A man so various, that he seem’d to be
Not one, but all mankind’s epitome;
Stiff in opinions--always in the wrong--
Was everything by starts, but nothing long;
Who, in the course of one revolving moon,
Was chemist, fiddler, statesman, and buffoon;
Then, all for women, painting, fiddling, drinking;
Besides a thousand freaks that died in thinking.
--DRYDEN.
We must now transport the reader to the magnificent hotel in ----Street,
inhabited at this time by the celebrated George Villiers, Duke of
Buckingham, whom Dryden has doomed to a painful immortality by the
few lines which we have prefixed to this chapter. Amid the gay and
licentious of the laughing Court of Charles, the Duke was the most
licentious and most gay; yet, while expending a princely fortune, a
strong constitution, and excellent talents, in pursuit of frivolous
pleasures, he nevertheless nourished deeper and more extensive designs;
in which he only failed from want of that fixed purpose and regulated
perseverance essential to all important enterprises, but particularly in
politics.
It was long past noon; and the usual hour of the Duke’s levee--if
anything could be termed usual where all was irregular--had been long
past. His hall was filled with lackeys and footmen, in the most splendid
liveries; the interior apartments, with the gentlemen and pages of
his household, arrayed as persons of the first quality, and, in that
respect, rather exceeding than falling short of the Duke in personal
splendour. But his antechamber, in particular, might be compared to a
gathering of eagles to the slaughter, were not the simile too dignified
to express that vile race, who, by a hundred devices all tending to one
common end, live upon the wants of needy greatness, or administer to
the pleasures of summer-teeming luxury, or stimulate the wild wishes
of lavish and wasteful extravagance, by devising new modes and fresh
motives of profusion. There stood the projector, with his mysterious
brow, promising unbounded wealth to whomsoever might choose to furnish
the small preliminary sum necessary to change egg-shells into the
great _arcanum_. There was Captain Seagull, undertaker for a foreign
settlement, with the map under his arm of Indian or American kingdoms,
beautiful as the primitive Eden, waiting the bold occupants, for whom
a generous patron should equip two brigantines and a fly-boat. Thither
came, fast and frequent, the gamesters, in their different forms and
calling. This, light, young, gay in appearance, the thoughtless youth of
wit and pleasure--the pigeon rather than the rook--but at heart the
same sly, shrewd, cold-blooded calculator, as yonder old hard-featured
professor of the same science, whose eyes are grown dim with watching
of the dice at midnight; and whose fingers are even now assisting his
mental computation of chances and of odds. The fine arts, too--I would
it were otherwise--have their professors amongst this sordid train.
The poor poet, half ashamed, in spite of habit, of the part which he
is about to perform, and abashed by consciousness at once of his
base motive and his shabby black coat, lurks in yonder corner for the
favourable moment to offer his dedication. Much better attired, the
architect presents his splendid vision of front and wings, and designs
a palace, the expense of which may transfer his employer to a jail. But
uppermost of all, the favourite musician, or singer, who waits on my
lord to receive, in solid gold, the value of the dulcet sounds which
solaced the banquet of the preceding evening.
Such, and many such like, were the morning attendants of the Duke of
Buckingham--all genuine descendants of the daughter of the horse-leech,
whose cry is “Give, give.”
But the levee of his Grace contained other and very different
characters; and was indeed as various as his own opinions and pursuits.
Besides many of the young nobility and wealthy gentry of England, who
made his Grace the glass at which they dressed themselves for the day,
and who learned from him how to travel, with the newest and best
grace, the general Road to Ruin; there were others of a graver
character--discarded statesmen, political spies, opposition orators,
servile tools of administration, men who met not elsewhere, but who
regarded the Duke’s mansion as a sort of neutral ground; sure, that if
he was not of their opinion to-day, this very circumstance rendered it
most likely he should think with them to-morrow. The Puritans themselves
did not shun intercourse with a man whose talents must have rendered
him formidable, even if they had not been united with high rank and
an immense fortune. Several grave personages, with black suits, short
cloaks, and band-strings of a formal cut, were mingled, as we see their
portraits in a gallery of paintings, among the gallants who ruffled
in silk and embroidery. It is true, they escaped the scandal of being
thought intimates of the Duke, by their business being supposed to refer
to money matters. Whether these grave and professing citizens mixed
politics with money lending, was not known; but it had been long
observed, that the Jews, who in general confine themselves to the latter
department, had become for some time faithful attendants at the Duke’s
levee.
