Guy, Earl of Warwick," as translated from the curious old French
black-letter volume in Warwick Castle, and of this a somewhat modernised
version may be submitted. "Fame made known in every corner of the land
that a dun cow of enormous size, 'at least four yards in height, and six
in length, and a head proportionable,' was making dreadful devastations,
and destroying man and beast. The king was at York when he heard of the
havoc and slaughter which this monstrous animal had made. He offered
knighthood to anyone who would destroy her, and many lamented the
absence in Normandy of Guy, who, hearing of the beast, went privately to
give it battle. With bow and sword and axe he came, and found every
village desolate, every cottage empty. His heart filled with compassion,
and he waited for the encounter. The furious beast glared at him with
her eyes of fire. His arrows flew from her sides as from adamant itself.
Like the wind from the mountain side the beast came on. Her horns
pierced his armour of proof, though his mighty battle-axe struck her in
the forehead. He wheeled his gallant steed about and struck her again.
He wounded her behind the ear. The monster roared and snorted as she
felt the anguish of the wound. At last she fell, and Guy, alighting,
hewed at her until she expired, deluged with her blood. He then rode to
the next town, and made known the monster's death, and then went to his
ship, hoping to sail before the king could know of the deed. Fame was
swifter than Guy. The king sent for him, gave him the honour of
knighthood, and caused one of the ribs of the cow to be hung up in
Warwick Castle, where it remains until this day." Old Dr. Caius, of
Cambridge, writes of having seen an enormous head at Warwick Castle in
1552, and also "a vertebra of the neck of the same animal, of such great
size that its circumference is not less than three Roman feet seven
inches and a half." He thinks also that "the blade-bone, which is to be
seen hung up by chains form the north gate of Coventry, belongs to the
same animal. The circumference of the whole bone is not less than eleven
feet four inches and a half." The same authority further states that "in
the chapel of the great Guy, Earl of Warwick, which is situated rather
more than a mile from the town of Warwick (Guy's Cliff), there is hung
up a rib of the same animal, as I suppose, the girth of which in the
smallest part is nine inches, the length six feet and a half," and he
inclines to a half-belief, at any rate, in the Dun-Cow story.
In connection with the legend it should be mentioned that in the
north-west of Shropshire is the Staple Hill, which has a ring of upright
stones, about ninety feet in diameter, of the rude pre-historic type.
"Here the voice of fiction declares there formerly dwelt a giant who
guarded his cow within this inclosure, like another Apis among the
ancient Egyptians, a cow who yielded her milk as miraculously as the
bear Oedumla, whom we read of in Icelandic mythology, filling every
vessel that could be brought to her, until at length an old crone
attempted to catch her milk in a sieve, when, furious at the insult, she
broke out of the magical inclosure and wandered into Warwickshire,
where her subsequent history and fate are well known under that of the
Dun Cow, whose death added another wreath of laurel to the immortal Guy,
Earl of Warwick." The presence of bones at Chesterfield and elsewhere
is, of course, accounted for by the fact (?) that they were distributed
over the country so that in various places Guy's marvellous feat might
be commemorated.
In Queen Elizabeth's "fairest and most famous parish church in England,"
St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, is preserved a bone said to have belonged to
a monster cow which once supplied the whole city with milk. Bristolians,
proud of their connection with the great discoverer, Cabot, assert that
it is a whalebone brought to the city by the illustrious voyager on his
return from Newfoundland. But here the story of Guy of Warwick and the
cow has also been introduced. The bone, which is now fixed not far from
the stair leading to the chamber containing the muniment chest where
Chatterton pretended to have found the Rowley poems, was formerly hung
within the church, while near to it was suspended a grimy old picture
now banished to a position on a staircase just where the room in which
the vestry meetings are held is entered. The picture, so far as it can
be made out, contains a big figure of a man on the right hand side,
while in the foreground lies a prostrate man, behind whom stands a cow.
To the left of the picture are certain human figures in attitudes
expressive of surprise. This ancient painting was said to refer to Guy's
exploit, and the rib was pointed out as a positive proof that the daring
deed was done.
It may be presumed that all, or nearly all, these bones preserved in
churches are those of whales, though in some instances they have been
supposed to be those of the wild BONASUS or URUS and most are associated
in some way or other with the legend of Guy and the Dun-Cow. Indeed, it
seems almost strange that the story has not been connected even with the
bone at Pennant Melangell, especially as on the mountain between
Llanwddyn and the parish is a circular inclosure surrounded by a wall
called Hen Eglwys, and supposed to be a Druidical relic, which would
have been just the spot to have lent itself to the statement that there
the animal was confined.
