CAPUCHE, ka-p[=u]sh', _n._ a hood, esp. that worn by the _Capuchins_.--_n._
CAPUCHIN, (kap'[=u]-chin or kap-[=oo]-sh[=e]n'), a Franciscan monk, so
called from the hood he wears: a hooded pigeon. [Fr. _capucin_, It.
_cappucino_, a small cowl--Low L. _cappa_. See CAP, CAPE.]
CAPUL. See CAPLE.
CAPUT, käp'ut, _n._ a head.--CAPUT MORTUUM, the residuum after
distillation: worthless residue.
CAPYBARA, kap-i-bär'a, _n._ the largest of rodent quadrupeds, native to
South America, allied to the guinea-pig. [Brazilian.]
CAR (old form CARR), kär, _n._ a vehicle moved on wheels, applied to very
various forms--a large and splendid vehicle, as a triumphal car, a funeral
car, the two-wheeled Irish jaunting-car; in Birmingham, a four-wheeled cab,
as opposed to a hansom (cab); in America, applied to all vehicles for
railway travelling, as passenger-car, palace-car, freight-car, &c.; in
England, applied only to the carriages of street tramways: a railway
carriage: (_poet._) a chariot: the part of a balloon in which the aeronauts
sit.--_n._ CAR'MAN, a man who drives a car or cart: a carter. [O. Fr.
_car_--Low L. _carra_, _carrus_, itself a Celt. word, seen in Ir. _carr_,
Bret. _karr_.]
CARABINE. Sec CARBINE.
CARACAL, kar'a-kal, _n._ the Persian lynx. [Fr., prob. Turk. _qara_,
_qulaq_, black ear.]
CARACARA, kar-a-kar'a, _n._ a popular name for the South American
_Polyborinæ_, a sub-family of _Falconidæ_, resembling the vultures. [Imit.]
CARACK. See CARRACK.
CARACOLE, kar'a-k[=o]l, _n._ the half-turn or wheel made by a horseman: a
winding stair.--_v.i._ to turn half-round, as cavalry in wheeling: to
prance about.--_p.adj._ CAR'ACOLING. [Fr. _caracole_--It. _caracollo_--Sp.
_caracol_, the spiral shell of a snail.]
CARACT, kar'akt, _n._ mark: sign: character (q.v.).
CARAFE, ka-raf', _n._ a water-bottle for the table, [Fr. _carafe_, prob.
from Ar. _gharafa_, to draw water.]
CARAMBOLA, ka-ram'b[=o]-la, _n._ the acrid pulpy fruit of a small East
Indian tree, used for tarts, &c.: the tree itself.
CARAMBOLE. See CAROM.
CARAMEL, kar'a-mel, _n._ a dark-brown substance produced by the action of
heat on sugar, used in colouring whisky, wines, &c.: a kind of confection,
usually of chocolate, sugar, and butter.--Also CAR'OMEL. [Fr.--Sp.
_caramelo_; further origin dubious.]
CARAPA, kar'a-pa, _n._ a genus of tropical trees of natural order
_Meliaceæ_, a South American species yielding the useful carap-oil or
crab-oil. [_Caraipi_, the native Guiana name.]
CARAPACE, kar'a-p[=a]s, _n._ the shell of the crab, tortoise, &c.--_adj._
CARAP[=A]'CIAL. [Fr.--Sp. _carapacho_.]
CARAT, kar'at, _n._ a weight of 4 grains: a proportional measure of 1/24 in
stating the fineness of gold. [Fr.,--Ar. _q[=i]r[=a]t_, perh. from Gr.
_keration_, a seed or bean used as a weight.]
CARAUNA, ka-raw'na, _n._ an aromatic resinous substance yielded by a tree
on the Amazon, formerly used in plasters.--Also CARAN'NA.
CARAVAN, kar'a-van, _n._ a company of travellers associated together for
security in crossing the deserts in the East: a company of people: a large
close carriage, or any kind of house on wheels.--_ns._ CARAVANEER', the
leader of a caravan; CARAVAN'SARY, CARAVAN'SERA, a kind of unfurnished inn
where caravans stop. [Pers. _k[=a]rw[=a]nsar[=a][=i]_--_k[=a]rw[=a]n_,
caravan, _sar[=a]i_, inn.]
CARAVEL, kar'av-el, _n._ a kind of light sailing-vessel. [Fr.,--It.
_caravelia_; cf. Low L. _carabus_, Gr. _karabos_, a bark.]
CARAWAY, kar'a-w[=a], _n._ a plant with aromatic seeds, used as a tonic and
condiment.--_n._ CAR'AWAY-SEED. [Prob. through Sp. from Ar. _karwiy[=a]_;
cf. Gr. _karon_.]
CARBAZOTIC, kar-b[=a]-zot'ik, _adj._ consisting of carbon and azote.
CARBIDE. See CARBON.
