Calèche in French Canada, 443
Callières, Canadian governor, 204; makes peace with Iroquois, _ib._
Campbell, Sir Colin, Governor of Nova Scotia, 362
Campbell, W. Wilfred, Canadian poet, 181
Canada, divisions of, 1-18; name of, 7; discovery of, 34, 35;
river of, 35; Quebec, ancient capital of, 70; government of,
under France, 156-167; ceded to England, 263; military régime
of, 268; political state from 1763-1867, 338-379; confederation
of, 370-374, 391, 392, 404; railway building, 416; canals and
waterways, 418; growth of manufacturing industries, 419, 420;
bounty system, 419; population of, in 1908, 424, 425; French
population of, 425; intellectual progress of, 425-429; revenue
and expenditure, 425; government of, 426-429, relations with
England, 428-429; awakening of national consciousness, 432;
treaty-making power still withheld from, 433; map of (1643), 44;
(1745), 221; (1896), opposite p. 1. _See_ French Canadians
Canadian Air Board, 480
Canadian Manufacturers' Association, 422
Canadian Pacific Railway, 392, 396, 414, 417
Canals of Canada, 358
Cape Breton, Island of; discovered, 23-26; named Île Royale, 210;
ceded to England, 215; restored to France, 219; ceded again
to England, 264; government of, under France, 210, 211; part
of Nova Scotia, 303. _See_ Louisbourg
Card money of French Canada, 162
Carignan-Salières regiment, 152, 166
Carleton, General (Sir Guy), at siege of Quebec, 250; Canadian
Governor, 277; saves Canada, 280, 283-287; becomes Lord
Dorchester and again Governor, 301
_Caroline_, burning of steamer, 354
Caron, Sir Adolphe, 396
Cartier, Jacques, his voyages, 30-46; autograph and portrait
of, 31; discovers Canada, 34; first map of his discoveries, 44;
death of, 46
Cartier, Sir George, Canadian statesman, 372; his character and
services to Canada, 408-412; autograph and portrait of, 411;
monument to, 413
Cartwright, Sir Richard, Canadian statesman, 298
Cascade Mountains, 17
Cataraqui (Kingston), 184
Cayngas, division of Iroquois Confederacy, 118. _See_ Iroquois
Celéron, in the Ohio Valley, 223
Chaleur, Bay of, discovered, 32
Champlain, Helen, wife of Samuel Champlain, 77
Champlain, Lake, name of, 73
Champlain, Samuel, 48; first autograph and portrait of, 69;
founds Quebec, 70; battles with the Iroquois, 72-75, 81-85;
first visit to the Ottawa region, 78-80: his lost astrolabe,
79; discovers Lake Huron (_mer douce_), 82; surrenders Quebec
to Kirk, 88; returns to Canada, 89; death of, 90; his services
to Canada, 91; visit to Canada, 149
_Chansons_ of French Canada. _See_ Ballads
Charlottetown, city of, founded, 311
Chartres, Fort, on the Illinois, 224
Chateau St. Louis, history of, destroyed by fire, _see frontispiece_
Chateauguay, battle of, 328; monument of, 337
_Cheveux Relévés_, 116
Chippawa-Queenston Canal, 476
Chrystler's Farm, battle of. _See_ War of 1812
Clergy Reserves, 346; settled, 367
Coal, 423, 424
Coalition Government, 467, 475
Cobalt, 463
Colbert, French Minister of State, 152-156
Colborne, Sir John, Commander-in-Chief during Canadian rebellion
of 1838-39, 352-357
Commons. _See_ House of Commons
_Compagnie des Cents Associés_, 86; charter revoked, 152
Confederation of Canada, 370-374, 380, 391, 392, 404, 406
_Congregation de Notre Dame_, founded, 136
Conscription, 467
Constitutional Act of 1791, 303-305; operation of, 309-315, 338-358
Constitution of Dominion of Canada, 426-429
Constitution of Provinces of Canada, 426, 427
Convents in Canada, founded, 130 _et seq._
Cortereal, Caspar and Miguel, Portuguese voyagers, 24