The late Frank Buckland, in his entertaining chapter on "A Hunt on the
Sea-Shore," in his second volume of "Curiosities of Natural History,"
says: "Whale-bones get to odd places," and writes of having seen them
used for a grotto in Abingdon, and a garden chair in Clapham. Not far
from Chesterfield there were, until recently, some whale-jaw gate posts
which formed an arch, and in North Lincolnshire such bones, tall and
curved, are still to be seen serving similar purposes. But the presence
of such bones, carefully preserved in churches, though it may occasion
considerable conjecture, cannot, it seems, be properly explained. As
yet, at any rate, the riddle remains unsolved.
Samuel Pepys at Church.
The Diary of Samuel Pepys, from 1659 to 1669, presents us with a picture
of London in the days of Charles II. that has perhaps not been equalled
in any other work dealing with the manners, customs, and the social life
of the period. We get a good idea from it how Sunday was spent in an age
largely given to pleasure. Samuel Pepys had strong leanings towards the
Presbyterians, but was a churchman, and seldom missed going to a place
of worship on Sunday, and did not neglect to have family prayers in his
own home. He generally attended his own church in the morning, and after
dinner in the afternoon would roam about the city, and visit more than
one place of worship. Take for an example an account of one Sunday.
After being present at his own church in the forenoon, and dining, he
says: "I went and ranged and ranged about to many churches, among the
rest to the Temple, where I heard Dr. Wilkins a _little_."
It is to be feared pretty faces and not powerful preachers often induced
him to go to the house of prayer. Writing on August 11th, 1661, he
says: "To our own church in the forenoon, and in the afternoon to
Clerkenwell Church, only to see the two fair Botelers." He managed to
obtain a seat where he could have a good view of them, but they did not
charm him, for he says: "I am now out of conceit with them." Another
Sunday he writes: "By coach to Greenwich Church, where a good sermon, a
fine church, and a good company of handsome women." At another church he
visited he says that his pretty black girl was present.
Pepys has much to say about the sermons he heard, and when they were
dull he went to sleep. Judging from his frequent records of slumbering
in church, prosy preachers were by no means rare in his day.
Writing on the 4th August, 1662, he gives us a glimpse of the manners of
a rustic church. His cousin Roger himself attended the service, and says
Pepys: "At our coming in, the country people all rose with so much
reverence; and when the parson begins, he begins, 'Right worshipful and
dearly beloved' to us."
Conversation appears to have been freely carried on in city churches.
"In my pew," says Pepys, "both Sir Williams and I had much talk about
the death of Sir Robert." Laughter was by no means unusual. "Before
sermon," writes Pepys, "I laughed at the reader, who, in his prayer,
desired God that he would imprint his Word on the thumbs of our right
hands and on the right toes of our right feet."
When Pepys remained at home on Sunday he frequently cast up his
accounts, and there are in his Diary several allusions to this subject.
[Illustration: THE END]
Index.
