PENTURE, a googing, or the eye of a clamp, fitted to receive a
goose-neck, or some bolt of iron which turns therein like a pivot in
its socket.
PENTURES _de gouvernail_, the googings of the rudder. See FERRURE _de
gouvernail_.
PEOTE, a light nimble Venetian wherry, used frequently as an
advice-boat, to carry expresses.
PERCEINTES. See PRÉCEINTES.
PERCEUR, a person who bores the holes for the tree-nails, or bolts, in
a ship’s-side.
PERROQUET, a top gallant-sail.
_Mettre les_ PERROQUETS _en banniere_, to let fly the top-gallant
sheets, as a particular signal to some ship in company.
PERROQUETS _volans_, flying-top-gallant-sails.
PERRUCHE, the mizen-top-gallant-sail.
PERTUIS, a dam, or channel of water, confined by a sluice.
PERTUISANE, a sort of pike or halbert, used to defend a ship from
being boarded.
PESER, to hang upon, or haul downward on any rope over-head.
PESER _sur un levier_, to heave, or purchase with a handspike.
PHAIOFNÉE, a sort of Japonese barge, or yacht, to carry the nobility,
&c.
PHARE, or _tour à feu_, a watch-tower, or light-house on the
sea-coast.
PIC _à pic sur son ancre_, close a peek upon the anchor.
PIECE, a cannon. See CANON.
PIECE _de charpente_, a general name for any pieces of timber properly
hewed, to be used in the construction of a ship.
PIECES _de chasse_, the chase-guns, or head-chases.
PIED _de vent_, a clear spot of the sky, appearing under a cloud to
windward.
PIED-_marin_, sea shoes; expressed of a man who has got sea-legs, or
who treads sure and firm at sea, as being accustomed thereto.
PIÉDROITS, the Samson’s posts, erected in the hold from the kelson to
the lower-deck hatchways, and notched with steps.
PIERRIER, a petrero, or small cannon, sometimes used in sea-fights,
and generally charged with musquet-shot, or swivel balls.
PIÉTER _le gouvernail_, to mark the stern-post with feet, in order to
discover how many feet of water the ship draws abaft.
PILIERS _de bittes_, the bitts of a ship.
PILLAGE, the plunder taken from any enemy after engagement.
PILON, or _petit écore_, a shore which is steep to, and but little
raised above the sea.
PILOTAGE, the navigating, conducting, or steering of a ship.
PILOTE, a sea-pilot, or the conductor of a ship’s course by the art of
navigation; also the master of a ship. See HAUTURIER.
PILOTE _côtier_, or PILOTE _de havre_, a coasting, or harbour pilot.
See LAMANEUR.
PILOTE _hardie_, a daring or enterprising pilot.
PILOTER, to pilot a ship into, or out of, a harbour or river.
PINASSE, a square-sterned vessel, called in England a bark.
PINASSE _de Biscaye_, a Biscayan barca-longo.
PINCEAU _à goudronner_, a tar-brush.
PINCES _de bois_, a sort of curved handspikes. See RENARD.
PINCER _le vent_. See ALLER _au plus pres_.
PINNULE, the sight vanes of any instrument, for observing or setting a
distant object at sea.
PINQUE, a pink, or narrow-sterned ship, with a flat floor.
PIPRIS, a sort of canoe used by the negroes in Guinea, and the Cape de
Verds.
PIRATE, a pirate, or free-booter; see also CORSAIRE.
PIRATER, to rob at sea; to infest or scour the sea as a pirate.
PIROGUE, an American canoe.
PISTON, the spear-box of a pump.
PITONS _à boucles_. See CHEVILLE _à boucles_.
PIVOT, an iron point which turns in a socket; as the foot of the
capstern.
PIVOT _de boussoule_, the brass center-pin of the compass.
PLAGE, a shallow or flat shore, without any capes or head-lands to
form a road or place of safety for shipping at anchor.
PLAIN, a flat, or shoal; whence,
_Aller au_ PLAIN, to run ashore.
PLANCHE, the gang-board of a boat.
_Mets la_ PLANCHE, the order to put out the gang-board from the boat’s
stern to the shore, to walk out upon.
PLAQUES _de plomb_, sheet lead, used for several purposes aboard-ship.
PLAT _de la varangue_, the flat or horizontal part of a floor-timber.
PLAT _de l’equipage_, or _un_ PLAT _des matelots_, a mess or company
of seven sailors who eat together. The word literally signifies a
bowl or platter, in which the whole mess eat at the same time.
