DUP, dup, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to undo a door. [From _do_ and _up_. Cf. _don_
and _doff_.]
DUPE, d[=u]p, _n._ one easily cheated: one who is deceived or
misled.--_v.t._ to deceive: to trick.--_n._ DUPABIL'ITY.--_adj._
D[=U]'PABLE.--_n._ D[=U]'PERY, the art of deceiving others. [Fr. _dupe_; of
uncertain origin.]
DUPION, d[=u]'pi-on, _n._ a cocoon spun by two silkworms together, also the
silk of such.--Also DOU'PION. [Fr.]
DUPLEX, d[=u]'pleks, _adj._ twofold: double.--_adjs._ D[=U]'PLE, double:
twofold; D[=U]'PLICATE, double: twofold.--_n._ another thing of the same
kind: a copy or transcript.--_v.t._ to double: to fold.--_n._
DUPLIC[=A]'TION.--_adj._ D[=U]'PLICATIVE.--_ns._ D[=U]'PLICATURE, a
doubling: anything doubled: the fold of a membrane; DUPLIC'ITY, doubleness:
insincerity of heart or speech: deceit; D[=U]'PLY, a second reply in Scots
law.--THE DUPLICATION OF THE CUBE was a problem eagerly discussed by the
early Greek geometers. [L. _duplic[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_duplex_--_duo_,
two, _plic[=a]re_, to fold.]
DURA. See DURRA.
DURABLE, d[=u]r'a-bl, _adj._ able to last or endure: hardy:
permanent.--_ns._ DUR'ABLENESS, DURABIL'ITY, quality of being durable:
power of resisting decay.--_adv._ DUR'ABLY.--_ns._ DUR'ANCE, continuance:
imprisonment: duress; DUR'ANT, a strong cloth in imitation of buff-leather;
DUR[=A]'TION, continuance in time: time indefinitely: power of continuance.
[Fr.,--L. _durabilis_--_dur[=a]re_, to last.]
DURA MATER, d[=u]'ra m[=a]'t[.e]r, _n._ the exterior membrane of the brain
and spinal column distinguished from the other two, the arachnoid and the
pia mater.
DURAMEN, d[=u]-r[=a]'m[.e]n, _n._ the inner and fully ripened wood of
dicotyledonous trees. [L.,--_durus_, hard.]
DURBAR, dur'bar, _n._ an audience-chamber: a reception or levee, esp. a
reception of native princes held by the Viceroy of India: the body of
officials at a native court. [Pers. _dar-bár_, a prince's court, lit. a
'_door_ of _admittance_.']
DURDUM. Same as DIRDUM.
DURE, d[=u]r, _v.i._ (_obs._) to endure, last, or continue.--_adj._
DURE'FUL (_Spens._), enduring, lasting. [Fr. _durer_--L.
_dur[=a]re_--_durus_, hard.]
DURESS, d[=u]r'es, or d[=u]r-es', _n._ constraint: imprisonment: constraint
illegally exercised to force a person to perform some act. [O. Fr.
_duresse_--L. _duritia_--_durus_, hard.]
DURGA, d[=oo]r'ga, the wife of Siva (q.v.).
DURGAN, dur'gan, _n._ a dwarf, any undersized creature.--_adj._ DUR'GY.
[Related to _dwarf_.]
DURHAM, dur'am, _n._ one of a particular breed of shorthorned cattle--from
the English county.
DURIAN, d[=u]'ri-an, _n._ a lofty Indian and Malayan fruit-tree (genus
_Durio_), with leaves resembling those of the cherry, and large bunches of
pale-yellow flowers.--Also D[=U]'RION. [Malay _duryon_.]
DURING, d[=u]'ring, _prep._ for the time a thing lasts: in the course of.
[Orig. pr.p. of obs. _dure_, to last.]
DURMAST, dur'mast, _n._ a sub-species or variety of oak.
DURN, durn, _n._ (_prov._) a door-post.--Also DERN.