Abbot's Pew, Malmesbury Abbey, 155, 159
Addisham, Priest's door at, 185
Alkborough Maze, 193, 194
All Hallows, Barking, 81
Alms boxes, 180
Alnwick, chest at, 174
Announcing cows in a cornfield, 221
Antiquarian Problem: The Leper Window, 183-185
Artificial teeth missing, 229
Asenby, Maze at, 196
Ashbourne bells, 121
Ashton-under-Lyne, 113, 116-118
Bailey, J. E. The Five of Spades and the Church of
Ashton-under-Lyne, 113-118
Baptisms performed in porches, 24
Beadle's announcement, 224
Bede, Venerable, 81
Bell-ringing laws, 125
Bell-robbers, 141
Bells and their Messages, 119-132
Belvoir, 80
Beware of thieves, 221
Big Bones Preserved in Churches, 230-243
Blacksmith, mediaeval, 19
Blood, foundation laid in, 30, 43
Bocastle, 137
Bottreaux, 137
Bradbury, Edward. Bells and their Messages, 119-132
Bradford-on-Avon Church, 7
Brancepeth, chest at, 178
Briefs, 49
Brigstock bells, 139
Briscoe, J. P. Stories about Bells, 133-144
Bristol, 62, 75, 79
Bronze-doors, 21
Brundall, 147
Building of the English Cathedrals, 46-75
Burial customs, 26
Burial at north side of church, 209-215
Buried alive, 40
Burials in Lady Chapels, 82-83
Bury St. Edmunds, 80
Candle in a coffin, 42
Canterbury, 51, 53, 72, 79
Carlisle, 62, 70, 72
Carthage, Council of, 4
Cauld Lad of Hilton, 32
Chantries, 72
Chappell of Oure Ladye, 76-100
Charm of country bells, 131
Chartres, Maze at, 191
Cheltenham, All Saints' Church, 14
Chester, 62, 79
Chesterfield, bones at, 234; spire, 110
Chichester, 49, 50, 62, 65, 75, 79
Chimes, 130
Christening ships, 35
Christmas games, 115
Christ Church, Hants., 79; Christ Church, Oxford, 157
Church Chests, 161-182
Church Door, 1-29
Churchwardens' accounts, 126-127
Churchyard Superstitions, 206-215
Cocks, live, built into walls, 44
Coins, burial of, 35
Colchester, Trinity Church Door, 5, 7
Cologne Cathedral, 42
Combs, chest at, 181
Compton Martin, 80
Concerning Font-Lore, 145-152
Conversation in church, 245
Cope chests, 180
Cornish bell-lore, 137
Coventry, chest at, 171, 173; spires, 102, 104
Courts in the porch, 27
Cromwell's soldiers, 84
Crowle Church, 1, 8, 10
Crowland Abbey, 48
Curfew bell, 125, 129
Curious Announcements in Church, 216-229
Danes, incursions of, 53-55
Darenth, 80
Darrington church, 38
Dartmouth Church, 19, 21
Decorated Style, 68
Dedicating chapels, 81
Devil, sold to the, 42
Dickens, Charles, on Bells, 120
Dissolution of monasteries, 84
Dogs haunting churches and castles, 31
Doom, 15
Door-keepers, 4
Dun Cow, 234, 238
Durham, 9, 58, 67, 80, 81, 133, 234
Early Cathedrals, 52
Early English chests, 164
Earthquake, 65
Eggs in foundations, 43
Elgin, 80
Elkstone Church, 16
Elston Church, 16, 17
Exeter, 79
Ely, 54, 72, 80, 84
Fair Rosamond, 186
Finedon, 109
Fire, 65, 67, 70
First burial in a churchyard, 39
First Prayer Book of Edward VI., 25, 26
Fives of Spades and the Church of Ashton-under-Lyne, 113-118
Florence, doors at, 22
Flowers in churchyards, 207
Fordham, 80
Forrabury, 137
Founhope Church, 16
Foxton, 185
France, card playing in, 113
Galilee Chapel, Durham, 67
Gambling, sermon against, 113
German bell-lore, 121; mythology, 36
Gild of Cloth Merchants, 22
Glastonbury, 79, 175
Gloucester, 13, 56, 61, 79
Grantham, 107
Guy, Earl of Warwick, 238
Haddenham, 81
Haltham Church, 16
Hampton Court, maze at, 186
Harold's tomb, 96
Harty Chapel, chest at, 177
Hearthstones, bones under, 40
Hel-horse, 43
Henry the Seventh's Chapel, 82, 85
Henry VII. a card player, 115
Hereford, 61, 72, 74, 79
Heysham, 10
Higham Ferrers, 13, 14, 18, 109
Hill, Rev. P. Oakley. Concerning Font-Lore, 145-152
Hillbury maze, 200
Hilton maze, 194
Holland, 41
Holsworthy Church, 36
Holy Land, leprosy brought from, 184
Horses interred alive, 43
Howlett, E. Sacrificial Foundations, 30-45
Hulme, 80
Importation of cards prohibited, 114
Indulgences, 49
Inscriptions on bells, 128-129
Iona, 39
Ironwork, 19-20
Islington, 111
Jarrow-on-Tyne, 81
Johnson, Rev. T. Churchyard Superstitions, 206-215
Kilkenny, 80
Knockers, 23
