CARVE, kärv, _v.t._ to cut into forms, devices, &c.: to make or shape by
cutting: to cut up (meat) into slices or pieces: to apportion or
distribute: (_Shak._) to speak with suavity.--_v.i._ to exercise the trade
of a sculptor.--_p.adj._ CARV'EN, carved.--_ns._ CARV'ER, one who carves: a
sculptor: a carving-knife; CARV'ING, the act or art of carving, a branch of
sculpture usually performed on wood or ivory: the device or figure carved:
the act or art of cutting up meat at table.--CARVE OUT, to hew out: to gain
by one's exertions.--CUT AND CARVE, to refine. [A. S. _ceorfan_, to cut;
Dut. _kerven_; Ger. _kerben_, to notch.]
CARVEL, kär'vel, _n._ older form of CARAVEL.--_adj._ CAR'VEL-BUILT, as
distinguished from _clinker-built_ (q.v. under CLINK).
CARVY, kär'vi', _n._ Scotch form of CARAWAY.
CARYATID, kar-i-at'id, _n._ a female figure used instead of a column to
support an entablature:--_pl._ CARYAT'IDES.--_adjs._ CARYAT'IC,
CARYAT'IDAL, CARYATID[=E]'AN, CARYATID'IC. [Gr. _Karyatides_.]
CARYOPHYLLACEOUS, kar-i-[=o]-fi-l[=a]'shi-us, _adj._ belonging to the
natural order _Caryophyllaceæ_;, applied esp. to flowers having five petals
with long claws, as in the clove-pink. [Gr. _karyophyllon_, the
clove-pink.]
CASCABEL, kas'ka-bel, _n._ the whole rear part behind the base-ring of a
cannon. [Sp.]
CASCADE, kas-k[=a]d', _n._ a waterfall: a trimming of lace or other
material in a loose wavy fall.--_v.i._ to fall in cascades. [Fr.,--It.--L.
_cad[)e]re_, to fall.]
CASCARA, kas'ka-ra, _n._ the _Cascara sagrada_, a Californian bark used as
a tonic aperient: the _Cascara amarga_, a bitter Honduras bark.--_n._
CASCARILL'A, the aromatic bitter bark of the West Indian _Croton
Eleuteria_. [Sp.]
CASCO, kas'k[=o], _n._ a form of boat used at Manila for lading and
unlading ships.
CASE, k[=a]s, _n._ a covering, box, or sheath: a set: an outer coating for
walls: in bookbinding, the boards and back, separate from the book: the
frame in which a compositor has his types before him while at work.--_v.t._
to supply with a case.--_n._ CASE'-BOTT'LE, a bottle made to fit into a
case with others.--_v.t._ CASE'-HARD'EN, to convert the surface of certain
kinds of malleable iron goods into steel, thereby making them harder, less
liable to rust, and capable of taking on a better polish.--_ns._
CASE'-HARD'ENING; CASE'-KNIFE, a large knife kept in a case; CASE'MAKER,
one who makes cases or covers for books; CASE'MENT, the case or frame of a
window: a window that opens on hinges: a hollow moulding.--_adj._
CASE'MENTED, having casements.--_ns._ CASE'-SHOT, canister-shot, an
artillery projectile for use at close quarters; CASE'-WORM, the caddice;
CAS'ING, the act of the verb CASE: an outside covering of any kind, as of
boards, plaster, &c. [O. Fr. _casse_--L. _capsa_--_cap[)e]re_, to take.]
CASE, k[=a]s, _n._ that which falls or happens, event: particular state or
condition--'in good case' = well off: subject of question or inquiry: an
instance of disease: a person under medical treatment: a legal statement of
facts: (_gram._) the inflection of nouns, &c.--CASE OF CONSCIENCE (see
CONSCIENCE).--IN ANY CASE, at all events: at any rate; IN CASE, in the
event that; IN CASE TO, in fit condition for; MAKE OUT ONE'S CASE, to give
good reasons for one's statements or position; PUT THE CASE, to suppose an
instance: to take for example; THE CASE, the fact, the reality. [O. Fr.
_cas_--L. _casus_, from _cad[)e]re_, to fall.]
CASEIN, CASEINE, k[=a]'s[=e]-in, _n._ an organic substance, contained in
milk and cheese.--_adjs._ C[=A]'S[=E]IC; C[=A]'S[=E]OUS, pertaining to
cheese. [Fr.,--L. _caseus_, cheese.]
