CHIRUR'GEON, CHIRUR'GERY, CHIRUR'GICAL, old forms of SURGEON, SURGERY,
SURGICAL.--_adv._ CHIRUR'GEONLY (_Shak._), in a manner becoming a surgeon.
[Fr. _chirurgien_--Gr. _cheirourgos_--_cheir_, the hand, _ergon_, a work.]
CHISEL, chiz'el, _n._ an iron or steel tool to cut or hollow out wood,
stone, &c.: esp. the tool of the sculptor.--_v.t._ to cut, carve, &c. with
a chisel: (_slang_) to cheat:--_pr.p._ chis'elling; _pa.p._
chis'elled.--_adj._ CHIS'ELLED, cut with a chisel; (_fig._) having sharp
outlines, as cut by a chisel.--_n._ CHIS'ELLING.--_adj._
CHIS'EL-SHAPED.--_n._ CHIS'EL-TOOTH, the scalpriform perennial incisor of a
rodent. [O. Fr. _cisel_--L. _cæd[)e]re_, to cut.]
CHISEL, chiz'el, _n._ See CHESIL.
CHISLEU, chis'l[=u], _n._ the ninth month of the Jewish year, including
parts of November and December. [Heb.]
CHIT, chit, _n._ a note: an order or pass.--Also CHIT'TY. [Hind.
_chitthi_.]
CHIT, chit, _n._ a baby: a lively or pert young child: contemptuously, a
young woman or girl. [A.S. _cith_, a young tender shoot.]
CHITCHAT, chit'chat, _n._ chatting or idle talk: prattle: gossip. [A
reduplication of CHAT.]
CHITIN, k[=i]'tin, _n._ the substance which forms most of the hard parts of
jointed footed animals.--_adj._ CH[=I]'TINOUS. [Fr. _chitine_--Gr.
_chiton_, a tunic.]
CHITON, k[=i]'ton, _n._ the ancient Greek tunic: a genus of marine
molluscs. [Gr. _chit[=o]n_, a tunic]
CHITTER, chit'[.e]r, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to shiver.--_n._ CHITT'ERING. [Cf.
CHATTER.]
CHITTERLING, chit'[.e]r-ling, _n._ the smaller intestines of a pig or other
edible animal: a frill--prov. forms, _Chidling_, _Chitling_, _Chitter_.
[Ety. dub.]
CHIVALRY, shiv'al-ri, _n._ the usages and qualifications of chevaliers or
knights: bravery and courtesy: the system of knighthood in feudal
times.--_adjs._ CHIVAL'RIC, CHIV'ALROUS, pertaining to chivalry: bold:
gallant.--_adv._ CHIV'ALROUSLY.--_n._ CHIV'ALROUSNESS. [Fr.
_chevalerie_--_cheval_--Low L. _caballus_, a horse.]
CHIVE, ch[=i]v, _n._ an herb like the leek and onion, with small, flat,
clustered bulbs: a small bulb.--Also CIVE. [Fr. _cive_--L. _cæpa_, an
onion.]
CHIVY, chiv'vy, or CHEVY, chev'vy, _n._ a hunting cry.--_v.t._ to
chase.--_v.i._ to scamper. [Prob. from the Border battle of _Chevy_ Chase.]
CHLAMYS, kl[=a]'mis, _n._ an ancient Greek short cloak or mantle for men: a
purple cope: a genus of phytophagous beetles. [Gr.]
CHLOASMA, kl[=o]-az'ma, _n._ a skin-disease marked by yellowish-brown
patches. [Gr. _chlo[=e]_, verdure.]
CHLORINE, kl[=o]'rin, _n._ a yellowish-green gas with a peculiar and
suffocating odour.--_ns._ CHL[=O]'RAL, a limpid, colourless, oily liquid,
with a peculiar penetrating odour, formed when anhydrous alcohol is acted
on by dry chlorine gas; CHL[=O]'RALISM, the habit of using chloral, a
morbid state induced by such; CHL[=O]'RATE, a salt composed of chloric acid
and a base.--_adj._ CHL[=O]'RIC, of or from chlorine.--_n._ CHL[=O]'RIDE, a
compound of chlorine with some other substance, as potash, soda,
&c.--_v.t._ CHL[=O]'RIDISE, to convert into a chloride: (_phot._) to cover
with chloride of silver--also CHL[=O]'RIDATE.--_n._ CHLORIN[=A]'TION, the
process of getting gold, &c., out of ore by the use of chlorine.--_v.t._
CHL[=O]'RINISE, to combine or otherwise treat with chlorine--also
CHL[=O]'RINATE.--_ns._ CHL[=O]'RITE, a mineral consisting of silica,
alumina, &c., in variable proportions--it is of a green colour, rather
soft, and is easily scratched with a knife; CHL[=O]'RODYNE, a patent
medicine containing opium, chloroform, &c., used for allaying pain and
inducing sleep; CHL[=O]'ROFORM, a limpid, mobile, colourless, volatile
liquid, with a characteristic odour and a strong sweetish taste, used to
induce insensibility.--_adj._ CHL[=O]'ROID, like chlorine.--_ns._
CHL[=O]ROM'ETER, an instrument for measuring the bleaching powers of
chloride of lime; CHL[=O]ROM'ETRY, the process of testing the decolouring
power of any compound of chlorine; CHL[=O]'ROPHYL, the ordinary colouring
matter of vegetation, consisting of minute soft granules in the cells;
CHLOR[=O]'SIS, properly _green-sickness_, a peculiar form of anæmia or
bloodlessness, common in young women, and connected with the disorders
incident to the critical period of life.--_adjs._ CHL[=O]ROT'IC, pertaining
to chlorosis; CHL[=O]'ROUS, full of chlorine.--CHLORIC ACID, a syrupy
liquid, with faint chlorine colour and acid reaction. [Gr. _chl[=o]ros_,
pale-green.]