It was high-tide in the antechamber, and had been so for more than an
hour, ere the Duke’s gentleman-in-ordinary ventured into his bedchamber,
carefully darkened, so as to make midnight at noonday, to know his
Grace’s pleasure. His soft and serene whisper, in which he asked whether
it were his Grace’s pleasure to rise, was briefly and sharply answered
by the counter questions, “Who waits?--What’s o’clock?”
“It is Jerningham, your Grace,” said the attendant. “It is one,
afternoon; and your Grace appointed some of the people without at
eleven.”
“Who are they?--What do they want?”
“A message from Whitehall, your Grace.”
“Pshaw! it will keep cold. Those who make all others wait, will be the
better of waiting in their turn. Were I to be guilty of ill-breeding, it
should rather be to a king than a beggar.”
“The gentlemen from the city.”
“I am tired of them--tired of their all cant, and no religion--all
Protestantism, and no charity. Tell them to go to Shaftesbury--to
Aldersgate Street with them--that’s the best market for their wares.”
“Jockey, my lord, from Newmarket.”
“Let him ride to the devil--he has horse of mine, and spurs of his own.
Any more?”
“The whole antechamber is full, my lord--knights and squires, doctors
and dicers.”
“The dicers, with their doctors[*] in their pockets, I presume.”
[*] Doctor, a cant name for false dice.
“Counts, captains, and clergymen.”
“You are alliterative, Jerningham,” said the Duke; “and that is a proof
you are poetical. Hand me my writing things.”
Getting half out of bed--thrusting one arm into a brocade nightgown,
deeply furred with sables, and one foot into a velvet slipper, while the
other pressed in primitive nudity the rich carpet--his Grace, without
thinking farther on the assembly without, began to pen a few lines of
a satirical poem; then suddenly stopped--threw the pen into the
chimney--exclaimed that the humour was past--and asked his attendant if
there were any letters. Jerningham produced a huge packet.
“What the devil!” said his Grace, “do you think I will read all these? I
am like Clarence, who asked a cup of wine, and was soused into a butt of
sack. I mean, is there anything which presses?”
“This letter, your Grace,” said Jerningham, “concerning the Yorkshire
mortgage.”
“Did I not bid thee carry it to old Gatheral, my steward?”
“I did, my lord,” answered the other; “but Gatheral says there are
difficulties.”
“Let the usurers foreclose, then--there is no difficulty in that; and
out of a hundred manors I shall scarce miss one,” answered the Duke.
“And hark ye, bring me my chocolate.”
“Nay, my lord, Gatheral does not say it is impossible--only difficult.”
“And what is the use of him, if he cannot make it easy? But you are all
born to make difficulties,” replied the Duke.
“Nay, if your Grace approves the terms in this schedule, and pleases to
sign it, Gatheral will undertake for the matter,” answered Jerningham.
“And could you not have said so at first, you blockhead?” said the Duke,
signing the paper without looking at the contents--“What other letters?
And remember, I must be plagued with no more business.”
“Billets-doux, my lord--five or six of them. This left at the porter’s
lodge by a vizard mask.”
“Pshaw!” answered the Duke, tossing them over, while his attendant
assisted in dressing him--“an acquaintance of a quarter’s standing.”
“This given to one of the pages by my Lady ----‘s waiting-woman.”
“Plague on it--a Jeremiade on the subject of perjury and treachery, and
not a single new line to the old tune,” said the Duke, glancing over the
billet. “Here is the old cant--_cruel man--broken vows--Heaven’s just
revenge_. Why, the woman is thinking of murder--not of love. No one
should pretend to write upon so threadbare a topic without having at
least some novelty of expression. _The despairing Araminta_--Lie there,
fair desperate. And this--how comes it?”