PLAT _des malades_, the sick mess, under the care of the surgeon.
PLAT-_bord_, the gunnel, or gun-wale of a ship.
PLAT-_bord_ also means wash-board or weather-board.
PLAT-_bord a l’eau_, gunnel-in, or gunnel-to; expressed of a ship that
inclines so much to one side, as to make the gunnel touch the
surface of the water by crowding sail in a fresh wind.
PLATE-_bands d’assuts_, the clamps of a gun-carriage, which are used
to confine the trunnions therein.
PLATE-_forme de l’éperon_, the platform or grating within the rails of
the head.
PLATE-_formes_, an assemblage of oak-planks, forming a part of the
deck, near the side of a ship of war, whereon the cannons rest.
PLATINES _de lumiere_, the aprons of the cannons.
PLI _de cables_, a fake of the cable.
_Filer un_ PLI _de cable_, to veer away one fake of the cable.
_Vaisseau qui_ PLIE _le côté_, a crank ship.
PLIER, to bend or supple the planks of a ship by heat and moisture.
PLIER _le côté_, to lie over in the water, to heel extremely when
under sail.
PLIER _le pavillon_, PLIER _les voiles_, to gather up the fly of the
ensign, or furl the sails.
PLOC, the hair and tar put between the bottom planks of a ship and the
sheathing, to fill up the interval, and preserve the bottom from the
worms.
PLOCQUER, to apply the sheathing-hair to the ship’s bottom.
PLOMBER _un navire_, to try whether a ship is upright, or to what side
she heels, by a plumb-line and level.
PLONGEUR, a diver, whose employment it is to bring any thing up from
the bottom, as spunges, coral, &c.
PLONGER, to duck, or immerse any thing in the water; also to plunge or
dive into the water, &c.
PLUMET _de pilote_, or _panon_, a feather-vane, or dog-vane.
POGE, _ou_ POUGE, the order to put the helm a-weather, in order to
fill the sails, or bear away. This is the language of Provence. See
ARRIVE-_tout_.
POINT, a ship’s place, as pricked upon a nautical chart.
POINT _d’une voile_, the clew of a sail.
POINTAGE _de la carte_, the pricking of a course and distance upon the
chart, to discover the ship’s place.
POINTE, a point of land projecting into the sea; a low-cape, or
promontory.
POINTE _de l’éperon_, the beak of a prow, or cut-water.
POINTE _du compas_, a point of the magnetical compass.
POINTE _du nord, ou du sud, &c._ the north or south point.
POINTER, to direct or point a gun to its object.
POINTER _à couler bas_, to point a gun so as to sink a ship.
POINTER _à démater_, to point a gun so as to dismast a ship.
POINTER _à donner dans le bois_, to level the cannon so as to hull a
ship, or strike the hull.
POINTER _la carte_, to prick the chart. See POINTAGE.
POINTURE, the balance of a sail, or that part which is fastened by
balancing it in a storm; as the peek of the mizen, &c.
POITRINE _de gabords_, the filling, or convexity of a ship’s bottom,
as approaching the mid-ships from the stem and stern-post.
POLACRE, a polacre, or ship so called.
POLICE _d’assurance_, a policy of insurance.
POLICE _de chargement_. See CONNOISSEMENT.
POMMES, the trucks, or acorns placed on the flag-staffs, or spindles
of the mast-head.
POMMES _de girouettes_, the acorns placed over the vanes.
POMMES _de raque_, or _de racage_, see RAQUE.
POMME _de pavillon_, the truck placed on the top of the flag-staff, or
ensign-staff.
POMOYER, to under-run a cable with the long-boat.
POMPE, the pump of a ship.
_Affranchir, ou franchir la_ POMPE, to free the ship, by discharging
more water with the pumps than has entered by the leaks. See
AFFRANCHIR.
_A la_ POMPE, pump ship! the order to pump out the water from a ship’s
bottom.
_Charger la_ POMPE, to fetch the pump.
_Etre à une, ou à deux_ POMPES, to have one or both pumps constantly
employed to free the ship.
_La_ POMPE _est engorgée_, the pump is choaked or foul.
_La_ POMPE _est éventée_, the pump blows, or is split so as to be
rendered unserviceable.
_La_ POMPE _est haute, ou la_ POMPE _est franche_, the pump sucks, or
is dry.
_La_ POMPE _est prise_, the pump is fetched.
_La_ POMPE _se décharge_, the pump has lost water. See DÉCHARGE.