CASEMATE, k[=a]s'm[=a]t, _n._ any bomb-proof vaulted chamber, even when
merely used as quarters for the garrison: (_orig._) a loopholed gallery,
from which the garrison of a fort could fire upon an enemy who had obtained
possession of the ditch.--_adj._ CASE'MATED. [Fr.; der. uncertain.]
CASEOUS. See CASEIN.
CASERN, ka-s[.e]rn', _n._ a lodging for troops in a town: a barrack.
[Fr.,--Sp. _caserna_--_casa_, a house.]
CASH, kash, _n._ coin or money: ready money.--_v.t._ to turn into or
exchange for money: to pay money for.--_ns._ CASH'-ACCOUNT', an account to
which nothing is carried but cash: a form of account with a bank, by which
a person is entitled to draw out sums as required by way of loan to a
stipulated amount--also called CASH'-CRED'IT; CASH'-BOOK, a book in which
an account is kept of the receipts and disbursements of money; CASHIER', a
cash-keeper: one who has charge of the receiving and paying of money;
CASH'-PAY'MENT, payment in ready money; CASH'-RAIL'WAY, a mechanical device
adopted in large shops and warehouses for the interchange of cash between
the counters and the cash-desk.--HARD CASH, ready money; OUT OF CASH, or IN
CASH, without or with money: out of, or in, pocket. [A doublet of CASE, a
box--O. Fr. _casse_, a box.]
CASHEW, ka-sh[=oo]', _n._ a spreading tree of no great height, in both the
East and West Indies, the fruit of which is a kidney-shaped nut at the end
of a pear-shaped fleshy stalk, the kernel of this nut and the fleshy stalk
(called the CASHEW'-APP'LE) being both used as food. [Fr.
_acajou_--Brazilian _acajoba_.]
CASHIER, kash-[=e]r', _v.t._ to dismiss from a post in disgrace: to discard
or put away: to annul.--_ns._ CASHIER'ER, one who cashiers; CASHIER'ING, a
punishment for officers in the army and navy, severer than dismissal,
inasmuch as it disqualifies from entering the public service in any
capacity; CASHIER'MENT, dismissal. [Dut. _casseren_, to cashier--L.
_cass[=a]re_, _cassus_, void, empty.]
CASHMERE, kash'm[=e]r, _n._ a rich kind of shawl made from the _Cashmere_
goat: any similar shawl.
CASINO, kas-[=e]'n[=o], _n._ a room for public dancing: a card-game. [It.;
from L. _casa_, a cottage.]
CASK, kask, _n._ a hollow round vessel for holding liquor, made of staves
bound with hoops: a measure of capacity: (_obs._) a casque,--_v.t._ to put
in a cask. [Fr. _casque_--Sp. _casco_, skull, helmet, cask.]
CASKET, kask'et, _n._ a little cask or case: a small case for holding
jewels, &c.: (_U.S._) a coffin. [Ety. uncertain; hardly a dim. of CASK.]
CASQUE, CASK, kask, _n._ a cover for the head: a helmet. [A doublet of
CASK.]
CASSANDRA, kas-an'dra, _n._ a daughter of Priam, king of Troy, beloved by
Apollo, who gave her the gift of prophecy, but not of being believed--hence
any one who takes gloomy views of the political or social future.
CASSAREEP, kas'a-r[=e]p, _n._ a sauce or condiment made from the juice of
the cassava, the chief ingredient in the West Indian pepper-pot.
CASSATION, kas-s[=a]'shun, _n._ the act of making null or void: (_French
law_) the act of annulling the decision of a court or judicial
tribunal--hence COURT OF CASSATION, the supreme tribunal. [Low L.
_cassation-em_--_cass[=a]re_, to bring to nought.]
CASSAVA, kas-sä'va, _n._ the West Indian name of the manioc, and the starch
produced from it, called Brazilian Arrowroot, or Tapioca.
CASSEROLE, kas'e-r[=o]l, _n._ a stew-pan: the outer part of several dressed
dishes. [Fr.]
CASSIA, kash'ya, _n._ a coarser kind of cinnamon--also CASS'IA-BARK: the
tree which yields the foregoing: a fragrant plant mentioned in Ps. xlv. 8
(Heb. _qeçî'ôth_, prob. the Ind. _orris_ or _costus_): a genus of shrubs of
the bean family (_Leguminosæ_), the leaves of several species yielding
senna, while the drug known as cassia fistula or purging cassia is derived
from the pod of _Cassia fistula_, the bark of which is used in tanning. [L.
_casia_--Gr. _kasia_--Heb.]
CASSIMERE, kas-i-m[=e]r', _n._ a twilled cloth of the finest wools.--Also
KERSEYMERE'. [Corr. of CASHMERE.]