_Member_, or _clause_, defined.

--_Memb_. and _clause_, generally used as synonymous, are discriminated

by some,

--_Clause_ and _phrase_, confounded by some,

--_Members_, simple, of a sent., punct. of,

--complex, do., do.,

--_Members_ of a sentence, arrangem. of, as affecting STRENGTH.

_Metaphor_, defined,

--what commonly understood to be,

--agreem. of pron. with antecedent in cases of.

_Methinks_, explanation of; the lexicographers on the word.

_Metonymy_, defined,

--_Meton._, on what founded,

--agreem. of pron. with its antecedent, in cases of.

_Metres_, more found in actual use, than those acknowledged in the ordinary

schemes of prosody. _Metre_, see _Verse_.

_Milton_, MURR. proposed amendment of the "unintelligible" language of a

certain passage of, criticised,

--double solec. in a pass, of, noticed,

--his poem, _L'Allegro_, what its versificat.; what the management of

the orders of its verse,

--do., _Il Penseroso_, what its extent and construction.

_Miss_ or _Misses, Mr_. or _Messrs._, what the proper applicat. of, when

_name and title_ are to be used together, in a plur. sense.

_Mistaken, to be_, irregularity of the verb; its import as applied to

persons, and as applied to things.

_Mimesis_, explained; droll examples of.

_Minus, plus, versus, viâ_, Lat., use of, in Eng., in partic.

constructions.

_Mixing_ of synt. with etymol., the manner of INGERS., KIRKH., _et al._,

censured. _Mixture_ of the _forms_ of style, inelegance of.

_Modifications_, defined,

--sense of the term as employed by BROWN.

_Moloss_, defined.

_Monometer_, scarcely constitutes a line, yet is sometimes so placed.

--_Monometer_ line, _iambic_, examples of,

--_trochaic_, do.,

--_anapestic_, do.,

--_dactylic_, an examp. of.

_Monopersonal_ verbs, see _Impersonal Verbs_.

_Monotone_, what, and how produced in elocution.

_Months and days_, names of, appar. proper names, and require capitals,

--how best expressed in literary compositions.

_Moods_ of a verb, term defined,

--the five, named and defined,

--_Mood_, or MODE, the name. See _Infinitive Mood, Indic. Mood_, &c.

_More_ and _most_, in ambiguous construction, ("_Some people_ MORE _than

them_," MURR.,)

--how parsed in comparisons of adjectives and adverbs.

_Moses_, in what characters, is supposed to have written.

_Most_, for _almost_, by vulgarism.

_Motion_, verbs of, with _hither_, &c., in stead of _here_.

_Much, little, all_, &c., as nouns,

--preceded by _not, too_, or other such adv.,

--_This much_, in stead of _thus much_, DR. BLAIR.

_Mulkey, W._, strictures on his system of orthoëpy.

_Multiplication_, subject of the verb in, see _Abstract Numbers_.

_Multiplicative_ numerals, as running on in a series; how written above

decuple or tenfold.

_Multitude_, noun of, see _Collective Noun_.

_Mute_ or _silent_, epithet applied to what letters.

--_Mutes_, what so reckoned; of these, which imperfect.

--Where a letter must be _once mute_.

_My_ and _mine, thy_ and _thine_, as duplicate forms of the poss. case, use

of.

N.

N, its name and plur. numb.,

--of the class _liquids_,

--its sounds,

--in what position silent.

_Name and title_, see _Proper Names_.

_Naming_ the letters of the alphab., importance of.

_Narration_, see _Discourse_.

_Nasals_, what consonants so called.

_Near_ and _nigh_, see _Like_.

_Need_, as an uninflected third pers. sing. of the verb,

--has perh. become an _auxiliary_ of the pot. mood,

--to what tenses must be understood to belong, if to be recognized as

an auxil. of the pot. mood,

--that good writers sometimes inflect the verb, and sometimes do not,

and that they sometimes use _to_ after it, and sometimes do not, how

may be accounted for

--three _authorized_ forms of expression, with respect to the verb.

_Needs_, as an adv., its composition

_Needless_, mixing of characters in printing, bad effect of

--capitals; effect of

--articles, to be omitted

--ellipses, the supposition of, a common error among grammarians

--use of participles for nouns, or nouns for participles

--words, ineleg.

--possessive or art. before a part., how corrected

--periods, or other points, after certain numeral expressions

--abbreviations, offend against taste

--dashes inserted, how to be treated

_Negation_, expressed in the early Eng. by multiplied negatives; such

manner of expression now obsolete and improper

--Effect on a _negation_, of two negatives in the same clause

_Negatives_, the comm. rule of the grammars, that "two negatives, in Eng.,

destroy each other, or &c.," whether a correct one

_Neither_, see _Either_

_Neuter verb_, defined

--_Neuter verbs_, the _active-trans_. verbs are so called in most

grammars and dictionaries; the absurdity of this

--extent of this class of verbs; their existence in any lang. denied by

some grammarians

--Neut. verb BE, conjugated

--_Neuter verbs_, made from active-transitives, (_am come, is gone_,

&c.;) these called by some, "neuter passives"

--of passive form, (_am grown, are flown_, &c.,) as errors of

conjugat., or of synt.

--do., how may be distinguished from pass. verbs

--do., DR. PRIESTL. mistaken notions concerning their nature and

propriety

--_Neut. verbs_, and their participles, take the same case after as

before them

--_Neuter verb_ between two nominatives, its agreem.

_Nevertheless_, its composition and class

_No_ or _none_, pronom. adj. _No_, as negative adj., "remarkable ambiguity

in the use of," noticed by PRIESTL., ("_No laws are better than the

English_;") how the ambiguity may be avoided

--as a simple negation, its construc.

--as an adv. of deg., relating only to comparatives, ("NO _more_,"

--"NO _better_")

--set before a noun, is an adj., corresponding to Lat. _nullus_

--In the phrases, _no longer, no more, no where_, DR. JOH. appar.

suggests wrongly the class; its true class according to its several

relations

--_No_, or an other independent negative, _repeated_, its effect

--_No_, adv., not to be used with reference to a verb or part.

--derivation of, from Anglo-Sax.

_Nominative case_, defined

--_Nom. case_, how distinguished from the objective in nouns

--as subj. of a finite verb

--different ways of using

--_Nominative_ and verb, usual position of, and when varied

--_Nom. case_ and _object._, at the same time, noun placed in the

relation of

--_Nom_. following a verb or part, with what must accord in signif. See

also _Subject_, &c.

_Nominative sentences_, examples of what MURR. erron. so terms; the prop.

construc. shown

_Nor_, see _Or_.

_Not_, its place in negative questions

--how spoken in grave discourse, and how ordinarily

--vulg. contractions of, with certain verbs

--used with other negatives

--do. with _nor_ (in stead of _or_) following, whether correctly, or

not

--derivation of, from Anglo-Sax. _Not but_, how resolved. _Not only,

not merely_, to what are correspondents

_Notwithstanding_, import and construc. of; misunderstood by DR. WEBST.

--formation and signif. of

NOUNS, Etymol. of

--_Noun_, defined

--_Nouns_, Classes of, named and defined

--Modifications of, named

--Persons of, named and defined; (see _Persons_)

--Numbers of, do.; (see _Plural Number_)

--Genders of, do.; (see _Genders_)

--Cases of, do.; (see _Cases_)

--Declension of

--_Nouns_, number of, in Eng.

--the sense of, how made indefinitely partitive

--examples of words commonly belonging to other classes, used as

--_collective, abstract_, and _verbal_ or _participial_, included among

common nouns; (see _Collective Noun_, and _Particip. Noun_)

--proper, (see _Proper Names_)

--_Nouns_, Synt. of

--_Noun_, why may not be put in the relation of two cases at once

--taken figuratively sing. for literally plur.

--required to be repeated, or inserted, in stead of a pronoun

--ellips. of, shown

--_Nouns_ of _time, measure, distance_, &c., (see _Time_)

--_Nouns_, derivation of, from nouns, adjectives, verbs, or participles

--poet. peculiarities of

_Numbers_, the distinction of, to what belongs, and how applied. (See

_Plural Number_.) _Numbers_, cardinal, ordinal, &c., (see _Cardinal

Numbers_, &c.)

--_Numbers_, abstract, expressions of multiplication in, ("_Twice one_

IS _two_,"

--"_Twice two_ ARE _four_," &c.,) seven different opinions of

grammarians respecting, examined by BROWN; who determines the prop.

forms of expression

--_Numbers_, expressed by letters, how to be considered; whether to be

marked by the period

--combined arithmetical, one adjective relating to an other

_Numerals, numeral adjectives_, see _Adjectives, Numeral_. _Numerical

figures_ used for references

O.

O, lett., as A, E, I, and U, self-naming

--its plural

--formation of the plur. of nouns in

--sounds properly its own

--where sounded as short _u_

--do. as obscure _e_

--diphthongs beginning with

--triphth. do. _O_, interj., with cap. lett.

--what emotion indicates

--differs from _oh_

--as denoting earnestness, before nouns or pronouns put absol. by

direct address; is no positive index of the vocative

--_O_, &c., MURR., erron. doctrine concerning, to what teaching it has

given rise

--_O_, &c., with a case following, Lat. construc. of, examined

--_O_, not unfreq. confounded with _oh_, even by grammarians.

_Obelisk_, or _dagger_, as mark of reference.

_Objective case_, defined

--_Obj. case_, how distinguished from the _nom._ in nouns

--before the infin. mood, how taken in Eng.

--as governed by active-trans. verb or part.

--"Active verbs govern the _obj. case_," MURR., defect of this brief

assertion; its uselessness as a RULE for "the syntax of verbs."