POMPE _à la Vénitienne_, a Venetian pump.
POMPE _de mer_. See TROMPE.
POMPE-_en bon etat_, POMPE _libre_, a good pump, or pump in good trim.
POMPES _à roue & à chaines_, chain pumps.
POMPES _du maître-valet_, hand-pumps, used for water casks, oil-casks,
wine-casks, &c.
PONENT, the west, in the language of Provence: also a name given to
the Western Ocean.
PONT, the deck of a ship.
PONT _à caillebotis, ou à treilles_, a grating-deck.
PONT _coupé_, a deck open in the middle, as in some small vessels that
have only part of a deck towards the stem and stern.
PONT _courant devant arriere_, a deck flush fore and aft.
PONT _de cordes_, a sort of netting to cover a ship’s waist, and
prevent the impression of boarders.
PONT _volant_, a spar-deck, or platform.
_Faux_-PONT, the orlop deck.
_Premier_-PONT, or _franc-tillac_, the lower, or gun-deck.
_Second_ PONT, the middle-deck of a ship with three decks, or the
upper deck of one with two decks.
_Troisieme_-PONT, the upper-deck of a ship with three decks.
PONTÉ, decked, or furnished with a deck; as opposed to undecked or
open.
PONTON, a pontoon, for careening or delivering ships; also a sort of
bridge of boats, composed of two punts, with planks laid between
them; likewise a ferry-boat.
PONTONAGE, the hire of a ferry-boat or ponton.
PONTONNIER, the master of a ponton, or lighterman.
PORQUES, riders.
PORQUES _acculées_, the after floor-riders.
PORQUES _de fond_, floor-riders.
_Allonges de_ PORQUES, futtock-riders.
PORT, a haven, port, or harbour.
PORT-_brute, ou havre brute_, a natural harbour, or port formed by
nature.
PORT _de vaisseau_, the burthen or tonnage of a ship.
PORT _de barre_, an harbour with a bar, that can only be passed at, or
near high-water.
PORT _d’entrée_, or PORTE _de tout marée_. See HAVRE.
_Avoir un_ PORT _sous le vent_, to have a harbour to leeward, or under
the lee.
_Fermer le_ PORTS, _ou_ PORTS _fermés_, to lay an embargo upon all the
shipping of a harbour. See ARRET.
PORTAGE, the space or room in a ship’s hold allowed to any officer,
&c. to contain his venture, or private trade.
PORTE-_bossoir_. See SOU-BARBE.
PORTE _d’écluse_, the flood-gates of a sluice.
PORTE _gargousse_. See LANTERNE _à gargousse_.
PORTE-_haubans, ou ecotards_, the channels, or chain-wales of a ship.
PORTELOTS, the thick stuff which encircles the side of a lighter under
the gunnel.
PORTE-_plein les voiles_, or simply, PORTE-_plein_! keep full! the
order to the man who steers, to keep the sails full, and prevent
them from shivering in the wind.
PORTE-_vergues_, or rather _herpes_, the rails of the head, reaching
from the cat-head towards the cut-water. See HERPES.
PORTE-_voix_, a speaking-trumpet.
PORTER, to sail, or conduit a ship.
PORTER _à route_, to stand onward, upon the course.
PORTER _au sûd, &c._ to stand to the southward, &c.
PORTEREAU, the flood-gate of a sluice.
POSTE, the quarters where the men are stationed in time of battle.
POSTILLON, an express-boat, or post-boat.
POT _à brai_, a pitch-pot.
POT-_à-feu_, a fire-pot, or stink-pot.
POT _de pompe_, the lower pump-box. See also CHOPINETTE.
POTENCE _de brinquebale_, the cheeks of the pump.
POUDRIER, an half-hour watch-glass.
POUGER, or _moler en pouppe_, to bear up, in the dialect of Provence.
POULAINE, _eperon_, the knee of the head, or cutwater.
POULAINES, the props which support a ship’s stem, when she is on the
stocks.
POULIE, a block of any kind to reeve a running rope through.
POULIE _coupée_, or _à dents_, a snatch block. See also GALOCHE.
POULIE _détropée_, a block shaken out of its strop.
POULIE _de grand drisse_, one of the main jear blocks.
POULIE _de guinderesse_, a top-block.
POULIE _de palan_, a tackle-block.
POULIE _d’itague du grand hunier_, the main-top-sail tye-block.
POULIE _double_, a double block.
POULIE _simple_, a single block.
POULIES _de caliornes_, winding tackle-blocks, or blocks furnished
with three sheaves.
