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ROWLANDSON THE CARICATURIST
_SECOND VOLUME_
LONDON: PRINTED BY
SPOTTISWOODE AND CO, NEW-STREET SQUARE
AND PARLIAMENT STREET
ROWLANDSON THE CARICATURIST
_A SELECTION FROM HIS WORKS_
WITH ANECDOTAL DESCRIPTIONS OF HIS
FAMOUS CARICATURES
AND
A Sketch of his Life, Times, and Contemporaries
BY
JOSEPH GREGO
AUTHOR OF 'JAMES GILLRAY, THE CARICATURIST; HIS LIFE, WORKS, AND TIMES'
[Illustration]
_WITH ABOUT FOUR HUNDRED ILLUSTRATIONS_
IN TWO VOLUMES--VOL. II.
London
CHATTO AND WINDUS, PICCADILLY
1880
[_The right of translation is reserved_]
CONTENTS
OF
THE SECOND VOLUME.
(1800-1825.)
1800.
PAGE
'Le Brun Travestied, or Caricatures of the Passions'--Dr.
Botherum the Mountebank--Humbugging--Hocus-pocus, or Searching
for the Philosopher's Stone--Hogarthian Novelist--Britannia's
Protection, or Loyalty Triumphant--A Silly--A Sulky--Beef à la
Mode--Collar'd Pork--The Pleasures of Margate--Summer Amusements,
or a Game at Bowls--Cockney Outings--Beauties of Sterne:
'The Sentimental Journey'--Series of 'Attributes'--'Country
Characters'--'Matrimonial Comforts'--Preparations for the
Academy; Old Nollekens and his Venus--'Remarks on a Tour to North
and South Wales in the year 1797' 1
1801.
A Money Scrivener--A Counsellor--The Union--A Jew Broker--The
Brilliants--Undertakers Regaling--Symptoms of Sanctity--Single
Combat in Moorfields, or Magnanimous Paul O! Challenging All
O!--The Emperor Paul of Russia, a Mad Autocrat--Series of
'Prayers' and 'Journals'--The Union Head-dress--An Old Member on
his Way to the House of Commons--Minor works--Subjects after the
designs of G. M. Woodward 22
1802.
Series of 'Journals'--Special Pleaders--La Fille mal
Gardé, or Jack in the Box--A Lady in Limbo, or Jew Bail
Rejected--Slyboots--A Snip in a Rage--The Corporal in Good
Quarters--Sorrow's Dry, or a Cure for the Heart-ache--Hunt
the Slipper; Picnic Revels--Who's Mistress Now?--'Compendious
Treatise on Modern Education'--'Bardic Museum' 35
1803.
A Catamaran--Billiards--A Diver--John Bull Listening to the
Quarrels of State Affairs--Flags of Truth and Lies--Minor
subjects 42
1804.
A French Ordinary--Volunteering--The Imperial
Coronation--Theatrical Leapfrog--Melpomene in the Dumps--Death of
Madame République--A New French Phantasmagoria--The Eight Stages
of Man's Schooling--Letter from the Caricaturist to Heath, the
engraver 44
1805.
Quarterly Duns, or Clamorous Tax-gatherers--The famous
Coalheaver, Black Charley--The Modern Hercules Cleansing the
Augean Stable--A Scotch Sarcophagus--John Bull's Turnpike
Gate--The Scotch Ostrich Seeking Cover--Recovery of a Dormant
Title--Antiquarians à la Grecque--John Bull at the Italian
Opera--Napoleon Buonaparte in a Fever on Receiving the
Extraordinary Gazette of Nelson's Victory over the Combined
Fleets--A Boarding School--Illustrations to Fielding's 'Tom
Jones'--Illustrations to Smollett's 'Peregrine Pickle'--Views in
Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, &c. 49
1806.
'The Sorrows of Werter'--A Cake in Danger--Falstaff and his
Followers Vindicating the Property Tax--A Maiden Aunt Smelling
Fire--Recruiting on a Broad-Bottom'd Principle--Daniel Lambert,
the Wonderful Great Pumpkin of Little Britain--A Diving Machine
on a New Construction--The Acquittal--Experiments at Dover, or
Master Charley's Magic Lantern--Butterfly-Hunting--Anything will
do for an Officer--Interior of St. Brewer's Church--A Prize Fight 57
1807.
Miseries of London: A Street Blockade--The Captain's
Account-current of Charge and Discharge--At Home and
Abroad--Abroad and at Home--Mrs. Showell and Gen. Guise's
Collection of Pictures at Oxford--The Enraged Vicar--All the
Talents--A Henpeck'd Husband--John Rosedale, Mariner, Exhibitor
at the Hall of Greenwich Hospital--The Pilgrims and the
Peas--Song Headings--Monastic Fare--The Holy Friar--'I Smell a
Rat,' or a Rogue in Grain--The Old Man of the Sea and Sindbad the
Sailor--A White Sergeant giving the Word of Command--Miseries
Personal--More Scotchmen, or Johnny Maccree Opening his New
Budget--A View on the Banks of the Thames--The Double Disaster,
or the New Cure for Love--Miseries of the Country--A Mistake at
Newmarket, or Sport and Piety--Englishman at Paris--Symptoms
of Restiveness--A Calf's Pluck--Rusty Bacon--A Tour to the
Lakes--Thomas Simmons, the Murderer--Directions to Footmen--John
Bull Making Observations on the Coast--The Dog and the
Devil--More Miseries--Illustrations to 'The Pleasures of Human
Life' 64
1808.
