note - includes only political parties approved by the
Ministry of Justice; De Afghan Watan Islami Gond [Mohammad Osman
SALEKZADA]; De Afghanistan De Mili Mubarizeeno Islami Gond [Amanat
NINGARHAREE]; De Afghanistan De Mili Wahdat Wolesi Tahreek [Abdul
Hakim NOORZAI]; De Afghanistan De Solay Ghorzang Gond [Shahnawaz
TANAI]; De Afghanistan De Solay Mili Islami Gond [Shah Mohammood
Popal ZAI]; Hezb-e Esteqlal-e-Mili Afghanistan [Taj Mohammad
WARDAK]; Hezb-e Hambastagee Mili Aqwam-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad Zarif
NASERI]; Hezb-e Harakat-e-Islami-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad Ali JAWID];
Hezb-e Jamihat-e-Islami [Ustad RABBANI]; Hezb-e Paiwand Mihahani
Afghanistan [Sayed Kamal SADAT];
Hezb-e-Aarman-e-Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Ilhaj Saraj-u-din ZAFAREE];
Hezb-e-Aazaadi Khwahan Maihan [Abdul Hadi DABEER]; Hezb-e-Aazadee
Khwahan Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Feda Mohammad EHSAS];
Hezb-e-Adalat-e-Islami Afghanistan [Mohammad Kabir MARZBAN];
Hezb-e-Afghan Melat [Anwarul Haq AHADI]; Hezb-e-Afghanistan-e-Naween
[Mohammad Yunis QANUNI]; Hezb-e-Afghanistan-e-Wahid [Mohammad Wasil
RAHIMEE]; Hezb-e-Azadee-e-Afghanistan [Ilaj Abdul MALEK];
Hezb-e-Democracy Afghanistan [Tawos ARAB];
Hezb-e-Domcrat-e-Afghanistan [Abdul Kabir RANJBAR];
Hezb-e-Eatedal-e-Mili Islami-e-Afghanistan [Qara Bik Eized YAAR];
Hezb-e-Eqtedar-e-Mili [Sayed Mustafa KAZEMI];
Hezb-e-Falah-e-Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Ustad Mohammad ZAREEF];
Hezb-e-Hambastagee Mili Jawanan-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad Jamil
KARZAI]; Hezb-e-Hambastagee-e-Afghanistan [Abdul Khaleq NEMAT];
Hezb-e-Harakat-e-Islami Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Ilhaj Said Hussain
ANWARY]; Hezb-e-Harakat-e-Mili Wahdat-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad Nadir
AATASH]; Hezb-e-Ifazat Az Uqooq-e-Bashar Wa Inkishaf-e-Afghanistan
[Baryalai NASRATI]; Hezb-e-Islami-e-Afghanistan-e-Jawan [Sayed Jawad
HUSSINEE]; Hezb-e-Isteqlal-e-Afghanistan [Dr. Ghulam Farooq
NEJRABEE]; Hezb-e-Jamahat-ul-Dawat ilal Quran-wa-Sunat-e-Afghanistan
[Mawlawee Samiullah NAJEEBEE]; Hezb-e-Jamhoree Khwahane-Afghanistan
[Sebghatullah SANJAR]; Hezb-e-Junbish Democracy Mardom-e-Afghanistan
[Sharif NAZARI]; Hezb-e-Junbish Mili Islami-e-Afghanistan [Sayed
NOORULLAH]; Hezb-e-Kangra-e-Mili-e-Afghanistan [Abdul Latif PEDRAM];
Hezb-e-Kar Wa Tawsiha-e-Afghanistan [Zulfiqar OMID];
Hezb-e-Lebral-e-Aazadee Khwa-e-Afghanistan [Ajmal SUHAIL];
Hezb-e-Majmeh Mili Faleen-Sulh-e-Afghanistan [Shamsul Haq Noor
SHAMS]; Hezb-e-Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Ahmad Shah ASAR];
Hezb-e-Mardom-e-Mosalman-e-Afghanistan [Besmellah JOYAN];
Hezb-e-Mili Afghanistan [Abdul Rashid ARYAN]; Hezb-e-Mili Heward
[GHULAM MOHAMMAD]; Hezb-e-Mili Islami-e-Afghanistan [Rohullah
LOUDIN]; Hezb-e-Mili Wahdat-e-Aqwam-e-Islami-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad
Shah KHOGYANI]; Hezb-e-Mutahed Mili [Noorul Haq ULOOMI];
Hezb-e-Nahzat-e-Aazadee Wa Democracy-e-Afghanistan [Abdul Raqib
Jawid KOHISTANEE]; Hezb-e-Nahzat-e-Hambastagee Mili-e-Afghanistan
[Pir Sayed Eshaq GAILANEE]; Hezb-e-Nakhbagan-e-Mardom-e-Afghanistan
[Abdul Hamid JAWAD]; Hezb-e-Paiwand Mili Afghanistan [Sayed Mansoor
NADREEI]; Hezb-e-Rastakhaiz-e-Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Sayed Zahir
Qayed Omul BELADI]; Hezb-e-Refah-e-Afghanistan [Meer Asef ZAEEFI];
Hezb-e-Refah-e-Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Mia Gul WASIQ];
Hezb-e-Refah-e-Mili Afghanistan [Mohammad Hassan JAHFAREE];
Hezb-e-Resalat-e-Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Noor Aqa ROEENE];
Hezb-e-Sahadat-e-Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad Zubair PAIROZ];
Hezb-e-Sahadat-e-Mili Islami-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad Osman
SALEKZADA]; Hezb-e-Subat-e-Mili Islami-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad Same
KHAROTI]; Hezb-e-Sulh Wa Wahdat-e-Mili-e-Afghanistan [Gulabuddin
Shir ZAEE]; Hezb-e-Sulh-e-Mili Islami Aqwam-e-Afghanistan [Abdul
Qaher SHARIATEE]; Hezb-e-Tafahum Wa Democracy-e-Afghanistan [Ahamad
SHAHEEN]; Hezb-e-Tahreek Wahdat-e-Mili-e-Afghanistan [Sultan
Mohammad GHAZI]; Hezb-e-Tahreek Wahdat-ul-Musimeen Afghanistan
[Wazir Mohammad WAHDAT]; Hezb-e-Tanzim Jabha Mili
Nejat-e-Afghanistan [Seghatullah MOJADDEDI]; Hezb-e-Taraqee Democrat
Afghanistan [Wali ARYA]; Hezb-e-Taraqee Mili Afghanistan [Dr. Aref
BAKTASH]; Hezb-e-Umat-e-Islam-e-Afghanistan [Toran Noor Aqa Ahmad
ZAI]; Hezb-e-Wahdat-e-Islami Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Ustad Mohammad
MOHAQQEQ]; Hezb-e-Wahdat-e-Islami-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad Karim
KHALILI]; Hezb-e-Wahdat-e-Islami-e-Melat-e-Afghanistan [Qurban Ali
URFANI]; Hezb-e-Wahdat-e-Mili Afghanistan [Abdul Rashid JALILI];
Hezb-e-Wahdat-e-Mili Islami-e-Afghanistan [Mohammad AKBAREE];
Mahaz-e-Mili Islami Afghanistan [Pir Sayed Ahmad GAILANEE]; Mili
Dreez Gong [Habibullah JANBDAD];
Nahzat-e-Hakemyat-e-Mardom-e-Afghanistan [Hayatullah SUBHANEE];
Nahzat-e-Mili Afghanistan [Ahmad Wali MASOOUD]; Tanzim
Daawat-e-Islami-e-Afghanistan [Abdul Rasoul SAYYAF]; (20 August 2005)
Albania
Agrarian Environmentalist Party or PAA [Lufter XHUVELI];
Christian Democratic Party or PDK [Nard NDOKA]; Communist Party of
Albania or PKSH [Hysni MILLOSHI]; Democratic Alliance Party or AD
[Neritan CEKA]; Democratic Party or PD [Sali BERISHA]; Legality
Movement Party or PLL [Ekrem SPAHIU]; Liberal Union Party or BLD
[Arjan STAROVA]; National Front Party (Balli Kombetar) or PBK
[Adriatik ALIMADHI]; New Democratic Party or PDR [Genc POLLO]; Party
of National Unity or PUK [Idajet BEQIRI]; Renewed Democratic Party
or PDRN [Dashamir SHEHI]; Republican Party or PR [Fatmir MEDIU];
Social Democracy Party of Albania or PDSSh [Paskal MILO]; Social
Democratic Party or PSD [Skender GJINUSHI]; Socialist Movement for
Integration or LSI [Ilir META]; Socialist Party or PS [Edi RAMA];
Union for Human Rights Party or PBDNj [Vangjel DULE]
Algeria
Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]; National
Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Ahmed
OUYAHIA, secretary general]; Islamic Salvation Front or FIS
(outlawed April 1992) [Ali BELHADJ, Dr. Abassi MADANI, Rabeh KEBIR];
National Entente Movement or MEN [Ali BOUKHAZNA]; National
Liberation Front or FLN [Abdelaziz BELKHADEM, secretary general];
National Reform Movement or Islah (formerly MRN) [Abdellah
DJABALLAH]; National Renewal Party or PRA [Yacine TERKMANE];
Progressive Republican Party [Khadir DRISS]; Rally for Culture and
Democracy or RCD [Said SADI]; Renaissance Movement or EnNahda
Movement [Fatah RABEI]; Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hocine Ait
AHMED, secretary general]; Social Liberal Party or PSL [Ahmed
KHELIL]; Society of Peace Movement or MSP [Boudjerra SOLTANI];
Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUN]
note: a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted
in March 1997
American Samoa
Democratic Party [Oreta M. TOGAFAU]; Republican Party
[Tautai A. F. FAALEVAO]
Andorra
Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic
Party or PD); Century 21 or S21 [Enric TARRADO]; Liberal Party of
Andorra or PLA (formerly Liberal Union or UL) [Albert PINTAT
SANTOLARIA]; Social Democratic Party or PS (formerly part of
National Democratic Group or AND) [Jaume BARTUMEU CASSANY]
Angola
Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Analia de Victoria PEREIRA];
National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA [disputed
leadership: Lucas NGONDA, Holden ROBERTO]; National Union for the
Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA] (largest
opposition party); Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or
MPLA [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS] (ruling party in power since 1975);
Social Renewal Party or PRS [disputed leadership: Eduardo KUANGANA,
Antonio MUACHICUNGO]
note: about a dozen minor parties participated in the 1992 elections
but only won a few seats; they and the other 115 smaller parties
have little influence in the National Assembly
Anguilla
Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES]; The
Anguilla United Front or AUF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS], a
coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla
National Alliance or ANA; Anguilla Progressive Party or APP [Roy
ROGERS]; Anguilla Strategic Alternative or ANSA [Edison BAIRD]
Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD];
Barbudans for a Better Barbuda [Ordrick SAMUEL]; Barbuda People's
Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; Barbuda People's Movement for
Change [Arthur NIBBS]; National Democratic Congress [Tillman
THOMAS]; United Progressive Party or UPP [Baldwin SPENCER] (a
coalition of three parties - Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement
or ACLM, Progressive Labor Movement or PLM, United National