POULIES _de drisse de misaine_, the fore jear-blocks.
POULIES _d’écoutes de hune_, top-sail-sheet-blocks, fitted also to
contain the lower-lifts.
POULIES _de retour d’écoutes de hune_, the quarter-blocks for the
top-sail sheets.
POUPPE, the after-parts of a ship, both above and below. See ARCASSE,
ARRIERE, DUNETTE, &c.
_Vaisseau à_ POUPPE _quarrée_, a square-sterned ship; such as are all
ships of war.
_Mettre vent en_ POUPPE, to bear away before the wind.
_Mouiller en_ POUPPE, to moor by the stern, or get out an anchor
a-stern.
_Vent en_ POUPPE, a stern-wind, or wind right aft.
POUSSE-_barre_! heave chearly! heave heartily! the order or
exhortation to those who heave at the capstern, to push forcibly on
the bars.
POUSSE-_pied_, or ACCON, a small boat used to catch shell-fish, &c.
See ACCON.
PRAME, a pram, lighter, or barge of burden.
PRATIQUE, in a naval sense, implies free intercourse or communication
with the natives of a country, after having performed quarantine.
PRÉCEINTES, the wales of a ship.
PRÉLART, or PRÉLAT, a tarpauling.
PRENDRE _chasse_. See CHASSER.
PRENDRE _hauteur_, to take the altitude of the sun, or a star. See
HAUTEUR.
PRENDRE _les amures_, to get aboard the tacks. See AMURER.
PRENDRE _terre_. See TERRE _& terrir_.
PRENDRE _vent devant_, to be taken with the wind a-head.
PRENDRE _un bosse_, to make sail, or clap on the stopper.
PRENDRE _un ris_, to take in a reef.
PRENEUR, _vaisseau_ PRENEUR, the vessel that has taken a prize.
PRES & _plein_, full and by! the order to the steersman to keep the
ship close to the wind, without shaking.
PRESENTER _le grande bouline_, to snatch the main-bowline, or put it
into the snatch-block.
PRESENTER _au vent_, to sail as the ship stems, without making
lee-way.
PRESSER, to press, or constrain into small compass; as cotton, wool,
or such like material.
PRETER _le coté_, to range abreast of a ship, in order to give her the
broadside. See EFFACER.
PREVOT _général de la marine_, a provost marshal of the marine, or
officer whose duty resembles that of the judge-advocate of naval
courts-martial.
PREVOT _marinier_, the swabber of a ship, who also chastises the
criminals, as being usually the most abandoned of the crew: this
part of his duty is performed in English ships by the boatswain.
PRIME _d’assurance_, insurance paid by the merchant for insuring the
ship’s cargo.
PRISE, a prize, or ship taken from the enemy at sea.
PROFIT, _avantureux_, the interest acquired by bottomry. See BOMERIE.
PROFONTIÉ, a ship that draws much water, or takes a large volume of
water to float her.
PROLONGER _un navire_, to lay a ship along-side of some other.
PROMONTOIRE, a cape, head-land, or fore-land.
PROUE, the prow of a ship, see AVANT.
_Donner la_ PROUE, to appoint the course, or rendezvous of the
gallies.
PROVISIONS, a general name for the provisions, and the warlike stores,
or ammunition of a ship.
PUCHOT. See TROMPE.
PUISER, to leak, or make water at sea.
PUISER _pour le bord_, to ship seas, or take in water, either over the
gunnel, or at the ports in the side.
PUITS. See ARCHIPOMPE.
PUY, a great depth of the sea on a level bottom.
Q.
QUAI, a wharf or key on the side of a harbour or river.
_Amarré à_ QUAI, _rangé à_ QUAI, moored along-side of the key or
wharf.
QUAIAGE, wharfage.
QUAICHE, a ketch, or ship so called.
QUARANTAINE, quarantine.
_Faire_ QUARANTAINE, to perform quarantine.
QUARANTENIER, a rope of the size of a rattling-line, used as a
lashing, &c.
QUARRÉ _de reduction_, see QUARTIER _de reduction_.
QUARRÉ _naval_, the naval square, a scheme drawn on a ship’s
quarter-deck, to represent the division of a fleet into three
columns, and exhibit the station of each particular ship in the
order of sailing; it is used to direct and regulate the movements of
each ship with regard to the rest, and preserve the whole fleet in
uniformity.
QUART _de rond_, _saloire_, _tamisaille_, the transom, upon which the
tiller traverses in the gun-room. See TRAVERSE.