Cosa, Juan de la, Spanish pilot, his map of 1500, 23, 25
Costabelle, M. de, first governor of Cape Breton, 210
_Côtes_, 166
Coudres, Isle de, named, 35
Courcelles, M. de, Canadian governor, 153
_Coureurs-de-bois_, 170-176
Craig, Sir James, Canadian governor, 312-314
Crerar, Hon. T. A., 475
Crévecour, Fort, on the Illinois, 186
Crowfoot, Indian chief, 397
Carrie, General Sir Arthur, 465
Cut-Knife Creek, fight at (in 1885), 397
Dairying, 423
Daniel, Father, Jesuit missionary and martyr, 142
D'Anville, Duke, 217, 218
D'Aunay, Chevalier, 98; his feud with Charles de la Tour, 99-105;
death of, 105; marriage of his widow, 106
Dauphin map (1543), 44
D'Avaugour, Baron, Canadian governor, 160
Davin, Nicholas F., 458
Dawson, Dr. G. M., Canadian scientist, 401
"Découverte, La Nouvelle," by Father Hennepin, 187
Demobilization, 469
Demons, Isle of, 46
Denonville, Marquis de, Canadian governor, 195
Denys, Nicholas, in Acadia, 97, 106
Déserts, Isle of, 54, 64
Detroit, history of, 207, 223, 270-272, 274
Devonshire, Duke of, 474
Diamond, Cape, 44
Diamond Jubilee, 423
Dieskau, Baron, defeated by Johnson, 231
Dingley Act, 431
Disarmament Conference, 475
Dollard, Sieur des Ormeaux, his heroism, 151
Dominion Police, 481
Dominion of Canada. _See_ Canada.
Donnacona, Indian King of Stadacona, 36, 42, 43
Dorchester. _See_ Carleton
Doukhobors, 425
Druillètes, Gabriel, Jesuit missionary, 139, 140
Drummond, General, wins battle of Lundy's Lane, 331
Dufferin, Lord, Canadian governor, 380, 394
Duhaut, La Salle's murderer, 190
Duluth, Daniel Greysolon, 176, 187
Dumont, Gabriel, half-breed leader in second Red River Rebellion,
395, 397
Duquesne, Canadian governor, 223
Duquesne, Fort, 224, 226
Durham, Lord, Canadian governor, 355; his report on Canadian
affairs, 340, 356, 361
Earthquake of 1663 in Canada, 151
_Eboulements_, Les, 151
Education in Canada, 358, 359, 368, 425-428
Edward (Lyman), Fort, 222
Elections, 1900, 1911, 1917, 1921, 460, 463, 467, 475
Elgin, Lord, Canadian Governor, 363
England and Canada, relations between, 428-429
Eries ("Racoons"), 117
Etchemins ("Canoemen"), 114
Falkland, Lord, Nova Scotian Governor, 362
"Family Compact," 344; broken up, 355
Farming, the most important industry, 422-423
Fenian Raids, 378
Fielding, Mr. W. S., 433
Fish Creek, fight at (in 1855), 396; monument to dead, 400
Fisheries of Canada, 324, 335, 375, 424
Fitzgibbon. _See_ War of 1812
Five Nations. _See_ Iroquois
Forbes, General, 243; in Ohio Valley, 246
Foster, George A., Canadian statesman, 298
Fraser River, 16, 17, 383
Fréchette, Louis, French Canadian poet, 181; his portrait, 449
Frederic (Crown Point), Fort, 222
Free Land, 482
Free libraries, 426
French Canada. _See_ French Canadians
French Canadians, language of, 435-438; villages of, 439-442;
attachment of, to Roman Catholic religion, 438-440, 447;
habits of, 446; literature of, 448; feelings of, towards
England, and confederation, 454-456
Frog Lake Massacre (in 1885), 395
Frontenac, Count, Canadian Governor, 194-204; character of, 193;
repulses Phipps at Quebec, 199-201; humbles Onondagas, 203;
death of, 204; autograph and statue of, 193
Frontenac, Fort, 184, 195, 196, 246; destroyed, 247
Fruit-growing, 423
Galissonnière, Canadian Governor, 222, 223
Galt, Sir Alexander, Canadian statesman, 372
Gannentaha, Onandaga French Mission, 148, 149
Garmeau, F. X., French Canadian historian, 449
Garry, Fort, 385, 388, 391; view of, 389
Gaspé, Cape, 8, 33
George, Lake, 137; battle of, 231
Germain, Lord George (Sackville), 287