Scenes at Brighton--Miseries of High Life--The Green
Dragon--Soldiers on a March--The Consultation, or Last
Hope--Volunteer Wit--The Anatomy of Melancholy--The Mother's
Hope--The Sweet Little Girl that I Love--Odd Fellows from
Downing Street Complaining to John Bull--A Snug Cabin, or Port
Admiral--Accommodation--The Welsh Sailor's Mistake--Wonderfully
Mended--Breaking Cover--Get Money--Doctor Gallipot Placing
his Fortune at the Feet of his Mistress--Rum Characters in a
Shrubbery--ROWLANDSON'S CARICATURES AGAINST BUONAPARTE: The
Corsican Tiger; Billingsgate at Bayonne; The Corsican Spider
in his Web; The Corsican Nurse Soothing the Infants of Spain;
The Beast as Described in Revelations; From the Desk to the
Throne; King Joe's Retreat from Madrid; King Joe on his Spanish
Donkey; A Spanish Passport to France; The Political Butcher;
The Fox and the Grapes; Prophecy Explained; Napoleon the Little
in a Rage with his Great French Eagle; A Hard Passage, or
Boney Playing Base on the Continent; King Joe and Co. making
the most of their time previous to quitting Madrid; Nap and
his Partner Joe; Nap and his Friends in their Glory; John Bull
arming the Spaniards; Junot disgorging his Booty; The Progress
of the Emperor Napoleon--Illustrations to 'An Academy for
Grown Horsemen' and 'Annals of Horsemanship,' communicated by
Geoffrey Gambado, Esq.--'The Caricature Magazine, or Hudibrastic
Mirror'--'Chesterfield Travestie, or School for Modern
Manners'--Behaviour at Table--'A Lecture on Heads,' by G. A.
Stevens--Plates to 'The Miseries of Human Life'--'The Microcosm
of London, or London in Miniature'--'An Essay on the Art of
Ingeniously Tormenting' 84
1809.
The Head of the Family in Good Humour--The Old Woman's Complaint,
or the Greek Alphabet--Launching a Frigate--A Mad Dog in a Coffee
House--Disappointed Epicures--A Mad Dog in a Dining Room--The
Comforts of Matrimony--The Miseries of Wedlock--'Oh! you're
a Devil. Get along, do!' ROWLANDSON'S CARICATURES UPON THE
DELICATE INVESTIGATION, OR THE CLARKE SCANDAL: Particulars of the
Case; The Parliamentary Examination; The Principal Personages
Concerned; Mrs. Clarke's _Memoirs_; 'The Rival Princes'; 'Tegg's
Complete Collection of Caricatures relative to Mrs. Clarke, and
the Circumstances arising from the Investigation of the Conduct
of His Royal Highness the Duke of York before the House of
Commons, 1809'; Dissolution of Parliament, or the Industrious
Mrs. Clarke Winding up her Accounts; Mrs. Clarke's Levee; Days
of Prosperity in Gloucester Place; All for Love: a Scene at
Weymouth; An Unexpected Meeting; The Bishop and his Clarke; A
Pilgrimage from Surrey to Gloucester Place; The York Magician; A
Parliamentary Toast; Chelsea Parade; The Road to Preferment; The
York March; The Triumvirate of Gloucester Place; A Scene from the
Tragedy of 'Cato'; Yorkshire Hieroglyphics, pl. 182; The Burning
Shame; The Statue to be Disposed of; A General Discharge; The
Champion of Oakhampton; The Parson and the Clarke; Samson Asleep
on the Lap of Delilah; The Resignation; The Prodigal Son; Mrs.
Clarke's Last Effort; The York Dilly; Doctor O'Meara's Return to
his Family; Mrs. Clarke's Farewell to her Audience; Original Plan
for a Popular Monument to be Erected in Gloucester Place; A York
Address to the Whale; The Flower of the City; The Modern Babel;
The Sick Lion and the Asses; Burning the Books; A Piece-Offering;
The Quaker and the Clarke; John Bull and the Genius of
Corruption--Boney's Broken Bridge--Hell Broke Loose--The Tables
are Turned--More of the Clarke--The Plot Thickens--Amusement
for the Recess--The Bill of Wright's--Wonders, Wonders,
Wonders!--The Rising Sun, or a View of the Continent--The Pope's
Excommunication of Buonaparte--The Walcheren Expedition--Song
by Commodore Curtis--A Design for a Monument to be Erected
in Commemoration of the Glorious and Never-to-be-forgotten
Grand Expedition, so ably planned and executed in the year
1809--General Cheathem's Marvellous Return from his Exhibition of
Fireworks--Plan for a General Reform--This is the House that Jack
Built--A Lump of Impertinence--A Lump of Innocence--Preparations
for the Jubilee, or Theatricals Extraordinary--A Bill of Fare
for Bond Street Epicures--The Boxes--A Peep at the Gas Lights
in Pall Mall--Joint Stock Street--The 'Bull and Mouth'--A
Glee--Rowlandson's 'Sketches from Nature'--Sterne's 'Sentimental
Journey'--Butler's 'Hudibras'--'Surprising Adventures of the
Renowned Baron Munchausen'--'The Beauties of Sterne'--'Poetical
Magazine'--'The Schoolmaster's Tour' (Dr. Syntax)--The Mansion
House Monitor--'Annals of Sporting,' by Calib Quizzem--'Trial
of the Duke of York'--'Advice to Sportsmen' from the notes of
Marmaduke Markwell--'The Pleasures of Human Life,' by Hilari
Benevolus & Co.--Illustrations to Smollett's Miscellaneous
Works--'Beauties of Tom Brown'--Views in Cornwall, &c.--'Scandal;
Investigation of the Charges brought against H.R.H. the Duke of
York, by G. L. Wardle, Esq., M.P. for Devon, with the evidence
and remarks of the Members' 130
1810.
Winding up the Medical Report of the Walcheren
Expedition--Libel-Hunters on the Look-out, or Daily Examiners of
the Liberty of the Press--A New Tap Wanted--The Boroughmongers
Strangled in the Tower--Views of the Colleges of Oxford and
Cambridge--A Bait for Kiddies on the North Road--Kissing for
Love--Easterly Winds--Three Weeks after Marriage, or the Great
Little Emperor Playing at Bo-peep--A Bonnet Shop--Peter Plumb's
Diary--A Table d'Hôte, or French Ordinary in Paris--Paris
Diligence--Boxing Match between Dutch Sam and Medley--Smuggling
Out, or Starting for Gretna Green--Smuggling In, or a College
Trick--Procession of the Cod Company from St. Giles's to
Billingsgate--Rigging out a Smuggler--Dramatic Demireps at their
Morning Rehearsal--Sports of a Country Fair--Spitfires--An Old
Ewe Dressed Lamb Fashion--Dropsy Courting Consumption--Kitchen
Stuff--A Hit at Backgammon--Medical Despatch--Bath Races--Doctor
Drainbarrel--After Sweet Meat comes Sour Sauce--The Harmonic
Society--Sign of the Four Alls--Signs--The Rabbit Merchant--A
Sale of English Beauties in the East Indies--A Parody on
Milton--Cries of London 182
1811.
