mi : I. ni : we,
ci : thou. vi : you.
li : he. ili : they.
sxi : she. si (see Lesson 7).
gxi : it oni : one, they, people.
(The above words are called PRONOUNS because they are used instead of
repeating the noun).
By adding "a" the pronouns are made to denote a quality, in this case
possession, as "mia libro", my book; "via pomo", your apple; "ilia
infano", their child.
mia : my, mine. nia : our, ours.
cia : thy, thine. via : your, yours,
lia : his. ilia : their, theirs.
sxia : her, hers. sia (see Lesson 7),
gxia : its.
When the name to which these "pronoun-adjectives" belong is plural they
must of course take "j", as "miaj libroj", my books; "viaj pomoj", your
apples; "iliaj infanoj", their children.
In speaking of relations and parts of the body "la" is often used
instead of "mia", "lia", etc., as "La filo staras apud la patro", The
son stands by the (his) father.
For "mine," "ours," etc., "mia", "nia", etc., may be used either with or
without "la", as "La libro estas mia", or "La libro estas la mia", The
book is mine.
"Oni" is used for "one, they, people", when these words are indefinite
in meaning, as in the sentences:--Here one can speak fearlessly, "Tie
cxi oni povas maltime paroli", They say that he is rich, "Oni diras, ke
li estas ricxa", People often eat too quickly, "Oni ofte mangxas tro
rapide."