Laughter in church, 246
Lambeth Palace, 179
Leper-Window, 183-185
Lichfield, 62, 68, 104, 107, 158
Lights in Lady Chapels, 95
Limerick bells, 134
Lincoln Cathedral, 15, 65, 70, 71, 154
Lion Fonts, 147
Liverpool, 74
Llanaber, chest at, 180
Llandaff, 9, 62, 135
Llanthony, 80
Lost goods cried in church, 215
Louth, 105, 108
Low-side windows, 183
Lucca Cathedral, maze at, 187, 188
Lych window, 185
Lynn, Thoresby door, 18, 19
Malmesbury Abbey, 155, 159
Mallwyd, bones at, 233
Manchester, 69, 79
Mariolatry, 77
Marriage customs, 25
Massacre of Thomas a Becket, 90
Massingham bells, 139
Maundy Thursday, 15
Mazes, 186-205
Modern mazes, 203-205
Mortar, blood in, 37
Mortlake, chest at, 177
New Walsingham, 146
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 70
Newington chest lost, 182
Norman architecture, 8, 57-68
Norman Conquest, 57
Northamptonshire spires, 102
North side of church, burial at, 209-215
Northorpe, 31
Norwich, 28, 61, 84, 103, 104, 145
Old Saint Paul's, 103
Olney, 109
Oundle, 108
Over, chest at, 167, 178
Oxford, 62, 66, 79, 82, 108
Page, Jno. T. Some Famous Spires, 101-112
Paris, 11
"Paston Letters," 114
Penance, 49
Pennant Melangell, legend of, 230
People and Steeple Rhymes, 111
Pepys, Samuel, at Church, 244-246
Peterborough, 12, 47, 62, 65, 72, 75, 79, 84
Pimpern maze, 200
Poetry on bells, 122-125
Porches, 24
Preferment fee, 50
Rees, Rev. R. Wilkins. Curious Announcements in Church, 216-229;
Big Bones Preserved in Churches, 230-243
Relics of a Saint, 81
Ripon, 59, 62, 72, 73, 80, 200
Rochester, 51, 62, 65, 80
Rome, founding of, 34
Rooms over porches, 158
Rougham Church, 16
Roumania, 40
Rushden, 109
Sacrificial Foundations, 30-45
Saffron Waldon, maze at, 196
Salisbury, 47, 68, 79, 103
Samuel Pepys at Church, 244-246
Saxon architecture, 8
Scutari, 41
Sempringham Abbey, 18, 20
Sermon lost, 222
Seven Sacrament Fonts, 146
Seville Cathedral, 11
Shakespeare, 28, 31, 193
Shandon, bells of, 123
Shrewsbury, 107
Shrine of St. Frideswide, 82
Shrines, 51, 82
Skipton, 223
Sleeping in church, 245
Sneinton, maze at, 196-199
Spires, 101-112
Some Famous Spires, 101-112
Southwell, 62, 63, 66
Southwold chest, 165
Sowerford-Keynes, 8
Stamp, Rev. J. H. Ye Chappell of Oure Ladye, 76-100
Stonham Aspel, 170
Stories about Bells, 133-144
Strasburg Cathedral, 11
St. Albans, 52, 62, 72, 75, 79, 85, 87, 154, 158
St. Anne's Well and Maze, 196, 197, 199
St. Asaph, 69
St. Cuthbert, tomb of, 82
St. David's, 62, 154
St. Fillan's bell, 144
St. Frideswide's shrine, 157
St. Giles's Cathedral, 14
St. Hugh, 66, 71
St. Lawrence's, Isle of Thanet, 169
St. Mary's Redcliff, 79, 85, 107, 241
St. Monacella's lambs, 231
St. Mura, bell of, 136
St. Odhran, 39
St. Paul's, 73
St. Peter Mancroft, Norwich, 145
St. Quentin, maze at, 192
Suicides, Burial of, 211
Swedish folk-tales, 32
Thetford, 80
Thorns, barring a door with, 29
Tintagel, 137
Torch, symbol of, 42
Town bells, 131
Truro, 75
Tunstall, legend of, 141
Tyack, Rev. G. S. The Church Door, 1-29; The Building of the
English Cathedrals, 46-75; Watching-Chambers, 153-160;
Church Chests, 161-182; Mazes, 186-205
Tympanum, 5, 12, 14, 16
Tyre, church at, 2
Unclerically dressed, 49
Upton chest, 166, 167
Upton font, 148
Vestments 153
Voluntary labour, 52
Wakefield, 74
Walsingham, 80
Waltham Abbey, 80, 88
Warwick, 82
Watching-Chambers in Churches, 153-160
Weathercock rhyme, 109
Wells, 69, 72, 79
Welsh border, 55
West doors, 13, 14
Westminster, 79-81, 82, 179
White, William. An Antiquarian Problem: The Leper Window, 183-185
Wimborne, 80
Winchester, 61, 67, 79, 177, 195, 196
Witham-on-the-Hill bells, 140
Worcester, 56, 61, 68, 70
Wymondham, 80
York, 71, 72
"Mr. Andrews' books are always interesting."--_Church Bells._
"No student of Mr. Andrews' books can be a dull after-dinner speaker,
for his writings are full of curious out-of-the-way information and good
stories."--_Birmingham Daily Gazette._
* * * * *
England in the Days of Old
By WILLIAM ANDREWS, F.H.R.S.