“Flung into the window of the hall, by a fellow who ran off at full
speed,” answered Jerningham.
“This is a better text,” said the Duke; “and yet it is an old one
too--three weeks old at least--The little Countess with the jealous
lord--I should not care a farthing for her, save for that same jealous
lord--Plague on’t, and he’s gone down to the country--_this evening--in
silence and safety--written with a quill pulled from the wing of
Cupid_--Your ladyship has left him pen-feathers enough to fly away
with--better clipped his wings when you had caught him, my lady--And
_so confident of her Buckingham’s faith_,--I hate confidence in a young
person. She must be taught better--I will not go.”
“You Grace will not be so cruel!” said Jerningham.
“Thou art a compassionate fellow, Jerningham; but conceit must be
punished.”
“But if your lordship should resume your fancy for her?”
“Why, then, you must swear the billet-doux miscarried,” answered the
Duke. “And stay, a thought strikes me--it shall miscarry in great style.
Hark ye--Is--what is the fellow’s name--the poet--is he yonder?”
“There are six gentlemen, sir, who, from the reams of paper in their
pocket, and the threadbare seams at their elbows, appear to wear the
livery of the Muses.”
“Poetical once more, Jerningham. He, I mean, who wrote the last
lampoon,” said the Duke.
“To whom your Grace said you owed five pieces and a beating!” replied
Jerningham.
“The money for his satire, and the cudgel for his praise--Good--find
him--give him the five pieces, and thrust the Countess’s
billet-doux--Hold--take Araminta’s and the rest of them--thrust them all
into his portfolio--All will come out at the Wit’s Coffee-house; and if
the promulgator be not cudgelled into all the colours of the rainbow,
there is no spite in woman, no faith in crabtree, or pith in heart
of oak--Araminta’s wrath alone would overburden one pair of mortal
shoulders.”
“But, my Lord Duke,” said his attendant, “this Settle[*] is so dull a
rascal, that nothing he can write will take.”
[*] Elkana Settle, the unworthy scribbler whom the envy of Rochester
and others tried to raise to public estimation, as a rival to
Dryden; a circumstance which has been the means of elevating him
to a very painful species of immortality.
“Then as we have given him steel to head the arrow,” said the Duke, “we
will give him wings to waft it with--wood, he has enough of his own to
make a shaft or bolt of. Hand me my own unfinished lampoon--give it to
him with the letters--let him make what he can of them all.”
“My Lord Duke--I crave pardon--but your Grace’s style will be
discovered; and though the ladies’ names are not at the letters, yet
they will be traced.”
“I would have it so, you blockhead. Have you lived with me so long, and
cannot discover that the éclat of an intrigue is, with me, worth all the
rest of it?”
“But the danger, my Lord Duke?” replied Jerningham. “There are husbands,
brothers, friends, whose revenge may be awakened.”
“And beaten to sleep again,” said Buckingham haughtily. “I have Black
Will and his cudgel for plebeian grumblers; and those of quality I can
deal with myself. I lack breathing and exercise of late.”
“But yet your Grace----”
“Hold your peace, fool! I tell you that your poor dwarfish spirit cannot
measure the scope of mine. I tell thee I would have the course of my
life a torrent--I am weary of easy achievements, and wish for obstacles,
that I can sweep before my irresistible course.”
Another gentleman now entered the apartment. “I humbly crave your
Grace’s pardon,” he said; “but Master Christian is so importunate for
admission instantly, that I am obliged to take your Grace’s pleasure.”
“Tell him to call three hours hence. Damn his politic pate, that would
make all men dance after his pipe!”
“I thank thee for the compliment, my Lord Duke,” said Christian,
entering the apartment in somewhat a more courtly garb, but with the
same unpretending and undistinguished mien, and in the same placid
and indifferent manner with which he had accosted Julian Peveril upon
different occasions during his journey to London. “It is precisely my
present object to pipe to you; and you may dance to your own profit, if
you will.”
