Pretoria presented quite a lively appearance when we first saw it. The
presence of the British military, with their bright uniforms, gave a gay
appearance to the town. The playing of the band every evening on the
market square was an agreeable event, but one could not help remarking
the sullen looks of the few Boers who were loitering about, and the
lowering glances they from time to time directed toward the detested
"red-coats." There were many churches and a number of stores. Although
the town was not as pretty as Potchefstrom, the surrounding country
district was exceedingly rich and fertile.
The northern portions of the districts, being warmer and at a lower
elevation than the rest, could produce, besides the various cereals,
tobacco, indigo, and the orange tree, the sugarcane, coffee, cotton, and
the different kinds of tropical and semi-tropical products.
The people of Pretoria and Potchefstrom, to whom we expressed our
admiration of the country, told us we should go to Rustenberg, distant
about sixty miles from Pretoria, which place they declared to be a
veritable paradise. All the temperate and most of the tropical plants
and fruits were to be seen there side by side, the whole country around
presenting the appearance of a garden.
The gold fields are situated in and about Leydenberg, a town two hundred
and twenty-five miles north-west of Pretoria, where considerable gold
had been found, although the gold-bearing tract was declared by
prospectors to be "patchy."
Since the fields had first been discovered various rushes had taken
place, resulting, as such rushes do, in various fortunes for the
rushers, some coming away on foot, bringing their worldly wealth in
their blankets and tin pans, and others bringing theirs in carts, which
were loaded with the precious metal.
Our hotel proprietor had been one of the unfortunates. He said the
prospects in the gold fields had never been great, and were then daily
diminishing. "Gold," he said, "there is, but not in payable quantities;
it is too patchy. One man will wash out ten or fifteen dollars' worth
in a week, while the claims around him will not come near paying
expenses. Sometimes a large nugget is found, as, for instance, the one
recently exhibited in Durham, weighing 214 ounces. Young men
frantically rush to see such a nugget, and immediately imagining the
country is covered with gold, are eager to leave a good situation and go
to the fields.
"Deceived humanity! Let them be wise men for only five minutes, and ask
themselves how much did that nugget cost the finder, and how many didn't
find the nugget at all? I possess a quantity of gold that cost me
ninety dollars the ounce, whereas the market value is from fifteen to
twenty dollars the ounce. I am neither an Australian nor Californian
miner, but, having always been in partnership with the latter, I have
had the benefit of their experience, and I claim to be a practical
miner. Labour is scarce. Kafirs are paid four dollars a month (they
now receive much more) and have the usual diet, mealie meal, which is
fifteen dollars a sack and sometimes twenty-five. No," said he,
"prosperity is the exception, and the great cry is. How can I get away
from here?"
The attitude of the Boers had become more and more menacing during our
short stay in Pretoria, and it seemed prudent to retire whilst we could.
So giving up with a sigh all our half-formed resolutions to see the
wild country and enjoy the glorious climate where the regaining of
health was a certainty, we packed ourselves away in the down coach. The
easiest way to ride with comfort in a coach is to imagine one's self
India-rubber. Don't sit too firmly on the seat, but sway about with the
motion of the coach until you can't imagine yourself India-rubber any
more. By the time the body is numb and pretty nearly paralysed, the
coach stops, and on trying to descend the limbs refuse to act. But the
India-rubber idea has rested the body in some measure. The farms we
passed on our way down were deserted, all the occupants having trekked
to Potchefstrom to attend a monster meeting fixed for the following
week. There had been heavy rains, and we crossed several streams which
had changed into rivers since our journey up. One, the Yorksey, which
was only just fordable, had been but a stagnant puddle when we passed it
before.
Just calling in on our kind hostess, Mrs Jenkinson, in Potchefstrom,
and taking a last look at the beautiful orchard-like village, so soon to
become a terrible scene of bloodshed and slaughter, we continued on our
way without incident other than the usual discomforts attendant on a
South African coach ride. At several points in the roads we passed
groups of Kafirs going to the diamond fields, and other groups returning
from them, and it was amusing to note the prosperous appearance of the
latter compared with the half-naked, destitute condition of their
brethren going in the opposite direction. Most of them carried huge
bundles on their heads, and it was funny to see the strange medley of
articles some were carrying home as curiosities. Two of them carried
ragged umbrellas, with scarcely a shred of material on their skeleton
frames. They seemed to fancy bright tin pails and pannikins; and a new
white flannel blanket, with several bright-coloured stripes decorating
the ends, was an indispensable article in the kit of every one of them.
We passed through Clerksdorp and Bloemhof, as on our journey up,
arriving in Kimberley on the fourth morning, travel-stained and weary,
and most heartily sick of Messrs. Cobb and Co's coaches. Apart from the
travelling we had enjoyed our trip very much, having seen the most
interesting country in South Africa. Although the poor Transvaal seems
to be doomed to years of political trouble before it can become truly
prosperous, it is undoubtedly, with its undeveloped mineral wealth, its
rich soil, the game which abounds there for the hunter, and, above all,
with its glorious climate, the country of the future of South Africa.
The farmers seem to want rousing; they lack ambition. Large tracts of
country, capable of producing almost anything, lie dormant, waiting for
employment. The best thing that can happen to the country is the
successful opening up of some paying gold fields. This would bring many
men of the right sort to the country, men with energy and determination,
and above all, some healthy ambition. To the stranger newly arrived in
the country the people seem lazy and listless, but after a year's
residence there this same listlessness gradually begins to steal over
the newcomer. He then greets the latest comer, who is energetic and
indifferent to heat, with the remark: "Wait till you have been out here
as long as I, and see how you will like it then."
Experts believe the mineral wealth of the Transvaal to be enormous. The
diversity and variety of the minerals found there is unsurpassed. It
has lead, cobalt, silver, plumbago, saltpetre, sulphur, iron, the best
coal, and above all, gold! Echoes reach the ear of a story that there
are signs on the western coasts, and not far distant, of the mines of
Ophir. One also hears of an impregnable country beyond, and of a tribe
kindred to the Basutos, ruled by the great chief "Sekukuni." Everything
one hears in Africa that is weird and strange one easily believes.
As a grazing country the Transvaal is by far the best in South Africa.
Sheep, cattle and horses thrive there, and certain districts are
especially suited to one or another class of live-stock. It is in some
parts well wooded, particularly in the north, while its producing
capabilities are practically unlimited. When traffic can be easily
extended to Delagoa Bay, it is confidently expected great changes will
take place.
It remains to be seen whether the Boer, left to himself, is capable of
self-government with progress. Will he utilise the advantages of his
country, or will he rest from generation to generation in stagnant
content, comforting himself with the maxim: "What was good enough for my
father is good enough for me."