--_Obj. case_, of how many constructions susceptible

--whether infinitives, participles, &c., can be in

--two nouns in, after a verb, how parsed,

--Whether any verb in Eng. governs _two objectives_ not coupled

--_Obj. case_ as governed by passive verbs, erron. allowed by some

--what verbs not to be employed without

--_Obj. case_ as governed by prep.

--"Prepositions gov. the _obj. case_," why the brief assertion is

exceptionable, as the sole RULE, in parsing prep.

_Obsolete_ or antiquated words, use of, as opposed to purity, PREC. against

--_Things obsolete_ in Eng., DR. LATHAM'S attempts to revive.

_Ocean_, figurative representation of, as uttering his voice in tones of

varied quantity.

_Octometer_ line, may be reduced to tetrameter

--iambic, examples of

--_trochaic_, do

--dactylic, example of

--_Octometer_, trochaic, rhyme and termination of; its pauses, and how

may be divided; the most common form of.

_Of_ and _on_ or _upon_, difference between.

_Old English_, characters of its alphabet, shown

--occasional use of do.

_Omissions_ of words that are needful to the sense, Crit. N. against.

_Omitting_, verbs of, with part. in stead of infin.

_One_, employment of, as a noun or as a substitute for a noun; how classed

by some grammarians

--may be preceded by the articles, or by adjectives

--like Fr. _on_ or _l'on_, used indef. for any person; in this sense

preferable to a _pers._ pron. applied indefinitely

--CHURCH., citation ridiculing the too frequent use of, for pers. pron.

--as pronom. adj., requires verb and pron. in the third pers. sing. to

agree with it. _One an other_, see _Other. One_, or _a unit_, whether

it is a _number_.

_Only_, derivation of; class and meaning of, in its several different

relations

--strictures on the instructions of grammarians respecting the

classification and placing of

--ambiguous use of, (as also of _but_,)

--use of, for _but_, or _except that_, not approved of by BROWN

--_Not only, not merely

--but_, &c., correspondents.

_Onomatopoeia_ described and exemplified (extr. from SWIFT.)

_Or_, as expressing an alternation of terms, (Lat., _sive_.)

--in Eng., is frequently equivocal; the ambiguity how avoided

--_Or_, perh. contracted from _other_

--_Or_ and _nor_ discriminated

--_Or, nor_, grammarians dispute which of these words should be adopted

after an other negative than _neither_ or _nor_; MURR., following

PRIESTL., teaches that either word may be used with equal propriety;

BURN'S doctrine; BROWN, after revising CHURCH., attempts to settle

the question,

--_Or ever_, ("OR EVER _the earth was_,") the term explained.

_Or_ or _our_, terminat., number of Eng. words in; how many of these may be

written with _our_; BROWN'S practice and views in respect to this matter.

_Oral_ spelling, the advantage of, to learners.

_Order_ of things or events, the natural, PREC. directing the observance

of, in the use of lang.

_Orders of verse_, see _Verse_.

_Ordinal_ numeral, (see _Numerals._)

--_Ordinal_ adjectives may qualify card. numbers; cannot properly be

_qualified by_ do.

_Orthoëpy_, see _Pronunciation_.

ORTHOGRAPHY

--_Orthography_, of what treats

--difficulties attending it in Eng.

--DR. JOHNSON'S improvements in

--DR. WEBSTER'S do., in a different direction

--ignorance of, with respect to any word used, what betokens in the

user (See also _Spelling._) _Orthography_, figures of, MIMESIS and

ARCHAISM

--its substantive or pronominal character; (with _one._) how classed by

some; may be preceded by the articles

--requires _than_ before the latter term of an exclusive comparison;

yet sometimes perhaps better takes the prep. _besides. Each other one

an other_, import and just application of,

--misapplication of, frequent in books,

--DR. WEBST. erron. explanation of _other_, as "a correlative to

_each_,"

--_One_ and _other_, frequently used as terms relative and partitive,

appar. demanding a plur. form,

--_An other_, in stead of _another_. _Somehow_ or _other, somewhere_ or

_other_, how _other_ is to be disposed of.

_Ought_, principal verb, and not auxiliary, as called by MURR. _et al._,

--originally part of the verb _to_ OWE; now used as defec. verb,

--its tense, as limited by the infin. which follows.

_Ourself_, anomalous form peculiar to the regal style,

--peculiar construc. of.

_Own_, its origin and import; its class and construc.,

--strangely called a _noun_ by DR. JOH.

P.

P, its name and plur. numb.,

--its sound,

--when silent,

--_Ph_, its sounds.

_Pairs_, words in, punct. of.

_Palatals_, what consonants so called.

_Parables_, in the Scriptures, see _Allegory_.

_Paragoge_, explained.

_Paragraph_ mark, for what used.

_Paralipsis_, or _apophasis_, explained.

_Parallels_, as marks of reference.

_Parenthesis_, signif. and twofold application of the term,

--_Parenthesis_, marks of, (see _Curves_.)

--What clause to be inclosed within the curves as a PARENTHESIS, and

what should be its punct.,

--_Parentheses_, the introduction of, as affecting unity.

_Parsing_, defined.

--_Parsing_, its relation to grammar,

--what must be considered in,

--the distinction between etymological and syntactical, to be

maintained, against KIRKH. _et al._,

--character of the forms of etymological adopted by BROWN,

--what implied in the right performance of,

--whether different from analysis,

--what to be supplied in.

--_Parsing_, of a prep., how performed,

--of a phrase, implies its separation,

--the RULES OF GOVERNM., how to be applied in,

--of words, is not varied by mere transposition.

--_Parsing_, etymological and syntactical, in what order to be taken,

--the SENSE, why necessary to be observed in; what required of the

pupil in syntactical,

--syntactical, EXAMPLE of.

--_Parsing_ or CORRECTING, which exercise perh. the more useful.

_Participial adjectives_, see _Adjectives, Participial_.

_Participial_ or _verbal noun_, defined,

--how distinguished from the participle.

--_Participial noun_ and participle, the distinction between, ill

preserved by MURR. and his amenders.

--_Participial noun_, distinc. of VOICE in, sometimes disregarded,

("_The day of my_ BURYING,")

--_with_ INFIN. _following_, strictures on MURR., LENN., and BULL.,

with respect to examples of.

PARTICIPLES, Etymol. of.

--_Participle_, defined.

--_Participles_, whether they ought to be called verbs,

--appropriate _naming_ of the kinds of,

--often become adjectives,

--become adjectives by composition with something not belonging to the

verb,

--number of, simp. and comp.,

--imply _time_, but do not divide it,

--retain the _essential_ meaning of their verbs, but differ from them

in the _formal_,

--in Eng., from what derived,

--H. TOOKE'S view of the time of; with whom BROWN differs.

--_Participles_, Classes of, named and defined,

--(See _Imperfect Participle_ and _Perfect Part_.)

--_Participles_, grammarians differ in their opinion with respect to

the time and voice of,

--how have been called and treated by some,

--explanation of the different,

--how distinguished from particip. nouns,

--elegantly taken as plur. nouns, ("_All his_ REDEEMED,")

--appar. used for adverbs,

--some become prepositions.

--_Participle_ and ADJUNCTS, as forming "one name," and as such,

_governing the poss._, whence the doctrine; PRIESTL. criticised;

MURR. _et al_. adopt PRIESTL. doctrine, which they badly sustain;

teachers of do. disagree among themselves,

--governm. of possessives by, how BROWN generally disposes of; how

determines with respect to such governm.

--_Participles_, Synt. of,

--regular synt. of, twofold; nature of the two constructions; OTHER

_less regular_ constructions; which two constructions of all, are

legitimate uses of the participle; which constructions are of doubtf.

propriety.

--_Participles_, to what RELATE, or in what state GOVERNED.

--_Participle_, as relating to a phrase or sentence,

--taken abstractly,

--irregularly used in Eng. as substitute for infin. mood,

--in irreg. and mixed construc.

--_Participle_, transitive, what case governs,

--nom. absol. with, to what equivalent,

--each requires its appropriate FORM,

--questionable uses of, admitted by MURR. _et al_.; why BROWN is

disposed to condemn these irregularities.

--_Participle_ and particip. noun, distinction between, with respect to

governm.

--_Participle_ in _ing_, multiplied uses of, lawful and forced,

illustrated,

--equivalence of do. to infin. mood, instances of,

--every mixed construc. of, how regarded by BROWN,

--the "double nature" of, CROMB. on; his views, how accord with those

of MURR. _et al._, HILEY'S treatment of; BROWN'S strictures on do.

--_Participles_, place of:

--active, governm. of.

--_Participle_, trans., converted to a noun:

--converted, _when_ the expression should be changed:

--followed by an adj., its conversion into a noun appar. improper:

--comp. converted, how managed:

--not to be used for infin., or other more appropriate term:

--use of, for a nominative after _be, is, was_, &c., faulty:

--following a verb of _preventing_, how to be managed.

--_Participles_, converted, disposal of their adverbs:

--must be construed with a regard to the leading word in sense:

--should have a clear reference to their subjects:

--needless use of, for nouns, to be avoided:

--punct. of:

--derivation of:

--poet. peculiarities in the use of.

_Parts of speech_, meaning of the term:

--_Parts of speech_, named and defined:

--what explanations may aid learners to distinguish the different:

--why needful that learners be early taught to make for themselves the

prop. distribution of:

--WILS. on the distribution of:

--the preferable _number_ with respect to; the office of, specifically

stated.

--The _parts of speech_, passage exemplifying all.

--Examples of a partic. _part of speech_ accumulated in a sentence.

--Etymol. and Synt. of the different _parts of speech_, see _Article,

Noun, Adjective_, &c.

