ANTI-ATTRITION, an'ti-at-trish'on, _n._ anything which counteracts
attrition or friction--also figuratively. [Pfx. ANTI- and ATTRITION.]
ANTIBILIOUS, an'ti-bil'yus, _adj._ of use against biliousness. [ANTI- and
BILIOUS.]
ANTIBURGHER, an-ti-burg'[.e]r, _n._ that section of the Scottish Secession
Church which parted from the main body (the _Burghers_) in 1747, holding it
unlawful to take the oath administered to burgesses in Edinburgh, Glasgow,
and Perth, because of the reference to 'the true religion presently
professed within this realm.' They read into it an allusion to the Church
as by law established, while others interpreted it as signifying simply the
Protestant religion. [ANTI- and BURGHER.]
ANTIC, ant'ik, _adj._ grotesque: odd: ridiculous in shape, dress, &c.--_n._
a fantastic or ancient figure, caricaturing or combining grotesquely animal
or vegetable forms, or both together: (_Shak._) a grotesque pageant: a
buffoon, clown, mountebank: a trick, mostly in _pl._--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to
make grotesque.--_v.i._ AN'TICIZE (_Browning_), to play antics. [It.
_antico_, equivalent to It. _grottesco_, and orig. used of the fantastic
decorations composed of human and other forms found in the remains of
ancient Rome--L. _antiquus_.]
ANTICATHOLIC, an-ti-kath'o-lik, _adj._ opposed to what is Catholic. [ANTI-
and CATHOLIC.]
ANTICHLOR, an'ti-kl[=o]r, _n._ a substance used in the making of paper to
free the pulp from the injurious after-effects of chlorine. [ANTI- and
CHLOR-INE.]
ANTICHRIST, an'ti-kr[=i]st, _n._ the great opposer of Christ and
Christianity: the name of a great enemy of Christ always expected to appear
by the early Church, applied by some to the Pope and his power.--_adj._
ANTICHRISTIAN (-krist'-), relating to Antichrist: opposed to
Christianity.--_n._ ANTICHRIST'IANISM.--_adv._ ANTICHRIST'IANLY. [Gr.;
_anti_, against, and _Christ-os_.]
ANTICIPATE, an-tis'ip-[=a]t, _v.t._ to be beforehand with (another person
or thing), to forestall or preoccupy: to take in hand, or consider, before
the due time: to foresee: realise beforehand, or count upon as certain: to
expect.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to accelerate: to occur earlier than.--_adj._
and _n._ ANTIC'IPANT, anticipating, anticipative.--_n._ ANTICIP[=A]'TION,
act of anticipating: assignment to too early a time: foretaste: previous
notion, or presentiment: expectation.--_adjs._ ANTI'CIP[=A]TIVE,
ANTI'CIP[=A]TORY.--_advs._ ANTICIP[=A]'TIVELY, ANTICIP[=A]'TORILY (_rare_).
[L. _anticip[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_[=a]nte_, before, _cap-[)e]re_, to take.]
ANTICIVIC, an-ti-siv'ik, _adj._ opposed to citizenship, esp. the conception
of it engendered by the French Revolution.--_n._ ANTICIV'ISM.
ANTICLIMAX, an-ti-kl[=i]m'aks, _n._ the opposite of climax: a sentence in
which the ideas become less important towards the close: also of any
descent as against a previous rise--e.g. Waller's
'Under the Tropicks is our language spoke,
And part of Flanders hath receiv'd our yoke.'
[Gr. _anti_, against, and CLIMAX.]
ANTICLINAL, an-ti-kl[=i]n'al, _adj._ sloping in opposite directions.--_n._
(_geol._) applied to strata which are inclined in opposite directions from
a common axis--in a roof-like form. [Gr. _anti_, against, _klin-ein_, to
lean.]
ANTICYCLONE, an-ti-s[=i]'kl[=o]n, _n._ name given to the rotatory flow of
air from an atmospheric area of high pressure.--_adj._ ANTICYCLON'IC.
[ANTI- and CYCLONE.]
ANTIDOTE, an'ti-d[=o]t, _n._ that which is given against anything that
would produce bad effects: a counter-poison: (_fig._) anything that
prevents evil (with _against_, _for_, _to_).--_adj._ AN'TIDOTAL. [Gr.
