BODGE, boj, _v.i._ to make bad work, to fail.--_n._ BODG'ER, a botcher, a
pedlar. [A form of BOTCH.]
BODICE, bod'is, _n._ a woman's outer garment covering the waist and bust:
the close-fitting waist or body of a woman's gown.
BODIKIN, bod'i-kin, _n._ a form of an oath, ''Od's bodikins' = God's little
body.
BODKIN, bod'kin, _n._ a small dagger: a small instrument for pricking holes
or for dressing the hair: a large blunt needle.--TO SIT, or RIDE, BODKIN,
to be wedged in tight between two others. [Prob. conn. with W. _bidog_, a
dagger.]
BODLE, bod'l, _n._ a Scotch copper coin, equal to about one-sixth of an
English penny, the smallest coin. [Said to be named from a mint-master, one
_Bothwell_.]
BODRAGES, bod'r[=a]-jiz, _n.pl._ (_Spens._) a hostile attack, a raid. [Ir.
_buaidhreadh_, a disturbance.]
BODY, bod'i, _n._ the whole frame of a man or lower animal: the main part
of an animal, as distinguished from the limbs: the main or middle part of
anything: matter, as opposed to spirit: substance or substantial quality: a
mass: a person: a number of persons united by some common tie.--_v.t._ to
give form to: to embody:--_pr.p._ bod'ying; _pa.p._ bod'ied.--_adj._
BOD'ILESS, without a body: incorporeal.--_adv._ BOD'ILY, relating to the
body, esp. as opposed to the mind.--_ns._ BOD'Y-COL'OUR, a term applied to
paints to express their degree of consistence, substance, and tingeing
power; BOD'Y-CUR'ER (_Shak._), a doctor; BOD'YGUARD, a guard to protect the
person, esp. of the sovereign; BOD'Y-POL'ITIC, the collective body of the
people in its political capacity; BOD'Y SERV'ANT, a personal attendant;
BOD'Y-SNATCH'ER, one who secretly disinters the bodies of the dead for the
purposes of dissection. [A.S. _bodig_, of dubious origin.]
BOEOTIAN, be-[=o]'shyan, _adj._ pertaining to _Boeotia_ in Greece, noted
for the dullness of its inhabitants--hence stupid, dull.
BOER, b[=oo]r, _n._ a Dutch colonist at the Cape engaged in agriculture.
[Dut. _boer_. See BOOR.]
BOG, bog, _n._ soft ground: a marsh or quagmire.--_v.t._ to sink or to
entangle.--_n._ BOG'-BUTT'ER, a mineral substance, resembling butter, found
in Irish bogs.--_adj._ BOGG'Y.--_ns._ BOG'LET, BOG'LAND; BOG'-MOSS, a genus
of moss plants; BOG'-OAK, trunks of oak embedded in bogs and preserved from
decay--of a deep black colour, often used for making ornaments; BOG'-ORE, a
kind of iron ore found in boggy land; BOG'-SPAV'IN, a lesion of the
hock-joint of the horse, consisting in distension of the capsule enclosing
the joint, usually arising suddenly from a sprain in action; BOG'-TROT'TER,
one who lives in a boggy country, hence an Irishman. [Ir. _bogach_; Gael.
_bog_, soft.]
BOGGARD, BOGGART. See BOGLE.
BOGGLE, bog'l, _v.i._ to stop or hesitate as if at a bogle: to start with
fright: to make difficulties about a thing: to equivocate.--_n._ a scruple,
objection: a bungle.--_n._ BOGG'LER, one who boggles: a doubter: (_Shak._)
one who starts from the right path. [See BOGLE.]
BOGIE, BOGEY, b[=o]g'i, _n._ a low truck on four wheels, so constructed as
to turn easily, a trolly: a revolving under-carriage, as in a locomotive
engine. [Ety. unknown; perh. conn. with BOGY, a fiend.]
BOGLE, b[=o]g'l, _n._ a spectre or goblin: a scarecrow: a bugbear, or
source of terror--also BOGG'LE.--BOGG'ARD is a common form in the North
country. [Scot. _bogle_, a ghost; W. _bwg_, a goblin. See BUG.]
BOGUS, b[=o]'gus, _adj._ counterfeit, spurious. [An American cant word, of
very doubtful origin--it may possibly be ult. related to BOGY.]
BOGY, BOGEY, b[=o]g'i, _n._ a goblin: a bugbear or special object of dread,
the devil.--_n._ BOG'YISM. [A form of BOGGLE and BOGGARD.]
BOHEA, bo-h[=e]', _n._ the lowest quality of black tea: tea generally.