College Pranks--A Sleepy Congregation--The Gig
Shop--Pigeon-Hole--A French Dentist--Bacon-faced Fellows
of Brazenose Broke Loose--She Stoops to Conquer--The
Anatomist--Sailors on Horseback--Pastime in Portugal--The Last
Drop--Boney the Second, or the Little Baboon Created to Devour
French Monkeys--A Picture of Misery--Puss in Boots, or General
Junot taken by Surprise--Nursing the Spawn of a Tyrant--The
Enraged Son of Mars and the Timid Tonsor--Rural Sports: A Cat
in a Bowl--A Dog Fight--Touch for Touch--The Bassoon, with a
French Horn Accompaniment--Easter Monday--Rural Sports--The
Huntsman Rising--The Gamester Going to Bed--Love Laughs at
Locksmiths--Masquerading--Accommodation Ladder--Looking at the
Comet--Life and Death of the Racehorse--A Milling Match between
Cribb and Molineaux--Smock-Racing--A Game at Quoits--How to
Show off a well-shaped Leg--Twelfth Night Characters--Cricket
Match Extraordinary--Minor Subjects--Six Classes of the
Horse--Distillers--Dinners Dressed in the Neatest Manner--A
Trip to Gretna Green--Balloon-Hunting--A Belvoir Leap--A Man of
Feeling--Bel and the Dragon--A Milk-sop--Royal Academy, Somerset
House--Travelling in France--Exhibition Starecase, Somerset
House--The Manager's Last Kick--Preparing to Start--Awkward
Squads Studying the Graces--Hiring a Servant--Anglers of
1811--Preparing for the Race--Patience in a Punt--A Templar at
His Studies--A Barber's Shop--Modern Antiques--'Munchausen at
Walcheren'--'Chesterfield Burlesqued' 199
1812.
Duke of Cumberland--Lord Petersham--Lord Pomfret--Wet under
Foot--Plucking a Spooney--Catching an Elephant--Description of
a Boxing Match between Ward and Quirk--A Spanish Cloak--Fast
Day--Sea Stores--Land Stores--The Chamber of Genius--Italian
Picture-Dealers Humbugging my Lord Anglaise--The Dog Days--A
Brace of Blackguards--Racing--Broad Grins--Watermen--A Seaman's
Wife's Reckoning--Setting out for Margate--Refinement of
Language--Bitter Fare--Raising the Wind--Christmas Gambols--The
Successful Fortune-Hunter--Hackney Assembly--The Learned
Scotchman--Preaching to some Purpose--A Visit to the Doctor--Puff
Paste--Mock Turtle--Off She Goes--A Cat in Pattens--'Petticoat
Loose; a Fragmentary Tale of the Castle'--Series of 'Views
in Cornwall'--'Tour of Doctor Syntax, in Search of the
Picturesque'--'Second Tour of Doctor Syntax, in Search of
Consolation'--'Third Tour of Doctor Syntax, in Search of a Wife' 225
1813.
Bachelor's Fare, or Bread and Cheese and Kisses--The Last Gasp,
or Toadstools Mistaken for Mushrooms--Summer Amusements at
Margate--Humours of Houndsditch--Unloading a Waggon--None but
the Brave Deserve the Fair--A Doleful Disaster, or Miss Tubby
Tatarmin's Wig Caught Fire--The Norwich Bull Feast--A Long
Pull, a Strong Pull, and a Pull all together--The Corsican Toad
under a Harrow--The Execution of two celebrated Enemies of Old
England, and their Dying Speeches, November 5, 1813--A Dutch
Nightmare--Plump to the Devil we boldly Kicked both Nap and his
Partner Joe--The Corsican Munchausen--Funking the Corsican--The
Mock Phoenix--Friends and Foes, up he Goes!--Political Chemists
and German Retorts--Napoléon le Grand--Mock Auction, or Boney
Selling Stolen Goods--How to Vault into the Saddle--Witches in
a Hayloft--The Quakers and the Commissioners of Excise--Doctor
Syntax in the Middle of a Political Squabble--A-going!
A-going!--Giving up the Ghost--Ghost of my Departed
Husband--'Letters from Italy,' by Lewis Engelbach--'Poetical
Sketches of Scarborough,' illustrated by Rowlandson from designs
by J. Green--'Dr. Syntax's Tour,' republished 253
1814.
The Double Humbug--Death and Buonaparte--Transparency
exhibited at Ackermann's on the victory of Leipzig--Madame
Véry, Restaurateur, Palais Royal, Paris--La Belle Limonadière
au Café des Milles Colonnes--Quarter Day, or Clearing the
Premises--Kicking up a Breeze, or Barrow-women Basting a
Beadle--The Progress of Gallantry--A Tailor's Wedding--Head
Runner of Runaways from Leipzig Fair--Crimping a Quaker--The
Devil's Darling--Blucher the Brave Extorting the Groan of
Abdication from the Corsican Bloodhound--Coming in at the Death
of the Corsican Fox--Bloody Boney, the Carcase Butcher, left off
Trade and Retiring to Scarecrow Island--The Rogue's March--The
Affectionate Farewell, or Kick for Kick--A Delicate Finish to a
French Usurper--Nap Dreading his Doleful Doom, or his Grand Entry
into the Isle of Elba--The Tyrant of the Continent is Fallen;
Europe is Free; England Rejoices--Boney Turned Moralist--What I
was! what I am! what I ought to be!--Peace and Plenty--Macassar
Oil--A Pleasant Way of Making Hay--Portsmouth Point--The Four
Seasons of Love--Joanna Southcott, the Prophetess--Buck-Hunting 271
1815.