_antidotos_--_anti_, against, _did[=o]mi_, to give.]
ANTIENT. See ANCIENT.
ANTIFEBRILE, an-ti-feb'r[=i]l, _adj._ efficacious against fever.--_n._ a
substance with such properties.--Also ANTIFEBRIF'IC.
ANTI-FEDERAL, an-ti-fed'e-ral, _adj._ opposed to federalism; applied to the
U.S. party whose fundamental principle was opposition to the strengthening
of the national government at the expense of the States. Later names for
the party were Republican, Democratic Republican, and Democratic
alone.--_ns._ ANTI-FED'ERALISM; ANTI-FED'ERALIST.
ANTIFRICTION, an-ti-frik'shun, _n._ anything which prevents friction.
[ANTI- and FRICTION.]
ANTI-GALLICAN, an-ti-gal'ik-an, _adj._ and _n._ opposed to what is French:
or esp. opposed to the Gallican liberties of the French Church.--_n._
ANTI-GALL'ICANISM. [ANTI- and GALLICAN.]
ANTIGROPELOS, an-ti-gr[=o]p'el-os, _n._ waterproof leggings. [Said to be
made up from Gr. _anti_, against, _hygros_, wet, and _p[=e]los_, mud. Prob.
this barbarous word was orig. an advertisement.]
ANTIHELIX, an'ti-h[=e]-liks, _n._ the inner curved ridge of the pinna of
the ear:--_pl._ ANTIH[=E]L'ICES.--Also AN'THELIX.
ANTI-JACOBIN, an'ti-jak'o-bin, _adj._ opposed to the Jacobins, a party in
the French Revolution, hence an opponent of the French Revolution, or of
democratic principles.--_n._ one opposed to the Jacobins: a weekly paper
started in England in 1797 by Canning and others to refute the principles
of the French Revolution.--_n._ AN'TI-JAC'OBINISM. [ANTI- and JACOBIN.]
ANTILEGOMENA, an-ti-leg-om'en-a, _n.pl._ a term applied to those books of
the New Testament not at first accepted by the whole Christian Church, but
ultimately admitted into the Canon--the seven books of 2 Peter, James,
Jude, Hebrews, 2 and 3 John, and the Apocalypse.--The other books were
called _Homologoumena_, 'agreed to.' [Gr., lit. 'spoken against.']
ANTILOGARITHM, an-ti-log'a-rithm, _n._ the complement of the logarithm of a
sine, tangent, or secant. [ANTI- and LOGARITHM.]
ANTILOGY, an-til'o-ji, _n._ a contradiction. [Gr. _antilogia_,
contradiction, _antilegein_, to contradict.]
ANTIMACASSAR, an-ti-mak-as'ar, _n._ a covering for sofas, cushions, &c., to
protect them from grease, esp. in the hair, also for ornament. [ANTI- and
MACASSAR.]
ANTIMASK, ANTIMASQUE, an'ti-mask, _n._ a ridiculous interlude dividing the
parts of the more serious mask. [Gr. _anti_, against, and MASK.]
ANTIMETABOLE, an-ti-me-tab'ol-e, _n._ (_rhet._) a figure in which the same
words or ideas are repeated in inverse order, as Quarles's 'Be wisely
worldly, but not worldly wise.' [Gr.]
ANTIMETATHESIS, an'ti-me-tath'e-sis, _n._ inversion of the members of an
antithesis, as in Crabbe's 'A poem is a speaking picture; a picture, a mute
poem.' [Gr.]
ANTIMNEMONIC, an-ti-ne-mon'ik, _adj._ and _n._ tending to weaken the
memory. [ANTI- and MNEMONIC.]
ANTIMONARCHICAL, an-ti-mon-ark'i-kal, _adj._ opposed to monarchy and
monarchical principles.--_n._ ANTIMON'ARCHIST. [ANTI- and MONARCHICAL.]
ANTIMONY, an'ti-mun-i, _n._ a brittle, bluish-white metal of flaky,
crystalline texture, much used in the arts and in medicine.--_adjs._
ANTIM[=O]N'IAL, ANTIMON'IC. [Through Fr. from Low L. _antimonium_, of
unknown origin, prob. a corr. of some Arabic word.]