_Demy 8vo., 7s. 6d. Numerous Illustrations_
This volume is one of unusual interest and value to the lover of olden
days and ways, and can hardly fail to interest and instruct the reader.
It recalls many forgotten episodes, scenes, characters, manners,
customs, etc., in the social and domestic life of England.
CONTENTS:--When Wigs were Worn -- Powdering the Hair -- Men Wearing
Muffs -- Concerning Corporation Customs -- Bribes for the Palate --
Rebel Heads on City Gates -- Burial at Cross Roads -- Detaining the Dead
for Debt -- A Nobleman's Household in Tudor Times -- Bread and Baking in
Bygone Days -- Arise, Mistress, Arise! -- The Turnspit -- A Gossip about
the Goose -- Bells as Time-Tellers -- The Age of Snuffing -- State
Lotteries -- Bear-Baiting -- Morris Dancers -- The Folk-Lore of
Midsummer Eve -- Harvest Home -- Curious Charities -- An Old-Time
Chronicler.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS:--The House of Commons in the time of Sir Robert
Walpole -- Egyptian Wig -- The Earl of Albemarle -- Campaign Wig --
Periwig with Tail -- Ramillie-Wig -- Pig-tail Wig -- Bag-Wig --
Archbishop Tilotson -- Heart-Breakers -- A Barber's Shop in the time of
Queen Elizabeth -- With and Without a Wig -- Stealing a Wig -- Man with
Muff, 1693 -- Burying the Mace at Nottingham -- The Lord Mayor of York
escorting Princess Margaret -- The Mayor of Wycombe going to the
Guildhall -- Woman wearing a Scold's Bridle -- The Brank -- Andrew
Marvell -- Old London Bridge, shewing heads of rebels on the gate --
Axe, Block, and Executioner's Mask -- Margaret Roper taking leave of her
father, Sir Thomas More -- Rebel Heads, from a print published in 1746
-- Temple Bar in Dr. Johnson's time -- Micklegate Bar, York -- Clock,
Hampton Court Palace -- Drawing a Lottery in the Guildhall, 1751 --
Advertising the Last State Lottery -- Partaking of the Pungent Pinch --
Morris Dance, from a painted window at Betley -- Morris Dance, temp.
James I. -- A Whitsun Morris Dance -- Bear Garden, or Hope Theatre, 1647
-- The Globe Theatre, temp. Elizabeth -- Plan of Bankside early in the
Seventeenth Century -- John Stow's Monument.
A carefully prepared Index enables the reader to refer to the varied and
interesting contents of the book.
"A very attractive and informing book."--_Birmingham Daily Gazette._
"Mr Andrews has the true art of narration, and contrives to give us the
results of his learning with considerable freshness of style, whilst his
subjects are always interesting and picturesque."--_Manchester Courier._
"The book is of unusual interest."--_Eastern Morning News._
"Of the many clever books which Mr. Andrews has written none does him
greater credit than "England in the Days of Old," and none will be read
with greater profit."--_Northern Gazette._
"Valuable and interesting."--_The Times._
"Readable as well as instructive."--_The Globe._
"A valuable addition to any library."--_Derbyshire Times._
* * * * *
The Bygone Series.
In this series the following volumes ate included, and issued at 7s. 6d.
each. Demy 8vo, cloth gilt.
These books have been favourably reviewed in the leading critical
journals of England and America.
Carefully written articles by recognised authorities are included on
history, castles, abbeys, biography, romantic episodes, legendary lore,
traditional stories, curious customs, folk-lore, etc., etc.
The works are illustrated by eminent artists, and by the reproduction of
quaint pictures of the olden time.