Democratic Party or UNDP)
Argentina
Affirmation for an Egalitarian Republic or ARI [Elisa
CARRIO]; Front for Victory or FV [Nestor KIRCHNER]; Interbloque
Federal or IF (a broad coalition of approximately 12 parties
including PRO); Justicialist Front or FJ [leader NA]; Justicialist
Party or PJ (Peronist umbrella political organization); Radical
Civic Union or UCR [Gerardo MORALES]; Republican Proposal or PRO
(including Federal Recreate Movement or RECREAR [Ricardo LOPEZ
MURPHY] and Commitment for Change or CPC [Mauricio MACRI]);
Socialist Party or PS [Ruben GIUSTINIANI]; Union For All [Patricia
BULLRICH]; several provincial parties
Armenia
Agro-Industrial Party [Vladimir BADALYAN]; Armenia Party
(Hayastan) [Myasnik MALKHASYAN]; Armenian National Movement or ANM
[Artashes ZURABYAN]; Armenian Ramkavar Liberal Party or HRAK
[Harutyun MIRZAKHANYAN, chairman]; Armenian Revolutionary Federation
("Dashnak" Party) or ARF [Hrant MARKARYAN]; Democratic Party [Aram
SARKISYAN]; Justice Bloc (comprised of the Democratic Party,
National Democratic Party, National Democratic Union, the People's
Party, and the Republic Party) [Stepan DEMIRCHYAN]; National
Democratic Party [Shavarsh KOCHARIAN]; National Democratic Union or
NDU [Vazgen MANUKIAN]; National Revival Party [Albert BAZEYAN];
National Unity Party [Artashes GEGHAMYAN, chairman]; People's Party
of Armenia [Stepan DEMIRCHYAN]; Republic Party [Aram SARKISYAN,
chairman]; Republican Party or RPA [Andranik MARGARYAN]; Rule of Law
Party [Artur BAGHDASARYAN]; Union of Constitutional Rights [Hrant
KHACHATURYAN]; United Labor Party [Gurgen ARSENYAN]
Aruba
Aliansa/Aruban Social Movement or MSA [Robert WEVER]; Aruban
Liberal Organization or OLA [Glenbert CROES]; Aruban Patriotic
Movement or MPA [Monica ARENDS-KOCK]; Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA
[Benny NISBET]; Aruban People's Party or AVP [Mike EMAN]; People's
Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Nelson O. ODUBER]; Real Democracy
or PDR [Andin BIKKER]; RED [Rudy LAMPE]; Workers Political Platform
or PTT [Gregorio WOLFF]
Australia
Australian Democrats [Lyn ALLISON]; Australian Greens [Bob
BROWN]; Australian Labor Party [Kevin RUDD]; Country Liberal Party
[Jodeen CARNEY]; Family First Party [Steve FIELDING]; Liberal Party
[John Winston HOWARD]; The Nationals [Mark VAILE]
Austria
Alliance for the Future of Austria or BZOe [Peter
WESENTHALER]; Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Wilhelm MOLTERE];
Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe [Heinz Christian STRACHE]; Social
Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe [Alfred GUSENBAUER]; The Greens
[Alexander VAN DER BELLEN]
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan Popular Front or APF [Ali KARIMLI, leader of
"Reform" faction; Mirmahmud MIRALI-OGLU, leader of "Classic"
faction]; Civic Solidarity Party or CSP [Sabir RUSTAMKHANLY]; Civic
Union Party [Ayaz MUTALIBOV]; Communist Party of Azerbaijan or CPA
[Ramiz AHMADOV]; Compatriot Party [Mais SAFARLI]; Democratic Party
for Azerbaijan or DPA [Rasul QULIYEV, chairman]; Justice Party
[Ilyas ISMAILOV]; Liberal Party of Azerbaijan [Lala Shovkat
HACIYEVA]; Motherland Party; Musavat [Isa GAMBAR, chairman]; Yeni
Azerbaijan Party; Party for National Independence of Azerbaijan or
PNIA [Etibar MAMMADLI, chairman]; Social Democratic Party of
Azerbaijan or SDP [Araz ALIZADE]
note: opposition parties regularly factionalize and form new parties
Bahamas, The
Free National Movement or FNM [Hubert INGRAHAM];
Progressive Liberal Party or PLP [Perry CHRISTIE]
Bahrain
political parties prohibited but political societies were
legalized per a July 2005 law
Bangladesh
Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA]; Bangladesh Communist
Party or BCP [Saifuddin Ahmed MANIK]; Bangladesh Nationalist Party
or BNP [Khaleda ZIA]; Islami Oikya Jote or IOJ [Mufti Fazlul Haq
AMINI]; Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh or JIB [Motiur Rahman NIZAMI];
Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad faction) [Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD];
Jatiya Party (Manzur faction) [Naziur Rahman MANZUR]; Liberal
Democratic Party or LDP [Badrudozza CHOWDHURY and Oli AHMED]
Barbados
Barbados Labor Party or BLP [Owen ARTHUR]; Democratic Labor
Party or DLP [David THOMPSON]; People's Empowerment Party or PEP
[David COMISSIONG]
Belarus
pro-government parties: Agrarian Party or AP [Mikhail
SHIMANSKY]; Belarusian Communist Party or KPB; Belarusian Patriotic
Movement (Belarusian Patriotic Party) or BPR [Nikolai ULAKHOVICH,
chairman]; Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus [Sergei GAYDUKEVICH];
Party of Labor and Justice [Viktor SOKOLOV]; Social-Sports Party
[Vladimir ALEXANDROVICH]
opposition parties: 10 Plus Coalition [Alyaksandr MILINKEVICH],
includes: Belarusian Party of Communists or PKB [Syarhey KALYAKIN];
Belarusian Party of Labor (unregistered) [Aleksandr BUKHVOSTOV,
Leonid LEMESHONAK]; Belarusian Popular Front or BPF [Vintsyuk
VYACHORKA]; Belarusian Social-Democratic Gramada [Stanislav
SHUSHKEVICH]; Green Party [Oleg GROMYKO]; Party of Freedom and
Progress (unregistered) [Vladimir NOVOSYAD]; United Civic Party or
UCP [Anatol LYABEDKA]; Women's Party "Nadezhda" [Valentina
MATUSEVICH, chairperson]
other opposition includes: Belarusian Social-Democratic Party
Nardonaya Hromada or BSDP NH [Alyaksandr KOZULIN, chairman];
Christian Conservative BPF [Zyanon PAZNIAK]; Ecological Party of
Greens [Mikhail KARTASH]; Party of Popular Accord [Sergei YERMAKK];
Republican Party [Vladimir BELAZOR]
Belgium
Flemish parties: Christian Democrats and Flemish or CD & V
[Jo VANDEURZEN]; Flemish Liberal and Democrats or VLD [Bart SOMERS];
GROEN! (formerly AGALEV, Flemish Greens) [Vera DUA]; New Flemish
Alliance or NVA [Bart DE WEVER]; Social Progressive Alternative or
SP.A [Johan Vande LANOTTE]; Spirit [Geert LAMBERT] (new party now
associated with SP.A); Vlaams Belang (Flemish Interest) or VB [Frank
VANHECKE]
Francophone parties: Ecolo (Francophone Greens) [Jean-Michel JAVAUX,
Isabelle DURANT, Claude BROUIR]; Humanist and Democratic Center of
CDH [Joelle MILQUET]; National Front or FN [Daniel FERET]; Reform
Movement or MR [Didier REYNDERS]; Socialist Party or PS [Elio DI
RUPO]; other minor parties
Belize
People's United Party or PUP [Said MUSA]; United Democratic
Party or UDP [Dean BARROW, party leader; Douglas SINGH, party
chairman]
Benin
Alliance of Progress Forces or AFP; African Movement for
Democracy and Progress or MADEP [Sefou FAGBOHOUN]; Democratic
Renewal Party or PRD [Adrien HOUNGBEDJI]; Impulse for Progress and
Democracy or IPD; Key Force or FC; Movement for Development and
Solidarity or MDS; Movement for Development by the Culture-Salute
Party-Congress of People for Progress Alliance or Alliance
MDC-PS-CPP; New Alliance or NA; Rally for Democracy and Progress or
RDP; Renaissance Party du Benin or RB [Nicephore SOGLO]; The Star
Alliance (Alliance E'toile) [Sacca LAFIA]; Union of Tomorrow's Benin
or UBF [Bruno AMOUSSOU]
note: approximately 20 additional minor parties
Bermuda
Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Ewart BROWN]; United Bermuda
Party or UBP [Wayne FURBERT]
Bhutan
no legal parties
Bolivia
Bolivian Socialist Falange or FSB [Romel PANTOJA]; Civic
Solidarity Union or UCS [Johnny FERNANDEZ]; Free Bolivia Movement or
MBL [Franz BARRIOS]; Marshal of Ayacucho Institutional Vanguard or
VIMA [Freddy ZABALA]; Movement of the Revolutionary Left or MIR
[Jaime PAZ Zamora]; Movement Toward Socialism or MAS [Juan Evo
MORALES Ayma]; Movement Without Fear or MSM [Juan DEL GRANADO];
National Revolutionary Movement or MNR [Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA];
New Republican Force or NFR [Manfred REYES-VILLA]; Pachakuti
Indigenous Movement or MIP [Felipe QUISPE Huanca]; Poder Democratico
Nacional or PODEMOS [Jorge Fernando QUIROGA Ramirez]; Socialist
Party or PS [Jeres JUSTINIANO]
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Alliance of Independent Social Democrats or
SNSD [Milorad DODIK]; Bosnian Party or BOSS [Mirnes AJANOVIC]; Civic
Democratic Party or GDS [Ibrahim SPAHIC]; Croat Christian Democratic
Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina or HKDU [Marin TOPIC]; Croat Party
of Rights or HSP [Zvonko JURISIC]; Croat Peasants Party or HSS
[Marko TADIC]; Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina
or HDZ-BH [Dragan COVIC]; Croatian Democratic Union 1990 or HDZ1990
[Bozo LJUBIC]; Croatian Peoples Union [Milenko BRKIC]; Democratic
National Union or DNZ [Rifet DOLIC]; Democratic Peoples Alliance or
DNS [Marko PAVIC]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDS [Rasim KADIC];
New Croat Initiative or NHI [Kresimir ZUBAK]; Party for Bosnia and
Herzegovina or SBiH [Haris SILAJDZIC]; Party for Democratic Action
or SDA [Sulejman TIHIC]; Party of Democratic Progress or PDP [Mladen
IVANIC]; Serb Democratic Party or SDS [Mladen BOSIC]; Serb Radical