DUROY, d[=u]-roi', _n._ an obsolete form of _corduroy_.
DURRA, dur'ra, _n._ a genus of grasses closely allied to sugar-cane and
beard-grass--also called _Durra millet_ and _Indian millet_ or _Sorgho
grass_. Much cultivated in Asia, Africa, and the south of Europe.--Also
DOUR'A, DHUR'RA, and DUR'A. [Ar.]
DURST, durst, _pa.t._ of DARE, to venture. [A.S. _dorste_, pa.t. of _dear_,
to dare.]
DUSH, dush, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to throw down.
DUSK, dusk, _adj._ darkish: of a dark colour.--_n._ twilight: partial
darkness: darkness of the colour.--_v.t._ to occasion a dusky
appearance.--_v.i._ DUSK'EN, to grow dark.--_adv._ DUSK'ILY.--_n._
DUSK'INESS.--_adj._ DUSK'ISH, rather dusky: slightly dark or black.--_adv._
DUSK'ISHLY.--_n._ DUSK'ISHNESS.--_adv._ DUSK'LY.--_n._ DUSK'NESS.--_adj._
DUSK'Y, partially dark or obscure: dark-coloured: sad: gloomy. [A.S. _dox_,
_dosc_, dark--further history of word obscure.]
DUST, dust, _n._ fine particles of matter: a cloud of powdery matter
present in the atmosphere: powder: earth: the grave, where the body becomes
dust: a mean condition: gold-dust--hence money.--_v.t._ to free from dust:
to sprinkle with dust.--_ns._ DUST'-BALL, a disease of horses, in which
grain-dust forms a ball in the intestine; DUST'-BIN, a bucket, box, &c. for
holding dust and rubbish; DUST'-BRAND, smut (q.v.); DUST'-BRUSH, a light
brush for removing dust from walls, &c.; DUST'-CART, a cart for conveying
dust and rubbish from the streets; DUST'-CONTRACT'OR, one who has made a
contract to remove dust, &c., as from yards; DUST'ER, one who dusts: a
cloth or brush used for removing dust; DUST'-HOLE, a dust-bin; DUST'INESS;
DUST'MAN, a scavenger; DUST'-PAN, a pan or shovel for removing dust swept
from the floor.--_adj._ DUST'Y, covered or sprinkled with dust: like
dust.--_ns._ DUST'Y-FOOT (see PIE-POWDER); DUST'Y-MILL'ER, the auricula,
from the white dust upon its leaves.--DUST A PERSON'S JACKET, to give him a
drubbing.--BITE THE DUST (see BITE); DOWN WITH THE DUST, pay down the
money, originally with reference to gold-_dust_; KICK UP A DUST, to make a
stir or uproar; RAISE A DUST, to create a disturbance; THROW DUST IN A
PERSON'S EYES, to delude or deceive a person. [A.S. _dúst_; cf. Ger.
_dunst_, vapour, Dut. _duist_, meal-dust.]
DUTCH, duch, _adj._ belonging to Holland or its people--in old writers
rather applied to the Germans: heavy, clumsy, as in _Dutch-built_,
_-buttocked_, &c.--_n._ DUTCH'MAN, a native of Holland.--DUTCH AUCTION,
COURAGE, TILES (see AUCTION, COURAGE, TILE); DUTCH CARPET, a mixed material
of cotton and wool for floor coverings; DUTCH CHEESE, a small round cheese
made on the Continent from skim-milk; DUTCH CLINKERS, a hard brick for
paving stables, &c.; DUTCH CLOVER, white clover; DUTCH CONCERT, a concert
in which singers sing their various songs simultaneously, or each one sings
a verse of any song he likes between bursts of some familiar chorus; DUTCH
DROPS, a balsam, or popular nostrum, of oil of turpentine, tincture of
guaiacum, &c.; DUTCH LIQUID, an oily substance obtained by mixing chlorine
and olefiant gases--not miscible with water, readily dissolving in ether
and alcohol, producing anæsthesia; DUTCH METAL, sometimes called _Dutch
gold_ or _Dutch leaf_, is an alloy of copper and zinc; DUTCH OVEN (see
OVEN); DUTCH PINK (see PINK); DUTCH RUSH, the scouring-rush; DUTCH WIFE, an
open frame of rattan or cane used in the Dutch Indies, to rest the limbs
upon in bed.--TALK LIKE A DUTCH UNCLE, to rebuke with kindness. [Ger.
