I gave Tome my boy a _wacadash_[76] and most parte of his clothes, with
5 _mas_ in money, at the instigation of the China Capten. And Capt.
Speck had 50 _cattis_ tyn in 46 bars, to pay as wee sell the rest, or
else to content. And Mr. Nealson paid for 23 matts for new rowmes 6
_ta._ 7 _ma._ 4 _con._, with 2 _mas_ 5 _con._ comprehended for boate
hier.
And I receaved a letter from the _Dico_ of Ikanoura[77] advising me
that he wold com or send to me to make price for plank or tymber which
we should have need of. Unto which letter I retorned answer.
Ed. Sayer put away his ould man, and entertayned Co Jno. my ould boy of
Langasaque.
One of the kinges men came and tould me the perticulers of the news
above, and that Fidaia Sammes mother was fownd dead, and his sonne
alive, being a child of 8 years ould, whoe was carid to the Emperour
his grandfather; but the body of Fidaia could not be fownd, soe it is
thought he was burned to ashes in a tower in the fortres burned.
_June 22._--We put Yoske the cook away, haveing over many laysy felloes
in howse, and he 1 that could do littell or nothing, yet still runing
abroad. Mr. Nealson paid hym to cleare his reconyng 8 _ta._ 7 _ma._ 7
_condr._ And we receved 50 greate tiles this day. And there was a _tay_
paid for a years rent potato garden. And Facheman, our skullion, had a
parte of his wages paid by Mr. Nealson, three _taies_ in small plate.
_June 23._--I sent a letter to Jorge Durois by Symon _jurebasso_, in
answer of his of the 22th June, new stile, and how I had sould the
wheate to Damian Marine; and sent my clock by Symon to be mended; and
gave hym order buy som conserves, to invite the king at his retorne,
we haveing made an end of building our howse. Miguel _jurebassos_ wife
brought Capt. Adames a _catabra_, a barell wine, and figges, for a
present.
_June 24._--Som of Firando barks retorned from Miaco, as others did the
lyke into all partes of Japon, only the _tonos_ (or king) of each parte
stay with the Emperour to take _danco_[78] or counsell of what shall
be thought needfull; the souldiers being all sent home, the wars being
ended.
Also I receved a letter from our _bungew_ Ushanuske Dono, dated in
Miaco le 24th of Gongwach (or the moone past), wherin he writes me how
well the Emperour receved the King of Firando his master; and that a
sonne of Fidaia Samme of 7 years ould, by a band woman, was put to
death by the Emperours comand; and 100 _mas_ and 150 _mas_ a head of
all them which were in the fortres; soe that dailie many are brought in
and slaughtered.
_June 25._--There passed divers boates with men from Fingo[79] and
Shashma to goe to Osekey to make cleane the fortres, and, as it is
said, they begyn to build the cittie of Osekey and Sackay againe,
the Emperour having geven order that yf the former owners will not
forthwith new build their howses, that any other may enter upon the
_chaune_ (or plot) and build upon it.
_June 26._--Our fishmonger is run away this night and hath stolne a
boate of his neighbors. He was here yisterday very ernest with our
_jurebasso_ to have procured me to have lent hym 10 or 20 _tais_,
and in the end desyred hym to have lent hym but one _taie_, but was
deceaved of his expectation. And we bought 1_c._ 9_ta._ 8_ma._ amber
greese of Mr. Wickham for the Wor. Company at 100 _taies_ the _catty_.
Bongo Dono sent to me to have had a jar of Liquea wyne (or _rack_), for
that the Emperour hath sent to him to com to Miaco, and therfore he
sought for such matters to geve in present to grete men for a noveltie.
All the kinges barks are com back with the souldiers; only the
nobillety of all provinces stay with the Emperour. So it is dowbted
ther will be trucking (or changing of kingdoms); and that which maketh
me the rather to belive it is the Emperours sending for this man who
is the last man of the blood royall left behind the king, he being the
kinges greate uncle and brother to the deceased king Foyne Samme, and
is a bursen[80] man and therefore not fit to be emploied in service, he
being above 60 yeares ould.