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, 43
Gold, discovery of, in the Yukon and in Alaska, 430
Gomez, Estevan, 27
Gosford, Lord, Canadian Governor, 342, 352
Gourlay, Robert, Canadian reformer, 344; his ill-treatment, 345
Government of Dominion of Canada, 426, 429
Governor-General of Canada, 428
Grand Trunk Railway, 416; Pacific Railway, sections, 418;
Government subsidy granted, 418; arbitration, 477
Grasett, Colonel, in Riel's second rebellion (1885), 397
Great Northern, 418
Greenfield, Premier, 479
Griffin, Le Salle's vessel, 186
Grosseilliers, Sieur de, 170
Guarantee Act, 416
Guerchéville, Mme. de, 61
Guyart, Marie (Mere de l'Incarnation), Superior of Ursulines, 132;
portrait of, 131
_Habitants_, of French Canada, 163-167, 442-447
Haldimand, General, Canadian governor, 287, 290, 301
Hale, Horatio, on Indian legends, 113, 119
Haliburton, Judge ("Sam Slick"), 360; portrait of, 359
Halifax, City of, founded, 222; razed, 468
Hampton, General, defeated at Chateauguay, 328
Harvey, Colonel (Sir John), at Stoney Creek, 325; in Nova
Scotia, 363
Head, Sir Francis Bond, 350-353, 355
Hébert, French Canadian sculptor, 193, 449
Helluland of the Norsemen, 20
High Commission created, 430
Hincks, Sir Francis, Canadian statesman, 367
Hennepin, Father, his voyages, 187
Hève, La, in Acadia, 98
Hey, Chief Justice, 278
Highways Act, 470
Historians of Canada. _See_ Bibliographical note at beginning
of volume
Hochelaga (Montreal), Indian village of, 37-41; inhabitants of, 112
Holbourne, Admiral, 240
Hospitals in Canada, 130
Hôtel Dieu of Montreal, 134
Hôtel Dieu of Quebec, 130
House of Commons of Canada, 428
Howe, Joseph, Canadian statesman and father of responsible
government, 362, 364; portrait of, 363; action of, with respect
to union, 412, 413
Howe, Lord, death of, 245
Hudson's Bay, English trading posts at, attacked by French, 195,
203, 205; Company of, 381-388; Railway, 418
Hughes, Sir Sam, 465
Huron Indians, 115; habits of, 116; habitations of, 82, 116;
conquered by Iroquois, 141-143; dispersion of, 143-145
Iberville, Chevalier d', 198, 203, 207, 208; portrait of, 209
_Ile Royale_. _See_ Cape Breton
Imperial Conference, 463, 474
Imperial Munitions Board, 467
Indians of Canada, tribal divisions of, 114, 115; customs of,
115-117, 123-128; English policy towards, 275; present population
and development of, 402, 403
Intercolonial Railway, 417
International Commission, 431
Iroquois, or Five Nations, 111, 114; tribal divisions and
habitations of, 118, 119; habits and institutions of, 118-123;
plan of long-houses of, 119; Canadian raids of, 137, 138, 146,
150; attacks of, on Hurons, 141-143; attacks on Western Indians,
195; French expeditions against, 74, 153, 154, 196, 203; joined
by Tuscaroras and become Six Nations, 121
Japanese Government, 479
Jesuits in Acadia, 61; in Canada, 85, 86, 89; first Canadian
martyr, 139; their heroism, 139-143; _Relations_, 113, 114, 127
Jette, Sir Louis, 430
Jogues, Isaac, first Jesuit martyr, 139
Johnson, Sir W., 227; defeats French at Lake George, 231
Johnston, J. W., Canadian statesman, 362
Jolliet, Louis, discovers Mississippi, 179, 180
Jonquière, Marquis de la, Canadian governor, 218
Journalism, 426
Judiciary of Canada, 428
King, Hon. W. L. Mackenzie, 467, 468, 475
King's College in Nova Scotia, 360
Kingsford, William, Canadian author. _See_ Bibliographical Note
at the beginning of this volume
Kirk, Admiral, captures Quebec, 88
Klondyke rush, 463
Labour organizations, 481
La Chine, origin of name, 184; massacre at, 196