QUART, the watch kept aboard ship, comprehending the time of its
continuance, and the people employed to keep it.
QUART _bon_, or _bon_ QUART, keep a good look out afore! look well out
afore there!
QUART _du jour_, the day-watch.
_Prendre le_ QUART, to set the watch.
_Au_ QUART, _au_ QUART! the watch, hoay! the starboard watch, hoay!
the manner of calling the watch to relief.
_Faire bon_ QUART _sur la hune_, to keep a good look-out in the tops.
_Le premier_ QUART, or QUART _de tribord_, the starboard-watch. See
TRIBORDAIS.
_Second_ QUART, or QUART _de bas-bord_, the larboard-watch. See
BASBORDAIS.
QUARTS _de vent_, the quarter-points of the compass, or those which
lie on each side of the cardinal and intermediate points, and are
distinguished in English by the word _by_; as N by E, N E by N, &c.
QUARTIER _Anglois_, or QUART _de nonante_, a Davies’s quadrant.
QUARTIER _de reduction_, a sinical quadrant, used by the French pilots
in working their days works, to discover the ship’s place.
QUARTIER-_maître_, an officer resembling the boatswain’s mate of an
English ship.
_Vent de_ QUARTIER, _ou vent largue_, a large, or quartering wind.
QUERAT, the planks of a ship’s bottom, comprehended between the keel
and the wales.
QUETE, the rake of a ship abaft, or the rake of the stern-post.
QUEUE _d’une armée navale_, the rear of a fleet of ships of war.
QUEUE _de rat_, tapering to the end; expressed of such ropes as are
pointed, or tapering towards the end, as the tacks, &c.
QUILLE, the keel of a ship.
QUILLE-_fausse_. See FAUSSE-QUILLE.
QUINTAL, an hundred weight.
R.
RABANER, to fit a sail with rope-bands and earings, ready for bending
to its yard.
RABANS, a general name given to earings, gaskets, knittles, and
rope-bands.
RABANS _d’avuste_, a sort of braided knittles, like those formed to
point a rope.
RABANS _de ferlage_, the gaskets employed to furl the sails to their
yards.
RABANS _de pavillon_, the rope-band of a flag or ensign.
RABANS _de pointure_, the head-earings, or reef-earings of a sail.
RABANS _de têtiere_, the rope-bands of any sail.
RABATTUES, the intervals between the drift-rails of a ship; this term
is peculiar to ship-wrights.
RABLES, the floor-timbers of a boat.
RABLURE, the rabbit or channel cut in the keel, stem, and stern-post,
to receive the edges of the garboard-streaks, and the ends of the
planks afore and abaft.
RACAGE, a parrel with ribs and trucks.
RACAMBEAU, a traveller, or small iron ring, which sometimes encircles
the mast of a long-boat, serving as a parrel to the yard or gaff.
RACCOMMODER, to repair or refit a ship’s rigging. See RADOUBER.
RACHE _de goudron_, the dregs of bad tar.
RACLE, or GRATOIR, a scraper, used to clean a ship’s side, deck, or
bottom.
RACLE-_double_, a two-edged, or double scraper.
RACLE-_grande_, a large scraper, used to clean the ship’s bottom under
water.
RACLE-_petite_, or _petit_ RACLE, a small scraper, employed to scrape
the planks, &c. above the water.
RACLER, to scrape the sides, &c. of a ship.
RADE, a road, or road-stead.
RADE _foraine_, a free road, or road where ships of all nations are
permitted to anchor.
RADEAU, a raft.
RADER, to arrive in a road.
RADOUB, the repair of a ship in a dock-yard, &c. or the employment of
the artificers to close the breaches in her hull with planks,
timber, or sheet-lead; as also to stop the leaks by calking, and pay
the bottom with stuff.
RADOUBER, to repair a ship, or give her a repair.
RAFFALES, or RAFFALS, sudden and violent squalls of wind.
RAFRAICHIR _le canon_, to cool or refresh a cannon in battle, as with
a wet-spunge, sometimes dipped in vinegar.
RAFRAICHIR _la fourrure_, to freshen the hause.
_Le vent se_ RAFRAICHIR, the wind freshens, or increases.
RAFRAICHISSEMENT, a supply of fresh provisions of all species.
RAISONNER _à la patache_, or _à la chaloupe_, to render an account of
a voyage to a visiting boat, when arrived near any port, in order to
obtain permission to enter the harbour.