_deutsch_, (lit.) belonging to the people--Old High Ger. _diutisk_, of
which _-isk_ = the Eng. suffix _-ish_, and _diut_ = A.S. _theod_, Goth.
_thiuda_, a nation. See TEUTONIC.]
DUTY, d[=u]'ti, _n._ that which is due: what one is bound by any obligation
to do: obedience: military service: respect or regard: one's proper
business: tax on goods.--_adj._ D[=U]'TEOUS, devoted to duty:
obedient.--_adv._ D[=U]'TEOUSLY.--_n._ D[=U]'TEOUSNESS.--_adjs._
D[=U]'TIABLE, subject to custom duty; D[=U]'TIED, subjected to duties and
customs; D[=U]'TIFUL, attentive to duty: respectful: expressive of a sense
of duty.--_adv._ D[=U]'TIFULLY.--_n._ D[=U]'TIFULNESS.--_adj._
D[=U]'TY-FREE, free from tax or duty. [Formed from Anglo-Fr. _deu_ or _due_
(mod. Fr. _dú_) and suffix _-ty_. See DUE (1).]
DUUMVIRATE, d[=u]-um'vi-r[=a]t, _n._ the union of two men in the same
office: a form of government in ancient Rome.--_n._ D[=U]UM'VIR, one of two
associated in the same office.--_adj._ D[=U]UM'VIRAL. [L. _duo_, two, and
_vir_, a man.]
DUVET, dü-v[=a]', _n._ a quilt stuffed with eider-down or swan's-down.
[Fr.]
DUX, duks, _n._ a leader: the head boy in a school or class. [L., a
leader.]
DWALE, dw[=a]l, _n._ (_bot._) deadly nightshade: a stupefying drink:
(_her._) a black colour. [Ice. _dvöl_, _dvali_, delay, sleep.]
DWALE, dw[=a]l, _n._ (_obs._) error: a heretic.--_adj._ perverse. [A.S.
_dwala_, error.]
DWALM, DWAUM, dwäm, _n._ (_Scot._) a swoon, a sudden sickness.--_v.i._ to
fail in health. [A.S. _dwolma_, confusion.]
DWARF, dwawrf, _n._ an animal or plant that does not reach the ordinary
height: a diminutive man.--_v.t._ to hinder from growing: to make to appear
small.--_adjs._ DWARF'ISH, DWARF, like a dwarf: very small:
despicable.--_adv._ DWARF'ISHLY.--_n._ DWARF'ISHNESS.--DWARFED TREES, small
trees growing in flower-pots, a characteristic ornament in Chinese and
Japanese houses and gardens. [A.S. _dweorg_; Dut. _dwerg_, Ice. _dvergr_,
Ger. _zwerg_.]
DWELL, dwel, _v.i._ to abide in a place: to remain: to rest the attention:
to continue long.--_v.t._ (_Milt._) to inhabit, to place:--_pr.p._
dwell'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ dwelled or dwelt.--_ns._ DWELL'ER;
DWELL'ING, the place where one dwells: habitation: continuance;
DWELL'ING-HOUSE, a house used as a dwelling, in distinction from a place of
business or other building; DWELL'ING-PLACE, a place of residence. [A.S.
_dwellan_, to cause to wander, to delay, from _dwal_ or _dol_, the original
of Eng. _dull_.]