CARBINE, kär'b[=i]n, _n._ a short light musket--also CAR'ABINE.--_ns._
CARBINEER', CARABINEER', a soldier armed with a carbine. [Fr. _carabine_,
O. Fr. _calabrin_, a carbineer--_calabre_, a machine for casting
stones--Low L. _chadabula_, Gr. _katabol[=e]_, overthrow. Thus Diez; Littré
thinks _calabrin_ from Calabrian.]
CARBOLIC ACID, kar-bol'ik as'id, _n._ an acid produced from coal-tar, used
as a disinfectant. [L. _carbo_, coal.]
CARBON, kär'bon, _n._ an elementary substance, widely diffused, of which
pure charcoal is an example.--_n._ CAR'BIDE, a compound of carbon with a
metal, formerly called CAR'BURET.--_adjs._ CARBON[=A]'CEOUS, CARBON'IC,
pertaining to or composed of carbon.--_n._ CAR'BONATE, a salt formed by the
union of carbonic acid with a base.--_adjs._ CAR'BONATED, combined or
impregnated with carbonic acid; CARBONIF'EROUS, producing carbon or
coal.--_n._ CARBONIS[=A]'TION--_v.t._ CAR'BONISE, to make into
carbon.--CARBONIC ACID, an acid formed of carbon and oxygen, generally
gaseous, and evolved by respiration and combustion. [Fr. _carbone_--L.
_carbon-em_, coal.]
CARBONADO, kär-bon-[=a]'do, _n._ (_obs._) a piece of meat cut crossways for
broiling on coals.--_v.t._ to cut crossways for broiling: to slash. [Sp.
_carbonada_.]
CARBONARI, kär-bon-är'i, _n.pl._ members of a secret society in Italy at
the beginning of this century, founded to help forward a republican
government.--_n._ CARBONAR'ISM. [It., lit. 'charcoal burners.']
CARBOY, kar'boi, _n._ a large bottle of green or blue glass, protected with
a frame of basket-work or wood, used for holding sulphuric acid or the
like. [Pers. _qar[=a]bah_.]
CARBUNCLE, kär'bung-kl, _n._ a fiery-red precious stone: an inflamed ulcer:
a pimple on the nose.--_adjs._ CAR'BUNCLED, set with the gem carbuncle;
afflicted with carbuncles: having red inflamed spots; CARBUN'CULAR,
belonging to or like a carbuncle: red: inflamed. [L. _carbunculus_, dim. of
_carbo_, a coal.]
CARBURET, same as CARBIDE (q.v. under CARBON).--_adj._ CAR'BURETTED.--_n._
CARBURET'TER, or CARBURET'TOR, an apparatus for charging gases with carbon.
CARCAJOU, kär'ka-j[=oo], _n._ the American wolverine.
CARCAKE, kar'k[=a]k, _n._ a kind of cake for Shrove Tuesday. [Scot.--A.S.
_caru_, grief, and CAKE.]
CARCANET, kär'ka-net, _n._ a collar of jewels. [_Carcan_, an obsolete word
for an iron collar used for punishment--Low L. _carcannum_, from Teut.]
CARCASS, CARCASE, kär'kas, _n._ a dead body or corpse, no longer used of
the human body: the framework of anything: a ruin: a kind of bombshell.
[Fr. _carcasse_, a skeleton (It. _carcasso_, a quiver), prob. from Late Gr.
_tarkasion_, which is perh. the Pers. _tarkash_, a quiver.]
CARCINOLOGY, kär-si-nol'[=o]-ji, _n._ that department of zoology which
treats of crabs and other crustaceans.--_adj._ CARCINOLOG'ICAL.--_n._
CARCINOL'OGIST. [Gr. _karkinos_, a crab, _logia-legein_, to speak.]
CARCINOMA, kar-si-n[=o]ma, _n._ a cancer (see CANCER).--_adj._
CARCIN[=O]'MATOUS.--_n._ CARCIN[=O]'SIS, the growth and development of
cancer. [Gr.]
CARD, kärd, _n._ a piece of pasteboard marked with figures for playing a
game, or with a person's address upon it: a note.--_ns._ CARD'-BOARD, a
stiff, finely finished pasteboard; CARD'-CASE, a case for carrying
visiting-cards; CARD'-SHARP'ER, one who cheats at cards; CARD'-T[=A]'BLE, a
table for playing cards on.--A KNOWING CARD (_slang_), one who is wide
awake; A SURE CARD, an undertaking which will be sure to succeed.--HAVE THE
CARDS IN ONE'S HANDS, to have everything under one's control; HOUSE OF
CARDS, something flimsy or unsubstantial; ON THE CARDS, likely to turn up;
PLAY ONE'S CARDS WELL, or BADLY, to make, or not to make, the best of one's
chances; SHOW ONE'S CARDS, to expose one's secrets or designs; SPEAK BY THE
CARD, to speak with elegance and to the point; THROW UP THE CARDS, to give
in: to confess defeat. [Fr. _carte_--L. _charta_, Gr. _chart[=e]s_, paper.