Party of the Republika Srpska or SRS-RS [Milanko MIHAJLICA]; Serb
Radical Party-Dr. Vojislav Seselj or SRS-VS [Radislav KANJERIC];
Social Democratic Party of BIH or SDP [Zlatko LAGUMDZIJA]; Social
Democratic Union or SDU [Sejfudin TOKIC]; Socialist Party of
Republika Srpska or SPRS [Petar DJOKIC]
Botswana
Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim Lepetu
SETSHWAELO]; Botswana Congress Party or BCP [Otlaadisa KOOSALETSE];
Botswana Democratic Party or BDP [Festus G. MOGAE]; Botswana
National Front or BNF [Otswoletse MOUPO]; Botswana Peoples Party or
BPP; MELS Movement of Botswana or MELS; New Democratic Front or NDF
note: a number of minor parties joined forces in 1999 to form the
BAM but did not capture any parliamentary seats - includes the
United Action Party [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO]; the Independence
Freedom Party or IFP [Motsamai MPHO]; the Botswana Progressive Union
[D. K. KWELE]
Brazil
Brazilian Democratic Movement Party or PMDB [Federal Deputy
Michel TEMER]; Brazilian Labor Party or PTB [Flavio de CASTRO
MARTINEZ]; Brazilian Renewal Labor Party or PRTB [Jose Levy Fidelix
DA CRUZ]; Brazilian Republican Party or PRB [Vitor Paulo Araujo DOS
SANTOS]; Brazilian Social Democracy Party or PSDB [Senator Tasso
JEREISSATI]; Brazilian Socialist Party or PSB [Federal Deputy
Eduardo Henrique Accioly CAMPOS]; Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB
[Jose Renato RABELO]; Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Carlos Roberto
LUPI]; Democratic Socialist Party or PSD [Luis Marques MENDES];
Green Party or PV [Jose Luiz de Franca PENNA]; Humanist Party of
Solidarity or PHS [leader NA]; Liberal Party or PL [Federal Deputy
Valdemar COSTA Neto]; National Order Reconstruction Party or PRONA
[Federal Deputy Dr. Eneas Ferreira CARNEIRO]; Partido Municipalista
Renovador or PMR [Natal Wellington Rodrigues FURUCHO]; Popular
Socialist Party or PPS [Federal Deputy Roberto FREIRE]; Progressive
Party or PP [Federal Deputy Pedro CORREA]; Social Christian Party or
PSC [Vitor Jorge ABDALA NOSSEIS]; Workers' Party or PT [Ricardo Jose
Ribeiro BERZOINI]
British Virgin Islands
Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Ethlyn
SMITH]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Orlando SMITH]; United
Party or UP [Gregory MADURO]; Virgin Islands Party or VIP [Ralph T.
O'NEAL]
Brunei
Brunei Solidarity National Party (PPKB) [Haji Mohd HATTA bin
Haji Zainal Abidin]; National Development Party (NDP) [YASSIN
Affendi]; People's Awareness Party (PAKAR) [Awang Haji MAIDIN bin
Haji Ahmad]
note: parties are small and have limited activity (2005)
Bulgaria
ATAKA (Attack Coalition) (coalition of parties headed by
the Attack National Union); Attack National Union [Volen SIDEROV];
Bulgarian Agrarian National Union-People's Union or BANU [Anastasia
MOZER]; Bulgarian People's Union or BPU (coalition of UFD, IMRO, and
BANU); Bulgarian Socialist Party or BSP [Sergei STANISHEV];
Coalition for Bulgaria or CfB (coalition of parties dominated by
BSP) [Sergei STANISHEV]; Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria or DSB
[Ivan KOSTOV]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization or
IMRO [Krasimir KARAKACHANOV]; Movement for Rights and Freedoms or
MRF [Ahmed DOGAN]; National Movement for Simeon II or NMS2 [Simeon
SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA]; New Time [Emil KOSHLUKOV]; Union of Democratic
Forces or UDF [Petar STOYANOV]; Union of Free Democrats or UFD
[Stefan SOFIYANSKI]; United Democratic Forces or UtDF (a coalition
of center-right parties dominated by UDF)
Burkina Faso
African Democratic Rally-Alliance for Democracy and
Federation or ADF-RDA [Gilbert OUEDRAOGO]; Confederation for
Federation and Democracy or CFD [Amadou Diemdioda DICKO]; Congress
for Democracy and Progress or CDP [Roch Marc-Christian KABORE];
Movement for Tolerance and Progress or MTP [Nayabtigungou Congo
KABORE]; Party for African Independence or PAI [Philippe OUEDRAOGO];
Party for Democracy and Progress/Socialist Party or PDP/PS [Ali
LANKOANDE]; Rally of Ecologists of Burkina Faso or RDEB [Ram
OUEDRAGO]; Republican Party for Integration and Solidarity or PARIS
[Cyril GOUNGOUNGA]; Union for the Republic or UPR [Toussaint Abel
COULIBALY]
Burma
National League for Democracy or NLD [AUNG SHWE, chairman,
AUNG SAN SUU KYI, general secretary]; National Unity Party or NUP
(pro-regime) [TUN YE]; Shan Nationalities League for Democracy or
SNLD [HKUN HTUN OO]; and other smaller parties
Burundi
the three national, mainstream, governing parties are:
Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Leonce NGENDAKUMANA,
president]; National Council for the Defense of Democracy, Front for
the Defense of Democracy or CNDD-FDD [Hussein RADJABU, president];
Unity for National Progress or UPRONA [Aloys RUBUKA, president]
note: a multiparty system was introduced after 1998, included are:
National Council for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD; National
Resistance Movement for the Rehabilitation of the Citizen or
MRC-Rurenzangemero [Epitace BANYAGANAKANDI]; Party for National
Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]
Cambodia
Cambodian People's Party or CPP [CHEA SIM]; National United
Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative
Cambodia or FUNCINPEC [KEV PUT REAKSMEI]; Norodom Ranariddh Party or
NRP [Norodom RANARIDDH]; Sam Rangsi Party or SRP [SAM RANGSI]
Cameroon
Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou Ndam NJOYA];
Cameroon People's Democratic Movement or CPDM [Paul BIYA]; Movement
for the Defense of the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA]; Movement
for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC [Marcel
YONDO]; Movement for the Youth of Cameroon or MYC [Dieudonne TINA];
National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Maigari BELLO
BOUBA]; Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRU NDI]; Union of
Peoples of Cameroon or UPC [Augustin Frederic KODOCK]
Canada
Bloc Quebecois [Gilles DUCEPPE]; Conservative Party of Canada
(a merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative
Party) [Stephen HARPER]; Green Party [Elizabeth MAY]; Liberal Party
[Stephane DION]; New Democratic Party [Jack LAYTON]
Cape Verde
African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV
[Jose Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change
or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID);
Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES, chairman];
Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Victor FIDALGO, president];
Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union or UCID [Antonio
MONTEIRO]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES,
president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico
MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Isaias
RODRIGUES, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM,
president]
Cayman Islands
no national teams (loose groupings of political
organizations) were formed for the 2000 elections; United Democratic
Party or UDP [leader McKeeva BUSH]; People's Progressive Movement or
PPM [leader Kurt TIBBETTS]
Central African Republic
Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP
[Jacques MBOLIEDAS]; Central African Democratic Assembly or RDC
[Andre KOLINGBA]; Civic Forum or FC [Gen. Timothee MALENDOMA];
Democratic Forum for Modernity or FODEM [Charles MASSI]; Liberal
Democratic Party or PLD [Nestor KOMBO-NAGUEMON]; Movement for
Democracy and Development or MDD [David DACKO]; Movement for the
Liberation of the Central African People or MLPC [Ange-Felix
PATASSE] (the party of deposed president); National Convergence or
KNK; Patriotic Front for Progress or FPP [Abel GOUMBA]; People's
Union for the Republic or UPR [Pierre Sammy MAKFOY]; National Unity
Party or PUN [Jean-Paul NGOUPANDE]; Social Democratic Party or PSD
[Enoch LAKOUE]
Chad
Federation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarledjy YORONGAR];
National Rally for Development and Progress or RNDP [Delwa Kassire
COUMAKOYE]; National Union for Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh
KEBZABO]; Party for Liberty and Development or PLD [Ibni Oumar
Mahamat SALEH]; Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [Mahamat Saleh
AHMAT, chairman]; Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Lol
Mahamat CHOUA]; Union for Democracy and Republic or UDR [Jean
ALINGUE]; Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Gen. Wadal
Abdelkader KAMOUGUE]
Chile
Alliance for Chile ("Alianza") or APC (including National
Renewal or RN [Carlos LARRAIN Pena] and Independent Democratic Union
or UDI [Hernan LARRAIN Fernandez]); Coalition of Parties for
Democracy ("Concertacion") or CPD (including Christian Democratic
Party or PDC [Soledad ALVEAR], Socialist Party or PS [Camilo
ESCALONA], Party for Democracy or PPD [Sergio BITAR Chacra], Radical
Social Democratic Party or PRSD [Jose Antonio GOMEZ Urrutia]);