_Passions_ of the mind, by what tones to be expressed.

_Passive verb_, defined.

--_Pass. verbs_ contrasted with active-trans, verbs, in respect to the

object or the agent of the action; their compos, and construc.:

--their FORM in Eng.

--_Pass. verb_ BE LOVED, conjug. affirmatively.

--_Pass. verbs_, how distinguished from neuters of the same form:

--having active forms nearly equivalent to them, (_is rejoiced,

rejoices_; _am resolved, know_, &c.,):

--erroneously allowed by some to govern the obj. case in Eng.; CROMB.

in this category, cited, canon, pseudo-canons.

--_Pass. verb_, what should always take for its subj. or nom.:

--takes the same case after as before it, when both words refer to the

same thing:

--between two nominatives, with which should be made to agree,

("_Words_ ARE wind,"). See _Unco-Passive_, &c.

_Passive_ form of an active-intrans. verb followed by a prep. and its

objective, ("_He_ WAS LAUGHED AT,"). _Passive_ sense of the act. form of

the verb, ("_The books continue_ SELLING,").

_Past for future_, see _Prophecy_.

_Pauses_, term defined.

--_Pauses_, kinds of, named and explained:

--the distinctive, duration of:

--after what manner should be formed:

--forced, unintentional, their effect:

--emphatic or rhetorical, applicat. and office of:

--harmonic, kinds of; these, essential to verse.

--_Pauses_, abrupt, punct.:

--emphatic, do.

_Pedantic_ and sense-dimming style of charlatans &c., as offending against

purity.

_Pentameter_ line, _iambic_, examples of:

--is the regular Eng. HEROIC; its quality and adaptation:

--embraces the _elegiac stanza_:

--_trochaic_, example of, said by MURR. _et al_. to be very uncommon;

was unknown to DR. JOH. and other old prosodists:

--the two examples of. in sundry grammars, whence came; a couplet of

these scanned absurdly by HIL.; HART mistakes the metre of do.:

--_dactylic_, example of, ("_Salutation to America_,").

_Perfect_, adj., whether admits of comparison; why its comparis. by adverbs

not wholly inadmissible.

_Perfect definition_, what.

_Perfect participle_, or _second part._, defined:

--its form:

--how has been variously called:

--its character and name as distinguished from the imperf. part:

--why sometimes called the _passive part_.; why this name liable to

objection:

--how may be distinguished from the preterit of the same form:

--should not be made to govern an objective term. ("_The characters_

MADE USE OF," MURR.,):

--not to be used for the pret., nor confounded with the pres.:

--what care necessary in the employment of; when to be distinguished

from the preterits of their verbs.

_Perfect tense_, defined.

--_Perf. tense_ of indic., as referring to time relatively fut.

_Period_, or _full stop_, its pause.

--_Period_, or _circuit_, nature of.

--_Period_, probably the oldest of the points; how first used:

--how used in Hebrew:

--what used to mark:

--Rules for the use of:

--not required when short sentences are rehearsed as examples:

--whether to be applied to letters written for numbers:

--with other points set after it:

--whether proper after Arabic figures used as ordinals.

--_Period of abbreviation_, whether always supersedes other points.

_Permanent_ propositions, to be expressed in the pres. tense.

_Permitting_, &c., verbs of, see _Commanding_.

_Personal pronoun_, defined.

--_Personal pronouns_, simple, numb, and specificat. of:

--declension of:

--often used in a reciprocal sense, ("_Wash_ YOU," &c.,).

--(See also _It_.)

--_Personal pronouns_, compound, numb. and specificat. of. 298:

--explanat. and declension of:

--CHURCH. account of:

--of the first and second persons, placed before nouns to distinguish

their persons.

_Personification_, defined,

--MURR. definition of, blamed,

--what constitutes the purest kind of,

--change of the gend. of inanimate objects by,

--whether it always changes the gender of anteced. term,

--agreem. of pronouns with their antecedents in cases of,

--Rule for capitals in do.,

--comp.,

--_Personifications_, CHURCH, on the determination of gender in,

--_Personified_ objects, names of, put in the second pers., and why,

--how pronouns agree with,

_Persons_, term defined,

--_Persons_, named and defined,

--the distinction of, on what founded,

--_Persons, numbers_, &c., character of BROWN'S definitions of,

--_Persons_, in gram., nature of; absurd teachings of some

grammar-makers concerning,

--distinctions of, in written lang.,

--_Person_ and _number_ of a verb, what,

--_Persons_, second and third, of a verb, distinctive formations of,

--do., in Lat., shown,

--_Person_, nouns of the second, in Eng., in how many ways can be

employed,

--the _third_, put with the pron. _I_, by vulgarism, ("THINKS I _to

myself_,")

--the first, place of,

--_Persons_, whether the imperat. mood may have three,

--connected antecedents of different, agreem. of pron. with,

--connected nominatives of different, agreem. of verb with,

_Perspicuity_, as a quality of style, in what consists,

--is essential in composition; BLAIR quoted,

--the excellence of,

--Precepts aiming at offences against,

_Perversions of Eng. grammar_, the design, in part, of BROWN'S code of

synt, is to make intelligent judges of,

--_Perversions, literary_, Crit. N. concerning,

_Phonetics, phonography, phonotopy_, BROWN'S estimate of; DR. JOH. cited,

--account of,

--TRENCH'S views of,

--_Phonographic system_ of stenography, its practical value;

_phonotopy_, to what may be advantageously applied,

_Phrase_, defined,

--_Phrase_ made the subject of a verb, how to be taken,

--_Phrases_, distinct, conjunctively connected, agreem. of verb with,

--distinct, disjunctively connected, do.,

--unconnected, do.,

--BAD _phrases_, examples of, from authors,

--do., corrected,

--_Phrases_ or _clauses_, ellips. of, shown,

--_Adverbial phrase_, (so termed by some,) see _Adverb_.

_Place_ or _position_ of the different parts of speech, see _Article, Noun,

Adjective_, &c.

_Pleonasm_, defined,

--_Pleonasm_, when allowable with respect to a pron.,

--in what instances impressive and elegant; when, the vice of ill

writing,

--occurs sundry times in the Bible,

_Pluperfect tense_, defined,

--_Pluperf. tense_, what implies when used conditionally; what, in the

negative form of supposition,

--how formed in the indic. mood; do. in the potential,

--indic. form of, put by enall. for pluperf. of the pot.,

--PLUPERFECT, signif. of the term; several innovators (as BULL., BUTL.,

_et al._) have been fain to discard it,

_Plural number_, of nouns, how formed,

--of most nouns in Eng., is simple and regular,

--of nouns ending in a vowel preceded by a vowel,

--of do. in _y_ preceded by a consonant,

--of do. in _o_ preceded by a consonant,

--construc. of, when several persons of the _same name_ are spoken of

("_The Stuarts_,")

--of prop. names, its formation,

--of nouns in _i, o, u_, or _y_, preceded by a consonant,

--when _name_ and _title_ are to be used together, ("_The Miss

Bells_,")

--of nouns in _f_,

--of nouns not formed in _s_ or _es_,

--of compounds,

--of certain compound terms, ("_Ave-Maries_," &c.,)

--wanting to some nouns,

--of nouns of multitude,

--_Plural_, nouns made so by nature or art,

--of foreign nouns, 253,

--improperly formed by adding apostrophic _s_,

--of mere characters, how denoted,

_Plurality_, the idea of; see _Unity_, &c.

_Poetic feet_, treated,

--(See _Iambus, Trochee_, &c.)

--_Poetic foot_, of what consists,

--_Poet. feet_, number to be recognized in Eng.,

--principal Eng., named and defined,

--kinds of, which form ORDERS OF VERSE,

--what combinations of, severally form _dimeter, trimeter_, &c.,

--(See _Dimeter, Trimeter_, &c.)

--_Poetic_ collocation of words, in prose, as offending against

perspicuity, PREC. respecting,

--_Poetic diction_, treated,

--in what abounds,

--_Poetical Peculiarities_,

_Poetry_, as defined by BLAIR,

--character of its style,

--aim and end of,

--exterior distinction of,

--why difficult, by a definition, to be distinguished from prose,

--inept directions of some grammatists respecting the parsing of,

--_Poetry_, every line in, should begin with a capital,

_Points_, or _stops_, the principal, named, and their forms shown,

--the purpose of,

--length of pauses denoted by,

--often variously used in different editions of the same work,

--origin of, See _Punctuation_.

_Points_ of the compass, adjectives for; modes of varying them,

_Possession_, relation of, see _Property_.

_Possessive case_, defined,

--_Poss. case_, how formed

--disputes of the earlier grammarians respecting,

--CARD. _et al._ attempt to revive exploded error concerning,

--form of,

--origin of, in Eng.,

--odd notions of some grammarians concerning the regular formation of

--exceptions or irregularities in the formation of

--_Poss. case_, PEI. on, criticised

--ASH and PRIESTL. on the plur.

--use of the two forms of, in pers. pronouns

--_of the simp. pers. pronouns_, grammarians differ with respect to;

should not be considered mere adjectives

--are pronom. adjectives, according to DR. LOWTH and his followers,

--whose doctrine BROWN canvasses, also, WEBSTER'S, WILSON'S, MURRAY'S

--_Poss. case_, its equivalence to _of_ and the objective, not a

_sameness of case_, (in oppos. to Nix.)

--of pronouns, not to be written with apostrophe

--of nouns in appos., application of the possessive sign to

--by what _governed_

--whether the rule for, has true exceptions

--appos. of one with an other, ("_For_ DAVID _my_ SERVANT'S _sake_,")

the construc. examined

--appar. in abstract construc., ("_All_ MINE _are_ THINE,")

--as governed by a part, the construc. examined; COROL.