DWINDLE, dwin'dl, _v.i._ to grow less: to waste away: to grow feeble: to
become degenerate.--_v.t._ to lessen.--_n._ decline.--_n._ DWIN'DLEMENT.
[Dim. of DWINE.]
DWINE, dw[=i]n, _v.i._ to pine: (_Scot._) to waste away. [A.S. _dwínan_, to
fade; cf. Ice. _dvína_, Dan. _tvine_, to pine away.]
DYAD, d[=i]'ad, _n._ a pair of units treated as one: (_chem._) an atom,
radical, or element having a combining power of two units: (_biol._) a
secondary unit of organisation consisting of an aggregate of
monads.--_adj._ DYAD'IC.
DYAK, d[=i]'ak, _n._ the Malay name for the race who constitute the bulk of
the aboriginal population of Borneo, divided into innumerable tribes,
differing pretty widely in language, customs, and degrees of
savageness.--Also DAY'AK.
DYE, d[=i], _n._ (_Spens._). Same as DIE (2).
DYE, d[=i], _v.t._ to stain: to give a new colour to:--_pr.p._ dye'ing;
_pa.p._ dyed.--_n._ colour: tinge: stain: a colouring liquid.--_ns._
DYE'-HOUSE, a building in which dyeing is done; DYE'ING, the art of
imparting colours to textile and other materials, such as cotton, silk,
wool, and leather; DY'ER, one whose trade is to dye cloth, &c.;
DY'ER'S-BROOM, a European shrubby plant, thoroughly naturalised in some
parts of North America--a well-known source of yellow colouring matter;
DY'ER'S-WEED, the woad, weld, or yellow weed, yielding a yellow dye;
DYE'-STUFF, material used in dyeing; DYE'-WOOD, any wood from which
material is obtained for dyeing; DYE'-WORK, an establishment for dyeing.
[A.S. _deágan_, to dye, from _deág_ or _deáh_, colour.]
DYING, d[=i]'ing, _pr.p._ of DIE.--_adj._ destined for death: mortal:
declining: occurring immediately before death, as dying words: supporting a
dying person, as a dying-bed: pertaining to death.--_n._ death.--_adv._
DY'INGLY.--_n._ DY'INGNESS.--DYING DECLARATION (_law_), the declaration
made by a person convinced of his impending death, and who does not expect
to survive the trial of the accused. [See DIE (1).]
DYKE. Same as DIKE.
DYNACTINOMETER, din-ak-tin-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring
the actinic force of light. [Gr. _dynamis_, force, _aktis_, _aktinos_, a
ray, _metron_, a measure.]
DYNAM, d[=i]'nam, _n._ a unit of work, a foot-pound: the resultant of all
the forces acting on a body.
DYNAMETER, d[=i]-nam'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring the
magnifying power of a telescope.--_adj._ DYNAMET'RICAL, pertaining to a
dynameter. [Gr. _dynamis_, power, and _metron_, a measure.]
DYNAMIC, -AL, di-nam'ik, -al, _adj._ relating to force: relating to the
effects of forces in nature: causal.--_n._ DYNAM'IC, a moving
force.--_adv._ DYNAM'ICALLY.--_ns._ DYNAM'ICS, the science which treats of
matter and motion, where the nature of the moving body and the cause of its
motion are both considered; DY'NAMISM, a theory which explains the
phenomena of the universe by some immanent energy: operation of force;
DY'NAMIST.--_adj._ DYNAMIS'TIC. [Gr. _dynamikos_--_dynamis_,
power--_dynasthai_, to be able.]
DYNAMITE, din'a-m[=i]t, _n._ a powerful explosive agent, consisting of
absorbent matter, as porous silica, saturated with nitro-glycerine.--_v.t._
to blow up with dynamite.--_ns._ DYN'AMITARD, DYN'AMITER, a ruffian who
would use dynamite to destroy bridges, gaols, &c. [Gr. _dynamis_.]