Communist Party or PC [Guillermo TEILLIER]
China
Chinese Communist Party or CCP [HU Jintao]; eight registered
small parties controlled by CCP
Christmas Island
none
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
none
Colombia
Colombian Conservative Party or PC [Julio MANZUR Abdala];
Alternative Democratic Pole or PDA [Samuel MORENO Rojas]; Liberal
Party or PL [Cesar GAVIRIA Trujillo]; Social National Unity Party or
PSUN [Carlos GARCIA]; Radical Change or CR [German VARGAS Lleras]
note: Colombia has 15 formally recognized political parties, and
numerous unofficial parties that did not meet the vote threshold in
the March 2006 legislative elections required for recognition
Comoros
Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros [AZALI Assowmani];
Camp of the Autonomous Islands (a coalition of parties organized by
the island Presidents in opposition to the Union President); Front
National pour la Justice or FNJ [Ahmed RACHID] (Islamic party in
opposition); Mouvement pour la Democratie et le Progress or MDP-NGDC
[Abbas DJOUSSOUF]; Parti Comorien pour la Democratie et le Progress
or PCDP [Ali MROUDJAE]; Rassemblement National pour le Development
or RND [Omar TAMOU, Abdoulhamid AFFRAITANE]
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Congolese Rally for Democracy or
RCD [Azaria RUBERWA]; Forces for Renovation for Union and Solidarity
or FONUS [Joseph OLENGHANKOY]; Forces of Renewal or FR [Mbusa
NYAMWISI]; Movement for the Liberation of the Congo or MLC
[Jean-Pierre BEMBA]; National Congolese Lumumbist Movement or MNC
[Francois LUMUMBA]; People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy
or PPRD [Joseph Kabila]; Social Movement for Renewal or MSR; Unified
Lumumbast Party or PALU [Antoine GIZENGA]; Union for Democracy and
Social Progress or UDPS [Etienne TSHISEKEDI wa Mulumba]
Congo, Republic of the
the most important of the many parties are
the Democratic and Patriotic Forces or FDP [Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO,
president] (an alliance of Convention for Alternative Democracy,
Congolese Labor Party or PCT, Liberal Republican Party, National
Union for Democracy and Progress, Patriotic Union for the National
Reconstruction, and Union for the National Renewal); Congolese
Movement for Democracy and Integral Development or MCDDI [Michel
MAMPOUYA]; Pan-African Union for Social Development or UPADS [Martin
MBERI]; Rally for Democracy and Social Progress or RDPS [Jean-Pierre
Thystere TCHICAYA, president]; Rally for Democracy and the Republic
or RDR [Raymond Damasge NGOLLO]; Union for Democracy and Republic or
UDR; Union of Democratic Forces or UFD [Sebastian EBAO]
Cook Islands
Cook Islands Party or CIP [Henry PUNA]; Democratic
Party or Demo [Dr. Terepai MAOATE]
Costa Rica
Authentic Member from Heredia [Jose SALAS]; Citizen
Action Party or PAC [Otton SOLIS]; Costa Rican Renovation Party or
PRC [Gerardo Justo OROZCO Alvarez]; Democratic Force Party or PFD
[Vladimir DE LA CRUZ]; General Union Party or PUGEN [Carlos Alberto
FERNANDEZ Vega]; Homeland First or PP [Juan Jose VARGAS Fallas];
Independent Worker Party or PIO [Jose Alberto CUBERO Carmona];
Libertarian Movement Party or PML [Otto GUEVARA Guth]; National
Christian Alliance Party or ANC [Juan Carlos CHAVEZ Mora]; National
Integration Party or PIN [Walter MUNOZ Cespedes]; National
Liberation Party or PLN [Francisco Antonio PACHECO]; National
Patriotic Party or PPN [Daniel Enrique REYNOLDS Vargas]; National
Restoration Party or PRN [Carlos AVENDANO]; Nationalist Democratic
Alliance or ADN [Jose Miguel VILLALOBOS Umana]; Patriotic Union or
UP [Humberto ARCE Salas]; Social Christian Unity Party or PUSC [Luis
FILMAN]; Union for Change Party or UPC [Antonio ALVAREZ Desanti];
United Leftist Coalition or IU [Humberto VARGAS Carbonel]
Cote d'Ivoire
Citizen's Democratic Union or UDCY [Theodore MEL EG];
Democratic Party of Cote d'Ivoire-African Democratic Rally or
PDCI-RDA [Henri Konan BEDIE]; Ivorian Popular Front or FPI [Laurent
GBAGBO]; Ivorian Worker's Party or PIT [Francis WODIE]; Opposition
Movement of the Future or MFA [Anaky KOBENAN]; Rally of the
Republicans or RDR [Alassane OUATTARA]; Union for Democracy and
Peace in Cote d'Ivoire or UDPCI [Mabri TOIKEUSE]; over 20 smaller
parties
Croatia
Croatian Bloc or HB [Ivic PASALIC]; Croatian Christian
Democratic Union or HKDU [Anto KOVACEVIC]; Croatian Democratic
Congress of Slavonia and Baranja or HDSSB [Branimir GLAVAS];
Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Ivo SANADER]; Croatian Party of
Rights or HSP [Anto DJAPIC]; Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Josip
FRISCIC]; Croatian Pensioner Party or HSU [Vladimir JORDAN];
Croatian People's Party or HNS [Vesna PUSIC] (in 2005 party merged
with Libra to become Croatian People's Party-Liberal Democrats or
NS-LD [Vesna PUSIC]); Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS [Djurdja
ADLESIC]; Croatian True Revival Party or HIP [Miroslav TUDJMAN];
Democratic Centre or DC [Vesna SKARE-OZBOLT]; Independent Democratic
Serb Party or SDSS [Vojislav STANIMIROVIC]; Istrian Democratic
Assembly or IDS [Ivan JAKOVCIC]; Social Democratic Party of Croatia
or SDP [Ivica RACAN]
Cuba
only party - Cuban Communist Party or PCC [Fidel CASTRO Ruz,
first secretary]
Cyprus
area under government control: Democratic Party or DIKO
[Marios KAROYIAN]; Democratic Rally or DISY [Nikos ANASTASIADHIS];
European Democracy or EURO.DI [Prodromos PRODROMOU] (evolved from
For Europe which merged with New Horizons); European Party or
EURO.KO [Demetris SYLLOURIS]; Fighting Democratic Movement or ADIK
[Dinos MIKHAILIDIS]; Green Party of Cyprus [George PERDIKIS];
Movement for Social Democrats or EDEK [Yannakis OMIROU]; Political
Movement of Hunters [Michalis PAFITANIS]; Progressive Party of the
Working People or AKEL (Communist Party) [Dimitrios CHRISTOFIAS];
United Democrats or EDI [Michalis PAPAPETROU]; area administered by
Turkish Cypriots: Communal Liberation Party or TKP [Huseyin
ANGOLEMLI]; Cyprus Socialist Party or KSP [Kazim ONGEN]; Democratic
Party or DP [Serder DENKTASH]; Freedom and Reform Party or OP
[Turgay AVCI]; National Unity Party or UBP [Tahsin ERTUGRULOGLU];
Nationalist Justice Party or MAP [Ata TEPE]; New Party or YP
[Huseyin TURAN]; Our Party or BP [Okyay SADIKOGLU]; Patriotic Unity
Movement or YBH [Oguz OZEN]; Peace and Democratic Movement or BDH
[Mustafa AKINCI]; Renewal Progress Party or YAP [Ertugrul
HASIPOGLU]; Republican Turkish Party or CTP [Ferdi Sabit SOYER];
United Cyprus Party or BKP [Isset IZCAN]
Czech Republic
Association of Independent Candidates-European
Democrats or SNK-ED [Jana Hybaskova, chairman]; Christian Democratic
Union-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Jiri CUNEK, chairman];
Civic Democratic Alliance or ODA [Jirina NOVAKOVA, chairwoman];
Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Mirek TOPOLANEK, chairman]; Communist
Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Vojtech FILIP, chairman];
Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD [Jiri PAROUBEK, chairman];
Freedom Union-Democratic Union or US-DEU [Jan HADRAVA, chairman];
Green Party [Martin BURSIK, chairman]; Independent Democrats
(NEZDEM) [Vladimir ZELEZNY, chairman]; Party of Open Society (SOS)
[Pavel NOVACEK, chairman]; Path of Change [Jiri LOBKOWITZ, chairman]
Denmark
Christian Democrats (was Christian People's Party) [Bodil
KORNBEK]; Conservative Party (sometimes known as Conservative
People's Party) [Bendt BENDTSEN]; Danish People's Party [Pia
KJAERSGAARD]; Liberal Party [Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN]; Red-Green Unity
List (bloc includes Left Socialist Party, Communist Party of
Denmark, Socialist Workers' Party) [collective leadership]; Social
Democratic Party [Helle THORNING-SCHMIDT]; Social Liberal Party
(sometimes called the Radical Left) [Marianne JELVED, leader; Soren
BALD, chairman]; Socialist People's Party [Villy SOEVNDAL]
Djibouti
Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh];
Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; Djibouti
Development Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM]; Front pour la
Restauration de l'Unite Democratique or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD];
People's Progress Assembly or RPP [Ismail Omar GUELLEH] (governing
party); Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Moumin Bahdon
FARAH]; Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Ahmed Dini AHMED];
Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ
Dominica
Dominica Freedom Party or DFP [Charles SAVARIN]; Dominica
Labor Party or DLP [Roosevelt SKERRIT]; Dominica United Workers
Party or UWP [Earl WILLIAMS]
Dominican Republic
Dominican Liberation Party or PLD [Leonel
FERNANDEZ Reyna]; Dominican Revolutionary Party or PRD [Ramon
ALBURQUERQUE]; National Progressive Front [Vincent CASTILLO,
Pelegrin CASTILLO]; Social Christian Reformist Party or PRSC
[Enrique ANTUN]
East Timor