Lacolle Mill, American defeat at, 331
Lafontaine, Sir L. H., Canadian statesman, 364; portrait of, 369
La Hontan, 195
Lalemant, Charles, Jesuit superior, 86
Lalemant, Gabriel, Jesuit missionary, his heroic death, 142
La Mothe-Cadillac, founder of Detroit, 207
La Tour, Charles de, in Acadia, 93-109
La Tour, Claude de, in Acadia, 93-97
La Tour, Madame de, her heroism, 102-104
Laurentides, 6; their antiquity, _ib._ _See_ View of Cape
Trinity, 9
Laurier, Wilfrid, Canadian premier, 414, 429, 432, 433, 439, 454,
460, 463, 467, 472
Laval, Mgr., first Canadian bishop, 157; character of, 158-160;
portrait of, 159
Lawrence, Fort, 228
Lawrence, Governor, his part in expulsion of Acadians, 235
Law, systems of, in Canada, 428
Le Borgne, in Acadia, 106
Le Caron, Father, first western missionary, 82
Legislative Council, made elective in Canada, 367
Legislatures, Provincial, constitution of (in 1774), 278; (1792),
302-304; (1840), 357; (1867), 426
Leif Ericson, Norse voyager in America, 19, 20
Le Loutre, French priest in Acadia, 229, 230
Lemieux, Hon. Rodolphe, 479
L'Escarbot, in Acadia, 55, 56
Le Moyne, Simon, Jesuit missionary, 147
Lévis, Chevalier de, 248; Canadian town named after, 2; at battle
of St. Foy, 262
Liberal Convention, 468
Liotot, murderer of La Salle, 190
Liquors, sale of, 160
Livius, Chief Justice, 304
Loans, domestic, 469
Local government in French Canada, 164; in English Canada. _See_
Municipal Institutions
Lodge, Mr. Henry C., 430
Long Sault, heroic incident at, 150
Lorette, Hurons of, 144
_L'Ordre de bon temps_, at Port Royal, 57
Loudoun, Earl, 237
Louisbourg, 211; taken by New England expedition, 215-217; by
Amherst and Boscawen, 242, 243; destroyed, 243; present aspect
of, _ib._; view of, in 1731, 210
Louisiana, 208, 224, 225, 436
Louis XIV., his interest in Canada, 152, 156
Lount, Samuel, Canadian Reformer, 353, 355
Loyalists, United Empire, 297; their trials, 292, 293, 294;
famous names among, 295; their influence on Canada, 292, 296
Lundy's Lane, battle of, 331; monument at, 333, 337
Macdonald, Alexander, 463
Macdonald, Sir John Alexander, Canadian statesman and premier,
political, career of, 372, 394, 398, 408-413; one of founders
of Confederation 372; autograph and portrait of, 405; his
tenure, as premier, 408; character of, 408, 410; monuments
to, 413
Macdonnell, Bishop, 310
Mackenzie, Alexander, Canadian premier, 408
Mackenzie River, 383
Mackenzie, W. Lyon, Canadian Reformer, 348; career of, 348-351,
343-355, 368; autograph and portrait of, 349
Mackinac or Michillimackinac, 174, 175, 187, 203, 207, 223, 272
(Pontiac's War); 322, 332 (War of 1812)
McDonell, Colonel, attorney-general, killed at Queenston, 322
McDonnell, Colonel, captures Ogdensburgh, 324; at Chateauguay, 328
McDougall, William, Canadian statesman, 373; in the Northwest,
387-390
McLeod affair with the United States, 374, 375
McNab, Colonel (Sir Allan), 353, 354
Macrae, Colonel, 466
Magdalen Islands, 32
Maisonneuve, Sieur de, founder of _Ville-Marie_ (Montreal),
133-136; portrait of, 135
Mance, Jeanne, 134-136
Manitoba, province of, 391, 392. _See_ Winnipeg
Manufactures in Canada, 419-421
Markland, Norse discovery, 20
Marquette, Father, 178; discovers Mississippi, 179, 180; his
death, 182, 183
Marquis wheat, 463
Masères, Attorney-General, 278
Mason and Slidell difficulty, 377
Massé, Father, Jesuit missionary, in Acadia, 61; in Canada, 80
Matagorda Bay, La Salle at, 190
Matthews, Peter, Canadian Reformer, 355
Meighen, Hon. Arthur, 470, 474
Membertou, Micmac chief, 58, 59, 60, 62