Female Politicians--Breaking up the Blue Stocking
Club--Defrauding the Customs--Hodge's Explanation of a Hundred
Magistrates--Tailors Drinking the Tunbridge Waters--Flight
of Buonaparte from Hell Bay--Hell Hounds Rallying round
the Idol of France--Vive le Roi! Vive l'Empereur! Vive le
Diable!--Scene in a New Pantomime to be Performed at the
Theatre Royal, Paris--The Corsican and his Blood Hounds at
the Window of the Tuileries--Ackermann's Transparency on the
Victory of Waterloo--Boney's Trial, Sentence, and Dying Speech,
or Europe's Injuries Avenged--Ackermann's Transparency on the
General Peace, Nov. 27, 1815--The Cockney Hunt--Measuring
Substitutes for the Army of Reserve--A Journeyman Tailor--An
Eating House--Neighbours--Banditti--Virtue in Danger--Slap
Bang Shop--Accidents will Happen--Sympathy--Despatch, or
Jack Preparing for Sea--Deadly-Lively--Illustrations to 'The
Military Adventures of Johnny Newcome'--Illustrations to 'The
Grand Master, or Adventures of Qui Hi in Hindostan'--Hindoo
Incantations--Illustrations to 'Naples and the Campagna Felice,'
in a series of letters by Lewis Engelbach--The Letter-Writer--Don
Lugi's Ball 289
1816.
Exhibition at Bullock's Museum of Buonaparte's Carriage
taken at Waterloo--The Attempt to Wash the Blackamoor
White--Lady Hamilton--'Relics of a Saint,' by Ferdinand
Farquhar--Rowlandson's 'World in Miniature'--Illustrations to
'The English Dance of Death' 309
1817.
Illustrations to Goldsmith's 'Vicar of Wakefield'--Illustrations
to 'The Dance of Life'--'Grotesque Drawing Book,' &c. 356
1818.
Wild Irish, or Paddy from Cork, with his Coat Buttoned
Behind--Doncaster Fair, or the Industrious Yorkshire
Bites--Illustrations to 'The Adventures of Johnny Newcome in the
Navy' 363
1819.
A Rough Sketch of the Times, as delineated by Sir Francis
Burdett--'Who Killed Cock Robin?' (chap-book on the Manchester
Massacre)--Female Intrepidity (chap-book) 365
1820.
Chemical Lectures (Sir Humphrey Davy)--Rowlandson's
'Characteristic Sketches of the Lower Classes'--'The Second Tour
of Doctor Syntax' 366
1821.
A Smoky House and a Scolding Wife--Tricks of the Turf, or
Settling how to Lose a Race--Illustrations to 'Journal of
Sentimental Travels in the Southern Provinces of France'--'Le Don
Quichotte Romantique, ou voyage du Docteur Syntaxe' 368
1822.
Illustrations to 'The History of Johnny Quæ Genus'--Rowlandson's
'Sketches from Nature'--'Third Tour of Doctor Syntax, in Search
of a Wife'--'Die Reise des Doktor Syntax'--Crimes of the Clergy 371
1823.
Not at Home, or the Disappointed Dinner-hunter--An Old Poacher
Caught in a Snare--The Chance-seller of the Exchequer putting an
Extinguisher on Lotteries--Westmacott's 'Spirit of the Public
Journals for 1823'--The Toothache, or Torment and Torture 374
1825.
'Bernard Blackmantle' (C. M. Westmacott), 'Spirit of the Public
Journals for the year 1824'--'The English Spy,' by Bernard
Blackmantle 377
1831.
Posthumous Publication--'The Humourist, a Companion for the
Christmas Fireside,' by W. H. Harrison, 'with fifty engravings
and numerous vignettes from designs by the late Thomas
Rowlandson' 380
_SUMMARIES._
Chronological summary of subjects, social and political,
published caricatures, plates, and book illustrations, engraved
by or after Thomas Rowlandson, 1774 to 1831 387
Addendum to the chronological summary of Rowlandson's published
caricatures 406
_APPENDIX._
ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF REFERENCE UPON ROWLANDSON'S CARICATURES:
Catalogue of pictorial satires in the Print Department of the
British Museum, from the notes of Edward Hawkins, prepared by
Frederic George Stephens 411
'Centuria Librorum Absconditorum (Pisanus Fraxi)' 412
Original drawings by Thomas Rowlandson in the Department of
Prints and Drawings, British Museum 412
In the Royal Collection, Windsor Castle 413
In the collection of water-colour drawings of the English school,
Science and Art Department, South Kensington Museum 413
Dyce collection of water-colour drawings of the English school,
Science and Art Department, South Kensington Museum 413
Private collections of original drawings by Thomas Rowlandson 415
_INDICES._
Index of names, persons, &c. 435
Index of titles, subjects, published caricatures, illustrations,
&c. 440
_ROWLANDSON THE CARICATURIST._
1800.
_January 1, 1800._ _A French Ordinary._ Published by S. W. Fores. (See
January 2, 1804.)
_January 20-3, 1800._ _Washing Trotters._ Published by Hixon, 355
Exeter Change, Strand.--As the title indicates, an etching of a curious
couple engaged in the domestic operation of tubbing.
_January 20, 1800._ _Desire_, No. 1. Woodward del., Rowlandson sculp.
Published by R. Ackermann.--'Various are the ways this passion might be
depicted: in this delineation the subjects chosen are simple--a hungry
boy and a plum-pudding.'
_January 20, 1800._ _Attention_, No. 2. Woodward del., Rowlandson
sculp. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 20, 1800._ _Hatred or Jealousy_, No. 3. Woodward del.,
Rowlandson sculp. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 20, 1800._ _Admiration with Astonishment_, No. 4. Woodward
del., Rowlandson sculp. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 20, 1800._ _Veneration_, No. 5. Woodward del., Rowlandson
sculp. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Rapture_, No. 6. Woodward del. Etched by
Rowlandson.--'What's life without passion, sweet passion of love?'