Associacao Social-Democrata Timorense or ASDT [Francisco
Xavier do AMARAL]; Christian Democratic Party of Timor or PDC
[Antonio XIMENES]; Christian Democratic Union of Timor or UDC
[Vicente da Silva GUTERRES]; Democratic Party or PD [Fernando de
ARAUJO]; People's Party of Timor or PPT [Jacob XAVIER];
Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor or FRETILIN [Francisco
Guterres Lu OLO]; Social Democrat Party of East Timor or PSD [Mario
CARRASCALAO]; Socialist Party of Timor or PST [Pedro da COSTA]; Sons
of the Mountain Warriors (also known as Association of Timorese
Heroes) or KOTA [Clementino dos Reis AMARAL]; Timor Democratic Union
or UDT [Joao CARRASCALAO]; Timor Labor Party or PTT [Paulo Freitas
DA SILVA]; Timorese Nationalist Party or PNT [Abilio ARAUJO]
Ecuador
Concentration of Popular Forces or CFP [Averroes BUCARAM];
Democratic Left or ID [Guillermo LANDAZURI]; Ethical and Democratic
Network or RED [Leon ROLDOS]; National Action Institutional Renewal
Party or PRIAN [Alvaro NOBOA]; Pachakutik Plurinational Unity
Movement - New Country or MUPP-NP [Gilberto TALAHUA]; Patriotic
Society Party or PSP [Lucio GUTIERREZ Borbua]; Popular Democracy or
DP [Dr. Juan Manuel FUERTES]; Popular Democratic Movement or MPD
[Gustavo TERAN Acosta]; Radical Alfarista Front or FRA [Fabian
ALARCON, director]; Roldosist Party or PRE [Abdala BUCARAM Ortiz,
director]; Social Christian Party or PSC [Leon FEBRES CORDERO];
Socialist Party - Broad Front or PS-FA [Victor GRANDA]
Egypt
National Democratic Party or NDP [Mohammed Hosni MUBARAK
(governing party)]; National Progressive Unionist Grouping or
Tagammu [Rifaat EL-SAID]; New Wafd Party or NWP [Mahmoud ABAZA];
Tomorrow Party [Naji AL-GHATRIFI]
note: formation of political parties must be approved by the
government
El Salvador
Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo PARKER,
secretary general]; Democratic Convergence or CD (formerly United
Democratic Center or CDU) [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general];
Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Medardo GONZALEZ,
coordinator general]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ
ZEPEDA, president]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Elias
Antonio SACA Gonzalez]; Popular Social Christian Party or PPSC [Rene
AGUILUZ]; Revolutionary Democratic Front or FDR [Julio Cesar
HERNANDEZ Carcamo, coordinator general]
Equatorial Guinea
Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS
[Placido MIKO Abogo]; Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE
[Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO] (ruling party); Party for Progress
of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]; Popular Action of
Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Miguel Esono EMAN]; Popular Union or UP
Eritrea
People's Front for Democracy and Justice or PFDJ, the only
party recognized by the government [ISAIAS Afworki]; note - a
National Assembly committee drafted a law on political parties in
January 2001, but the full National Assembly has not yet debated or
voted on it
Estonia
Center Party of Estonia (Keskerakond) [Edgar SAVISAAR,
chairman]; Estonian People's Union (Rahvaliit) [Villu REILJAN,
chairman]; Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond) [Andrus ANSIP];
Estonian United Russian People's Party or EUVRP [Yevgeniy TOMBERG,
chairman]; Social Democratic Party (formerly People's Party Moodukad
or Moderates) [Ivari PADAR, chairman]; Social Liberals (group of
eight parliamentarians, former Center Party members) [Peeter
KREITZBERG]; Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica (Isamaa je Res
Publica Liit) [Tonis LUKAS and Taavi VESKIMAGI, co-chairman]
Ethiopia
Afar National Democratic Party or ANDP; Benishangul Gumuz
People's Democratic Unity Front or BGPDUF [Mulualem BESSE];
Coalition for Unity and Democracy or CUD [HAILU Shawel]; Ethiopian
People's Revolutionary Democratic Front or EPRDF [MELES Zenawi] (an
alliance of Amhara National Democratic Movement or ANDM, Oromo
People's Democratic Organization or OPDO, the South Ethiopean
People's Democratic Front or SEPDF, and TigrAyan Peoples' Liberation
Front or TPLF); Gurage Nationalities' Democratic Movement or GNDM;
Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement or OFDM [BULCHA Demeksa];
Somali People's Democratic Party or SPDP; United Ethopian Democratic
Forces or UEDF [BEYENE Petros]; dozens of small parties
European Union
Confederal Group of the European United Left-Nordic
Green Left or EUL/NGL [Francis WURTZ]; European People's
Party-European Democrats or EPP-ED [Joseph DAUL]; Group of the
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe or ALDE [Graham R.
WATSON]; Group of Greens/European Free Alliance or Greens/EFA
[Monica FRASSONI and Daniel Marc COHN-BENDIT]; Identity, Tradition,
Sovereignty Group [Bruno GOLLNISCH]; Independence/Democracy Group or
IND/DEM [Jens-Peter BONDE and Nigel FARAGE]; Socialist Group in the
European Parliament or PES [Martin SCHULZ]; Union for Europe of the
Nations Group or UEN [Brian CROWLEY and Cristiana MUSCARDINI]
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
none; all independents
Faroe Islands
Center Party [Jenis A. RANA]; Independence Party [Kari
P. HOJGAARD]; People's Party [Anfinn KALLSBERG]; Republican Party
[Hogni HOYDAL]; Social Democratic Party [Joannes EIDESGAARD]; Union
Party [Kaj Leo JOHANNESEN]
Fiji
Dodonu Ni Taukei Party or DNT [Fereti S. DEWA]; Fiji Democratic
Party or FDP [Filipe BOLE] (a merger of the Christian Democrat
Alliance or VLV [Poesci Waqalevu BUNE], Fijian Association Party or
FAP, Fijian Political Party or SVT (primarily Fijian) [Sitiveni
RABUKA], and New Labor Unity Party or NLUP [Ofa SWANN]); Fiji Labor
Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDHRY]; General Voters Party or GVP
(became part of United General Party); Girmit Heritage Party or GHP;
Justice and Freedom Party or AIM; Lio 'On Famor Rotuma Party or LFR;
National Federation Party or NFP (primarily Indian) [Pramond RAE];
Nationalist Vanua Takolavo Party or NVTLP [Saula TELAWA]; Party of
National Unity or PANU [Ponipate LESAVUA]; Party of the Truth or
POTT; United Fiji Party/Sogosogo Duavata ni Lewenivanua or SDL
[Laisenia QARASE]; United Peoples Party or UPP [Millis Mick BEDDOES]
Finland
Center Party or Kesk [Matti VANHANEN]; Christian Democrats
or KD [Paivi RASANEN]; Green League or VIHR [Tarja CRONBERG]; Left
Alliance or VAS composed of People's Democratic League and
Democratic Alternative [Martti KORHONEN]; National Coalition
(conservative) Party or Kok [Jyrki KATAINEN]; Social Democratic
Party or SDP [Eero HEINALUOMA]; Swedish People's Party or SFP
[Stefan WALLIN]
France
Citizen and Republican Movement or MRC [Jean Pierre
CHEVENEMENT]; Democratic and European Social Rally or RDSE (mainly
Radical Republican and Socialist Parties, and PRG) [Jacques
PELLETIER]; French Communist Party or PCF [Marie-George BUFFET];
Greens [Yann WEHRLING, national secretary]; Left Radical Party or
PRG (previously Radical Socialist Party or PRS and the Left Radical
Movement or MRG) [Jean-Michel BAYLET]; Movement for France or MPF
[Philippe DE VILLIERS]; National Front or FN [Jean-Marie LE PEN];
Rally for France or RPF [Charles PASQUA]; Socialist Party or PS
[Francois HOLLANDE]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Francois
BAYROU]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [Nicolas SARKOZY]
French Polynesia
Alliance for a New Democracy or ADN [Nicole BOUTEAU
and Philip SCHYLE](includes the parties The New Star and This
Country is Yours); Independent Front for the Liberation of Polynesia
(Tavini Huiraatira) [Oscar TEMARU]; New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api)
[Emile VERNAUDON]; People's Rally for the Republic of Polynesia or
RPR (Tahoeraa Huiraatira) [Gaston FLOSSE]; Union for Democracy or
UPD [Oscar TEMARU]
Gabon
Circle of Liberal Reformers or CLR [General Jean Boniface
ASSELE]; Congress for Democracy and Justice or CDJ [Jules Aristide
Bourdes OGOULIGUENDE]; Democratic and Republican Alliance or ADERE
[Divungui-di-Ndinge DIDJOB]; Gabonese Democratic Party or PDG
[Simplice Nguedet MANZELA] (former sole party); Gabonese Party for
Progress or PGP [Pierre-Louis AGONDJO-OKAWE]; Gabonese Union for
Democracy and Development or UGDD [Zacherie MYBOTO]; National Rally
of Woodcutters or RNB; National Rally of Woodcutters-Rally for Gabon
or RNB-RPG (Bucherons) [Fr. Paul M'BA-ABESSOLE]; People's Unity
Party or PUP [Louis Gaston MAYILA]; Rally for Democracy and Progress
or RDP [Pierre EMBONI]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Pierre
Claver MAGANGA-MOUSSAVOU]; Union for Democracy and Social
Integration or UDIS; Union of Gabonese Patriots or UPG [Pierre
MAMBOUNDOU]
Gambia, The
Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction or
APRC [Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH] (the ruling party); Gambia People's
Democratic Party or GPDP [Henry GOMEZ]; National Alliance for