DYNAMO, d[=i]'na-mo, _n._ a contraction of DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE, a
machine for generating electric currents by means of the relative movement
of conductors and magnets.--_adjs._ DY'NAMO-ELECTRIC, -AL.--_ns._
DYNAMOG'ENY, production of increased nervous activity; DYNAM'OGRAPH, a
recording dynamometer: an instrument for marking the degree of compression
of an elliptic spring.
DYNAMOMETER, din-am-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ originally an instrument for
measuring force, such as the pull exerted by a horse in drawing a cart: the
name now usually given to instruments for measuring power.--_adjs._
DYNAMOMET'RIC, -AL. [Gr. _dynamis_, power, and _metron_, a measure.]
DYNASTY, din'as-ti, or d[i]'nas-ti, _n._ a succession of kings of the same
family.--_n._ DY'NAST, a ruler.--_adj._ DYNAS'TIC, belonging to a dynasty.
[Gr. _dynasteia_--_dynast[=e]s_, a lord, _dynasthai_, to be able.]
DYNE, d[=i]n, _n._ the unit of force in the centimetre-gramme-second
(C.G.S.) system.
DYOPHYSITE, d[=i]-of'i-z[=i]t, _n._ a holder of the doctrine of the
coexistence of two natures, the divine and the human, in Christ--also
DIPH'YSITE.--_adjs._ DYOPHYSIT'IC, -AL.--_n._ DYOPH'YSITISM.
DYOTHELETE, d[=i]-oth'e-l[=e]t, _adj._ holding the doctrine that Christ had
two wills, a divine and a human--also DYOTH'ELITE.--_n._ one who holds the
foregoing.--_ns._ DYOTH'ELITISM, DYOTH'ELISM.
DYSÆSTHESIA, dis-es-th[=e]'si-a, _n._ impaired sensation, partial
insensibility.--_adj._ DYSÆSTHETIC. [Gr., _dys_, hard,
_aisth[=e]tos_--_aisthanesthai_, to feel.]
DYSCHROA, dis'kr[=o]-a, _n._ discoloration of the skin from disease.--Also
DYS'CHROIA.
DYSCRASIA, dis-kr[=a]'si-a, _n._ (_path._) an altered condition of the
blood and fluids of the system, leading to constitutional diseases, as
dropsy, cancer, delirium tremens, lead-poisoning, &c. [From Gr. _dys_, bad,
_krasis_, a mixture.]
DYSENTERY, dis'en-ter-i, _n._ a form of disease accompanied by discharges
from the bowels, and differing from diarrhoea chiefly in being attended by
marked fever and pain, as also by the presence of blood and inflammatory
products in the discharges. It is a disease of the mucous membrane of the
colon or great intestine.--_adj._ DYSENTER'IC. [Gr. _dysenteria_, _dys_,
ill, _entera_, entrails.]
DYSLOGISTIC, dis-l[=o]-jis'tik, _adj._ conveying censure,
opprobrious.--_adv._ DYSLOGIS'TICALLY.--_n._ DYS'LOGY, dispraise.
DYSMENORRHOEA, dis-men-[=o]-r[=e]'a, _n._ difficult or painful
menstruation.--_adjs._ DYSMENORRHOE'AL, -IC.
DYSNOMY, dis'n[=o]-mi, _n._ bad legislation.
DYSODYLE, -ILE, dis'[=o]-d[=i]l, _n._ a yellow or grayish laminated
bituminous mineral, often found with lignite, burning vividly, with an
odour of asafoetida. [Gr. _dys[=o]d[=e]s_--_dys_, ill, _ozein_, to smell.]
DYSOPSIA, dis-op'si-a, _n._ dimness or difficulty of vision.--Also
DYS[=O]'PIA, DYSOP'SY.
DYSOREXIA, dis-[=o]-rek'si-a, _n._ an impaired or depraved appetite.--Also
DYS'OREXY.
DYSPATHY, dis'pa-thi, _n._ antipathy, dislike--opposite of
_Sympathy_.--_adj._ DYSPATHET'IC.
