DOGMA, dog'ma, _n._ a settled opinion: a principle or tenet: a doctrine
laid down with authority.--_adjs._ DOGMAT'IC, -AL, pertaining to a dogma:
asserting a thing as if it were a dogma: asserting positively:
overbearing.--_adv._ DOGMAT'ICALLY.--_n._ DOGMAT'ICS (_theol._), the
statement of Christian doctrines, systematic theology.--_v.i._ DOG'MATISE,
to state one's opinion dogmatically or arrogantly.--_ns._ DOG'MATISER;
DOG'MATISM, dogmatic or positive assertion of opinion; DOG'MATIST, one who
makes positive assertions; DOGMATOL'OGY, the science of dogma.--_adj._
DOG'MATORY. [Gr., 'an opinion,' from _dokein_, to think, allied to L.
_decet_.]
DOG-SHORES, dog'-sh[=o]rz, _n.pl._ the pieces of timber used to shore up a
vessel, to keep it from falling or from starting during the preparations
for launching, knocked aside when the ship is ready to be launched.
DOGSTAR, dog'stär, _n._ Sirius, a star of the first magnitude, whose rising
and setting with the sun gave name to the dogdays.
[Illustration]
DOG-TOOTH, dog'-t[=oo]th, _n._ a moulding for doors and windows in later
Norman architecture, consisting of a series of ornamented conical
projections: a canine tooth.
DOG-WATCHES, dog'-woch'ez, _n.pl._ on shipboard, the two watches 4-6 P.M.
and 6-8 P.M., consisting each of two hours only, instead of four.
DOILT, doilt, _adj._ (_Scot._) crazy, foolish.--Also DOILED.
DOILY, doi'li, _n._ (_obs._) an old kind of woollen stuff: a small napkin
used at dessert. [From _Doily_ or _Doyley_, a famous haberdasher.]
DOINGS, d[=oo]'ingz, _n.pl._ things done, events: proceedings: behaviour.
DOIT, doit, _n._ a small Dutch coin worth about half a farthing: a thing of
little or no value. [Dut. _duit_.]
DOITED, doit'ed, _p.adj._ a Scotch form of DOTED.
DOKE, d[=o]k, _n._ (_prov._) a dimple, dint.
DOLABELLA, d[=o]-la-bel'a, _n._ a genus of tectibranchiate gasteropods.
DOLABRA, d[=o]-l[=a]'bra, _n._ an ancient Roman cutting or digging
implement, of various shapes.--_adj._ DOLAB'RIFORM, like a hatchet or
cleaver, used of leaves, also of shells straight and thick at one side, and
thin at the other. [L. _dolabra_, a cleaver.]
DOLCE, d[=o]l'che, _adj._ (_mus._) sweet.--_n._ a soft-toned
organ-stop.--_adv._ DOLCEMEN'TE (_mus._), softly and sweetly. [It.]
DOLDRUMS, dol'drumz, _n.pl._ (_naut._) those parts of the ocean about the
equator where calms and baffling winds prevail: low spirits. [Prob. conn.
with _dold_, stupid, or _dol_ = dull.]
DOLE, d[=o]l, _v.t._ to deal out in small portions.--_n._ a share
distributed: something given in charity: a small portion. [A doublet of
_deal_, to divide.]
DOLE, d[=o]l, _n._ pain: grief: (_arch._ and _poet._) heaviness at
heart.--_adj._ DOLE'FUL, full of dole or grief: melancholy.--_adv._
DOLE'FULLY.--_n._ DOLE'FULNESS.--_adjs._ D[=O]'LENT (_obs._), DOLE'SOME,
dismal.--_adv._ DOLE'SOMELY. [O. Fr. _doel_ (Fr. _deuil_), grief--L.
_dol[=e]re_, to feel pain.]
DOLERITE, dol'er-[=i]t, _n._ basaltic greenstone. [Fr.,--Gr. _doleros_,
deceptive, it being hard to distinguish from real greenstone.]
DOLICHOCEPHALIC, dol-i-ko-sef-al'ik, _adj._ long-headed, a term used to
denote a head whose diameter from front to back is longer than from side to
side--also DOLICHOCEPH'ALOUS.--_ns._ DOLICHOCEPH'ALY, DOLICHOCEPH'ALISM.
[Formed from Gr. _dolichos_, long, _kephal[=e]_, the head.]
DOLICHOS, dol'i-kos, _n._ a genus of leguminous plants allied to the
Haricot. [Gr., long.]
DOLICHOSAURUS, dol-i-k[=o]-saw'rus, _n._ the typical genus of
DOLICOSAU'RIA, a group of fossil _Lacertilia_ of the Cretaceous formation.
DOLICHOTIS, dol-i-k[=o]'tis, _n._ a genus of long-eared South American
rodents. [Gr. _dolichos_, long, _ous_, _[=o]tos_, the ear.]
DOLICHURUS, dol-i-k[=u]'rus, _n._ a dactylic hexameter with a redundant
syllable at the end, the sixth foot being a dactyl. [Gr., long-tailed.]
DOLIUM, d[=o]'li-um, _n._ a Roman earthenware jar for wine, oil, grain,
&c.:--_pl._ D[=O]'LIA. [L.]