Democracy and Development or NADD [Halifa SALLAH]; National
Convention Party or NCP [Sheriff DIBBA]; National Reconciliation
Party or NRP [Hamat N. K. BAH]; People's Democratic Organization for
Independence and Socialism or PDOIS [Sidia JATTA]; United Democratic
Party or UDP [Ousainou DARBOE]
Georgia
Burjanadze-Democrats [Nino BURJANADZE]; Georgian People's
Front [Nodar NATADZE]; Georgian United Communist Party or UCPG
[Panteleimon GIORGADZE]; Georgia's Way Party [Salome ZOURABICHVILI];
Greens [Giorgi GACHECHILADZE]; Industry Will Save Georgia
(Industrialists) or IWSG [Georgi TOPADZE]; Labor Party [Shalva
NATELASHVILI]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Bachuki KARDAVA];
National Movement Democratic Front [Mikheil SAAKASHVILI] bloc
composed of National Movement and Burjanadze-Democrats; National
Movement [Mikheil SAAKASHVILI]; New Rights [David GAMKRELIDZE];
Republican Party [David USUPASHVILI]; Rightist Opposition [David
GAMKRELIDZE] bloc composed of Industrialists and New Right Party;
Socialist Party or SPG [Irakli MINDELI]; Traditionalists [Akaki
ASATIANI]; Union of National Forces-Conservatives [Koba DAVITASHVILI
and Zviad DZIDZIGURI]
Germany
Alliance '90/Greens [Claudia ROTH and Reinhard BUETIKOFER];
Christian Democratic Union or CDU [Angela MERKEL]; Christian Social
Union or CSU [Edmund STOIBER, chairman]; Free Democratic Party or
FDP [Guido WESTERWELLE, chairman]; Left Party.PDS (Linkspartei.PDS)
[Lothar BISKY]; note - a merger with the Electoral Alternative-Work
and Social Justice or WASG [Klaus ERNST] is planned for summer 2007;
Social Democratic Party or SPD [Kurt BECK]
Ghana
Convention People's Party or CPP [Nii Noi DOWUONA, general
secretary]; Democratic Freedom Party or DFP [Obed ASAMOAH,
chairman]; Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere or EGLE [Owuraku AMOFA,
chairman]; Great Consolidated Popular Party or GCPP [Dan LARTY];
National Convention Party or NCP [Sarpong KUMA-KUMA]; National
Democratic Congress or NDC [Dr. Huudu YAHAYA, general secretary];
New Patriotic Party or NPP [Samuel Arthur ODOI-SYKES]; People's
Convention Party or PCP [P. K. DONKOH-AYIFI, acting chairman];
People's Heritage Party or PHP [Emmanuel Alexander ERSKINE];
People's National Convention or PNC [Edward MAHAMA]; Reform Party
[Kyeretwie OPUKU, general secretary]; United Renaissance Party or
URP [Charles Wayo, chairman]
Gibraltar
Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar Social
Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or
GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]
Greece
Coalition of the Left and Progress (Synaspismos) [Alekos
ALAVANOS]; Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Aleka PAPARIGA]; New
Democracy or ND (conservative) [Konstandinos KARAMANLIS];
Panhellenic Socialist Movement or PASOK [Yiorgos PAPANDREOU];
Popular Orthodox Rally or LAOS [Yeoryios KARATZAFERIS]
Greenland
Atassut Party (Solidarity, a conservative party favoring
continuing close relations with Denmark) [Finn KARLSEN]; Demokratiit
[Per BERTHELSEN]; Inuit Ataqatigiit or IA (Eskimo Brotherhood, a
leftist party favoring complete independence from Denmark rather
than home rule) [Josef MOTZFELDT]; Kattusseqatigiit (Candidate List,
an independent right-of-center party with no official platform;
Siumut (Forward Party, a social democratic party advocating more
distinct Greenlandic identity and greater autonomy from Denmark)
[Hans ENOKSEN]
Grenada
Grenada United Labor Party or GULP [Gloria Payne BANFIELD];
National Democratic Congress or NDC [Tillman THOMAS]; New National
Party or NNP [Keith MITCHELL]
Guam
Democratic Party [leader Michael PHILLIPS]; Republican Party
(controls the legislature) [leader Philip J. FLORES]
Guatemala
Authentic Integral Development or DIA [Eduardo SUGER];
Grand National Alliance or GANA [Fraterno VILLA, secretary general];
Guatemalan Christian Democracy or DCG [Vinicio CEREZO Arevalo];
Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG [Alba ESTELA
Maldonado, secretary general]; Guatemalan Republican Front or FRG
[Efrain RIOS Montt]; Movement for Guatemalan Unity or MGU [Jacobo
ARBENZ Villanueva]; Movement for Principles and Values or MPV
[Francisco BIANCHI]; National Advancement Party or PAN [Leonel LOPEZ
Rodas, secretary general]; National Unity for Hope or UNE [Alvaro
COLOM Caballeros]; New Nation Alliance or ANN (formed by an alliance
of DIA, URNG, and several splinter groups most of whom subsequently
defected) [Pablo MONSANTO]; Patriot Party or PP [Ret. Gen. Otto
PEREZ Molina]; Reform Movement or MR [Alfredo SKINNER-KLEE,
secretary general]; Unionista Party [Fritz GARCIA]
Guernsey
none; all independents
Guinea
Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally or
PDG-RDA [El Hadj Ismael Mohamed Gassim GUSHEIN]; Dyama; National
Union for Progress or UPN [Mamadou Bhoye BARRY]; Party for Unity and
Progress or PUP [Lansana CONTE] (the governing party); People's
Party of Guinea or PPG [Charles Pascal TOLNO]; Rally for the Guinean
People or RPG [Alpha CONDE]; Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea or
UFDG [Mamadou BAH]; Union of Republican Forces or UFR [Sidya TOURE];
Union for Progress of Guinea or UPG [Jean-Marie DORE,
secretary-general]; Union for Progress and Renewal or UPR [Ousmane
BAH]
Guinea-Bissau
African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau
and Cape Verde or PAIGC [Carlos GOMES Junior]; Broad Republican
Front or FRA (coalition formed by PAIGC, UM, PST, UPG, FCGSD, UE,
PP, PDG, PDSG, PRP, and the International League for Ecological
Protection); Democratic Social Front or FDS; Electoral Union or UE;
Guinea-Bissau Civic Forum/Social Democracy or FCGSD [Antonieta Rosa
GOMES]; Guinea-Bissau Democratic Party or PDG; Guinea-Bissau
Socialist Democratic Party or PDSG [Serifo BALDE]; Labor and
Solidarity Party or PST [Iancuba INDJAI]; Party for Democratic
Convergence or PCD; Party for Renewal and Progress or PRP; Party for
Social Renewal or PRS [Kumba YALA]; Progress Party or PP; Union for
Change or UM [Amine SAAD]; Union of Guinean Patriots or UPG
[Francisca VAZ]; United Platform or UP (coalition formed by PCD,
FDS, FLING, and RGB-MB); United Popular Alliance or APU; United
Social Democratic Party or PUSD
Guyana
Alliance for Change or AFC [Raphael TROTMAN and Khemraj
RAMJATTAN]; Guyana Action Party or GAP [Paul HARDY]; Justice for All
Party [C.N. SHARMA]; People's National Congress/Reform or PNC/R
[Robert Herman Orlando CORBIN]; People's Progressive Party/Civic or
PPP/C [Bharrat JAGDEO]; Rise, Organize, and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi
DEV]; The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]; The Unity Party [Joey
JAGAN]; Vision Guyana [Peter RAMSAROOP]; Working People's Alliance
or WPA [Rupert ROOPNARAINE]
Haiti
Artibonite in Action or LAAA [Youri LATORTUE]; Assembly of
Progressive National Democrats or RDNP [Leslie MANIGAT]; Convention
for Democratic Unity or KID [Evans PAUL]; Cooperative Action to
Build Haiti or KONBA [Evans LESCOUFALIR]; Democratic Alliance or
ALYANS (coalition composed of KID and PPRH) [Evans PAUL]; Effort and
Solidarity to Create an Alternative for the People or ESKAMP [Joseph
JASME]; For Us All or PONT [Jean-Marie CHERESTAL]; Front for Hope or
LESPWA (alliance of ESKAMP, PLB, and grass-roots organizations
Grand-Anse Resistance Committee, the Central Plateau Peasants'
Group, and Kombit Sudest) [Rene PREVAL]; Haitian Christian
Democratic Party or PDCH [Osner FEVRY and Marie-Denise CLAUDE];
Haitian Democratic and Reform Movement or MODEREH [Dany TOUSSAINT
and Pierre Soncon PRINCE]; Heads Together or Tet-Ansanm [Dr. Gerard
BLOT]; Independent Movement for National Reconciliation or MIRN [Luc
FLEURINORD]; Justice for Peace and National Development or JPDN
[Rigaud DUPLAN]; Fanmi Lavalas or FL [Rudy HERIVEAUX]; Liberal Party
of Haiti or PLH [Gehy MICHEL]; Merging of Haitian Social Democratic
Parties or FUSION or FPSDH (coalition of Ayiti Capable, Haitian
National Revolutionary Party, and National Congress of Democratic
Movements) [Serge GILLES]; Mobilization for Haiti's Development or
MPH [Samir MOURRA]; Mobilization for National Development or MDN
[Hubert de RONCERAY]; Movement for National Reconstruction or MRN
[Jean Henold BUTEAU]; Movement for the Installation of Democracy in
Haiti or MIDH [Marc BAZIN]; National Christian Union for the
Reconstruction of Haiti or UNCRH [Marie Claude GERMAIN]; National
Front for the Reconstruction of Haiti or FRN [Guy PHILIPPE]; New
Christian Movement for a New Haiti or MOCHRENA [Luc MESADIEU]; Open
the Gate Party or PLB [Anes LUBIN]; Popular Party for the Renewal of
Haiti or PPRH [Claude ROMAIN]; Struggling People's Organization or
OPL [Edgard LEBLANC]; Union of Nationalist and Progressive Haitians
or UNITE [Edouard FRANCISQUE]
Holy See (Vatican City)
none
Honduras
Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Arturo CORRALES];
Democratic Unification Party or PUD [Matias FUNES]; Liberal Party or
PL [Patricia RODAS]; National Innovation and Unity Party or PINU