--why the governm. of, should be limited to nouns only

--whether before a real part., denotes the possession of something

--_Possessive sign_, omission oL not a true ellips.

--always implies a governing word,

--how taken by compounds

--liable to be added to adjunct of the former noun

--whether it can be rightly added to separate adjectives, ("_The_

GUILTY'S _prayer_,")

--_which_ noun of connected possessives takes

--Poss. case, place and order of

--generally equivalent to prep. _of_ and _the objective_,

--governed by something not expressed, ("St. Paul's,")

--_Possessives, connected_, how to be taken,

--Poss. _singular_, with _s_ omitted, ("For CONSCIENCE' _sake_")

--_Poss. case_ of nouns sing, in _ss_, false teaching of KIRKH. _et

al._, respecting the formation of

--MURR. rule for the construc. of, why objectionable,

--compounds embracing, lack uniformity in writing,

--peculiarity of, with respect to correlatives, ("Father's son,")

--_Possessive_ relation between a portion of time and its correlative

action, ("THREE YEARS' _hard work_" or, "_Three years_ OF HARD

WORK,")

--_Poss. case_, appropriate form of, to be observed,

--plural, with a noun in forced agreem., ("For OUR PARTS,") ib., N. iv:

--needless use of, before a participle, ("In THEIR _pronouncing the

Greek_,")

--_Possessive pronouns, my, thy, his_, &c., how often should be

inserted, or repeated

_Potential mood_, defined

--_Potential mood_, why so called; by what _signs_ distinguished,

--may, like the indic., be used in asking questions; why by some

included in the subj.

--in what tenses used; nature of the imperf. tense

--formation and inflection of its tenses, shown in the verb LOVE,

conjugated,

_Power_ of a letter, the _powers_ of the letters, what meant by, when

spoken of,

--The _power_ of a letter is not its sound, as MURR. et al incorrectly

teach

--The _simple powers_ of the letters, many irreconcileable doctrines

have been advanced thereon; GARDINER'S notions concerning, stated in

brief,

--RUSH'S explanations of, his pretentious scheme of the alphab. how

estimated by BROWN

--The _just powers_ of the letters, what, and how are to be learned,

--_Powers_ of the letters, variable; how become so; WALK, cited

_Praxis_, defined; lit. signif. of the word, as from the Gr.

_Precision_, as a quality of style, in what consists,

--Precepts aiming at offences against

--conciseness, or brevity, as opposed to

_Prefixes_, their management in syllabication, R.:

--Explanation of

--import and character of the particles used as, in Eng.; the _roots_

to which prefixed, not always proper Eng. words

--_Prefixes_, ENG. or ANGLO-SAX.,

--_Prefixes_, poet, usage with respect to,

_Preperfect participle_, defined

--_Preperf. part._, its form

--its nature and name,

PREPOSITIONS, Etymol. of

--_Preposition_ defined

--importance of a right use, and a right explan. of

--HARR. explanation of, as cited by LOWTH, stricture on HARR.

--its simplicity among the parts of speech; how should be explained in

parsing,

--no sufficient RULE for the synt. of, in most of the Eng. grammars,

_Prepositions_ and their objects, as preceding the words on which

they depend, ("_Of man's first disobedience, &c., Sing_" MILC.,)

--_Prepositions_, what it is, to find the terms of relations of;

disput. text cited in illustration

--the special _adaptation_ of; example of misuse by MURR., remarked on

--HARR., on the purpose for which almost all _prepositions_ were orig.

formed, and on the nature of their relations; his views controverted

by BROWN,

--Prepositions and their governed objects, the true determination of;

examples of joint objects, and of joint antecedents, wrong views of

MURR. and his followers concerning this matter.

--_Prepositions_, two connected, for what different purposes used

--two coming together, ("FROM AMONG the _just_,")

--_Prepositions complex_, what their character, and how may be

resolved; are occasionally compounded by the hyphen

--_Prepositions_, how might be divided into classes; the inutility in

parsing of the division into "_separable_ and _inseparable_;"

HALL'S absurd idea of a divis., noticed

--whether "two in immediate succession require a noun to be understood

between them," (NUTT.)

--words commonly reckoned, (_in, on, of_, &c.,) used after infinitives

or participles, in adverbial construc., ("_Houses to eat and drink_

IN")

--_Prepositions_, List of

--grammarians differ considerably in their tables of; do. concerning

the characteristics of; what BROWN supposes, in oppos. to the

assertion that "Every _prep_. requires an obj. case after it"

--LENN. and BULL. on "_prepositions becoming adverbs_," criticised

--MURR. on "_prepositions_ appearing to be adverbs," criticised

--_Preposition_, whether it can be justly said to take a sent. for its

object

--_Prepositions_, words in the list of, sometimes used as other parts

of speech

--extension of the list of

--examples of the less usual, _a_, and others beginning with _a_

--do. of unusual ones beginning with _b, c_, or _d_

--_unusual_, quotations illustrating further the list of

--_Preposition_, RULE of synt. for the _word governed by_

--_Prepositions_, in Eng., govern no other case than the obj.; most,

may take the imperf. part. for their obj.

--The brief assertion, that "_Prepositions_ govern the obj. case,"

wherein is exceptionable as the sole rule for both terms

--_Prepositions_, ellipt. construc. of, with adjectives, (_in vain, in

secret_, &c.)

--sometimes appar. govern adverbs

--_Preposition_, appar. governing a perf. part., ("_To give it up_ FOR

LOST")

--_Prepositions_, Synt. of

--do., in what consists

--what RELATIONS, show; (see _To_ and _For_)

--the parsing of; why tolerable writers are liable to err most in their

use of

--_Preposition_, the true terms of the relat. of, how may be discovered

--when beginning or ending a sent. or clause, what the construc.

--the terms of relation of, what may be; both usually expressed

--position of, with respect to the governed word

--_Prepositions_, several, dependent on one anteced. term, ("_A

declaration_ FOR _virtue and_ AGAINST _vice_," BUTL.)

--two coming together between the same terms of relat.; do. in the same

construc.; erron. remark of PRIESTL., MURR., _et al._, concerning the

latter

--_Preposition_, the separating of, from its noun, false doctrine of

LOWTH, MURR., _et al._, concerning

--_Prepositions_, prop, choice of

--do., with respect to the allowable uses of

--as adapted in meaning to _two_ objects, or to _more_

--_Preposition_, ellips. or omiss. of, where ineleg.

--insertion of, when do.

--_Prep. and its object_, position of, in respect to other words

--do., punc. of

--_Prep._, ellips. of, shown

--_Prepositions_, derivation of

--poet. usage with respect to

_Present tense_, defined

--_Pres. tense_, described

--of the indic., used to express general truths

--deceased authors spoken of in, and why

--for the past, by Grecism; in animated narrative, for do., by enall.

--of the indic. and the subj., when preceded by _as soon as_, &c., to

what _time_, refers

--of the infin., what time is expressed by; expedients used to express

_fut_. time by

--of the INFINITIVE, the ROOT, or RADICAL VERB

--of the subj., its use, and how considered by some

--_Pres. tense_, sometimes improp. with the conjunc. _that_, ("_Others

said_, THAT _it is Elias_")

_Preter, preterimperfect_, &c., disused terms for _past, imperfect_, &c.

--_Preter_, prefix, its meaning

_Preterit_, defined

--_Preterit_, described

--its form and variations

--present tendency to a reg. orthog. of, to be encouraged

--groundless rule of some, for forming second pers. of, when the pres.

and the pret. are alike

--not to be used in forming the comp. tenses of a verb

_Preventing_, verbs of, with part., in stead of infin.

--what construc. is proper for

_Primitive word_, defined

--_Primitive words_ regarded as such in Eng., may generally be traced

to ulterior sources

_Principal parts_, of a verb, (see _Chief Terms_)

--of a sent., how many, and what

_Priscian_, ancient grammarian, delivers the names of most of the Lat.

letters

_Progressive_ form of a verb, see _Compound_ &c.

_Pronominal adjectives_, see _Adjectives, Pronominal_

PRONOUNS, Etymol. of

--_Pronoun_, definition of

--_Pronouns_ in Eng., number of, and their variations

--nature of the representation by; are put substantively, relatively,

or adjectively; difference in these three modes of substitution

--Classes of, named, and defined; (see _Personal Pronoun, Relative

Pron._, and _Interrogative Pron_.)

--_Pronouns, compound_, constructional peculiarities of

--_Pronouns_, faultiness and discordance of most Eng. grammars, with

respect to the classification and treatment of; specification of

different modes of distribution by diff. authors

--Modifications of, named; these properties how distinguished in the

personal pronouns; do. how ascertained in the relat. and interrog.

pronouns

--Declension of; simp. personals declined; comp. personals do.; comp.

relatives do.

--appar. used for adverbs

--_Pronouns_, Synt. of

--_Pronoun_, agreem. of, with its anteced.

--do., with anteced. indefinite

--plur., put by enall. for the sing., agreem. of

--sometimes disagreeing with the anteced. in one sense, because taking

it in an other

--what the main point with respect to; what application of the rule of

agreem., in parsing

--_Pronouns_, agreem. of, with their antecedents, as affected by the

figures of rhetoric

--place of

--_Pronoun_, as representing a phrase or sentence

--under what circumstances can agree with either of two antecedents

--the parsing of, commonly requiring the application of two rules

--with suppressed anteced.

--needless introduction of, ("PALLAS, HER _glass_," BACON)

--with change of numb. in the second pers., or promisc. use of _ye_ and

_you_

--must present the same idea as the anteced., and never confound the

name with the thing signified

--employment of _the same_, with respect to connected relative clauses

--in what instances the _noun_ must be repeated, or inserted in stead

of

--should never be used to represent an adj., ("_Be_ ATTENTIVE;

_without_ WHICH," &c.)

