On totems he opens (i. 7)--

'When we come to special cases we must not imagine that much can be

gained by using such general terms as Animism, Totemism, Fetishism, &c.,

as solvents of mythological problems. To my mind, all such general

terms, not excluding even Darwinism or Puseyism, seem most objectionable,

because they encourage vague thought, vague praise, or vague blame.

'It is, for instance, quite possible to place all worship of animal gods,

all avoidance of certain kinds of animal food, all adoption of animal

names as the names of men and families, under the wide and capacious

cover of totemism. All theriolatry would thus be traced back to

totemism. I am not aware, however, that any Egyptologists have adopted

such a view to account for the animal forms of the Egyptian gods.

Sanskrit scholars would certainly hesitate before seeing in Indra a totem

because he is called vrishabha, or bull, or before attempting to explain

on this ground the abstaining from beef on the part of orthodox Hindus

[i. 7].'

Modern Mythology · 第 68 / 171 题