[Olban F. VALLADARES]; National Party of Honduras or PN [Porfirio
LOBO]
Hong Kong
Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood or ADPL
[Frederick FUNG Kin-kee]; Citizens Party [Alex CHAN Kai-chung];
Civic Party [KUAN Hsin-chi]; Democratic Alliance for the Betterment
and Progress of Hong Kong or DAB [MA Lik]; Democratic Party [Albert
HO]; Frontier Party [Emily LAU Wai-hing]; Liberal Party [James TIEN
Pei-chun]
note: political blocs include: pro-democracy - ADPL, Democratic
Party, Frontier Party; pro-Beijing - DAB, Liberal Party
Hungary
Alliance of Free Democrats or SzDSz [Gabor KUNCZE];
Christian Democratic People's Party or KDNP [Zsolt SEMJEN];
Hungarian Civic Alliance or Fidesz [Viktor ORBAN, chairman];
Hungarian Democratic Forum or MDF [Ibolya DAVID]; Hungarian
Socialist Party or MSzP [Istvan HILLER, chairman]
Iceland
Independence Party or IP [Geir H. HAARDE]; Left-Green
Movement or LGM [Steingrimur SIGFUSSON]; Liberal Party or LP [Gudjon
KRISTJANSSON]; Progressive Party or PP [Jon SIGURDSSON]; Social
Democratic Alliance (includes People's Alliance or PA, Social
Democratic Party or SDP, Women's List) or SDA [Ingibjorg Solrun
GISLADOTTIR]
India
note - India has dozens of national and regional political
parties; only parties with four or more seats in the People's
Assembly are listed; Bahujan Samaj Party or BSP [MAYAWATI];
Bharatiya Janata Party or BJP [Rajnath SINGH]; Biju Janata Dal or
BJD [Naveen PATNAIK]; Communist Party of India or CPI [Ardhendu
Bhushan BARDHAN]; Communist Party of India (Marxist) or CPI (M)
[Prakash KARAT]; Dravida Munnetra Kazagham or DMK [M. KARUNANIDHI];
Indian National Congress or INC [Sonia GANDHI]; Janata Dal (United)
or JD(U) [Sharad YADEV]; Jharkhand Mukti Morcha or JMM [Shibu
SOREN]; Lok Jan Shakti Party or LJSP [Ram Vilas PASWAN];
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam or MDMK [VAIKU]; Nationalist
Congress Party or NCP [Sharad PAWAR]; Pattali Makkal Katchi or PMK
[S. RAMADOSS]; Rashtriya Janata Dal or RJD [Laloo Prasad YADAV];
Samajwadi Party or SP [Mulayam Singh YADAV]; Shiromani Akali Dal or
SAD [Prakash Singh BADAL]; Shiv Sena or SS [Bal THACKERAY];
Telangana Rashtra Samithi or TRS [K. Chandrasekhar RAO]; Telugu
Desam Party or TDP [Chandrababu NAIDU]
Indonesia
Crescent Moon and Star Party or PBB [MS KABAN]; Democratic
Party or PD [Hadi UTOMO]; Functional Groups Party or Golkar [Yusuf
KALLA]; Indonesia Democratic Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI
Sukarnoputri]; National Awakening Party or PKB [MUHAIMIN Iskander];
National Mandate Party or PAN [Sutrisno BACHIR]; Prosperous Justice
Party or PKS [Tifatul SEMBIRING]; United Development Party or PPP
[Hamzah HAZ]
Iran
formal political parties are a relatively new phenomenon in
Iran and most conservatives still prefer to work through political
pressure groups rather than parties; a loose pro-reform coalition
called the 2nd Khordad Front, which includes political parties as
well as less formal pressure groups and organizations, achieved
considerable success at elections to the sixth Majles in early 2000;
groups in the coalition include: Islamic Iran Participation Front
(IIPF), Executives of Construction Party (Kargozaran), Solidarity
Party, Islamic Labor Party, Mardom Salari, Mojahedin of the Islamic
Revolution Organization (MIRO), and Militant Clerics Society
(Ruhaniyun); the coalition participated in the seventh Majles
elections in early 2004; following his defeat in the 2005
presidential elections, former MCS Secretary General Mehdi KARRUBI
formed the National Trust Party; a new apparently conservative
group, the Builders of Islamic Iran, took a leading position in the
new Majles after winning a majority of the seats in February 2004
Iraq
Assyrian Democratic Movement [Yunadim KANNA]; Badr Organization
[Hadi al-AMIRI]; Constitutional Monarchy Movement or CMM [Sharif Ali
Bin al-HUSAYN]; Da'wa al-Islamiyya Party [Ibrahim al-JA'FARI];
General Conference of Iraqi People [Adnan al-DULAYMI]; Independent
Iraqi Alliance or IIA [Falah al-NAQIB]; Iraqi Communist Party [Hamid
al-MUSA]; Iraqi Front for National Dialogue [Salih al-MUTLAQ]; Iraqi
Hizballah [Karim Mahmud al-MUHAMMADAWI]; Iraqi Independent Democrats
or IID [Adnan PACHACHI, Mahdi al-HAFIZ]; Iraqi Islamic Party or IIP
[Tariq al-HASHIMI]; Iraqi National Accord or INA [Ayad ALLAWI];
Iraqi National Congress or INC [Ahmad CHALABI]; Iraqi National
Council for Dialogue or INCD [Khalaf Ulayan al-Khalifawi
al-DULAYMI]; Iraqi National Unity Movement or INUM [Ahmad
al-KUBAYSI, chairman]; Islamic Action Organization or IAO [Ayatollah
Muhammad al-MUDARRISI]; Jama'at al Fadilah or JAF [Muhammad Ali
al-YAQUBI]; Kurdistan Democratic Party or KDP [Masud BARZANI];
Kurdistan Islamic Union [Salah ad-Din Muhammad BAHA al-DIN];
National Reconciliation and Liberation Party [Mishan al-JABBURI];
Patriotic Union of Kurdistan or PUK [Jalal TALABANI]; Sadrist Trend
[Muqtada al-SADR] (not an organized political party, but it fields
independent candidates affiliated with Muqtada al-SADR); Supreme
Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq or SCIRI [Abd al-Aziz
al-HAKIM]
note: the Kurdistan Alliance, Iraqi National List, Tawafuq
Coalition, Iraqi Front for National Dialogue, and Unified Iraqi
Alliance were only electoral slates consisting of the
representatives from the various Iraqi political parties
Ireland
Fianna Fail [Bertie AHERN]; Fine Gael [Enda KENNY]; Green
Party [Trevor SARGENT]; Labor Party [Pat RABBITTE]; Progressive
Democrats [Michael McDOWELL]; Sinn Fein [Gerry ADAMS]; Socialist
Party [Joe HIGGINS]; The Workers' Party [Sean GARLAND]
Isle of Man
Alliance for Progressive Government; Liberal Vannin
Party [Peter KARRAN]; Man Labor Party; Man Nationalist Party (Mec
Vannin) (branch of the British National Party)
note: most members sit as independents
Israel
Democratic Front for Peace and Equality (HADASH) [Muhammad
BARAKA]; GIL (Pensioners) [Rafael EITAN]; Kadima [Ehud OLMERT];
Labor Party [Amir PERETZ]; Likud Party [Binyamin NETANYAHU];
Meretz-YAHAD [Yossi BEILIN]; National Democratic Assembly (Balad)
[Azmi BISHARA]; National Union (NU)/National Religious Party (NRP)
[Binyamin ELON]; SHAS [Eliyahu YISHAI]; Torah and Shabbat Judaism
[Yaakov LITZMAN]; United Arab List [Ibrahim SARSOUR]; Yisrael
Beiteinu [Avigdor LIEBERMAN]
Italy
Center-Left Union Coalition [Romano PRODI]: Ulivo Alliance
(including Democrats of the Left or DS [Piero FASSINO];
Daisy-Democracy is Freedom or DL [Francesco RUTELLI]); Rose in the
Fist (including Italian Social Democrats or SDI [Enrico BOSELLI];
Italian Radical Party [Emma BONINO]); Italian Communist Party or
PdCI [Oliviero DILIBERTO]; Green Federation [Alfonso PECORARO
SCANIO]; Communist Renewal or RC [Fausto BERTINOTTI]; Italy of
Values or IdV [Antonio DI PIETRO]; Union of Democrats for Europe or
UDEUR [Clemente MASTELLA]; Republican European Movement or MRE
[Luciana SBARBATI]
Center-Right Freedom House Coalition [Silvio BERLUSCONI]: Forza
Italia or FI [Silvio BERLUSCONI]; National Alliance or AN
[Gianfranco FINI]; Union of Christian Democrats of the Center or UDC
[Pier Ferdinando CASINI]; Northern League or LEGA [Umberto BOSSI];
Christian Democracy (Per la Autonomie) [Gianfranco ROTONDI]
other non-allied parties: New Italian Socialist Party or New PSI
[Gianni DE MICHELIS]; Italian Republican Party or PRI [Giorgio LA
MALFA]; Social Alternative [Alessandra MUSSOLINI]; Social
Movement-Tricolor Flame or MSI-Fiamma [Luca ROMAGNOLI]; Social Idea
Movement with Rauti or MIS [Pino RAUTI]; South Tyrol People's Party
or SVP (German speakers) [Elmar Pichler ROLLE]; Union of Valley
Aosta Region or UV [Guido CESAL]
Jamaica
Jamaica Labor Party or JLP [Bruce GOLDING]; People's
National Party or PNP [Portia SIMPSON-MILLER]
Japan
Democratic Party of Japan or DPJ [Ichiro OZAWA]; Japan
Communist Party or JCP [Kazuo SHII]; Komeito [Akihoro OTA]; Liberal
Democratic Party or LDP [Shinzo ABE]; Social Democratic Party or SDP
[Mizuho FUKUSHIMA]
Jersey
two declared parties: Centre Party; Jersey Democratic Alliance
note: all senators and deputies elected in 2005 were independents
Jordan
al-Ahd Party; Arab Islamic Democratic Movement [Yusuf ABU
BAKR, president]; Arab Land Party [Dr. Ayishah Salih HIJAZAYN,
secretary general]; Arab Socialist Ba'th Party [Taysir al-HIMSI,
secretary general]; Ba'th Arab Progressive Party [Fu'ad DABBUR,
secretary general]; Freedom Party; Future Party; Islamic Action
Front or IAF [Zaki Sa'ed BANI IRSHEID, secretary general]; Islamic
Center Party [Marwan al-FAURI, secretary general]; Jordanian Arab
Ansar Party; Jordanian Arab New Dawn Party; Jordanian Arab Party;
Jordanian Citizens' Rights Movement; Jordanian Communist Party
[Munir HAMARINAH, secretary general]; Jordanian Communist Workers
Party; Jordanian Democratic Left Party [Musa MA'AYTEH, secretary
general]; Jordanian Democratic Popular Unity Party [Sa'id Dhiyab Ali
MUSTAFA, secretary general]; Jordanian Generations Party [Muhammad