--change of _anteced._ to accord with

--agreem. with collective nouns

--do. with joint antecedents

--do. with connected antecedents in apposition

--do. with connected antecedents emphat. distinguished

--do. with connected antecedents preceded by _each, every_, or _no_

--do. with connected antecedents of different persons

--agreeing with implied nominatives

--agreem. with disjunct antecedents

--what agreem. with disjunct. antecedents of different persons,

numbers, and genders

--do. with antecedents taken affirmatively and negatively

--do. with two antecedents connected by _as well as_, &c.

--ellips. of, shown

--punct. of, without pause

--_Pronouns_, derivation of, from Sax.

--poet. peculiarities of

_Pronunciation_, importance of an early habit of distinct

--how best taught to children

--_Pronunc._, as distinguished from elocution, what; how differs from

articulation

--_Pronunc._ of the Eng. lang., what knowledge requires; its

difficulties; whether we have any system of, worthy to be accounted a

STANDARD

_Proof-texts_, not to be perverted in the quotation, Crit. N.

--not _quoted_, but _invented_, by some, in their false illustrations

of gram.

_Proper names_ begin with capitals

--_Comm._ and _proper name_ associated, how written

--_Prop. names_, derivatives from, do.

--(_Names_ of Deity, see _Deity_.)

--_Prop. names_, application of rule concerning; distinc. between do.

and common appellatives

--of places, comparative difficulty of writing them

--modern compound, sparing use of hyphen in

--_Prop. names_, what their relative importance in lang.

--structure and signif. of; how should be written

--of plur. form, preceded by def. art.

--_Prop. name_, with def. art., acquires the import of a comm.

--_Proper_, from a comm. noun personified

--_Prop. names_ of individuals, strictly used as such, have no plur.;

_prop. name_, how made plur., and how then considered

--when they form a plur., how form it

--of persons, generally designate their sex

--_Prop. name_, in appos. with an appellative

--represented by _which_, ("_Herod_

--WHICH _is_," &c.)

--_Prop. name_ and _title_, when taken together in a plur. sense, in

what form to be written

_Property_, the relation of, how may be otherwise expressed than by the

poss. case

_Prophecy_, the past tenses substituted for the fut., in the lang. of

_Propositions_, permanent, in what tense should be expressed

_Propriety_, as a quality of style, in what consists

--its oppos., impropriety, what embraces

--Precepts aiming at offences against

_Prose_ and verse, in the composition of lang., how differ

PROSODY

--_Prosody_, of what subjects treats

--etymol. and signif. of the word

--_Prosody_, meagrely and immethodically treated in the works of many

grammarians

--undetermined usage as to what things belong to; how treated by some

of the old prosodists; account of SMETIUS'S treatise of; do.

GENUENSIS'S

_Prosthesis_, explained

_Proverbs_, their elliptical character

_Provincial_ expressions, use of, as opposed to purity

PUNCTUATION, arranged under the head of Prosody

--_Punct._, what

--principal marks of, named and shown; what they severally denote

--RULES _of_: for Comma; for Semicolon; for Colon; for Period; for

Dash; for Eroteme; for Ecphoneme; for Curves

--description of the _other marks_ of

--(See _Comma, Semicolon_, &c.)

--_Punct._, the present system of, in Eng., common to many languages

--why often found diverse, in diff. editions and diff. versions of the

same work

--duty of writers in respect to, and of publishers in reproducing

ancient books

--some account of the orig. and prog. of

--"improvement" in, which is no improvement

--confused and discordant explanations, by some, of certain of the

marks of

_Purity_, as a quality of style, in what consists

--Precepts aiming at offences against

_Pyrrhic_, defined

Q.

Q, its name and plur. numb.

--has no sound peculiar to itself; its power

--is always followed by _u_

_Quakers_, or Friends, their style of address, see _Friends_

_Qualities_ of style, treated

--See _Style_ _Quantity_, or _time_ in pronunciation, explained

--as defined by the lexicographers

--its effect in the prolation of sounds

--WALKER'S views of, unsatisfac. to BROWN

--as regulated by emphasis, MURR.

--_Quant_. of a syll., how commonly explained

--by what marks may be indicated

--_Quantities poetic_, how denominated, and how proportioned

--What _quantity_ coincides with accent or emphasis

--_Quantity_, on what depends

--where variable, and where fixed, in Eng.

--Crit. observations on accent and _quantity_

--_Quantity_, its distinction from _accent_

--Accent and _quantity_, differing views of authors relative to

--_Quantity_, impropriety of affirming it to be the same as accent

--DR. JOH. identification of accent with; such, also, that of others;

(not so HARRIS;) NOEHD. rightly defines; so FISK, (in Eschenb. Man.

Class. Lit.,) _et al_.

--our grammarians seem not to have understood the distinc. of long and

short, e. g., FISHER; so SHERID., WALK., MURR., _et al_.

--CHAND. absurd and confused scheme of, noticed

--suggestion of WEBST. on, approved

_Questions_, can be asked only in the indic. or the pot. mood

--direct, to be marked by the eroteme

--united, how to be marked

--indirect, do.

--a series of, how may be united and marked

--exclamatory, how to be marked

--_Question, mentioned_ in due form, how marked

--declaratively put, how uttered and marked

--in _Spanish_, doubly marked, ("¿Quien llama?";) in Greek, how

_Quite_, with art. and adj., construc. how differs according to position of

art.

_Quotation_, direct, first word of, written with capital

--_Quotations_ of proof-texts, &c., should be literally given

--dependent, separated from _say_, &c., by comma

--indep., preceded by colon

--_Quotat. within a quotat._, how usually marked

_Quoth_ and _quod_, signif. and use of, in ludicrous lang. or in the old

writers

R.

R, name and plur. numb.

--of the class liquids

--sound of; do., how can be varied in utterance

--what faults to be avoided in do.

--DR. JOH. account of; WALK. do.

_Radicals_, separable and inseparable, what are so called in Eng.

derivation

_Rath_, adv., used only in the compar. deg.

--_Rather_, with the exclusive term of comparis. introduced by _than_

--derivation of

_Reading, to read_, in gram., what the signif. of

--READ, verb, CONJUGATED _affirmatively_ in Comp. Form

_Reciprocal terms, reciprocals_, what pronom. adjectives may be so termed

--_Reciprocals_, EACH OTHER, ONE AN OTHER, their nature and import

--misapplicat. of, frequent in books; WEBST. errs in the signif. and

applicat. of _other_. See also _Other_

_Reciprocal_ or reflected verbs, constructions in imitation of the French

_Recurrence_ of a word in different senses, a fault opposed to propriety

_Redundant verb_, defined

--_Redund. verbs_, why made a separate class

--treated

--List of

_Reference_, marks of, ASTERISK, OBELISK, &c., shown; in what _order_ are

introduced

--what other signs of, may be used. _Reference, doubtful_, Crit. N.

concerning

_Reformers_ of the Eng. alphabet and orthog., some account of

_Rejoice, resolve, incline_, &c., import of, in the pass. form

_Relations_ of things, their infinitude and diversity; the nature of

RELATION

--_Relation of words_, what

--is diff. from agreem., but may coincide with it

--_Relation_ according to _the sense_, an important principle in Eng.

synt.; what _rules_ of relation commonly found in the grammars

--Simple _relation_, what parts of speech have no other syntact.

property than; what simp. _relations_ there are in Eng.

--_Relation_, with respect to a prep., _anteced. term_, what may be;

_subseq._, do.

--_Relation_, do., _terms_ of, to be named in parsing a prep.; how the

terms may be ascertained by a learner

--_terms of_, to a prep., may be transposed; are very various; both

usually expressed

_Relative pronouns_, defined

--_Relative pronouns_, and their _compounds_, named; declined

--chief constructional peculiarities of

--two faulty special rules given by the grammarians, for construc. of,

noticed

--construc. of, with respect to CASE

--ellips. of, in famil. lang., ("_The man I trust_;") do., poet.

--_Relative_ and prep. governing it, when should not be omitted

--_Relative pron._, place of

--clauses, connected, employment of, with _same_ pron. in each

--_Rel. pronouns_, exclude conjunctions

--derivat. of, from Sax.

--poet, peculiarities with respect to. See also _Who, Which_, &c.

_Repetition_, of a noun or pronoun, what construc. it produces

--of words, emphatic, punct.

--of words, through paucity of lang.; against propriety

--of do., as demanded by precision

--_Repetitions_, see _Pleonasm_

_Restrictive_ and _resumptive_ senses of the rel. pronouns, distinc.

between, expl.

--_Restrictive, relation_, most approp. expressed by the pron. THAT

--admits not a comma before the relative

--adj., admits not a comma before it

--part., do.

_Rhetoric, figure of_, defined

--Figures of _rhetoric_, see _Figures_

_Rhetorical pauses_, see _Pauses_

_Rhode Island_, the name how acquired; peculiarity of its application

_Rhyme_, defined

--_Rhyming_ syllables, their nature and quality

_Rhythm_, of verse, defined

--Fancifully explained by E. A. POE, (who without intelligence derives

the term from [Greek: hurithmos])

--sense and signif. of the word

_Roman letters_, some account of

_Rules_, of RELATION, what, commonly found in grammars

--of SYNT., those common in grammars ill adapted to their purpose;

examples of such

--of do., exposition of the faulty charac. of those in Eng. grammars

--_Rules of grammar_, advantage of, in the written language

_Rush, Dr. J._, his new doctrine of the vowels and consonants, in oppos. to

the old, how estimated by BROWN

--his doctrine of a duplicity of the vocal elements, perstringed

--his strange division of the vowels "into two parts," and conversion

of most of them into diphthongs; his enumeration and specification of

the alphabetic elements

S.