[Chin.]
BOHEMIAN, bo-h[=e]'mi-an, _n._ and _adj._ applied to persons of loose or
irregular habits: an artist or man of letters, or indeed any one, who sets
social conventionalities aside.--_n._ BOH[=E]'MIANISM. [Fr. _bohémien_, a
gipsy, from the belief that these wanderers came from _Bohemia_.]
BOIAR. Same as BOYAR.
BOIL, boil, _v.i._ to bubble up from the action of heat: to be hot: to be
excited or agitated.--_v.t._ to heat to a boiling state: to cook or dress
by boiling.--_ns._ BOIL'ER, one who boils: that in which anything is
boiled: a vessel in which steam, usually for a steam-engine, is generated:
a vessel for heating water for baths, &c.; BOIL'ING, the bubbling up of any
liquid by the application of heat: the act of dressing food by boiling
water.--_adj._ bubbling: swelling with heat or passion.--_n._
BOIL'ING-POINT, the temperature at which liquids begin to boil under
heat.--TO BOIL DOWN, to reduce in bulk by boiling, to extract the substance
of, to epitomise; TO BOIL OVER, to bubble over the sides of the containing
vessel, to break out into unrestrained indignation. [O. Fr. _boillir_--L.
_bull[=i]re_--_bulla_, a bubble.]
BOIL, boil, _n._ an inflamed swelling or tumour. [A.S. _býl_; Ger.
_beule_.]
BOISTEROUS, bois't[.e]r-us, _adj._ wild: noisy: turbulent: stormy.--_adv._
BOIS'TEROUSLY.--_n._ BOIS'TEROUSNESS. [M. E. _boistous_, approximating, but
not in sense, to the O. Fr. _boisteus_, whence modern _boiteux_, lame. The
Celtic words throw no light upon its origin.]
BOLAS, b[=o]'las, _n._ missiles used by the South American _gauchos_,
consisting of balls or stones strung together, swung round the head and
hurled, usually so as to entangle the legs of an animal running. [Sp.]
BOLD, b[=o]ld, _adj._ daring or courageous: forward or impudent:
presumptuous: executed with spirit: striking to the sight, well marked:
steep or abrupt.--_v.t._ BOLD'EN (_obs._), to make bold.--_adj._
BOLD'FACED, impudent.--_adv._ BOLD'LY.--_n._ BOLD'NESS.--TO MAKE BOLD, to
take the liberty, to make free. [A.S. _bald_; Old High Ger. _bald_, Ice.
_ballr_.]
BOLE, b[=o]l, _n._ the round stem or body of a tree. [Scand. _bolr_; Ger.
_bohle_, a plank.]
BOLE, b[=o]l, _n._ an earthy mineral resembling clay in structure, and
consisting essentially of silica, alumina, red oxide of iron, and water;
the bole of Lemnos, _Lemnian Earth_, is red in colour, and was once used as
a tonic and astringent medicine. [Gr. _b[=o]los_, a clod.]
BOLE, b[=o]l, _n._ a recess in a wall: an opening to admit light and air.
[Scot.; origin unknown.]
BOLERO, bo-l[=a]'ro, or bo-l[=e]'ro, _n._ Spanish national dance: also the
air to which it is danced. [Sp.]
BOLETUS, bol-[=e]'tus, _n._ a genus of fungi, having a pore-like surface
occupying the place of gills. [Gr. _b[=o]lit[=e]s_, mushroom.]
BOLIDE, bol'[=i]d, _n._ a large meteor or fireball. [Fr.--L. _bolid-em_,
_bolis_--Gr. _bolis_, _ballein_, to throw.]
BOLIN, an obsolete form of BOWLINE.
BOLL, b[=o]l, _n._ one of the round heads or seed-vessels of flax, poppy,
&c.: a pod or capsule.--_p.adjs._ BOLLED (b[=o]ld), swollen, podded; BOLLEN
(b[=o]ln), swollen (_Shak._). [A form of BOWL; A.S. _bolla_.]
BOLL, b[=o]l, _n._ a measure of capacity for grain, &c., used in Scotland
and the north of England--in Scotland = 6 imperial bushels; in England,
varying from 2 to 6 bushels: also a measure of weight, containing, for
flour, 140 lb. [Scot. _bow_; prob. a Scand. word; cf. Ice. _bolli_.]
BOLLANDIST, bol'an-dist, _n._ one of the Jesuit writers who continued the
_Acta Sanctorum_ (q.v.), begun by John _Bolland_ (1596-1665).