DYSPEPSIA, dis-pep'si-a, _n._ a scientific term for indigestion--also
DYSPEP'SY.--_n._ DYSPEP'TIC, a person afflicted with dyspepsia.--_adjs._
DYSPEP'TIC, -AL, afflicted with, pertaining to, or arising from
indigestion.--_adv._ DYSPEP'TICALLY. [Gr. _dyspepsia_--_dys_, hard,
_pessein_, _pepsein_, to digest.]
DYSPHAGIA, dis-f[=a]'ji-a, _n._ difficulty in swallowing--also
DYS'PHAGY.--_adj._ DISPHAG'IC.
DYSPHONIA, dis-f[=o]'ni-a, _n._ difficulty in producing sounds. [Gr. _dys_,
ill, _ph[=o]n[=e]_, sound.]
DYSPHORIA, dis-f[=o]'ri-a, _n._ impatience under affliction, morbid
restlessness.
DYSPHUISTIC, dis-f[=u]-is'tik, _adj._ ill-sounding, inelegant.
DYSPNOEA, disp-n[=e]'a, _n._ difficulty of breathing.--_adjs._ DYSPNOE'AL,
DYSPNOE'IC. [Gr. _dys_, ill, _pno[=e]_, breathing.]
DYSTELEOLOGY, dis-tel-[=e]-ol'o-ji, _n._ the doctrine of purposelessness,
or denial of 'final causes:' the study of apparently functionless
rudimentary organs in animals and plants.--_adj._ DYSTELEOLOG'ICAL.--_n._
DYSTELEOL'OGIST.
DYSTHESIA, dis-th[=e]'si-a, _n._ a morbid habit of body, resulting in
general discomfort and impatience.--_adj._ DYSTHET'IC.
DYSTHYMIC, dis-thim'ik, _adj._ depressed in spirits.
DYSTOMIC, dis-tom'ik, _adj._ having an imperfect fracture or
cleavage.--Also DYS'TOMOUS.
DYSURIA, dis-[=u]'ri-a, _n._ a difficulty of passing urine--also
DYS'URY.--_adj._ DYS[=U]'RIC. [Gr. _dys_, ill, _ouron_, urine.]
DYTISCUS, d[=i]-tis'kus, _n._ a genus of water-beetles, including a common
large British species, _D. marginalis_--also DYT'ICUS.--_adj._ DYTIS'CID.
[Formed from Gr. _dyt[=e]s_, a diver.]
DYVOUR, d[=i]'v[=oo]r, _n._ (_Scot._) a bankrupt.--_n._ DYV'OURY,
bankruptcy. [Generally conn. with Fr. _devoir_, to owe. The old phrase
'drowned in debt' suggests a connection with _diver_.]
DZEREN, dz[=e]'ren, _n._ the Mongolian antelope.--Also DZ[=E]'RON--called
also _Goitered antelope_, _Yellow goat_.
DZIGGETAI, dzig'ge-t[=i], _n._ a species of wild ass, more horse-like than
the others, inhabiting the elevated steppes of Tartary--prob. the
_hemionus_ (half-ass) of Herodotus and Pliny. [Mongol.]
* * * * *
Corrections made to printed original.
Under "Accomplish":--"especially graceful acquirements"; "grateful" in
original.
Under "Aflame":--"Pfx. a-, and Flame."; "Pfx. a-, and Glowing." in
original.
Under "Aphaniptera":--"adj. Aphanip'terous"; "Appenip'terous" in original.
Under "Appreciate":--"rise in exchangeable value"; "risk" in original.
Under "Artichoke":--"girasole ('turn-sun')"; "girasole ('twin-sun')" in
original.
Under "Begonia":--"'Elephant's Ears,'"; "'Elephant's,' 'Earl's,'" in
original.
Under "Catenary":--"v.t. Catenate", the word "Catenate" is missing in the
original.