“On my word, Master Christian,” said the Duke haughtily, “the affair
should be weighty, that removes ceremony so entirely from betwixt us. If
it relates to the subject of our last conversation, I must request our
interview be postponed to some farther opportunity. I am engaged in an
affair of some weight.” Then turning his back on Christian, he went on
with his conversation with Jerningham. “Find the person you wot of,
and give him the papers; and hark ye, give him this gold to pay for the
shaft of his arrow--the steel-head and peacock’s wing we have already
provided.”
“This is all well, my lord,” said Christian calmly, and taking his seat
at the same time in an easy-chair at some distance; “but your Grace’s
levity is no match for my equanimity. It is necessary I should speak
with you; and I will await your Grace’s leisure in the apartment.”
“_Very well_, sir,” said the Duke peevishly; “if an evil is to be
undergone, the sooner it is over the better--I can take measures to
prevent its being renewed. So let me hear your errand without farther
delay.”
“I will wait till your Grace’s toilette is completed,” said Christian,
with the indifferent tone which was natural to him. “What I have to say
must be between ourselves.”
“Begone, Jerningham; and remain without till I call. Leave my doublet on
the couch.--How now, I have worn this cloth of silver a hundred times.”
“Only twice, if it please your Grace,” replied Jerningham.
“As well twenty times--keep it for yourself, or give it to my valet, if
you are too proud of your gentility.”
“Your Grace has made better men than me wear your cast clothes,” said
Jerningham submissively.
“Thou art sharp, Jerningham,” said the Duke--“in one sense I have, and
I may again. So now, that pearl-coloured will do with the ribbon and
George. Get away with thee.--And now that he is gone, Master Christian,
may I once more crave your pleasure?”
“My Lord Duke,” said Christian, “you are a worshipper of difficulties in
state affairs, as in love matters.”
“I trust you have been no eavesdropper, Master Christian,” replied the
Duke; “it scarce argues the respect due to me, or to my roof.”
“I know not what you mean, my lord,” replied Christian.
“Nay, I care not if the whole world heard what I said but now to
Jerningham. But to the matter,” replied the Duke of Buckingham.
“Your Grace is so much occupied with conquests over the fair and over
the witty, that you have perhaps forgotten what a stake you have in the
little Island of Man.”
“Not a whit, Master Christian. I remember well enough that my
roundheaded father-in-law, Fairfax, had the island from the Long
Parliament; and was ass enough to quit hold of it at the Restoration,
when, if he had closed his clutches, and held fast, like a true bird of
prey, as he should have done, he might have kept it for him and his.
It had been a rare thing to have had a little kingdom--made laws of
my own--had my Chamberlain with his white staff--I would have taught
Jerningham, in half a day, to look as wise, walk as stiffly, and speak
as silly, as Harry Bennet.”
“You might have done this, and more, if it had pleased your Grace.”
“Ay, and if it had pleased my Grace, thou, Ned Christian, shouldst have
been the Jack Ketch of my dominions.”
“_I_ your Jack Ketch, my lord?” said Christian, more in a tone of
surprise than of displeasure.
“Why, ay; thou hast been perpetually intriguing against the life of
yonder poor old woman. It were a kingdom to thee to gratify thy spleen
with thy own hands.”
“I only seek justice against the Countess,” said Christian.
“And the end of justice is always a gibbet,” said the Duke.
“Be it so,” answered Christian. “Well, the Countess is in the Plot.”
“The devil confound the Plot, as I believe he first invented it!” said
the Duke of Buckingham; “I have heard of nothing else for months. If one
must go to hell, I would it were by some new road, and in gentlemen’s
company. I should not like to travel with Oates, Bedloe, and the rest of
that famous cloud of witnesses.”
“Your Grace is then resolved to forego all the advantages which may
arise? If the House of Derby fall under forfeiture, the grant to
Fairfax, now worthily represented by your Duchess, revives, and you
become the Lord and Sovereign of Man.”
“In right of a woman,” said the Duke; “but, in troth, my godly dame owes
me some advantage for having lived the first year of our marriage with
her and old Black Tom, her grim, fighting, puritanic father. A man might
as well have married the Devil’s daughter, and set up housekeeping with
his father-in-law.” [*]
[*] Mary, daughter of Thomas, Lord Fairfax, was wedded to the Duke of
Buckingham, whose versatility made him capable of rendering
himself for a time as agreeable to his father-in-law, though a
rigid Presbyterian, as to the gay Charles II.