'Melody produces rapture, as exemplified in the Jew clothesman's
rapturous attention to the vocal strains of the ballad-singer and her
family.' A street ballad-singer, with a basket of ballads in slips, and
surrounded by her family of children, has thrown a wandering Hebrew
into a fit of pious ecstasy by the strains of her squalling voice,
helped out by the shrill accompaniments supplied by those of her
children.
_1800._ _Desire_, No. 7. Woodward del. Etched by Rowlandson.--'Female
attraction is frequently the cause of this passion, as represented
in the delineation of the Old Beau and the Sleeping Lady.' A fair
young female, fashionably attired, has dropped asleep in an inviting
attitude, leaning on a cushion, an old buck, spyglass in hand, is
ogling the unconscious beauty.
_January 21, 1800._ _Joy with Tranquillity_, No. 8. G. M. Woodward
del., Rowlandson fec. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Laughter_, No. 9. G. M. Woodward del., Rowlandson
fec. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Acute Pain_, No. 10. Woodward del., Rowlandson
sculp.--'The curious observer of the passions has only to get a
careless servant to pour some hot water on his foot, in a case of the
gout, and he will soon know the nature of Acute Pain.'
_January 21, 1800._ _Acute Pain_ (2nd plate), No. 19. G. M. Woodward
del., Rowlandson fec. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Simple Bodily Pain_, No. 11. G. M. Woodward del.,
Rowlandson fec. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Sadness_, No. 12. G. M. Woodward del., Rowlandson
fec. Published by R. Ackermann.--'This passion is represented by an
old maid, who is rendered completely miserable by the death of her
favourite lapdog.' A 'serious footman' is gravely contemplating the
body of a deceased puppy, extended on a velvet cushion, while an
antiquated spinster, his mistress, who is smartened up with bows and
ribbons, is in the depths of despair.
_January 21, 1800._ _Weeping_, No. 13. G. M. Woodward del., Rowlandson
fec. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Compassion_, No. 14. G. M. Woodward del.,
Rowlandson fec. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Scorn_, No. 15. G. M. Woodward del., Rowlandson
fec. Published by R. Ackermann.--'This passion is frequently brought
forward when a rich old dowager meets a poor relation.' A stout
citizeness is pouting her nether lip, and closing her eyes to the
pathetic appeals of a miserable-looking female, whose poverty and
leanness offer a striking contrast to the portly city dame, with
comfortable muff, resplendent in jewellery and brave apparel.
_January 21, 1800._ _Horror_, No. 16. G. M. Woodward del., Rowlandson
fec. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Terror_, No. 17. G. M. Woodward del., Rowlandson
fec. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Anger_, No. 18. G. M. Woodward del., Rowlandson
fec. Published by R. Ackermann.
_January 21, 1800._ _Despair_, No. 20. G. M. Woodward del., Rowlandson
fec. Published by R. Ackermann--'A disappointed old maid and a bachelor
are selected as proper subjects to represent the passion of despair.'
The old maid, who is far from an attractive example of her tribe, is
looking venom and acerbity personified. The old bachelor is also of a
flinty aspect, his hands are clasped, thumbs pressed together, and head
and eyes uplifted in pious abstraction and contemplation.
_February 14, 1800._ _Beef à la Mode._ Published by R. Ackermann,
101 Strand. Etched by Rowlandson (companion to _Collar'd Pork_).--A
veritable bovine specimen, a fine Alderney, dressed out in the reigning
mode. The fore part in female guise, on the head a gigantic hat of
the cart-wheel order, straw trimmed and garnished, huge ear-rings,
the extensive muslin 'choker,' a miniature of a bull round the cow's
neck, ladies' buckled shoes, and ribboned sandles on the fore legs,
and maccaroni's hessians and tassels on the hind ones; a lady's shawl
thrown over the shoulders, according to the fashionable costume worn at
the end of the eighteenth century.
_March 6, 1800._ _Dr. Botherum, the Mountebank._--From the bustle and
life visible on all sides it would seem that the period is fair-time,
when the rustics and agricultural population of the vicinity in
general flock into the town, holiday-making. A travelling mountebank
has established his theatre in the market place; the person of the
ingenious charlatan is decked out in a fine court dress, with bag
wig, powder, sword, and laced hat complete, the better to excite
the respect of his audience; he is holding forth on the marvellous
properties ascribed to the nostrums which he is seeking to palm off on
the simple villagers as wonder-working elixirs; while his attendants,
Merry Andrew and Jack Pudding, are going through their share of the
performance. One branch of the mountebank physician's profession was
the drawing of teeth; an unfortunate sufferer is submitting himself to
the hands of the empiric's assistant. The rural audience is stolidly
contemplating the antics of the party, without being particularly
moved by Dr. Botherum's imposing eloquence, these vagabond scamps
being frequently clever rogues, blessed with an inexhaustible fund
of bewildering oratory, and witty repartee at glib command. Leaving
the quack, we find plentiful and suggestive materials to employ the
humourist's skilful graver scattered around. In the centre, a scene
of jealousy is displayed; the beguilements of a portly butcher are
prevailing against the assumed privileges of a slip-shod tailor, who is
seemingly tempted to have recourse to his sheers, to cut the amorous
entanglement summarily asunder. On the left, the promiscuous and greedy
feeding associated with 'fairings,' is going busily forward, and on the
opposite side are exhibited all the drolleries which can be got out
of a Jew pedlar, his pack, the diversified actions of customers he is
trying to tempt with his wares, and the bargains for finery into which
the fair and softer sex are vainly trying to beguile the cunning Hebrew
on their own accounts.
[Illustration: DR. BOTHERUM, THE MOUNTEBANK.]
It seems probable that Rowlandson in his print of _Doctor Botherum_
may have had a certain Doctor Bossy in his eye, a German practitioner
of considerable skill, who enjoyed a comfortable private practice,
said to have been the last of the respectable charlatans who exhibited
in the British metropolis. This benevolent empiric, as Angelo informs
us, dispensed medicines and practised the healing art, publicly and
gratuitously on a stage, his booth being erected weekly in the midst
of Covent-Garden Market, where the mountebank, handsomely dressed and
wearing a gold-laced cocked hat, arrived in his chariot with a liveried
servant behind.