S, its name and plur. numb.

--final, in monosyllables, spell.

--of the poss. case, occas. dropping of; the elis. how to be regarded,

and when to be allowed

--its sounds

--in what words silent

--_Ss_, sound of

_S_ or _es_, verbal termin., DR. LOWTH'S account of

_Sans_, from Fr., signif., and where read

_Sabaoth_, see _Deity_

_Same cases_, construc. of

--do., on what founded

--what position of the words, admitted by the construc.

--_Same case_, after _what verbs_, except those which are pass., taken

--_Same cases_, notice of the faulty rules given by LOWTH, MURR., _et

al._, for the construc. of

_Sameness_ of signif., what should be that of the nom. following a verb or

part.

--_Sameness_ of words, see _Identity_

_Sapphic_, verse, described

--_stanza_, composition of; examp. from HOR.

--_Sapphic verse_, difficulty of; Eng. Sapphics few; scansion of; "The

Widow," of SOUTHEY, scanned

--_Eng. Sapphic_, DR. WATTS'S ode, (in part.) "The Day of Judgement,"

"_attempted in_"

--HUMPH. on, cited

--_Sapphics_, burlesque, examples of

_Save, saving_, as denoting exception, class and construc. of

--_Save_, derivation of

_Saxon_, alphabet, some account of

--lang., its form about the year 450; do. subsequently

_Scanning_, or _scansion_, explained

--Why, in _scanning_, the principal feet are to be preferred to the

secondary

--The poetry of the earliest Eng. poets, not easy of _scansion_

_Script letters_, the alphabet exhibited in

--the _forms_ of, their adaptation to the pen

_Scripture names_, many discrepancies in, found in different editions of

the Bible. _Scriptures_, see _Bible_

_Section_, mark, uses of

SEE, verb, irreg., act., CONJUGATED affirmatively

--takes infin. without prep. TO

--its construc. with infin. without _to_

_Seeing_ and _provided_, as connectives, their class

_Seldom_, adv., its comparison; use of, as an adj.

_Self_, in the format, of the comp. pers. pronouns

--CHURCH. explan. of

--signif. and use of

--as an Eng. prefix

--after a noun poss., in poet. diction

_Self-contradiction_, Crit. N. respecting

_Self-naming letters_

_Semicolon_, point

--for what purpose used

--from what takes its name

--_when_ adopted in England

--is useful and necessary, though discarded by some late grammarians

--Rules for the use of

_Semivowel_, defined

--_Semivowels_ named; nature of _w_ and _y_; sound of certain, as

aspirates

_Sense_ and construc. to be considered, in joining together or writing

separately words otherw. liable to be misunderstood

--_Sense_ or meaning, necessary to be observed in parsing

_Senseless jumbling_, Crit. N. concerning

_Sentence_, defined

--_Sentence_, its parts, principal and subordinate

--_Sentences_, the two kinds of, named and defined

--whether a tripartite distribut. of is expedient

--_Simple sent._, false notions amongst grammarians of what constitutes

one; _the parsing of words_ not affected thereby

--_Sentences_, simp. and comp., DR. WILS. explanation of

--component parts of, what these are

--whether all, can be divided into clauses

--in what FIVE WAYS, can be analyzed

--_Sentences_, simp., punct.

of,

--distinct, do.,

--allied, do.,

--short, rehearsed in close succession, how pointed.

_Series_, of terms, proper use of the _articles_ in,

--of words, how to be commaed.

_Set_ and _sit_, signif. and employment of.

_Sex_, to what persons ascribed; why a young child may be spoken of without

distinc. of,

--whether animals may be represented as of no,

--inanimate objects fig. represented as having.

--_Sexes_, distinction of, by _words_, in diff. ways,

--denoted by _terminat_. of words,

--designated by _proper names_.

_Shall_, verb, how varied,

--original signif. of,

--explet. use of.

--_Shall_ and _will_, discriminative application of, in the fut. indic.

_Sheridan, T._, actor and orthoëpist, his literary reputation; the worth of

his writings.

_Side_, noun, peculiarities of usage in regard to.

_Silent_, or _mute_, when a letter is said to be.

_Silliness, literary_, Crit. N. concerning.

_Simile_, explained.

_Since_, improp. use of, for _ago_,

--derivation of, from Anglo-Sax.

_Sit_ and _set_, use and signif. of.

_So_, as expressing the sense of a preced. word or phrase,

--derivation of, from Sax.

--_So

--as, as

--so_, correspondents.

_Soever_ or _soe'er_, whether a word or only a part of an other word; how

explained by WEBST.

_Solemn style_, as distinguished from the familiar,

--should not be displaced from the paradigms in a grammar,

--is not adapted to familiar discourse,

--pres. and pret. terminations of, what, and how uttered,

--examp. of, second pers. sing., negat., throughout the verb LOVE,

conjugated.

_Some_, classed,

--vulg. used for _somewhat_, or _in some degree_, ("SOME _longer_,"

SANB.). _Somehow_ or _other, somewhere_ or _other_, what the

construc. _Somewhere, nowhere, anywhere_, &c., their class, and how

should be written.

_Sort_, see _Kind_.

_Sound_, of a letter, commonly called its _power_,

--_elementary_, of the voice, defined.

--_Sounds_, simp. or primary, numb. in Eng.,

--elementary, what meant by; are few in numb.; their _combinations_ may

be innumerable.

--_Vowel_ sounds, or vocal elements, how produced, and where heard;

what those in Eng., and how may be modified in the format. of

syllables; do., how may be written, and how uttered.

--_Consonant sounds_, simp., in Eng., how many, and what; by what

letters marked; in what words heard.

--_Sounds_, long and short, SIGNS used to denote them.

--_Sounds_, a knowledge of, how acquired,

--importance of being early taught to pronounce those of one's native

lang.

--Passage exemplifying _all the letters_, and _all the_ SOUNDS, in Eng.

--_Sounds of the Letters_, treated.

_Speak, to speak_, what is meant by.

_Speaker_, why often speaks of himself in the third pers.,

--represents himself and others by _we_,

--in Eng., should mention himself last.

--The _elegant speaker_, by what distinguished.

_Species_ and _figure_ of words, what so called,

--unsettled usage of the lang. with regard to what relates to the

latter. _Species_ and _genus_ of things, how admits limitation by the

article.

SPELLING, defined.

--_Spelling_, how to be acquired,

--cause of the difficulty of its acquisition,

--Rules for,

--_usage_, as a law of,

--uniformity and consistency in, how only can be attained.

--The _right spelling_ of a word, what, PHILOLOG. Mus.

--_Oral spelling_, how should be conducted.

--Charac. of BROWN'S rules for _spelling_.

_Spondee_, defined.

_St_, unsyllab. suffix, whether, wherever found, is a modem contrac. of the

syllable _est_.

_Standards_ of English _orthog._, the books proposed as such, abound in

errors and inconsistencies.

--Whether we have a system of Eng. ORTHOEPY worthy to be accounted a

STANDARD.

_Stanza_, defined.

--_Stanzas_, uniformity of, in the same poem,

--varieties of,

--_Elegiac stanza_, described.

--_Stanzas, lyric_, examples of,

--"A GOOD NAME," ("two beautiful little _stanzas_," BROWN).

_Star_, or _asterisk_, use of.

--_Three stars_, or _asterism_,

_Stenotone_, or _breve_, for what used.

_Stops_, in printing or writing, see _Points_.

_Strength_, as a quality of style, in what consists,

--essentials of,

--Precepts aiming at offences against.

_Strew_, whether, or not, an other mode of spelling _strow_; whether to be

distinguished in utterance from do.; whether reg. or irreg.

STYLE, qualities of, treated.

--_Style_, as connected with synt., what,

--differs from mere words and mere grammar; not regulated entirely by

rules of construc.,

--what relation has to the author himself, and what shows,

--general characters of, by what epithets designated.

--What must be remembered by the learner, in forming his _style_; a

good _style_ how acquired.

--_Style, solemn, familiar_, &c., as used in gram., what meant by.

--(See _Solemn Style_.)

_Subaudition_, meaning of the term. _Subdisjunctive_ particle, of the

Latins, expressed in Eng. by _or_ of alternat.

_Subject_ of a finite verb, what, and how may be known,

--must be the NOM. CASE,

--what besides a noun or pronoun may be.

--_Subject phrases_, joint, what agreements require.

--_Subject_ and _predicate_, in analysis. See also _Nominative Case_.

_Subjunctive mood_, defined.

--_Subj. mood_, why so called; what denotes,

--differing views of grammarians in regard to the numb. and form of its

tenses.

--The true _subj. mood_ rejected by some late grammarians; strictures

on WELLS.

--WELD'S erroneous teaching respecting the _subj._, noticed,

--CHAND. do., do.

--Chief characteristical diff. between the indic. and the _subj. mood_.

--_Subj. mood_ described,

--its two tenses do., and their forms shown, in the verb LOVE,

conjugated,

--whether ever put after a rel. pronoun,

--proper limits of,

--how properly employed.

--_False subj_.

--_Subj. mood_, not necessarily governed by _if, lest_, &c.

_Such_, corresponding to _that_, with infin. foll.,

--with rel. _as_ following, in stead of _who_ or _which_.

_Sui generis_, what thing is thus designated.

_Superlative degree_, defined,

--BROWN'S definit. of, and of the other degrees, _new_; the faulty

charac. of those of MURR., shown,

--the true nature of; how may be used; to what is applicable; the

explanations of, by the copyists of MURR., criticised,

--whether not applicable to _two_ objects,

--_when employed_, what construc. of the latter term should follow.