RALINGUER, _Mettre en_ RALINGUE, or _tenir en_ RALINGUE, to shiver a
sail in the wind. See FASIER.
RALINGUES, the bolt-ropes of a sail.
_Mets en_ RALINGUE, or _fais_ RALINGUER! luff her up in the wind,
shake her up in the wind, let the sails touch! the order to the
helmsman to steer the ship so as to let the sails shake with their
edges to the wind.
RALLIER _un navire au vent_, to bring a ship to the wind after having
yawed to leeward.
_Se_ RALLIER, to approach any object at sea.
RAMBADES, two posts or platforms in the fore-part of a galley, whereon
the musketeers stand to fire.
RAMBERGE, a sort of packet-boat, advice-boat, or tender.
RAME, an oar.
_Plat_, or _pale de la_ RAME, the blade, or wash of an oar.
RAMER. See NAGER.
RAMEUR, a rower.
RANG, the rate of ships of war. As the division of the French navy
into classes or orders differs from the arrangement of the English
fleet, it appears necessary to mark that difference in this place.
The principal French ships of war are divided into three rates, each
of which is subdivided into two orders. All the inferior ships,
which are not comprehended in those rates and orders, are called
frégates and _corvettes_. See FRÉGATE, &c.
A ship of the first order, of the first rate, carries from 110 to 120
guns.
Ships of the second order, of the first rate, carry from 110 to 90
guns.
Ships of the first order, of the second rate, carry from 90 to 74 guns
upon three decks.
Ships of the second order, of the second rate, carry from 74 to 60
guns upon two decks, with the quarter-deck and fore-castle.
Ships of the first order, of the third rate, carry from 60 to 50 guns
upon two decks, &c.
Ships of the second order, of the third rate, which are now generally
called _frégates_, carry from 50 to 46 guns upon two decks, &c.
The _frégates_ from 46 to 32 guns, have sometimes two tiers of cannon
complete; but all those from 36 to 20, have in general but one tier
of cannon, the rest being carried on the quarter-deck and
fore-castle.
RANG _de rameurs_, a bank of rowers, or bank of oars.
RANGER _la côte_, or RANGER _la terre_, to coast, or range
along-shore.
Ranger _le ven_t, to claw the wind, or haul close to the wind.
_Le vent se_ RANGE _de l’avant_, the wind hauls forward; the wind
heads us, or takes us a-head.
RANGUE! stretch along, or, clap on here many hands! the order to the
sailors to range themselves along, to haul upon any rope, tackle,
&c.
RAPIDE, a fresh in a river.
RAQUE, a general name for trucks, but particularly the trucks of a
parrel. See also _Pomme de_ RACAGE.
Raque _de haubans_, a truck lashed to the shrouds, through which a
running rope is reeved.
Raque _encouchée_, a truck encircled with a notch, to receive the
spun-yarn by which it fastened to a shroud, stay, or back-stay.
Raque _gougée_, a truck hollowed on one side, so as to enclose the
rope to which it is fastened.
RAQUÉ, chafed, or rubbed, expressed of a cable, or other rope, which
is galled on the outside for want of service.
RAQUER, to fret, chafe, or rub.
RARRIVÉE, the movement of coming to, after having fallen off, when a
ship is lying-by or trying.
RAS, a small vessel or boat without a deck.
RAS _à l’eau_, a low-built vessel, or one which carries her guns very
little above the surface of the water.
RAS _de courant_. See RAT.
RASE, a composition of pitch and tar, used to pay a ship’s seams.
RASER _un vaisseau_, to cut down a ship, or take off part of her
upper-works, as the poop, quarter-deck, or fore-castle, in order to
lighten her, when she becomes weak.
RASTEAU, or RATELIER, the rack or range of blocks sometimes placed on
each side of the gammoning of a ship’s bowsprit.
RASTEAUX, or RATEAUX, the cleats nailed on the middle of a yard, to
confine the parrels, and tye, or jear-blocks, &c.
RASTEAUX, or _Rateliers à chevillots_, ranges, or cross-pieces,
fastened to the shrouds, or otherwise, in which pins are fixed to
belay the running-rigging.
RAT, a shipwright’s floating stage, used for repairing or calking a
ship’s bottom, &c.
RAT, or RAS, a race, or dangerous whirlpool; as the Race of Portland,
&c.
RAT. See COUET _à queue de rat_.
RATION, the allowance of bread, flesh, wine, pulse, &c. distributed to
the different messes in a ship.
RATION _double_, a double allowance, given on any particular occasion
of rejoicing.