DOLL, dol, _n._ a puppet or toy-baby for a child: a pretty but silly woman:
the smallest or pet pig in a litter.--_ns._ DOLL'DOM; DOLL'HOOD; DOLL'SHIP;
DOLL'S'-HOUSE. [Prob. from _Dolly_, familiar dim. of _Dorothy_.]
DOLLAR, dol'ar, _n._ a silver coin (= 100 cents) of U.S.A., Mexico,
Singapore, &c. The U.S.A. dollar = about 4s. 2d. sterling.--_adjs._
DOLL'ARED; DOLL'ARLESS.--_ns._ DOLLAROC'RACY; DOLL'ARSHIP. [Ger., short for
_Joachimsthaler_, because first coined at the silver mines in Joachimsthal
(Joachim's dale) in Bohemia--Low Ger. _daler_, Sw., Dan. _daler_.]
DOLLOP, dol'op, _n._ a lump.--Also DALL'OP. [Prob. cog. with Norw. dial.
_dolp_, a lump.]
DOLLY, dol'i, _n._ a complimentary offering of flowers, sweetmeats, &c. on
a tray. [Anglo-Ind.,--Hindi, _d[=a]l[=i]_.]
DOLLY, dol'i, _n._ dim. of DOLL.--_adj._ babyish.--_n._ DOLL'INESS.
DOLLY, dol'i, _n._ a wooden shaft attached to a disc with projecting arms,
used for stirring clothes in a washing-tub; somewhat similar pieces of
apparatus in mining, pile-driving, &c.--_v.t._ to wash (clothes) in a tub:
to beat (red-hot metal) with a hammer: to crush ore with a dolly, to obtain
or yield by this method.--_adj._ DOLL'IED.--_n._ DOLL'IER. [Prob. from
_Dolly_, the familiar form of _Dorothy_.]
DOLLY-SHOP, dol'i-shop, _n._ a marine store, a low pawn-shop--often having
a black doll as signboard.
DOLLY VARDEN, dol'i vär'den, _n._ a flowered muslin dress for women, with
pointed bodice and tucked-up skirt: a large hat, one side bent downwards,
abundantly trimmed with flowers. [Named from _Dolly Varden_, a character in
Dickens's _Barnaby Rudge_.]
DOLMAN, dol'man, _n._ a Turkish robe with slight sleeves and open in front:
a hussar's jacket, worn like a cloak, with one or both sleeves hanging
loose. [Fr.,--Turk. _d[=o]l[=a]m[=a]n_.]
[Illustration]
DOLMEN, dol'men, _n._ a stone table: the French name for a cromlech, a
prehistoric structure of two or more erect unhewn stones, supporting a
large flattish stone. [Fr. _dolmen_; usually explained as Bret.
_dolmen_--_dol_, _taol_, table, _men_, a stone. But _tolmen_ in Cornish
meant 'hole of stone.']
DOLOMITE, dol'o-m[=i]t, _n._ a magnesian limestone, so called from the
French geologist D. Guy de _Dolomieu_ (1750-1801).--_adj._ DOLOMIT'IC.
DOLOUR, d[=o]'lor, _n._ pain: grief: anguish.--_adjs._ DOLORIF'EROUS,
DOLORI'FIC, causing or expressing dolour, pain, or grief.--_adv._
DOLOR[=O]'SO (_mus._), noting a soft and pathetic manner.--_adj._
DOL'OROUS, full of dolour, pain, or grief: doleful.--_adv._
DOL'OROUSLY.--_n._ DOL'OROUSNESS.--DOLOURS OF THE VIRGIN, the prophecy of
Simeon, the flight into Egypt, the three days' loss of Jesus, the meeting
of Him on the way to Calvary, the crucifixion, the descent from the cross,
the entombment. [Fr.,--L. _dol[=e]re_, to grieve.]
DOLPHIN, dol'fin, _n._ an animal of the whale kind, closely resembling the
porpoise, about 8 or 10 feet long: the coryphæna, a fish about 5 feet in
length, noted for the brilliancy of its colours when dying.--_ns._
DOL'PHINET (_Spens._), a female dolphin; DOL'PHIN-FLY, a black aphis or
plant-louse, destructive to bean-plants. [O. Fr. _daulphin_--L.
_delphinus_--Gr. _delphis_, _-phinos_.]
DOLT, d[=o]lt, _n._ a dull or stupid fellow.--_adj._ DOLT'ISH, dull:
stupid.--_adv._ DOLT'ISHLY.--_n._ DOLT'ISHNESS. [_Dolt_ = _dulled_ or
blunted. See DULL.]
DOM, dom, _n._ the Portuguese form of _Don_: also a title given to certain
Catholic dignitaries and members of some monastic orders, esp. the
Benedictine. [L. _dominus_, lord.]
DOMAIN, do-m[=a]n', _n._ what one is master of or has dominion over: an
estate: territory: ownership of land: the scope or range of any subject or
sphere of knowledge.--_adjs._ DOMAIN'AL, DOM[=A]'NIAL. [Fr.,--L.
_dominium_, _dominus_, a master.]