--_Double superlatives_, to be avoided.

--_Superl. termination_, contractions of.

_Supplied_, in parsing, what must be. See also _Ellipsis_.

_Suppression_, mark of, see _Ellipsis_.

_Syllabic_ writing, far inferior to the alphabetic, BLAIR.

_Syllabication_, Rules of,

--the doctrine of, why attended with difficulty,

--object of; WALK. on; strictures on MULK. rules of,

--which of the four purposes of, is preferable in spelling-books and

dictionaries,

--DR. LOWTH on,

--nature of BROWN'S six Rules of; advantage of a system of, founded on

the pronunciat.,

--LATH. and FOWL. fictitious dilemmas in.

--_Syllabication_, erroneous, samples of, from MURR., WEBST., _et al_.

SYLLABLES, treated.

--_Syllable_ defined.

--_Syllable_, cannot be formed without a vowel,

--cannot be broken.

--_Syllables_, numb. of, in a word,

--words denominated from their numb. of,

--the ear chiefly directs in the division of words into.

--(See _Syllabication_.)

--_Syllable_, its quantity in poetry,

--do., on what depends.

_Syllepsis_, explained,

--literal signif. of the term; extended applicat. of do. by the

grammarians and rhetoricians; BROWN, by his definition, gives it a

more restricted applicat.; disapproves of WEBST. explanat. of the

term,

--what definition or what applicat. of the term is the most approp.,

has become doubtful.

_Synæresis_, explained.

_Synchysis_, what was so termed by some of the ancients; is different from

_hyperbaton_; its import in gram.; its literal signif.

_Syncope_, explained.

_Synecdoche_, (comprehension,) explained.

--_Synecd._, agreem. of pron. with anteced., in cases of.

_Synonymous_, words so accounted, PREC. concerning the use of.

_Syntactical parsing_, see _Parsing_.

SYNTAX.

--_Synt._, of what treats,

--the _relation_ of words, the most important principle of; defects of

the grammars in treating of do.,

--false exhibitions of grammarians with respect to the scope and parts

of,

--character of the rules of, found in most grammars,

--divided by some grammarians into _concord_ and _governm._, and yet

treated by them without regard to such division,

--common fault of grammarians, noticed, of joining together diff. parts

of speech in the same rule of,

--do., of making the rules of, double or triple in their form,

--whether the principles of etymol. affect those of.

--All _synt._, on what founded.

--Why BROWN deemed it needful to add to his code of _synt_. a GENERAL

RULE and CRITICAL NOTES. Figures of _syntax_.

T.

T, name and plur. numb. of,

--substitution of, for _ed_, how far allowable,

--sounds of,

--is seldom silent; in what words not sounded. _Th_, ([Greek: Th],

[Greek: alt-th], or [Greek: alt2-th], Gr.,) what represents; how was

represented in Anglo-Sax., and to what sounds applied; the two sounds

of. _To a Tee_, the colloq. phrase, explained.

_Tautology_ of expression or of sentiment, a fault opposed to precision.

_Teacher_, what should be his aim with respect to gram.

_Technical_ terms, unnec. use of, as opposed to propriety. _Technically_,

words and signs taken, how to be construed.

_Tenses_, term defined.

--_Tenses_, the difierent, named and defined,

--whether the names of, are approp., or whether they should be changed,

--whether all express time with equal precision,

--who reckon only _three_, and who _two_; who still differently and

variously name their tenses,

--_Tenses_, past and present, occurring together. See _Present Tense_,

_Imperf. Tense_, &c.

_Terminating_ a sentence with a prep. or other small particle

_Terminations_, of words, separated in syllabicat.

--of verbs, numb. of different, in each tense

--of the Eng. verb; DR. A. MURR. account of

--tendency of the lang. to lay aside the least agreeable

--usage of famil. discourse in respect to those of second pers. sing.

--verbal or particip., how are found written in old books

--the only reg. ones added to Eng. verbs; utterance of _ed_ and _edst_

--_ed_, participial, and _n_, verbal, WALK. on the contrac. of

--_Termination t_, for _ed_, forced and irreg.

_Terms_ of relation, see _Relation_. _Tetrameter_ line, _iambic_, examples

of

--a favorite with many Eng. writers; BUTL. Hudib., GAY'S Fab., and most

of SCOTT'S poems, writt. in couplets of this meas.

--admits the doub. rhyme adapted to familiar and burlesque style

--_trochaic_, examples of

--character of do.

--EVERETT'S fanciful notions about do.

--_anapestic_, examples of

--L. HUNT'S "Feast of the Poets," an extended examp. of do.

--_dactylic_, examples of

_Than, as_, with ellips. in latter term of comparison

--character and import of

--declinable words connected by, put in same case

--_Than_ WHOM, as Gr. genitive governed by comparat., MILT.

--what grammarians have _inferred_ from the phrase

--MURR. expedient to dispose of do.

--CHURCH. makes the rel. in do. "the obj. case absol.,"

--BROWN determines with respect to the construc.

--_Than_, as demanded after _else, other_, &c., and Eng. comparatives

--derivation of, from Goth. or Anglo-Sax.

_That_, its class determined

--its various uses

--as REL. PRONOUN, to what applied

--as used in anomalous construc.,

--its peculiarity of construc. as a relative

--its especial use as the restrictive relative

--the frequent employment of, by Addison, wrongly criticised by BLAIR

--as a relative, in what cases more appropriate than _who_ or _which_

--_That_, ellipt., repeating the import of the preceding words, ("_And_

THAT,"

--[Greek: kai tauta],)

--_That_, in the phrases _in that_, &c., how to be reckoned

--_That_, as introducing a dependent clause, how to be ranked

--as introducing a sent. made the subj. or obj. of a finite verb

--its power at the head of a sent. or clause

--its derivation

_The_, before the species, what may denote

--how commonly limits the sense

--applied to nouns of either numb.

--before what _adjectives_, required

--distinctive use of ("_The Psalmist_")

--as relating to comparatives and superlatives

--used for poss. pron.

--repetition of, how avoided

--derivation of, from Sax.

--pronunc. of _e_ in. See also _Definite Article_.

_Them_, in vulg. use as an adj., for _those_

_Thence_, &c., with _from_ prefixed, whether allowable

_There_, introductory and idiomatic, notions of grammarians concerning; its

posit. and use; is a regular _adv. of place_, and not "without

signification,"

--derivation of, from Anglo-Sax.

--poet. omission of

_They_, put indefinitely for _men_ or _people_

_This_ and _that_, as explained by CHURCH.

--placed before conjoint singulars, ("THIS POWER AND WILL _do_," &c.,)

--in contrasted terms

_Three stars_, or asterism, use of

_Time_, the order and fitness of, to be observed in constructions

expressing it

--nouns of, with adv. WHEN, as a special relative, following _Time,

measure_, or _weight_, part made possessive of the whole, ("_An_

HOUR'S _time_")

--noun of, not poss., immediately before an other, ("_A_ POUND

WEIGHT,") _Time, place_, &c., the obj. case in expressions of, taken

after the fashion of an adv. _Time, measure, distance_, or _value_,

nouns of, their peculiarity of construc.; the parsing of _Time_, obj.

noun of, qualifying a subsequent adj., ("A _child_ OF _ten years_

OLD,") _Four times, five times_, &c., how to be reckoned. TIMES,

before an other noun, _by way of_ MULTIPLICATION, the nature and

construc. of, discussed; decision. _Times_, in what construc. may be

called the objective of _repetition_, or of _time repeated_. _Time_

in pronunciation, or _quantity_

_Titles_, of books, are printed in capitals

--of office, &c., begin with do.

--merely mentioned as such, are without art.

--_Name and_ TITLE, (see _Proper Names_.) _Side-titles_, use of _dash_

in application to

_Tmesis_, explained

_To_, as governing infin. mood

--do., variously explained by grammarians

--is a sign of inf., but not a part of it

--what BROWN claims for his RULE respecting the _infin. as gov. by the

prep._ TO, &c.; he shows that the doctrine originated not with

himself

--TO _and the verb_, what FISHER (anno 1800) taught respecting; what,

LOWTH, and what, absurdly, MURR., his copyist

--_To_, as governing infin., traced from the Sax. to the Eng. of

WICKL.,

--_To_, before infin., evasive teachings of the later grammarians

concerning its class and construc.

--do., how considered by most Eng. grammarians

--do., how proved to be a prep.

--do., preceded by _for_, anc.

--after _what verbs_, omitted,

--whether to be _repeated_ before infinitives in the same construe.

--sometimes required, and sometimes excluded, after _than_ or _as_

--whether it may be _separated_ from its verb by an adv.; is placed

more elegantly AFTER _an adv._, ("PROPERLY TO _respect_,")

--in what cases has no prop, antec. term of relat.

--_To_ suppressed and _be_ inserted after MAKE, whether correctly

--_To_, prep, or adv., from Anglo-Sax.

--_To_, as prefix to noun, (_to-day, to-night, to-morrow_,).

_Tones_ of the voice, what; why deserving of j particular attention

--what denominated by SHERID.; what should be their character

--BLAIR'S remark on; HIL. do.

--_Tones_ of the passions, WALK, observation on.

_Topics_, different, to be treated in separate paragraphs, PREC. of

_Unity_.

_Transposition_, of the terms of relat., when a preposition begins or ends

a sentence or clause

--_rhetorical_, of words, or _hyperbaton_.

_Tribrach_, defined.