According to the old custom, the itinerant quack doctor, with his
attendant gang, was as constant a visitor at every market-place as the
pedlar with his pack.
_March 12, 1800._ _Humbugging, or Raising the Devil._ Published by
R. Ackermann, 101 Strand.--A credulous personage, who, judging from
his costume, is in a fair position in life, has called to consult a
necromancer. The enchanter has a venerable beard, and a divining rod;
according to usage, he has made a circle of skulls, toads, and other
inviting objects, in the centre of which, through a stage trap, he
is raising the 'very deil,' and has conjured up a pantomimic demon,
horned, winged, and grotesquely arranged, holding in one hand a
gore-stained dagger, and a goblet of suppositious blood in the other.
The knees of the befooled spectator are trembling beneath him; his
back is turned to a curtain which conceals a fair enchantress, who is
assisting the invocation, and giving a practical turn to the delusion
by removing a well-filled pocket-book from the coat-tail of the simple
victim. In the background is the traditional whiskered cat, and the
folio of cabalistic signs; a stuffed crocodile is suspended from the
roof.
_March 12, 1800._ _Hocus Pocus, or Searching for the Philosopher's
Stone._ Rowlandson del. and sculp. Published by R. Ackermann, 101
Strand.--Companion plate to 'Humbugging, or raising the Devil.' The
artist introduces us to the laboratory of a so-called alchemist. A
roguish Jew and his familiar are busily engaged in the transmutation of
metals; the servant, with a pair of long-nozzled bellows, is engaged
in kindling the furnace, in which is a crucible; various retorts,
alembics, and other paraphernalia of the 'black arts,' are scattered
about, as well as a formula for 'changing lead into gold;' although
the alchemists at best could only contrive to accomplish the reverse
transmutation. Suggestive prints are hung on the walls of this chamber
of mystery, such as the portrait of the notorious 'Count Cagliostro,
discoverer of the Philosopher's Stone,' and the figure of the spurious
'Bottle Conjurer.'
A military officer, in the next apartment, is turning his opportunities
to more practical advantage by embracing, with a certain display of
ardour, a pretty maiden--who is nothing loth,--the daughter, it
appears, of the philosophically minded investigator.
_April 1, 1800._ _A Ghost in the Wine Cellar._ Published by T.
Rowlandson, 1 James's Street, Adelphi.
_April, 1800._ _Caricature Medallions for Screens._ Published by R.
Ackermann, Strand.
_April 20, 1800._ _Hearts for the year 1800._ Woodward inv., Rowlandson
sculp. Published by R. Ackermann, Strand.
_May 1, 1800._ _Cash_. Published by R. Ackermann.
_May 1, 1800._ _Bills of Exchange._ Published by R. Ackermann.
_May 12, 1800._ _Melopoyn haranguing the prisoners in the Fleet.
Hogarthian Novelist._ Plate 5.
_May 12, 1800._ _Captain Bowling introduced to Narcissa. Hogarthian
Novelist._ Plate 6.
_May 20, 1800._ _A Skipping Academy._ G. M. Woodward inv., Rowlandson
sculp. Published by R. Ackermann, Strand.
_June, 1800._ _Sketches at the Oratorio._ G. M. Woodward inv.,
Rowlandson sculp.
_June 4, 1800._ _Pictures of Prejudice._ Designed by Woodward. Etched
by Rowlandson. Published by R. Ackermann.
_June 4, 1800._ _Britannia's Protection, or Loyalty
Triumphant._--George the Third, his face shown in profile, is standing
upright and firm; his left arm is resting on the pillar of Fortitude,
Britannia's shield is outstretched for his protection, and her spear is
striking at the would-be assassin Hadfield, who, wearing a repellant
expression, is slinking down before her: his pistol has fallen from his
hand; round his neck is a halter, with the end of which a miniature
edition of the Evil One is flying off, crying: 'Hadfield, for thy
diabolical attempt thou shalt meet with thy reward!'
_June 26, 1800._ _A Silly._ Published by R. Ackermann, 101 Strand.--An
ill-favoured old maid, who is evidently a person of fortune, is
seated on her sofa between two admirers, a clergyman and a military
officer, who are respectively ambitious of the honour of her hand. Her
old-maidish tastes are indicated by the nature of her pets; a monkey,
seated in the embrasure of the window, is scratching his ear; he is
supported on the opposite side by a parrot, which is screaming with the
full force of its lungs.
_June 26, 1800._ _A Sulky._ Companion Print to _A Silly_. Published by
R. Ackermann, 101 Strand.--A fat old curmudgeon, a very porpoise in
face, expression, and figure, is tippling and dozing in a semi-maudlin
state, in front of the fire-place. His fair companion, an elegant
young damsel, is dressed in readiness to make her escape into more
agreeable society; she is fuming with impatience, but dares not
venture to move for fear of arousing the attention of her besotted
jailer. Her situation is more tantalising from the circumstance that
the maid-servant has brought in a billet-doux from a handsome youth,
her admirer, who, all impatience, is looking over the shoulders of his
messenger.
_July 25, 1800._ _Collar'd Pork._ Companion to _Beef à la Mode_ (see
p. 3). Published by Ackermann.--A long-snouted black pig is decked
out in the height of fashion, with ample neck-cloth, frill, wig,
eye-glass, white ducks, blue coat with roll collar, brass buttons, his
tail twisted up with bows, &c., _à la queue_. He wears Hessian boots,
tassels, and spurs on his front legs; pumps with bows, and black silk
stockings on his hind legs.
_July 25, 1800._ _The Pleasures of Margate_, in four compartments.
Published by R. Ackermann.
_Morning._--Breakfasting at _Michiner's Grand Hotel_.
_Noon._--Dining at _Michiner's Grand Hotel_.
_Evening._--A drive on the sands.
_Night._--At the bazaars. Raffling for prizes, flirtation, &c.
_August 20, 1800._ _Sailors Regaling._ Published by T. Rowlandson, 1
James's Street, Adelphi.