CHOBDAR, chob'dar, _n._ a frequent attendant of Indian nobles, and formerly
also of Anglo-Indian officials of rank, carrying a staff overlaid with
silver. [Pers.]
CHOCK, chok, _v.t._ to fasten as with a block or wedge.--_n._ a wedge to
keep a cask from rolling: a log.--_adjs._ CHOCK'-FULL, CHOKE'-FULL, quite
full; CHOCK'-TIGHT, very tight. [See CHOKE.]
CHOCOLATE, chok'[=o]-l[=a]t, _n._ a preparation of the seeds of _Theobroma
cacao_, made by grinding the seeds mixed with water to a very fine paste: a
beverage made by dissolving this paste in boiling water.--_adj._
chocolate-coloured, dark reddish-brown: made of or flavoured with
chocolate. [Sp. _chocolate_; from Mex. _chocolatl_, chocolate.]
CHODE, ch[=o]d, an obsolete _pa.t._ of CHIDE.
CHOICE, chois, _n._ act or power of choosing: the thing chosen:
alternative: preference: the preferable or best part.--_adj._ worthy of
being chosen: select: appropriate.--_adjs._ CHOICE'-DRAWN (_Shak._),
selected with care; CHOICE'FUL (_Spens._), making many choices,
fickle.--_adv._ CHOICE'LY, with discrimination or care.--_n._ CHOICE'NESS,
particular value: excellence: nicety.--HOBSON'S CHOICE, the alternative of
a thing offered or nothing, from _Hobson_, a Cambridge carrier and
innkeeper, who insisted on lending out the horse nearest the stable door,
or none at all.--MAKE CHOICE OF, to select; TAKE ONE'S CHOICE, to take what
one wishes. [Fr. _choix_--_choisir_; cf. CHOOSE.]
CHOIR, kw[=i]r, _n._ a chorus or band of singers, esp. those belonging to a
church: the part of a church appropriated to the singers: the part of a
cathedral separated from the nave by a rail or screen.--_v.i._ (_Shak._) to
sing in chorus.--_ns._ CHOIR'-OR'GAN, one of the departments of a cathedral
organ, standing behind the _great-organ_, having its tones less powerful,
and more fitted to accompany the voice; CHOIR'SCREEN, a screen of
lattice-work, separating the choir from the nave, so as to prevent general
access thereto, though not to interrupt either sight or sound.--_adj._
CH[=O]'RAL, belonging to a chorus or choir.--_ns._ CH[=O]RAL', CHORALE', a
simple harmonised composition, with slow rhythm: a tune written for a psalm
or hymn: in R.C. usage, any part of the service sung by the whole
choir.--_adv._ CH[=O]'RALLY, in the manner of a chorus: so as to suit a
choir. [Fr. _choeur_--L. _chorus_--Gr. _choros_.]
CHOKE, ch[=o]k, _v.t._ to throttle: to suffocate: to stop or obstruct: to
suppress.--_v.i._ to be choked or suffocated.--_n._ the action of
choking.--_n._ CHOKE'-BORE, the bore of a gun when narrowed at the muzzle
so as to concentrate the shot: a shot-gun so bored.--_v.t._ to bore in such
a way.--_n._ CHOKE'-CHERR'Y, a name given to certain nearly allied species
of cherry, natives of North America, whose fruit, though at first rather
agreeable, is afterwards astringent in the mouth.--_adj._ CHOKED,
suffocated, clogged.--_n._ CHOKE'DAMP, the carbonic acid gas given off by
coal which accumulates in coal-mines, and may suffocate those exposed to
it.--_adj._ CHOKE'-FULL (see CHOCK-FULL).--_ns._ CHOK'ER, one who chokes: a
neckerchief; CHOK'ING, suffocation.--_adj._ smothering.--_adj._ CHOK'Y,
tending to choke: inclined to choke.--CHOKE OFF, to put an end to, as if by
choking; CHOKE UP, to obstruct completely, to suffocate.--WHITE CHOKER, a
white neckerchief worn by clergymen, &c. [Prob. from sound.]