[G. A. S. and JAMES H. SMITH have forwarded similar replies.]
With reference to the Query of J. D. A. (p. 106. ante), it would appear
that the cardinal's hat, but with a difference in the number of rows of
tassels, is sometimes seen on the monuments of men who never were raised to
that dignity.
In the Cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny, are two monuments placed there
during the rule of the Confederate Catholics, viz., that of James Cleere,
"Protonotarius et Rector ecclesiae D. Joannis Dioecesis oporiensis," who
died A.D. 1643, Nov. 14; and David Rothe, intrusive Roman Catholic Bishop
of Ossery, who died some years after--on both of which the arms of the
individual are surmounted by a cardinal's hat. It is quite certain that
neither of these ecclesiastics had a right to this distinction _as
cardinals_. For the right of Bishops and Prothonotaries to wear hats or
caps of the same shape as the cardinals, with their colours and
peculiarities, see _Glossary of Heraldry_ (Oxford), under "Cap-Cardinals."
Any further examples will oblige