_Trimeter_ line, _iambic_, the measure seldom used alone; examples of,

--and do., with diversifications

--_trochaic_, examples of

--_anapestic_, examples of

--alternated with the tetram., examp., "The Rose," of COWP.; the same

scanned

--_dactylic_, examples of. _Triphthong_, defined

--_proper_, do., the only, in Eng.

--_improp._, do.; and the improp. _triphthongs_ named.

_Trochaic verse_, treated

--_Troch. verse_, the stress in

--nature of the single-rhymed; error of MURR. _et al_. concerning the

last syll. in

--how may be changed to coincide with other measures; how is affected

by retrenchment

--confounded with _iambic_ by several gramm. and prosodists

--Strictures on CHURCH., who doubts the existence of the _troch_. ord.

of verse

--_Troch. verse_ shown in its eight measures

--_Trochaics_, Eng., the TETRAMETER the most common meas. of

--DR. CAMPB. on

--"_Trochaic_ of One foot," account of.

_Trochee_, or _choree_, defined.

_Tropes_, what figures of rhetoric are so called; signif. of the term.

_Trow_, its signif., and where occurs; in what person and tenses read.

_Truisms_ and senseless remarks, how to be dealt with in gram.

_Tutoyant_, to what extent prevalent among the French. See _Youyouing_, &c.

_Type_ or character, two forms of the letters in every kind of.

U.

U, lett., which (as A, E, I, or O) names itself

--its plur. numb.

--sounds properly its own

--as self-naming, to what equivalent; requires art. _a_, and not _an_,

before it

--pronounced with borrowed sound

--long or diphthongal sound, as _yu_; sound of slender _o_ or _oo_,

after _r_ or _rh_.

_Unamendable_ imperfections sometimes found in ancient writings, remarks in

relation to.

_Unauthorized_ words, use of, as opposed to purity, PREC. concerning.

_Unbecoming_, adj., from participle compounded, error of using transitively

words of this form; such error how corrected.

_Uncertain_, the part of speech left, see _Equivocal_, &c.

_Unco-passive_ voice, or form, of the verb, ("_Is being built_,") the use

of. conflicts with the older and better usage of the lang.

--the subject of, discussed by BROWN

--the true principle with respect to, stated.

_Underlining_ words, in preparing manuscripts, to denote Italics &c.

_Understood_, words said, in technical phrase, to be, what such, (Lat.,

_subaudita_)

_Ungrammatical_ language by which grammar itself is professedly taught,

sample from MURR.; from PINNEO; _et al. e diversis_, Gram. of E. Gram.,

_passim_.

_Unity_, as a quality of style, in what consists

--required by every sentence

--Precepts aiming at offences against. _Unity_, THE IDEA OF, how

generally _determined_, in respect to a collect. noun, whether it

conveys such idea or not.

_Usage_, as a law of orthography for particular words

--_Usage_, as it has been, and as it is, the advantage of an exhibition

of, by the grammarian.

_Useless_ words, employment of, as opposed to precision.

UTTERANCE, treated

--_Utterance_, what, and what includes.

V.

V, name and plur. of:

--written for a number:

--sound of,

Value, &c., nouns of, see Time.

Verbal or participial noun, (see Participial, &c.)

--Verbal forms used substantively, by poet pecul.

VERBS, Etymol. of;

--Verb, defined:

--why so called:

--a perf. definition of, why difficult to form;

--CHIEF TERMS, or PRINCIP. PARTS, of an Eng. verb, named and defined.

--Verbs. Classes of, with respect to their FORM, named and defined:

--do., with respect to their signif., do.

--(See Active-Transitive Verb, &c.) _Verbs_, whole numb, of, in Eng.;

the regular, far the most numerous; account of the others

--how divided with respect to signif. in most grammars and

dictionaries; BROWN'S division

--divided by certain grammarians into act., pass., and neut.

--MURR, on the distribution of

--NIX. on do.

--_Verbs_, in Lat., grammarians of old differed respecting the

distribut. of

--different methods of distribut. of, by several other authors, noticed

--_Verbs_, most act., may be used either as trans. or as intrans.

--some may be used either in an act. or a neut. sense

--act. form of, used in a pass. sense; so also PART. in _ing_, ("_The

books continue_ SELLING")

--_Verbs_, Modifications of, named

--Moods of, named and defined; (see _Infinitive Mood, Indic. Mood_,

&c.)

--Tenses of, named and defined; (see _Present Tense, Imperf. Tense_,

&c.)

--Persons and numbers of, what

--Conjugations of

--how principally conjugated

--(See _Conjugation_)

--_Verbs_, Irreg., List of

--simp. irreg., numb. of; whence derived

--Redundant, List of

--Defective, do.

--_Verbs irreg_. and _redund._, of what character all former lists of,

have been

--_Verbs_, of asking and teaching, construc. of

--whether any, in Eng., can govern two cases

--suppressed in exclamat. &c.

--_Verbs_, Synt. of

--_Verbs_ requiring a regimen, should not be used without an object

--_Verb_, AGREEM. _of, with its subject_

--do., inferred

--do., by sylleps., in plur., title of a book

--do., in imperat. mood

--_Verb_ of the third pers. sing. with a plur. noun of the neut. gend.,

the use of, a strange custom of the Greeks; such use not existent in

Eng.

--_Verb_, AGREEM. of, with infin. phrase or sentence as subject

--do., with infin. subject limited, ("FOR MEN TO SEARCH _their own

glory_, IS," &c.)

--do., with a nom. in interrog. sentences

--do., with a rel., according to the true anteced. of the pron.;

(examp. of error from DR. BLAIR)

--do., with a nom. limited by adjuncts

--do., with composite or converted subjects

--do., with _each, every, one_, &c., as leading words

--do., by change of nominative

--_Verb_, the _form of_, to be adapted to the style

--when requires a separate nom. expressed

--_Verb_, AGREEM. of, with a nom. noun collective

--do., with joint nominatives

--do., with two connected nominatives in appos.

--do., with two conn. nominatives emphatically distinguished

--do., with two conn. nominatives preceded by _each, every_, or _no_

--do., with nearest of connected nominatives, and understood to the

rest; whether the usage is proper in Eng.

--do., with connected nominatives of different persons

--do., with connected subjects, one taken affirmat. and the other

negat.

--do., with two subjects connected by _as well as, but_, or _save_

--do., with connected subjects preceded by _each, every_, or _no_

--do., in ellipt. construc. of joint nominatives

--do., with distinct subject phrases connected by _and_

--do., with disjunct. nominatives

--do., with disagreeing nominatives connected disjunctively

--do., when connected nominatives require different forms of the verb

--do., with distinct phrases disjunct, connected

--_Verbs_, connected by _and, or_, or _nor_, how must agree

--discordant, how managed with respect to agreem.

--_Verb_, mixture of the diff. styles of, ineleg.

--diff. moods of, not to be used under the same circumstances

--when two connected terms require diff. forms of, what insertion is

necessary

--_Verbs_ of _commanding, desiring, expecting_, &c., to what actions or

events refer

--of _desisting, omitting_, &c., with a part. following, rather than an

infin.

--of _preventing_, what should be made to govern

--_Verb_, finite, punc. of

--ellips. of, shown

--derivation of, from nouns, adjectives, and verbs

--poet. peculiarities in the use of

_Verbosity_, as affecting strength

_Verse_, in oppos. to prose, what

--_Blank verse_, as distinguished from rhyme

--_Verse_, general sense of the term; its derivation and literal

signif.; the visible form of _verse_

--_Verse_, as defined by JOH., WALK., _et al_.; do. by WEBST.

--_Verse_, Eng., the difficulty of treating the subject of, and from

what this arises

--A _verse_, or line of poetry, of what consists

--_Verse_, or poetic measure, the kinds, or orders of, named; (see

_Iambic Verse, Trochaic Verse_, &c.)

--_Verse_, the proper reading of

VERSIFICATION, treated

--_Versification_, defined

--_Versification_, POE'S (E. A.) notions concerning; his censure of

BROWN'S former definition of; his rejection of the idea of versif.

from the principle of rhythm; his unfortunate derivat. of _rhythm_

from [Greek: hurithmos,] and vain attempts to explain the term: the

farrago summarily disposed of by BROWN

--EVERETT'S "System of Eng. Versification," account of, and strictures

on

_Vision_, or _imagery_, explained

_Vocative case_ of Lat. and Gr. gram., not known in Eng.

_Voice_, ACTIVE, and PASSIVE, whether necessary terms in Eng. gram.

_Vowel_, defined

--_Vowels_ named

--_W_ and _Y_, when vowels; comp.

--_Vowel sounds_, or vocal elements, the different, how produced

--what are those in Eng.

--how each may be variously expressed by letters; notation of

--_Vowels_, two coming together, where may be parted in syllabication.

W.

W, its name and plur. numb.

--simpler term than _Double-u_ perhaps desirable; DR. WEBST. on the

lett.

--W, when a vowel

--with vowel foll., sound of

--before _h_, how pronounced

--in Eng. never used alone as a vowel

--no diphthongs or triphth. in Eng., beginning with.

_Wages_, noun, plur. by formation; its construe, with a verb.

_Walker, J._, estimate of his Critical Pronouncing Dictionary

--in his lexicography how far followed DR. JOH.

_Was_, contrary to usage preferred by some to _were_, in the imperf. sing,

of the subj.

_We_, plur., as representing the speaker and others; how sometimes used in

stead of the sing.; sometimes preferred by monarchs to _I_.

_Webster, Dr. N._, describes language as comprehending the voice of brutes

--never named the Eng. letters rightly

--his orthography as a _standard_; do. compared with that of DR. JOH.

--the result to himself of his various attempts to reform our orthog.;

the value of his _definitions_.

_Weight, measure_, &c., see _Time_.