ANTI-NATIONAL, an-ti-nash'un-al, _adj._ hostile to one's nation.
ANTINEPHRITIC, an-ti-ne-frit'ik, _adj._ acting against diseases of the
kidney. [Gr. _anti_, against, and NEPHRITIC.]
ANTINOMIANISM, an-ti-n[=o]m'i-an-izm, _n._ the belief that Christians are
emancipated by the gospel from the obligation to keep the moral law--a
monstrous abuse and perversion of the Pauline doctrine of justification by
faith, esp. applied to the party of Johann Agricola in the German
Reformation.--_n._ and _adj._ ANTINOM'IAN, against the law: pertaining to
the Antinomians. [Gr. _anti_, against, _nomos_, a law.]
ANTINOMY, an'ti-nom-i, or an-tin'o-mi, _n._ a contradiction in a law: a
conflict of authority: conclusions discrepant though apparently
logical.--_adjs._ ANTIN[=O]'MIC, ANTIN[=O]'MICAL. [Gr. _anti_, against,
_nomos_, a law.]
ANTINOUS, an-tin'[=o]-us, _n._ an ideal of youthful manly beauty, from the
name of the favourite of the Roman emperor Hadrian so famous in ancient
art.
ANTIOCHIAN, an-ti-[=o]'ki-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to the city of
Antioch, or the eclectic system in philosophy of Antiochus of
Ascalon.--_n._ ANTI[=O]'CHIANISM, a school of theology in the 4th and 5th
centuries which spread over the whole Græco-Syrian Church, and was a revolt
against the allegorical interpretation of Scripture favoured by the
Alexandrian school.
ANTIODONTALGIC, an-ti-[=o]-dont-alj'ik, _adj._ of use against toothache.
[Gr. _anti_, against, _odous_, tooth, and _algein_, to suffer pain.]
ANTIPATHY, an-tip'ath-i, _n._ dislike: repugnance: opposition: the object
of antipathy (with _against_, _to_, _between_ of persons).--_adjs._
ANTIPATHET'IC, -AL; ANTIPATH'IC, belonging to antipathy: opposite:
contrary.--_n._ ANTIP'ATHIST, one possessed by an antipathy. [Gr. _anti_,
against, _pathos_, feeling.]
ANTIPERIODIC, an-ti-p[=e]-ri-od'ik, _adj._ destroying the periodicity of
diseases, such as ague, whose attacks recur at regular intervals: a drug
with such an effect, esp. cinchona bark and its alkaloids (quinine), and
arsenic.
ANTIPERISTALTIC, an-ti-per-i-stal'tik, _adj._ contrary to peristaltic
motion: acting upwards. [ANTI- and PERISTALTIC.]
ANTIPERISTASIS, an-ti-per-ist'a-sis, _n._ opposition of circumstances:
resistance exerted against any train of circumstances. [Gr.; _anti_,
against, and _peristasis_, a circumstance--_peri_, around, and
_hist[=e]mi_, make to stand.]
ANTIPHLOGISTIC, an-ti-floj-ist'ik, _adj._ of remedies acting against heat,
or inflammation, as blood-letting, purgatives, low diet.--_n._ a medicine
to allay inflammation. [ANTI- and PHLOGISTIC.]
ANTIPHON, an'tif-[=o]n, _n._ alternate chanting or singing: a species of
sacred song, sung by two parties, each responding to the other--also
ANTIPH'ONY.--_adj._ ANTIPH'ONAL, pertaining to antiphony.--_n._ a book of
antiphons or anthems--also ANTIPH'ONARY and ANTIPH'ONER.--_adjs._
ANTIPHON'IC, ANTIPHON'ICAL, mutually responsive.--_adv._ ANTIPHON'ICALLY.
[Gr.; _anti_, in return, and _ph[=o]n[=e]_, voice. A doublet of ANTHEM.]
ANTIPHRASIS, an-tif'ra-sis, _n._ (_rhet._) the use of words in a sense
opposite to the true one.--_adjs._ ANTIPHRAS'TIC, -AL, involving
antiphrasis: ironical.--_adv._ ANTIPHRAS'TICALLY. [Gr.; _anti_, against,
_phrasis_, speech.]