* * * * *
BYGONE BERKSHIRE, edited by Rev. P. H. Ditchfield, M.A., F.S.A.
BYGONE CHESHIRE, edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE DEVONSHIRE, by the Rev. Hilderic Friend.
BYGONE DURHAM, edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE GLOUCESTERSHIRE, edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE HERTFORDSHIRE, edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE LEICESTERSHIRE, edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE LINCOLNSHIRE (2 vols), edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE MIDDLESEX, edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE NORFOLK, edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE NORTHUMBERLAND, edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE NOTTINGHAMSHIRE, by William Stevenson.
BYGONE SCOTLAND, by David Maxwell, C.E.
BYGONE SOMERSETSHIRE, edited by Cuming Walters.
BYGONE SOUTHWARK, by Mrs. E. Boger.
BYGONE SUFFOLK, edited by Cuming Walters.
BYGONE SURREY, edited by George Clinch and S. W. Kershaw, F.S.A.
BYGONE SUSSEX, by W. E. A. Axon.
BYGONE WARWICKSHIRE, edited by William Andrews.
BYGONE YORKSHIRE, edited by William Andrews.
Bygone Punishments.
By William Andrews.
_Demy 8vo, cloth gilt, 7s. 6d. Numerous Illustrations._
CONTENTS:--Hanging -- Hanging in Chains -- Hanging, Drawing, and
Quartering -- Pressing to Death -- Drowning -- Burning to Death --
Boiling to Death -- Beheading -- The Halifax Gibbet -- The Scottish
Maiden -- Mutilation -- Branding -- The Pillory -- Punishing Authors and
Burning Books -- Finger Pillory -- The Jougs -- The Stocks -- The
Drunkard's Cloak -- Whipping and Whipping-Posts -- Public Penance -- The
Repentance Stool -- The Ducking Stool -- The Brank, or Scold's Bridle --
Riding the Stang -- Index.
"A book of great interest."--_Manchester Courier._
"Crowded with extraordinary facts."--_Birmingham Daily Gazette._
"Contains much that is curious and interesting both to the student of
history and social reformer."--_Lancashire Daily Express._
"Full of curious lore, sought out and arranged with much
industry."--_The Scotsman._
"Mr. Andrews' volume is admirably produced, and contains a collection of
curious illustrations, representative of many of the punishments he
describes, which contribute towards making it one of the most curious
and entertaining books that we have perused for a long time."--_Norfolk
Chronicle._
"Those who wish to obtain a good general idea on the subject of criminal
punishment in days long past, will obtain it in this well-printed and
stoutly-bound volume."--_Daily Mail._
"Mr. William Andrews, of Hull, is an indefatigable searcher amongst the
byways of ancient English history, and it would be difficult to name an
antiquary who, along his chosen lines, has made so thoroughly
interesting and instructive the mass of facts a painstaking industry has
brought to light. For twenty-five years he has been delving into the
subject of Bygone Punishments, and is now one of the best authorities
upon obsolete systems of jurisdiction and torture, for torture was, in
various forms, the main characteristic of punishment in the good old
times. The reformation of the person punished was a far more remote
object of retribution than it is with us, and even with us reform is
very much a matter of sentiment. Punishment was intended to be
punishment to the individual in the first place, and in the second a
warning to the rest. It is a gruesome study, but Mr Andrews nowhere
writes for mere effect. As an antiquary ought to do, he has made the
collection of facts and their preservation for modern students of
history in a clear, straightforward narrative his main object, and in
this volume he keeps to it consistently. Every page is therefore full of
curious, out-of-the-way facts, with authorities and references amply
quoted."--_Yorkshire Post._
The Church Treasury of History, Custom, Folk-Lore, etc.
Edited by WILLIAM ANDREWS.
_Demy 8vo., 7s. 6d. Numerous Illustrations._
CONTENTS:--Stave-Kirks -- Curious Churches of Cornwall -- Holy Wells --
Hermits and Hermit Cells -- Church Wakes -- Fortified Church Towers --
The Knight Templars: their Churches and their Privileges -- English
Medieval Pilgrimages -- Pilgrims' Signs -- Human Skin on Church Doors --
Animals of the Church in Wood, Stone, and Bronze -- Queries in Stones --
Pictures in Churches -- Flowers and the Rites of the Church -- Ghost
Layers and Ghost Laying -- Church Walks -- Westminster Waxworks --
Index. Numerous Illustrations.