BOLLARD, bol'ard, _n._ a post on a wharf to which vessels are secured: a
thick piece of wood on the forepart of a whale-boat, round which the line
is turned when a whale is harpooned. [Prob. BOLE.]
BOLOGNA, bol-[=o]n'ya, _adj._ from a town of Italy, which gives its name to
Bologna phial, Bologna phosphorus, and Bologna or 'Polony'
sausages.--_adj_. BOLOGN'ESE.
BOLOMETER, b[=o]-lom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring minute
amounts of radiant heat. [Gr. _bol[=e]_, ray (_ballein_, to throw),
_metron_, a measure.]
BOLSTER, b[=o]l'st[.e]r, _n._ a long round pillow or cushion: a pad:
anything resembling it in form or use, esp. any piece of mechanism
affording a support against pressure.--_v.t._ to support with a bolster: to
hold up.--_p.adj._ BOL'STERED, supported: swelled out.--_n._ BOL'STERING, a
propping up or supporting. [A.S. _bolster_; from root of BOWL.]
BOLT, b[=o]lt, _n._ a bar or pin used to fasten a door, &c.: an arrow: a
thunderbolt, as in 'a bolt from the blue.'--_v.t._ to fasten with a bolt:
to throw or utter precipitately: to expel suddenly: to swallow
hastily.--_v.i._ to rush away (like a bolt from a bow): to start up:
(_U.S._) to break away from one's political party.--_ns._ BOLT'-HEAD, the
head of a bolt: a chemical flask; BOLT'-ROPE, a rope sewed all round the
edge of a sail to prevent it from tearing; BOLT'SPRIT (same as
BOWSPRIT).--_adv._ BOLT'-UP'RIGHT, upright and straight as a bolt or
arrow.--_n._ BOLT'-UP'RIGHTNESS. [A.S. _bolt_; Old High Ger. _bolz_.]
BOLT, b[=o]lt, _v.t._ (better spelling, BOULT), to sift, to separate the
bran from, as flour: to examine by sifting: to sift through coarse
cloth.--_ns._ BOLT'ER, a sieve: a machine for separating bran from flour;
BOLT'ING, the process by which anything is bolted or sifted;
BOLT'ING-HUTCH, a hutch or large box into which flour falls when it is
bolted. [O. Fr. _bulter_, or _buleter_ = _bureter_, from _bure_--Low L.
_burra_, a coarse reddish-brown cloth--Gr. _pyrros_, reddish.]
BOLUS, b[=o]'lus, _n._ a rounded mass of anything: a large pill. [L.
_bolus_--Gr. _b[=o]los_, a lump.]
BOMB, bom, or bum, _n._ a hollow projectile, usually of cast-iron, fired
from a mortar, filled with gunpowder and fitted with a time-fuse: any
similar missile or case of explosives, as a dynamite bomb.--_n._ BOM'BARD,
an engine or great gun for throwing bombs: (_Shak._) a barrel or large
vessel for holding liquor.--_v.t._ BOMBARD', to attack with bombs.--_ns._
BOMBARDIER', the lowest non-commissioned officer in the British artillery,
formerly a man employed about the mortars and howitzers; BOMBARD'MENT;
BOMBAR'DON, a deep-toned brass instrument, with a tube likened to a
bombard.--_adj._ BOMB'-PROOF, proof or secure against the force of
bombs.--_ns._ BOMB'-SHELL (same as BOMB); BOMB'-VESS'EL, BOMB'-KETCH, a
vessel for carrying the mortars used in bombarding from the
sea.--BOMBARDIER BEETLE, a name given to several species of beetles, which
discharge an acrid volatile fluid with explosive force from the abdomen.
[Fr. _bombe_--L. _bombus_--Gr. _bombos_, a humming sound--an imitative
word.]
BOMBASINE, BOMBAZINE, bom'-, bum-ba-z[=e]n', _n._ a twilled or corded
fabric of silk and worsted, or of cotton and worsted.--_n._ BOM'BAX, a
genus of silk-cotton trees, native to tropical America. [Fr.
_bombasin_--Low L. _bombasinum_--Gr. _bombyx_, silk.]
BOMBAST, bom'-, bum'bast, _n._ inflated or high-sounding language:
originally cotton or any soft material used for stuffing garments.--_adj._
BOMBAS'TIC, high-sounding: inflated. [Low L. _bombax_, cotton--Gr.
_bombyx_, silk.]
BOMBAX. See BOMBASINE.
BOMBAY-DUCK, bom-b[=a]'-duk, _n._ a fish of the family Scopelidæ, nearly
allied to the salmon and trout family, which is salted, dried, and eaten as
a relish.