1800. _The Tuileries in Paris._--_Original Drawing._
[Illustration: SUMMER AMUSEMENT, OR A GAME AT BOWLS.]
_August 20, 1800._ _Summer Amusement; or, a Game at Bowls._ Published
by T. Rowlandson, 1 James's Street, Adelphi.--It has been a custom
immemorial to laugh at the exertions which were made by our ancestors
to obtain rational open-air recreation. The fashionable part of society
have, for once, found congenial allies in the wits. The papers which
doubtless obtained the most popular reception in their day, since
they laughed at the simple citizens 'on pleasure bent,' and held up
their relaxations to a ridicule which was often neither subtle nor
polished, were the essays in the _Spectator_, _Tatler_, _Guardian_,
_Humourist_, _&c._, which made fun of the countrified loungings of
the Londoners. The squibs, in the shape of poetical broadsheets
and songs of the Stuart era, against sylvan aspirations, were but
re-echoed by the bright and cultivated humourists who flourished when
'Anna ruled the realm.' Sturdy Hogarth, with his pictures, brought
the commonplace pleasures--although he was addicted to them with no
half-spirit himself--of his neighbours into ludicrous prominence. The
_Connoisseur_, _World_, _Mirror_, _Adventurer_, _Observer_, _Lounger_,
_Looker-on_, and even Johnson's _Rambler_, are particularly caustic on
the comic side of humanity, as seen in their out-of-door pastimes. As
to the days of transition, when the early Georgian generation was being
rapidly submerged and effaced by the tide of progression, both writers
and caricaturists combined to satirise cockney jauntings unmercifully.
Gillray, Rowlandson, Collings, Boyle, Bunbury, Deighton, Woodward,
Nixon, Newton, and a swarm of amateur followers, were always ready
to make fun of suburban excursions; such productions were certain to
obtain fame for the designers, and a ready patronage at the hands of a
public which encouraged similar everyday irony.
It seems, however, now the suburbs have disappeared, where tea-gardens
were once abundant--to which, armed with lanterns and in groups, for
better security against the knights of the road, footpads, and similar
dangers which were then rife, our forefathers repaired with light
hearts, released from the culture of Mammon and money-grubbing--that
we have lost a great deal which modern improvements are powerless to
restore.
A little generation back there were still relics of past pleasure
haunts, a Sluice House, a Hornsey Wood House, and numberless similar
resorts for the dwellers in Babylon, who sighed to turn, for a brief
afternoon of diversion, their respectable backs on groves of brick,
and to regale their pastoral-longing eyes with a semblance of the
country. Now the monster metropolis, with unsparing strides, has
finally absorbed such patches of verdure, as made homely retreats on
red-letter holidays; and life is considerably restricted, as regards
the variety which an hour's jaunt could introduce into the prosaic
current of yearly existence, as far as the boundaries of the giant city
are concerned.
A great deal could be written on the defunct pleasure-gardens which
once enlivened the outskirts; but their glories are departed, or
at best preserved in the satires, literary and artistic, which
contemporary humourists levelled at the Georgic-loving citizens who
frequented them. Such a suburban retreat, with the motley crowds
who disported themselves thereat, is graphically reproduced in
Rowlandson's plate of _Summer Amusement_. Much of the delight was
prosaic and toilsome; but, seemingly, good fun was to be had, and
people could lay aside their conventional rigidity for once and
awhile, when fine weather and the pleasant season tempted them to
stray, and leave the everlasting counting-house at home, for a game
at bowls and a little wholesome relaxation. The various groups found
in the picture are well conceived. Two games are proceeding, into
which cits, of various degrees, are throwing their entire energies.
The whimsical accompaniments connected with 'taking tea in the arbour'
are faithfully seized. The soberer elders are crowding the hospitable
'house of call.' Round the foremost table is gathered a convivial
party; the worthy souls are draining a parting bowl, before commencing
their return journey, for which the lantern is set on the ground in
prudent preparation. A little toasting is going on at the next table,
and beyond that an arcadian flirtation is in progress, with various
incidents transpiring around, such as the observant philosopher might
have noted in 1800, without travelling very far out of his way.
_August 30, 1800._ _Gratification of the Senses à la mode
Française._--(Seeing, Tasting, Hearing, Smelling, Feeling.)
_October 1._ _The Newspaper._ G. M. Woodward invt., Rowlandson sculp.
Published by R. Ackermann.
_October 29, 1800._ _Grotesque borders for Rooms and Halls._--Published
October 25 and 29, 1800, by R. Ackermann, 101 Strand. Woodward del.,
Rowlandson sculp.
1800 (?). _Sterne, L. The Beauties of Sterne._ With one plate by T.
Rowlandson. 12mo.
1800. _Sterne, L. The Sentimental Journey._ With plates by Thomas
Rowlandson. 12mo.
1800. _Yorick feeling the Grisette's Pulse._ 8vo.--The interior of
the Grisette's _Magasin des Modes_. The plate is delicately etched.
Yorick is seated beside the pretty milliner; the complaisant husband
is bowing, grimacing, and attitudinising. A poodle is on a settee. Two
blocks, hat and cap moulds, are, with bandboxes, robes, &c., scattered
around. Outside is seen a glimpse of the quaint antiquated French
street life, such as might be encountered by the sentimental traveller
before the Revolution:--priests, monks, portresses, &c., with images of
saints at the street corners.
On August 15, 1800, Mr. Ackermann issued at his Repository of
Arts, 101 Strand, a series of six plates designed and etched in
Rowlandson's boldest and most spirited style; and finished and
coloured in almost exact imitation of the original drawings. Each
plate contains three large distinct heads, festooned with attributes
peculiar to the respective designs. It is not very clear whether
these symbolical groupings, which are superior in execution to the
average of Rowlandson's published works, were devised to be cut up
for scrap-books, screens, or wall borderings; but they have become
remarkably scarce since the date of publication, and sets of these
typical heads (eighteen in all) are rarely met with at the present date.