ANTIPODES, an-tip'od-[=e]z, _n.pl._ those living on the other side of the
globe, and whose feet are thus opposite to ours: the inhabitants of any two
opposite points of the globe: places on the earth's surface exactly
opposite each other, the region opposite one's own: the exact opposite of a
person or thing:--_sing._ AN'TIPODE.--_adjs._ ANTIP'ODAL,
ANTIPOD[=E]'AN.--AT ANTIPODES, in direct opposition. [Gr. _anti_, opposite
to, _pous_, _podos_, a foot.]
ANTIPOLE, an'ti-p[=o]l, _n._ the opposite pole: direct opposite. [ANTI- and
POLE.]
ANTIPOPE, an'ti-p[=o]p, _n._ a pontiff elected in opposition to one
canonically chosen, e.g. those who resided at Avignon in the 13th and 14th
centuries. [Gr. _anti_, against, and POPE.]
ANTIPOPULAR, an-ti-pop'[=u]-lar, _adj._ adverse to the people or the
popular cause. [ANTI- and POPULAR.]
ANTIPYRIN, an-ti-p[=i]'rin, _n._ a white crystalline powder, tasteless,
colourless, and soluble in water, obtained from coal-tar products by a
complex process, with valuable qualities as a febrifuge, but not as an
antiperiodic.--_adj._ ANTIPYRET'IC.
ANTIQUARY, an'ti-kwar-i, _n._ one who studies or collects old things, esp.
the monuments and relics of the past--but not very ancient things, and
rather from curiosity than archæological interest.--_adj._ (_Shak._)
ancient.--_adj._ and _n._ ANTIQU[=A]R'IAN, connected with the study of
antiquities, also one devoted to the study.--_n._ ANTIQU[=A]R'IANISM. [See
ANTIQUE.]
ANTIQUE, an-t[=e]k', _adj._ ancient: of a good old age, olden (now
generally rhetorical in a good sense): old-fashioned, after the manner of
the ancients.--_n._ anything very old: ancient relics: an American name for
a kind of type of thick and bold face in which the lines are of equal
thickness--_Egyptian_ in England.--_v.t._ AN'TIQUATE, to make antique, old,
or obsolete: to put out of use:--_pr.p._ an'tiqu[=a]ting; _pa.p._
an'tiqu[=a]ted.--_adj._ AN'TIQUATED, grown old, or out of fashion:
obsolete: superannuated.--_n._ ANTIQU[=A]'TION, the making obsolete:
abrogation: obsoleteness.--_adv._ ANTIQUE'LY.--_n._ ANTIQUE'NESS.--_adj._
ANTIQ'UISH, somewhat antique.--THE ANTIQUE, ancient work in art, the style
of ancient art. [Fr.--L. _antiquus_, old, ancient--_ante_, before.]
ANTIQUITY, an-tik'wi-ti, _n._ ancient times, esp. the times of the ancient
Greeks and Romans: great age: (_Shak._) old age, seniority: ancient style:
the people of old time: (_pl._) manners, customs, relics of ancient
times.--_n._ ANTIQUIT[=A]R'IAN, one attached to the practices and opinions
of antiquity. [Fr.--L. _antiquitat-em_--_antiquus_, ancient.]
ANTIRRHINUM, an-tir-r[=i]'num, _n._ the genus of plants to which Snapdragon
belongs. [Neo-Latin, from Gr. _anti_, opposite, and _ris_, _rinos_, nose;
from its resemblance to a beast's mouth.]
ANTISCIAN, an-tish'i-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to people living on
different sides of the equator, whose shadows at noon fall in opposite
directions.--_n.pl._ ANTIS'CI[=I]. [Gr.; _anti_, opposite, _skia_, a
shadow.]
ANTISCORBUTIC, an-ti-skor-b[=u]t'ik, _adj._ acting against scurvy.--_n._ a
remedy for scurvy. [Gr. _anti_, against, and SCORBUTIC.]
ANTISCRIPTURAL, an-ti-skrip't[=u]r-al, _adj._ opposed to Holy Scripture.
