From eggs of var. _Telamonides_ laid on the last of May larvæ were
obtained, which gave on June 22nd-26th, 122 pupæ. These, as fast as
formed, were placed on ice in the refrigerator in small tin boxes, and
when all the larvæ had become transformed the pupæ were transferred
to a cylindrical tin box (4 in. diam. and 6 in. high), and packed in
layers between fine shavings. The tin box was set in a small wooden
one, which was put directly on the ice and kept there till July 20th.
From that date, by an unfortunate accident, the box, instead of being
kept on the surface of the ice in an ice-house, as was intended, was
placed on straw near the ice, so that the action of the cold was
modified, the outside pupæ certainly experiencing its full effects,
but the inside ones were probably at a somewhat higher temperature.
The ice failed on August 20th, so that the pupæ had been subjected
to an equable low temperature in the refrigerator for three to four
weeks, and to a lesser degree of cold in the ice-house for five weeks,
the temperature of the last place rising daily, as the ice had all
thawed by August 20th. On opening the box it was found (probably owing
to the cold not having been sufficiently severe) that the butterflies
had commenced to emerge. Twenty-seven dead and crippled specimens were
removed, together with several dead pupæ. One butterfly that had just
emerged was taken out and placed in a box, and when its wings had fully
expanded it was found to be a “_Telamonides_ of the most pronounced
type.” The experimenter then states:--“Early in the morning I made
search for the dead and rejected butterflies, and recovered a few. It
was not possible to examine them very closely from the wet and decayed
condition they were in, but I was able to discover the broad crimson
band which lies above the inner angle of the hind wings, and which is
usually lined on its anterior side with white, and is characteristic of
either _Walshii_ or _Telamonides_, but is not found in _Marcellus_. And
the tip only of the tail being white in _Walshii_, while both tip and
sides are white in _Telamonides_, enabled me to identify the form as
between these two. There certainly were no _Walshii_, but there seemed
to be a single _Marcellus_, and excepting that all were _Telamonides_.”
The remaining pupæ were kept in a light room where 3 _Telamonides_
emerged the following day, and by September 4th 14 specimens of the
same variety had emerged, but no _Marcellus_ or intermediate forms.
From the 4th to the 20th of September a few more _Telamonides_
appeared, but between the 4th and 15th of the month 12 out of 26
butterflies that had emerged were intermediate between _Telamonides_
and _Marcellus_, some approximating to one form and some to the other
form. The first pure _Marcellus_ appeared on September 4th, and was
followed by one specimen on the 6th, 8th, 13th and 15th respectively.
From this last date to October 3rd, 6 out of 10 were _Marcellus_ and
3 intermediate. On September 3rd, a specimen intermediate between
_Telamonides_ and _Walshii_ emerged, “in which the tails were white
tipped as in _Walshii_, but in size and other characters it was
_Telamonides_, though the crimson band might have belonged to either
form.” Butterflies continued to emerge daily up to September 20th,
after which date single specimens appeared at intervals of from four
to six days, the last emergence being on October 16th. Thus, from
the time the box was removed from the ice-house, the total period of
emerging was fifty-seven days, some specimens having emerged before the
removal of the box. With specimens of _P. Ajax_ which appear on the
wing the first season the natural pupal period is about fourteen days,
individuals rarely emerging after a period of four to six weeks.
Between August 20th and October 16th, the 50 following butterflies
emerged:--
On the 20th of August, 1 male _Telamonides_.
” 21st ” 1 male and 2 female _Telamonides_.
” 22nd ” 1 female _Telamonides_.
” 24th ” 1 female _Telamonides_.
” 29th ” 1 male _Telamonides_.
” 31st ” 1 female _Telamonides_.
” 1st of September, 1 female _Telamonides_.
” 2nd ” 1 female _Telamonides_.
” 3rd ” 1 female intermediate between
_Telamonides_ and _Walshii_.
” ” ” 1 male _Telamonides_.
” 4th ” 4 males and 1 female _Telamonides_.
” ” ” 2 males, medium, nearest _Telamonides_.
” ” ” 2 males, medium, nearest _Marcellus_.
” ” ” 2 males, _Marcellus_.
” 5th ” 1 male and 1 female _Telamonides_.
” ” ” 1 male medium, nearest _Telamonides_.
” 6th ” 1 male _Marcellus_.
” 7th ” 1 male _Telamonides_.
” 8th ” 1 male _Marcellus_ and 1 female
_Telamonides_.
” 9th ” 1 male _Marcellus_ and 1 female medium,
nearest _Marcellus_.
” 13th ” 1 male medium, nearest _Marcellus_.
” ” ” 1 male medium, nearest _Telamonides_.
” ” ” 1 male _Marcellus_.
” 14th ” 1 male _Marcellus_ and 1 female medium,
nearest _Marcellus_.
” ” ” 1 male medium, nearest _Telamonides_.
” 15th ” 1 male _Marcellus_.
” 16th ” 1 female _Marcellus_ and 1 male
_Telamonides_.
” 18th ” 1 male medium, nearest _Marcellus_.
” 19th ” 1 female _Marcellus_.
” 20th ” 1 male _Telamonides_.
” 24th ” 1 male _Marcellus_.
” 30th ” 1 female _Marcellus_.
” 2nd of October, 1 female _Marcellus_.
” 3rd ” 1 female medium, nearest _Telamonides_.
” 8th ” 1 female medium, nearest _Telamonides_.
” 16th ” 1 female medium, nearest _Telamonides_.
Total.
_Telamonides_ 22 12 males, 10 females.
_Telamonides_ partly _Walshii_ 1 1 female.
Medium, nearest _Telamonides_ 8 5 males, 3 females.
Medium, nearest _Marcellus_ 6 4 males, 2 females.
_Marcellus_ 13 9 males, 4 females.