_Philosophorum._--The head of the philosopher closely resembles the
conventional portrait accorded to Father Time, horn spectacles,
forelock, grey beard and all. The globe, a sextant, mariner's compass,
chart, telescope, dividers, bells, squares, thermometers, &c., make up
the symbolical garland which depends from the ears of this emblem of
knowledge.
_Fancynina._--This figure is borne out by one of the artist's
favourite types of female beauty, a well-featured, handsomely made and
languishing-looking young lady, wearing a modish hat, all feathered,
beaded, and flowered. The portrait of _Fancynina_ is festooned
with such emblems of feminine frivolity as French rouge, Court
sticking-plaister (for patches), ottar of roses, watches and trinkets,
miniatures of admirers, an opera glass, a black domino or half-mask, a
huge muff, parasol, fan, &c.
_Epicurum._--An old gourmand in a red nightcap, whose flushed and
blossoming countenance appears through a goodly string of sausages;
a gridiron, a basting ladle, a cucumber, and other indications of
creature comforts complete the emblems of this figure.
_Penserosa._--The head of a tragic performer, modelled on that of
one of the Gorgones is used to illustrate this figure. The Medusa
head is entwined with serpents, and wreathed below with a festoon of
bays, beneath which hang the dagger and bowl, and the manuscript of
_Penserosa's_ tragic part.
_Tally ho! rum!_--The head of a Nimrod, backed with a huntsman's cap,
is the sign-piece of this figure; a _corne de chasse_ is hung round
the sportsman's neck, and on it are spurs, horseshoes, whips, a gun,
powder-flask, and game bag; a fox's head completes the group of emblems
distinctive of _Tally ho! rum!_
_Allegoria._--The head of a rubicund, but young and well-featured,
Bacchus does duty for _Allegoria_; heavy clusters of vine-leaves, and
bunches of purple grapes and tendrils crown and surround the bucolic
divinity; below is a Silenus mask; bacchanalian flutes, and pipes of
Pan, complete the insignia.
_Physicorum._--The face of a lean, high-dried, and sharp-featured
doctor, with a high, white wig, and a profusion of horsehair curls,
figures forth _Physicorum_ with proper character; festoons of bottles
of medicine, soporific, strengthening, emollient, purging and
sleeping draughts in all varieties, boxes of pills, ointments, drops,
prescriptive puffs, quackeries, and the inevitable syringe and clyster
pipe, make up the attributes of the physician.
_Nunina._--The head of a rosy-cheeked and buxom Nun, her eyes devoutly
raised to realms above. Beneath the portrait the crowned and ghastly
skull of King Death, a book of devotions, a _flagellum_ for discipline,
a crucifix, hour-glass and rosary, and other pious symbols are
displayed.
_Publicorum._--The face of a fat and rubicund-visaged landlord does
duty as the emblem of _Publicorum_; as may be supposed, the symbols of
this personage consist mainly of convivial attributes--tobacco-boxes,
pipes, bottles of rum, brandy, and rack; a tankard, limes, lemons, a
punchbowl, ladle, &c.
_Funeralorum._--The head of a professional mourner, with long
crape streamers round his hat, and a mourning cloak. _Funeralorum_
is surrounded by such cheerful attributes as funeral sermons,
advertisements of interments, and invitations to the same, burial fees,
titles, last wills and testaments, hatchments, Yorick's skull, an
hour-glass, and a sexton's pick and spade.
_Virginia._--The head of a soured and malignant-looking old maid,
whose favourite parrot is screaming in her ear. The vixenish face is
festooned with suppositious attributes of old spinsterhood--a group
of boxes of snuff, corn-plaisters, padlocks, pincushions, cats-meat,
anonymous letters, drops for the colic; while a bag for 'winnings at
_quadrille_' is displayed on the _Scandalous Magazine_, beside which
are perched two spitting and caterwauling old tom-cats.
_Hazardorum._--The head given as representative of _Hazardorum_ wears
a very disconsolate and downcast look; fortune has not favoured the
gambler, as is figuratively evinced by a purse turned upside down, from
which the contents are escaping, mortgage-deeds, annuity bonds, _Hoyle
on Chances_, a betting book, a game cock, rackets, dice and a dice-box.
_The Racing Calendar_, playing cards, billiard cues, a loaded pistol,
and other suggestive emblems supply the features of _Hazardorum_.
_Battlcorum._--The head of a fierce-looking warrior, with plumed hat,
sets forth _Battlcorum_; warlike attributes surround the stern hero,
whose face is grim as war itself. Chain-shot, pistols, shot-belts, a
cartouche box, bayonet, sword, gun, drum. &c., help out the martial
figure and assist its due signification.
_Billingsgatina_ displays the face of a buxom young fish-girl,
topped with a sailor's straw hat, and surrounded by evidences
of her fishy profession: strings of eels, lobsters, crabs, cod,
oysters, and fish-baskets are introduced to support the character of
_Billingsgatina_.
_Trafficorum_ is represented by a long-haired, hook-nosed, shrewd-eyed
Jew pedlar, wearing an unkempt beard; round his neck hangs the
suggestive hawker's box, with the multifarious contents of the pack
displayed; scissors, tape, ribands, spectacles, purses, razors, combs,
knives, forks and spoons, watches, trinkets, necklaces, ear-rings,
buckles, and an infinity of similar articles, disclose the identity of
_Trafficorum_.
_Barberorum._--The head of a French hair-dresser does duty for this
figure; a comb is stuck in the lengthy locks, and a white apron is
pinned under the shaven chin. Implements properly pertaining to the
barber's calling are introduced to form a trophy; a string of wigs of
all colours and shapes, a block, powder-bags, curling-irons, tongs,
combs, scissors, tooth brushes, razors and Packwood's strops, flasks
of scent, eau de Luce, lotions, boxes of pommades, rouge, &c., furnish
forth emblemata of the hair-dressing _Barberorum_.
_Flora_ is represented by a sweetly innocent flower-seller, whose soft
and winning face appears above clusters of roses, lilies, tulips,
bluebells, and other flowers, while beneath the attributes of _Flora_
are completed by a basket of fruits and vegetables.