[ANTI- and SCRIPTURAL.]
ANTI-SEMITES, an'ti-sem'[=i]ts, _n.pl._ the modern opponents of the Jews in
Russia, Roumania, Hungary, and Eastern Germany.--_adj._ ANTISEMIT'IC.
ANTISEPTIC, an-ti-sept'ik, _adj._ and _n._ counteracting putrefaction and
analogous fermentive changes: preventing moral decay.--_adv._
ANTISEPT'ICALLY. [Gr. _anti_, against, and _s[=e]pein_, to rot.]
ANTISOCIAL, an-ti-s[=o]sh'al, _adj._ opposed to the principles and usages
of society. [ANTI- and SOCIAL.]
ANTISPASMODIC, an-ti-spaz-mod'ik, _adj._ opposing spasms or
convulsions.--_n._ a remedy for spasms or convulsions. [Gr. _anti_,
against, and SPASMODIC.]
ANTISPAST, an'ti-spast, _n._ in metre, a foot composed of an iambus and a
trochee.--_adj._ ANTISPAST'IC. [Gr. _antispastos_, _antispa-ein_, to draw
into a contrary direction.]
ANTISTROPHE, an-tis'tr[=o]f-e, _n._ (_poet._) the returning movement from
left to right in Greek choruses and dances, the movement of the strophe
being from right to left: the stanza of a song alternating with the
strophe: an inverse relation.--_adj._ ANTISTROPH'IC, pertaining to the
antistrophe. [Gr.; _anti_, against, and _streph-ein_, to turn.]
ANTITHEISM, an-ti-th[=e]'izm, _n._ the doctrine which denies the existence
of a God.--_n._ ANTITH[=E]'IST.--_adj._ ANTITHEIST'IC.
ANTITHESIS, an-tith'e-sis, _n._ a figure in which thoughts or words are set
in contrast: a counter-thesis, counter-proposition: opposition: the
contrast:--_pl._ ANTITH'ES[=E]S.--_n._ ANT'ITHET (_rare_), an instance of
antithesis.--_adjs._ ANTITHET'IC, -AL.--_adv._ ANTITHET'ICALLY. [Gr.;
_anti_, against, _tith[=e]mi_, to place.]
ANTITOXIN, an-ti-tok'sin, _n._ the name applied to substances present in
the blood of an animal which neutralise the action of toxins or bacterial
poisons.--_adj._ ANTITOX'IC.
ANTITRADE, an'ti-tr[=a]d, _n._ a wind that blows in the opposite direction
to the trade-wind--that is, in the northern hemisphere from south-west, and
in the southern hemisphere from north-west.
ANTITRINITARIAN, an-ti-trin-it-[=a]r'i-an, _n._ and _adj._ opposed to the
doctrine of the Trinity.--_n._ ANTITRINITAR'IANISM.
ANTITYPE, an'ti-t[=i]p, _n._ that which corresponds to the type: that which
is prefigured by the type, as Christ by the paschal lamb.--_adjs._
ANTITYP'AL, -TYP'ICAL.
ANTLER, ant'l[.e]r, _n._ a bony outgrowth from the frontal bones of
deer--restricted to males, except in the reindeer: branch of a stag's
horn.--_adj._ ANT'LERED. [O. Fr. _antoillier_--Late L. _ant(e)ocular-em_
(_ramum_), the branch of a stag's horn in front of the eyes.]
ANT-LION, ant'-l[=i]'on, _n._ the larva of an insect of the order
Neuroptera, remarkable for the ingenuity of its insect-catching habits.
[Trans. of Gr. _murm[=e]kole[=o]n_ in the Septuagint; _murm[=e]x_, ant,
_le[=o]n_, lion.]
ANTONOMASIA, ant-on-om-[=a]z'i-a, _n._ a figure of speech which uses an
epithet on the name of an office or attributive for a person's proper name,
e.g. his lordship for an earl; and conversely, e.g. a Napoleon for a great
conqueror. [Gr.; _anti_, instead, and _onomazein_, to name, _onoma_, a
name.]
ANTONYM, ant'[=o]-nim, _n._ a word which is the opposite of another. [Gr.
_anti_, against, _onoma_, a name.]