“I understand you are willing, then, to join your interest for a heave
at the House of Derby, my Lord Duke?”
“As they are unlawfully possessed of my wife’s kingdom, they certainly
can expect no favour at my hand. But thou knowest there is an interest
at Whitehall predominant over mine.”
“That is only by your Grace’s sufferance,” said Christian.
“No, no; I tell thee a hundred times, no,” said the Duke, rousing
himself to anger at the recollection. “I tell thee that base courtezan,
the Duchess of Portsmouth, hath impudently set herself to thwart and
contradict me; and Charles has given me both cloudy looks and hard words
before the Court. I would he could but guess what is the offence between
her and me! I would he knew but that! But I will have her plumes picked,
or my name is not Villiers. A worthless French fille-de-joie to brave me
thus!--Christian, thou art right; there is no passion so spirit-stirring
as revenge. I will patronise the Plot, if it be but to spite her, and
make it impossible for the King to uphold her.”
As the Duke spoke, he gradually wrought himself into a passion, and
traversed the apartment with as much vehemence as if the only object he
had on earth was to deprive the Duchess of her power and favour with the
King. Christian smiled internally to see him approach the state of mind
in which he was most easily worked upon, and judiciously kept silence,
until the Duke called out to him, in a pet, “Well, Sir Oracle, you that
have laid so many schemes to supplant this she-wolf of Gaul, where are
all your contrivances now?--Where is the exquisite beauty who was to
catch the Sovereign’s eye at the first glance?--Chiffinch, hath he
seen her?--and what does he say, that exquisite critic in beauty and
blank-mange, women and wine?”
“He has _seen_ and approves, but has not yet heard her; and her speech
answers to all the rest. We came here yesterday; and to-day I intend to
introduce Chiffinch to her, the instant he arrives from the country; and
I expect him every hour. I am but afraid of the damsel’s peevish virtue,
for she hath been brought up after the fashion of our grandmothers--our
mothers had better sense.”
“What! so fair, so young, so quick-witted, and so difficult?” said the
Duke. “By your leave, you shall introduce me as well as Chiffinch.”
“That your Grace may cure her of her intractable modesty?” said
Christian.
“Why,” replied the Duke, “it will but teach her to stand in her own
light. Kings do not love to court and sue; they should have their game
run down for them.”
“Under your Grace’s favour,” said Christian, “this cannot be--_Non
omnibus dormio_--Your Grace knows the classic allusion. If this maiden
become a Prince’s favourite, rank gilds the shame and the sin. But to
any under Majesty, she must not vail topsail.”
“Why, thou suspicious fool, I was but in jest,” said the Duke. “Do you
think I would interfere to spoil a plan so much to my own advantage as
that which you have laid before me?”
Christian smiled and shook his head. “My lord,” he said, “I know your
Grace as well, or better, perhaps, than you know yourself. To spoil a
well-concerted intrigue by some cross stroke of your own, would give you
more pleasure, than to bring it to a successful termination according to
the plans of others. But Shaftesbury, and all concerned, have determined
that our scheme shall at least have fair play. We reckon, therefore, on
your help; and--forgive me when I say so--we will not permit ourselves
to be impeded by your levity and fickleness of purpose.”
“Who?--I light and fickle of purpose?” said the Duke. “You see me here
as resolved as any of you, to dispossess the mistress, and to carry on
the plot; these are the only two things I live for in this world. No one
can play the man of business like me, when I please, to the very filing
and labelling of my letters. I am regular as a scrivener.”
“You have Chiffinch’s letter from the country; he told me he had written
to you about some passages betwixt him and the young Lord Saville.”
“He did so--he did so,” said the Duke, looking among his letters; “but
I see not his letter just now--I scarcely noted the contents--I was busy
when it came--but I have it safely.”