Membré, Father, French missionary, 187, 188
Merchant Marine, 467
Metcalfe, Lord, Canadian Governor, 362
_Mêtis_ or half-breeds of Canada, 11, 386; rebellions of (1869),
386-391; (1885), 393-400. _See_ Riel
Micmacs (Souriquois), 114, 115
Middleton, General, commands Canadian forces in second Red River
Rebellion (1885), 396
Military Service, 468
Mining an important industry, 423
Mississippi, discovery of, 179, 180, 181, 188; France in valley
of, 224, 225, 434
Mohawks, division of Iroquois Confederation, 118; settle in
Canada, 300, 402. _See_ Iroquois
Monckton, General, 230; at siege of Quebec, 250, 257
Money in French Canada, 161, 162
Monongahela, battle of. _See_ Braddock
Montagnais Indians, 115
Montcalm, Marquis de, 238; victories of, 237, 238; defeat of,
by Wolfe, 256; death of, 257; character of, 260; monument
to, 259, 261
Montgomery, General, in Canada, 284; death of, 285
Montgomery's Tavern, near Toronto, Canadian rebels defeated
at (1836), 353
Montmagny, Charles Hault de, Canadian governor, 129, 133;
called "Onontio," 153
Montreal, city of, founded as _Ville-Marie_, 134-136; view of,
in 1760, 265
Monts, Sieur de, in Acadia, 50-59, 68-75
Morgan, Lewis H., on the Iroquois, 119
Morrison, Colonel, defeats Americans at Chrystler's Farm, 328
Mounted Police of the Northwest, 401
Municipal Institutions in Canada, 367, 368, 426
Murray, General, at siege of Quebec, 250; defeated by Lévis, 262;
Canadian governor, 275-277; character of, 276
National Policy Tariff, 414
Naval Treaty, 480
Necessity, Fort, 224
Neilson, John, Canadian journalist, 338, 339
Nelson, Wolfred, Canadian reformer, 330, 352, 356, 357, 368
Neutral Nation (Attiwandaronks), 117
Newark (Niagara), 306; burned by American troops, 330
New Brunswick, province of, 5, 6; separated from Nova Scotia,
302; enters Confederation, 373, 374, 412
Newspapers, 426
Niagara, falls of, 186
Niagara, Fort, 231, 247, 253, 426
Nicolet, Jean, 168, 169
Nipissing Lake, 81, 82; Indians of, _ib._, 115
Non-intervention, 460
Norse voyages to America, 19, 20
Northwest Company, 382-385
Northwest of Canada, 10, 11; history of, 381-401; resources and
progress of, 11, 392; mounted police of, 401, 481; Indians of,
rebellions in, 387-402; monuments to victims of, 400; government
of, 428
Northwest Passage, 465
Norumbega, 28, 54; memorials of, _ib._
Nova Scotia, 5, 6; named, 96; first assembly of, 302; enters
Confederation, 373, 374, 413
Ocean steamships. _See Royal William_
Ohio, valley of the, contest for, 223, 229, 230, 242; Indian raids
in (Pontiac's War), 273
Oil discoveries, 476
Oneidas, division of Iroquois Confederation, 118. _See_ Iroquois
Onondagas, division of Iroquois Confederation, 118. _See_ Iroquois
Onontio. _See_ Montmagny
Ontario, province of, 10; name of, _ib._, 374; first known as
Upper or Western Canada, 303; enters Confederation, 374;
Hydro-Electric Commission, 476; Agricultural College, 482
Oregon boundary question, 375
Orleans, Island of, 36
Oswego (Choueguën), Fort, 222, 227
Ottawa River, 78
Otter, Colonel, 397
Ouigoudi (St. John's River, N.B.), 53
Papineau, Louis J., Canadian Reformer, 339; career of, 339, 351,
352, 357, 368; portrait of, 341
Paris, Treaty of, 264, 265
Parlby, Irene, 479
Parliament, House at Quebec, in 1792, 305; at Newark, 306, 307;
burned at Montreal in 1849, 370; view of, at Ottawa, 427;
constitution of Canadian, 428; at Ottawa burned, 468;
rebuilt, 472
Peary, Admiral, 464
Peltrie, Madame de la, 131, 132
Pemaquid, Fort, 213
Pension Bill, 470
Pepperrell, General, 215, 216
Perrot, Nicholas, 176, 177