CARTE is a doublet.]
CARD, kärd, _n._ an instrument for combing wool or flax.--_v.t._ to comb
wool, &c.--_n._ CARD'ER, one who has to do with carding wool. [Fr.
_carde_--L. _carduus_, a thistle.]
CARDAMINE, kär'da-m[=i]n, _n._ a genus of cress, including the
cuckoo-flower or lady's smock, &c. [Gr. _kardamin[=e]_--_kardamon_, cress.]
CARDAMOM, kär'da-mom, _n._ the capsules of certain tropical plants, which
form an aromatic, pungent spice. [L. _cardamomum_--Gr. _kardam[=o]mon_.]
CARDECU, kar'de-k[=u], _n._ (_obs._) an old French silver coin. [Fr. _quart
d'écu_, quarter of a crown.]
CARDIAC, kär'di-ak, _adj._ belonging to the heart: cordial, reviving--also
CARDIAC'AL.--_ns._ CAR'DIAC, a disease of the heart: a cordial; CAR'DIALGY,
CARDIAL'GIA, an uneasy sensation or burning pain at the upper orifice of
the stomach, apparently at the heart--hence called heartburn; CAR'DIOGRAPH,
an apparatus for recording by a tracing--CAR'DIOGRAM--the movements of the
heart; CAR'DIOID, a geometrical curve, so called from its heart-like form;
CARD[=I]T'IS, inflammation of the heart. [L.--Gr. _kardiakos_--_kardia_,
the heart.]
CARDIGAN, kar'de-gan, _n._ a knitted woollen jacket, named from the Crimean
hero, the Earl of _Cardigan_ (1797-1868).
CARDINAL, kär'din-al, _adj._ denoting that on which a thing hinges or
depends: principal; of a deep scarlet colour, like a cardinal's
cassock.--_n._ one of the seventy princes of the church constituting the
sacred college at Rome, to whom pertains the right of electing a new pope:
a short cloak, formerly worn by ladies.--_ns._ CAR'DINALATE, CAR'DINALSHIP,
the office or dignity of a cardinal; CAR'DINAL-BIRD, a species of grosbeak,
one of the finest song-birds of America, probably so called from its red
plumage.--_adv._ CAR'DINALLY, fundamentally: (_Shak._, _Measure for
Measure_, II. i. 81) carnally.--CARDINAL FLOWER (see LOBELIA); CARDINAL
NUMBERS, numbers expressing how many; CARDINAL POINTS, the four chief
points of the compass--north, south, east, and west; CARDINAL VIRTUES,
justice, prudence, temperance, fortitude, so called because the whole of
human nature was supposed to hinge or turn upon them--the _natural_ as
distinguished from the _theological_ virtues. [Fr.--L.
_cardinalis_--_cardo_, _cardinis_, a hinge.]
CARDOON, kar-d[=oo]n', _n._ a perennial plant, the prickly artichoke of the
Mediterranean region.--Also CHARDOON'. [O. Fr.,--L. _carduus_, a thistle.]
CARDUUS, kar'd[=u]-us, _n._ (_Shak._) a thistle.--_n._ CARD[=O]'PHAGUS, a
thistle-eater, a donkey. [L.,--Gr. _kardos_, thistle; _phagos_, eater.]
CARE, k[=a]r, _n._ anxiety, heedfulness: charge, oversight: the object of
anxiety.--_v.i._ to be anxious: to be inclined: to have regard.--_adjs._
CARE'-CRAZED (_Shak._), crazed or broken with care and solicitude;
CARE'FUL, full of care: heedful: (_B._) anxious: (_Spens._)
dreadful.--_adv._ CARE'FULLY.--_n._ CARE'FULNESS.--_adj._ CARE'LESS,
without care: heedless, unconcerned.--_ns._ CARE'LESSNESS; CARE'-TAK'ER,
one put in charge of anything, esp. of an Irish farm from which a tenant
has been evicted.--_adj._ CARE'WORN, worn or vexed with care.--TAKE CARE,
to be careful or cautious; TAKE CARE OF, to look after with care. [A.S.
_caru_; Goth. _kara_, sorrow; Ice. _kæra_, to lament; Celt. _car_, care;
allied to L. _carus_, dear.]
CAREEN, ka-r[=e]n', _v.t._ to lay a ship on her side to repair her bottom
and keel.--_v.i._ of a ship, to move with an inclination to one side.--_n._
the position of a ship laid on one side.--_n._ CAREEN'AGE, a place where
ships are careened: the cost of careening. [Fr. _carène_--L. _carina_, the
bottom of a ship, the keel.]
CAREER, ka-r[=e]r', _n._ a racecourse: a race: course of action: manner of
life; _v.i._ to gallop: to move or run rapidly. [Fr. _carrière_, a
racecourse. See CAR.]