“You should have acted on it,” answered Christian. “The fool suffered
himself to be choused out of his secret, and prayed you to see that my
lord’s messenger got not to the Duchess with some despatches which he
sent up from Derbyshire, betraying our mystery.”
The Duke was now alarmed, and rang the bell hastily. Jerningham
appeared. “Where is the letter I had from Master Chiffinch some hours
since?”
“If it be not amongst those your Grace has before you, I know nothing of
it,” said Jerningham. “I saw none such arrive.”
“You lie, you rascal,” said Buckingham; “have you a right to remember
better than I do?”
“If your Grace will forgive me reminding you, you have scarce opened a
letter this week,” said his gentleman.
“Did you ever hear such a provoking rascal?” said the Duke. “He might
be a witness in the Plot. He has knocked my character for regularity
entirely on the head with his damned counter-evidence.”
“Your Grace’s talent and capacity will at least remain unimpeached,”
said Christian; “and it is those that must serve yourself and your
friends. If I might advise, you will hasten to Court, and lay some
foundation for the impression we wish to make. If your Grace can take
the first word, and throw out a hint to crossbite Saville, it will be
well. But above all, keep the King’s ear employed, which no one can do
so well as you. Leave Chiffinch to fill his heart with a proper object.
Another thing is, there is a blockhead of an old Cavalier, who must
needs be a bustler in the Countess of Derby’s behalf--he is fast in
hold, with the whole tribe of witnesses at his haunches.”
“Nay, then, take him, Topham.”
“Topham has taken him already, my lord,” said Christian; “and there is,
besides, a young gallant, a son of the said Knight, who was bred in the
household of the Countess of Derby, and who has brought letters from her
to the Provincial of the Jesuits, and others in London.”
“What are their names?” said the Duke dryly.
“Sir Geoffrey Peveril of Martindale Castle, in Derbyshire, and his son
Julian.”
“What! Peveril of the Peak?” said the Duke,--“a stout old Cavalier as
ever swore an oath.--A Worcester-man, too--and, in truth, a man of all
work, when blows were going. I will not consent to his ruin, Christian.
These fellows must be flogged of such false scents--flogged in every
sense, they must, and will be, when the nation comes to its eyesight
again.”
“It is of more than the last importance, in the meantime, to the
furtherance of our plan,” said Christian, “that your Grace should stand
for a space between them and the King’s favour. The youth hath influence
with the maiden, which we should find scarce favourable to our views;
besides, her father holds him as high as he can any one who is no such
puritanic fool as himself.”
“Well, most Christian Christian,” said the Duke, “I have heard your
commands at length. I will endeavour to stop the earths under the
throne, that neither the lord, knight, nor squire in question, shall
find it possible to burrow there. For the fair one, I must leave
Chiffinch and you to manage her introduction to her high destinies,
since I am not to be trusted. Adieu, most Christian Christian.”
He fixed his eyes on him, and then exclaimed, as he shut the door of the
apartment,--“Most profligate and damnable villain! And what provokes
me most of all, is the knave’s composed insolence. Your Grace will
do this--and your Grace will condescend to do that--A pretty puppet
I should be, to play the second part, or rather the third, in such a
scheme! No, they shall all walk according to my purpose, or I will cross
them. I will find this girl out in spite of them, and judge if their
scheme is likely to be successful. If so, she shall be mine--mine
entirely, before she becomes the King’s; and I will command her who is
to guide Charles.--Jerningham” (his gentleman entered), “cause Christian
to be dogged where-ever he goes, for the next four-and-twenty hours, and
find out where he visits a female newly come to town.--You smile, you
knave?”
“I did but suspect a fresh rival to Araminta and the little Countess,”
said Jerningham.
“Away to your business, knave,” said the Duke, “and let me think of
mine.--To subdue a Puritan in Esse--a King’s favourite in Posse--the
very muster of western beauties--that is point first. The impudence of
this Manx mongrel to be corrected--the pride of Madame la Duchesse to be
pulled down--and important state intrigue to be farthered, or baffled,
as circumstances render most to my own honour and glory--I wished for
business but now, and I have got enough of it. But Buckingham will keep
his own steerage-way through shoal and through weather.”