Phipps, Admiral, attacks Quebec, 199-201
Pitt (Chatham), 240, 241
Poets of French Canada, 450
Pontgravé, 43, 49
Pontiac, Ottawa chief, 270, 271; his war against English, 271-274;
death of, 274
Population of Canada; (in 1757), 225; (1792), 303; (1812), 320;
(1838), 358; (1861), 366; French population, 358, 425
Port Arthur, 478
Port Royal, founded, 52, 54; destroyed by Argall, 64; restored, 99;
taken by Nicholson, 206; called Annapolis Royal, _ib._; its
present aspect, 52
Postage reform, 432
Pouchot, 247
Poundmaker, Indian chief, 395, 398
Poutrincourt, Baron de, founds Port Royal, 54; career of, in
America, 53-61; death of, 66
Prescott Gate, 305, 307
Presqu'isle (Erie), 223, 247
Prevost, General, Canadian governor, military incapacity of,
325, 332
Prince of Wales, 472
Prince Edward Island (St. Jean), 5, 243, 244; separated from Nova
Scotia, 302; enters Confederation, 403. _See_ Charlottetown
Privy Council. _See_ Judicial Committee
Proclamation of 1763, 274, 275
Procter, General, 324, 327
Progressive Party, 474
Prohibition, 458, 473
Protective policy, 458
Quebec Act of 1774, 276-279
Quebec Bridge, 470
Quebec, city of, 1-3; named, 70; founded, 70; taken by Kirk, 88;
besieged by Phipps, 199-201; by Wolfe, 248-257; plan of siege
of 1759, 251; surrender of, 258; besieged by Lévis, 262; by
Arnold and Montgomery, 284-286; view of, in 1760, 270; in 1896,
434. _See_ Château St. Louis
Quebec Conference of 1864, Confederation proposed, 372
Quebec, province of, 8, 9; enters Confederation, 374
Queylus, Abbé, 157, 158
Radisson, Sieur, 17
Railways in Canada, 366, 367
Rale, Sebastian, missionary in Acadia, 212
Ramesay, M. de, in Acadia, 219; surrenders Quebec, 258
Razilly, Isaac de, in Acadia, 97-99
Rebellion Losses, Riots of 1849, 369, 370
Rebellions in Canada; of 1837-38, in Lower Canada, 338-343, 351,
353-357; in Upper Canada, 344-351, 353-355; in the Northwest
(1869), 387-392; (1885), 393-400
Reciprocity Treaty, 376
Recollets or Franciscans, 80, 81, 89
Red River settlement (Assiniboia), 384-387; insurrection at
(1869-70), 387-392. _See_ Riel
Republican ideas, 462
Responsible Government in Canada, 361-365; in Nova Scotia, 362-364;
in New Brunswick, 364; in P. E. Island, _ib._; in British
Columbia, 405; famous advocates of, 364, 365
Revenue and Expenditure of Canada, 425
Revolution, American. _See_ American Revolution
Richardson, Major, Canadian author, 271
Richelieu, Cardinal, 86
Richelieu River, 72, 73
Riel, Louis, rebels against Canada in 1869-70, 388; in 1885,
393-400; execution of, 379
Roberval, Jean François de la Roque, 45, 46
Robinson, Chief Justice, 344
Robinson, Christopher, 298
Roche, Marquis de la, 47
Rogers, Major Robert, 269
Rolph, Dr. John, Canadian Reformer, 353
Roman Catholics of Canada, freed from civil disabilities, 278
Root, Mr. Elihu, 430
Royal Mint, 468
_Royal William_, first steamship to cross Atlantic, 358
Rupert's Land, 381; history of, under fur traders, 381-386;
part of Dominion, 387. _See_ Northwest of Canada
Ryerson, Egerton, 350, 368
Ryswick, Treaty of, 204
St. Alban's Bank, raid on, 377
Saint-Castin, Baron de, in Acadia, 171, 172
St. Croix, Island of, in Acadia, 53, 54
St. Croix River, 36
St. Foy, Battle of, 262
St. Ignace, mission of, attacked by Iroquois, 142
St. John River, 53; La Tour's fort on, 99, 103
St. Joseph, mission of, attacked by Iroquois, 142
St. Lawrence River, discovery of, 34, 35; valley of, 8;
mountains of, _ib._
St. Lawrence, deepening of canals, 418, 419
St. Louis, Château. _See_ Château St. Louis
