CHÆTODON, k[=e]'to-don, _n._ a typical genus of a family of bony fishes,
known as Squamipennes. [Gr. _chait[=e]_, hair, _odous_, _odont-_, tooth.]
CHÆTOPOD, k[=e]'to-pod, _n._ a class of worms including familiar types like
the Earthworm, the Fisherman's Lobworm, and the Sea-mouse--often included
under the title of Annelids or ringed worms. [Gr. _chait[=e]_, hair, and
_pous_, _pod-_, foot.]
CHAFE, ch[=a]f, _v.t._ to make hot by rubbing: to fret or wear by rubbing:
to cause to fret or rage (with _against_, _at_).--_v.i._ to fret or
rage.--_n._ heat caused by rubbing: rage: passion.--_ns._ CHAF'ER (_obs._),
a chafing-dish, a saucepan; CHAF'ING-DISH, a dish or vessel in which
anything is made hot: a kind of portable grate; CHAF'ING-GEAR, mats,
spun-yarn, battens, &c., put upon the rigging and spars of a ship to
prevent their being chafed. [Fr. _chauffer_--L.
_calefac[)e]re_--_cal[=e]re_, to be hot, and _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
CHAFER, ch[=a]f'[.e]r, _n._ a kind of beetle, the cockchafer. [A.S.
_cefer_; cog. with Dut. _kever_, Ger. _käfer_.]
CHAFF, chaf, _n._ a general name for the husks of corn or other grain as
threshed or winnowed: refuse, or worthless matter: light banter,
badinage.--_v.t._ to banter, or tease, by some raillery.--_ns._
CHAFF'-CUT'TER, CHAFF'-EN'GINE, a machine for cutting straw or hay into
chaff.--_n._ and _p.adj._ CHAFF'ING.--_adv._ CHAFF'INGLY.--_adjs._
CHAFF'LESS; CHAFF'Y. [A.S. _ceaf_; cf. Dut. _kaf_.]
CHAFFER, chaf'[.e]r, _v.t._ to buy.--_v.i._ to bargain: to haggle about the
price.--_ns._ CHAFF'ERER, a haggler about the price; CHAFF'ERY, buying and
selling: (_Spens._) haggling. [M. E. _chapfare_, a bargain, from A.S.
_ceap_, price, _faru_, way.]
CHAFFINCH, chaf'insh, _n._ a little song-bird of the finch family. [Said to
delight in _chaff_. See FINCH.]
CHAFFRON. See CHAMFRAIN.
CHAFT, chaft, _n._ (_Scot._ and _Northern English_) the jaw. [Ice.
_kjaptr_; cf. Sw. _käft_, Dan. _kieft_.]
CHAGAN, kag-än', _n._ an early form of KHAN.
CHAGRIN, sha-gr[=e]n', _n._ that which wears or gnaws the mind: vexation:
annoyance.--_v.t._ to vex or annoy.--_p.adj._ CHAGRINED'. [Fr. _chagrin_,
shagreen, rough skin, ill-humour.]
CHAIN, ch[=a]n, _n._ a series of links or rings passing through one
another: a number of things coming after each other: anything that binds: a
connected course or train of events: in surveying, often called Gunter's
chain, a measure of 100 links, 66 feet long (10 sq. chains make an acre):
(_pl._) fetters, bonds, confinement generally.--_v.t._ to fasten: to
fetter: to restrain: (_Shak._) to embrace.--_ns._ CHAIN'-ARM'OUR,
chain-mail; CHAIN'-BOLT, a large bolt used to secure the chain-plates to
the ship's side; CHAIN'-BRIDGE, a bridge suspended on chains: a
suspension-bridge; CHAIN'-C[=A]'BLE, a cable composed of iron
links.--_p.adj._ CHAINED, bound or fastened, as with a chain: fitted with a
chain.--_n._ CHAIN'-GANG, a gang of convicts chained together.--_adj._
CHAIN'LESS, without chains: [Illustration] unfettered.--_ns._ CHAIN'LET, a
small chain; CHAIN'-MAIL, mail or armour made of iron links connected
together, much used in Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries;
CHAIN'-MOULD'ING, moulding in the form of a chain; CHAIN'-PIER, a pier
supported by chains like a chain-bridge.--_n.pl._ CHAIN'-PLATES, on
shipboard, iron plates bolted below the channels to serve as attachments
for the dead-eyes, through which the standing rigging or shrouds and
back-stays are rove and secured.--_ns._ CHAIN'-PUMP, a pump consisting of
buckets or plates fastened to an endless iron chain, and used for raising
water; CHAIN'-RULE, an arithmetical rule, so called from the terms of the
problem being stated as equations, and connected, as if by a chain, so as
to obtain by one operation the same result as would be obtained by a number
of different operations in simple proportion: the rule for solving problems
by compound proportion; CHAIN'-SHOT, two bullets or half-bullets fastened
together by a chain, used formerly in naval engagements to destroy rigging,
now replaced by case-shot and shrapnel-shell; CHAIN'-STITCH, a peculiar
kind of stitch resembling the links of a chain; CHAIN'-WORK, work
consisting of threads, cords, &c., wrought with open spaces like the links
of a chain: network. [Fr. _chaine_--L. _cat[=e]na_.]
CHAIR, ch[=a]r, _n._ a movable seat for one, with a back to it: a covered
vehicle for one person, as a sedan-chair: the seat or office of one in
authority, as a judge, a bishop, or the person presiding over any
meeting--hence 'to take the chair' = to assume the place of president; 'to
address the chair' = to direct one's speech to the chairman; 'to support
the chair' = to uphold the authority of the chairman--often, when
endangered in a public meeting, asserted by cries of '_Chair!_': the seat
from which a professor delivers his lectures, the office or function of a
professor--'socialists of the chair' = mere doctrinaire or theoretical
advocates of socialism: cast-iron supports for rails under the permanent
way in a railway, held by wooden wedges, and spiked on to transverse wooden
sleepers.--_v.t._ to place in a seat of authority: to carry publicly in
triumph.--_n._ CHAIR'-BED, a kind of chair capable of being turned into a
bed.--_n.pl._ CHAIR'-DAYS (_Shak._), used figuratively to denote the
evening of life.--_ns._ CHAIR'MAN, the man who takes the chair, or presides
at an assembly or meeting: one who carries a sedan or Bath chair;
CHAIR'MANSHIP; CHAIR'-OR'GAN, a corruption of choir-organ (q.v.);
CHAIR'WOMAN. [Fr. _chaire_--L.--Gr. _kathedra_.]
CHAISE, sh[=a]z, _n._ a light open carriage for one or more persons: a
travelling carriage (see POST-CHAISE).--_adj._ CHAISE'LESS.--_n._
CHAISE-LONGUE, a couch. [Fr., a Parisian pronunciation of _chaire_. See
CHAIR.]