Saint-Lusson, Sieur, in the West, 177
St. Pierre and Miquelon, Isles of, 266
St. Sacrément, Lac du (Lake George), 137
Ste. Anne de Beaupré, Canadian Lourdes, 439, 440; view of church
at, 441
Ste. Marie, Jesuit mission, 141, 143, 145
Saguenay River, 35
Salaberry, Colonel de, at Chateaugay, 328; portrait of, 329
Salle, Sieur de la, in the West, 183-188; on the Mississippi, 188,
189; assassination of, 190; autograph and portrait of, 185
"Sam Slick." _See_ Haliburton
San Juan difficulty, 375
Saskatchewan River, Riel's rebellion in district of, 393-400;
monument on, 400
Sault-au-Matelot, 286
Sault Ste. Marie, 177, 223
Saunders, Dr. Chas. E., 463
Schools. _See_ Education
Schultz, Dr., at Red River, 390
Scott, Thomas, murdered by Riel, 390, 391
Secord, Laura, her courage, 326
Seigniorial Tenure, 87, 165; abolition of, 367
Selkirk, Lord, on the Red River, 384; death of, 385
Selkirk Range, 16, 17
Senate of Canada, 428
Senecas, division of the Iroquois Confederation, 118. _See_
Iroquois
Shipbuilding, 421
Shirley, General, 231
Sillery, 133
Simcoe, General, lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, 306, 309-311;
portrait of, 311
Six Nations. _See_ Iroquois
Smith, Sir Donald, at Red River, 390
Smith, Mary E., 479
Souriquois. _See_ Micmacs
South African War, 432-433
Stadacona (Quebec), 36
"Starved Rock" on the Illinois, 189
Stoney Creek, battle of, 325
Strachan, Bishop, 342, 347; portrait of, _ib._
Strathcona, Lord, 465
Strange, Colonel, 397
Stefansson, Vilhjalmur, 464
Sulpicians in Canada, 133, 136, 157, 158
Sulte, Benjamin, French Canadian author, 448
Sydenham, Lord. _See_ Thomson, Poulett
Taché, Archbishop, 390, 391
Talbot, Thomas, 310
Talon, J. Baptiste, Canadian Intendant, 157, 168
Tariff, revision of, 415; war with Germany, 415; British
preference, 415, 416; commercial treaty with France, 416
Tecumseh, Indian Chief, 322, 327
Temple, Sir Thomas, in Acadia, 108
Thayendanegea. _See_ Brant, Joseph
Thompson, Sir John, Canadian premier, 324, 415, 458
Thomson, Poulett (Lord Sydenham), Canadian governor, 361, 362
Ticonderoga (Carillon), Fort, 222, 248, 434
Tilley, Sir Leonard, Canadian statesman a founder of
confederation, 412
Titles, 462
Tobacco Nation (Tionotates), 117, 144
Touty, Henry de (of the copper hand), 186, 188, 208
Toronto (Fort Rouillé), 222, 247; first known as York, 309;
University of, 347
Tracy, Marquis de, Canadian viceroy, 152, 155
Trapper, Canadian, 173
Trinity, Cape, 9
Trinity College at Toronto, founded, 347
Tupper, Sir Charles, Canadian statesman, 298, 368; a founder of
confederation, 373, 412, 415, 464, 465
Turner, Mr. George, 430
Tuscaroras. _See_ Iroquois.
Union Act of 1840, 361-368
United Farmers' Organization, 474
United States, population of, in 1812, 316; relations of Canada
with, from 1840 to 1867, 379; present relations, 429
Universities, 347
Upper Canada. _See_ Ontario.
_Upper Canada Gazette_, first Upper Canadian newspaper, 315
Ursulines, convent of, 131
Utrecht, Treaty of, 208
Varennes, 202
Vaudreuil, Marquis de, Canadian governor, 229; at siege of Quebec,
248, 252, 256; capitulates at Montreal, 264; death of, 268
Verchères, Magdeleine de, her heroism, 202
Vérendryes, the, in the West, 381; reach Rockies, 382; on the
Red and Assiniboine Rivers, 384
Verrazano, Giovanni da, 26, 27
Versailles, Peace of, 461, 464
Victoria Bridge, 367
_Victories, Notre-Dame des_, at Quebec, 2, 201, 207
Vignau, Nicholas, deceives Champlain, 77, 98
_Ville-Marie_. _See_ Montreal
Vinland, Norse discovery, 20
Von Egmond, Colonel, during rebellion of 1836, 353, 354