KHALAYLEH, secretary general]; Jordanian Green Party [Muhammad
BATAYNEH, secretary general]; Jordanian Labor Party [Dr. Mazin
Sulayman Jiryis HANNA, secretary general]; Jordanian Peace Party;
Jordanian People's Committees Movement; Jordanian People's
Democratic Party (Hashd) [Ahmad YUSUF, secretary general]; Jordanian
Rafah Party; Jordanian Renaissance Party; Mission Party; Nation
Party [Ahmad al-HANANDEH, secretary general]; National Action Party
(Haqq) [Tariq al-KAYYALI, secretary general]; National
Constitutional Party [Abdul Hadi MAJALI, secretary general];
National Popular Democratic Movement [Mahmud al-NUWAYHI, secretary
general]; Progressive Party [Fawwaz al-ZUBI, secretary general]
Kazakhstan
Adilet (Justice) [Maksut NARIKBAYEV, co-chair, Zeynulla
ALSHIMBAYEV, co-chair, Bakhytbek AKHMETZHAN, co-chair, Yerkin
ONGARBAYEV, co-chair, Tolegan SYDYKOV, co-chair] (formerly
Democratic Party of Kazakhstan); Aq Zhol Party (Bright Path)
[Alikhan BAIMENOV, chairman]; AUL (Village) [Gani KALIYEV,
chairman]; Communist Party of Kazakhstan or KPK [Serikbolsyn
ABDILDIN, first secretary]; Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan
[Vladislav KOSAREV, first secretary]; Otan [Bakhytzhan ZHUMAGULOV,
acting chairman] (the Agrarian, Asar, and Civic parties merged with
Otan); Patriots' Party [Gani KASYMOV, chairman]; Rukhaniyat
(Spirituality) [Altynshash ZHAGANOVA, chairwoman]
Kenya
Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-Kenya or FORD-Kenya
[Musikari KOMBO or Soita SHITANDA, disputed]; Forum for the
Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-People [Simeon NYACHAE];
Kenya African National Union or KANU [Nicholas BIWOTT or Uhuru
KENYATTA, disputed]; National Rainbow Coalition-Kenya or NARC-K
[Mwai KIBAKI, unofficially, since the break-up of Kibaki's original
coalition]; Orange Democratic Movement-Kenya or ODM-Kenya [Raila
ODINGA, unofficially]
Kiribati
Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON];
Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; Maurin Kiribati Pati
or MKP; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG]
note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties
in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups
because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party
structures
Korea, North
major party - Korean Workers' Party or KWP [KIM Jong
Il]; minor parties - Chondoist Chongu Party [RYU Mi Yong] (under KWP
control), Social Democratic Party [KIM Yong Dae] (under KWP control)
Korea, South
Democratic Labor Party or DLP [MOON Seong-hyun];
Democratic Party or DP [HAHN Hwa-kap]; Grand National Party or GNP
[KANG Jae-sup]; People-First Party or PFP [SHIN Kook-hwan and SIM
Dae-pyung]; Uri Party [KIM Geun-tae]
Kuwait
none; formation of political parties is illegal
Kyrgyzstan
Ar-Namys (Dignity) Party [Emil ALIYEV]; Asaba (Banner
National Revival Party) [Azimbek BEKNAZAROV and Roza OTUNBAYEVA];
Ata-Meken (Fatherland) [Omurbek TEKEBAYEV]; Democratic Movement of
Kyrgyzstan or DDK [Viktor TCHETRNOMORETS]; Erkindik (Freedom) Party
[Topchubek TURGUNALIYEV]; Moya Strana (My Country Party of Action)
[Medet SADYRKULOV]; Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan or KCP [Ishak
MASALIYEV]; Party of Justice and Progress [Muratbek IMANALIEV];
Party of Peasants [Esengul ISAKOV]; Republican Party of Labor and
Unity [Tabaldy OROZALIYEV]; Sanjira (Tree of Life) [Ednan
KARABAYEV]; Social Democratic Party [Almaz ATAMBAYEV]; Sodruzhestvo
(Cooperation) [Alisher SABIROV]; Union of Democratic Forces
[Kubatbek BAIBOLOV]
Laos
Lao People's Revolutionary Party or LPRP [CHOUMMALI Saignason];
other parties proscribed
Latvia
First Party of Latvia or LPP [Ainars SLESERS]; For Human
Rights in a United Latvia or PCTVL [Jakovs PLINERS]; For the
Fatherland and Freedom/Latvian National Independence Movement or
TB/LNNK [Roberts ZILE, Maris GRINBLATS]; Harmony Center or SC [Janis
URBANOVICS, Nils USAKOVS]; Latvian Farmer's Union or LZS [Augusts
BRIGMANIS]; Latvian Social Democratic Workers Party (Social
Democrats) or LSDSP [Juris BOJARS]; Latvian Socialist Party or LSP
[Alfreds RUBIKS]; Latvia's Way or LC [Ivars GODMANIS, Ainars
BERZINS]; New Democrats or JD [Maris GULBIS]; New Era Party or JL
[Einars REPSE, Krisjanis KARINS]; People's Party or TP [Aigars
KALVITIS]; The Union of Latvian Greens and Farmers Party or ZZS
[Indulis EMSIS]
Lebanon
note - organized in three major political blocs; 14 March
Coalition (bloc includes Democratic Gathering [Walid JUNBLATT,
leader of Progressive Socialist Party]; Democratic Left [Ilyas
ATALLAH]; Democratic Renewal Movement [Nassib LAHUD]; Future
Movement Bloc [Sa'ad HARIRI]; Kataeb Reform Movement [Amine
GEMAYEL]; Lebanese Forces [Samir JA'JA]; Nasserite Popular Movement
[Ussama SAAD]; Qornet Shewan Gathering (a grouping composed of
political parties and independent members of the National Assembly
[no individual leader]; Tripoli Independent Bloc); Change and Reform
Alliance (bloc includes Free Patriotic Movement [Michel AWN]; Metn
Bloc [Michel MURR]; Popular Bloc [Elias SKAFF]; Tachnaq); Hizballah
and Amal Alliance (bloc includes Ba'th Party [Muhammad
MUHAMMADIYAH]; Development and Resistance Bloc [Nabih BERRI, leader
of Amal Movement]; Kataeb Party [Karim PAKRADONI]; Loyalty to the
Resistance [Mohammad RA'AD]; Syrian National Socialist Party [Ali
QANSU])
Lesotho
All Basotho Convention or ABC [Thomas THABANE]; Basotholand
African Congress or BAC [Khauhelo RALITAPOLE]; Basotho Congress
Party or BCP [Ntsukunyane MPHANYA]; Basotho National Party or BNP
[Maj. Gen. Justin Metsing LEKHANYA]; Kopanang Basotho Party or KPB
[Pheelo MOSALA]; Lesotho Congress for Democracy or LCD [Pakalitha
MOSISILI] (the governing party); Lesotho Education Party or LEP
[Thabo PITSO]; Lesotho People's Congress or LPC [Kelebone MAOPE];
Lesotho Workers Party or LWP [Macaefa BILLY]; Marematlou Freedom
Party or MFP [Vincent MALEBO]; National Democratic Party [J.S.
Bereng]; National Independent Party or NIP [Anthony MANYELI];
National Progressive Party or NPP [Chief Peete Nkoebe PEETE]; New
Lesotho Freedom Party or NLFP [Manapo MAJARA]; Popular Front for
Democracy or PFD [Lekhetho RAKUOANE]; Sefate Democratic Union or SDU
[Bofihla NKUEBE]; Social Democratic Party of SDP [Masitise SELESO];
United Democratic Party or UDP [C.D. MOFELI]; United Party or UP
[Makara SEKAUTU]
Liberia
Alliance for Peace and Democracy or APD [Togba-na TIPOTEH];
Coalition for the Transformation of Liberia or COTOL; Congress for
Democratic Change or CDC [George WEAH]; Liberian Action Party or LAP
[H. Varney SHERMAN]; Liberty Party or LP [Charles BRUMSKINE];
National Patriotic Party or NPP [Cyril ALLEN]; Unity Party or UP
[Charles CLARKE]
Libya
none
Liechtenstein
Patriotic Union (was Fatherland Union) or VU [Adolf
HEEB]; Progressive Citizens' Party or FBP [Otmar HASLER]; The Free
List or FL [Claudia HEEB-FLECK and Egon MATT]
Lithuania
Civil Democracy Party [Viktor MUNTIANAS, chairman];
Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles [Valdemar TOMASZEVSKI,
chairman]; National Farmer's Union [Kazimiera PRUNSKIENE,
chairwoman]; Homeland Union/Conservative Party or TS [Andrius
KUBILIUS, chairman]; Labor Party [Kestutis DAUKSYS, chairman];
Liberal and Center Union [Arturas ZUOKAS, chairman]; Liberal
Democratic Party [Rolandas PAKSAS, chairman]; Liberal Movement
[Petras AUSTREVICIUS, chairman]; Lithuanian Christian Democrats or
LKD [Valentinas STUNDYS, chairman]; Lithuanian People's Union for a
Fair Lithuania [Julius VESELKA, chairman]; Lithuanian Social
Democratic Party [Algirdas BRAZAUSKAS, chairman]; Social Liberal/New
Union [Arturas PAULAUSKAS, chairman]; Social Union of Christian
Conservatives [Gediminas VAGNORIUS, chairman]; Young Lithuania and
New Nationalists [Stanislovas BUSKEVICIUS, chairman]
Luxembourg
Action Committee for Democracy and Justice or ADR [Gast
GIBERYEN]; Christian Social People's Party or CSV (also known as
Christian Social Party or PCS) [Francois BILTGEN]; Democratic Party
or DP [Claude MEISCH]; Green Party [Francois BAUSCH]; Luxembourg
Socialist Workers' Party or LSAP [Alex BODRY]; Marxist and Reformed
Communist Party dei Lenk/la Gauche (the Left) [no formal
leadership]; other minor parties
Macau
Civil Service Union [Jose Maria Pereira COUTINHO]; Development
Union [KWAN Tsui-hang]; Macau Development Alliance [Angela LEONG
On-kei]; Macau United Citizens' Association [CHAN Meng-kam]; New
Democratic Macau Association [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong]; United Forces
Macedonia
Democratic Alliance [Pavle TRAJANOV]; Democratic League of
the Bosniaks [Rafet MUMINOVIC]; Democratic Party of Albanians or
PDSh/DPA [Arben XHAFERI]; Democratic Party of Serbs [Ivan
STOILJKOVIC]; Democratic Party of Turks [Kenan HASIPI]; Democratic
Renewal of Macedonia [Liljana POPOVSKA]; Democratic Union of Vlachs
for Macedonia [Mitko KOSTOV]; Democratic Union for Integration or
BDI/DUI [Ali AHMETI]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary
Organization-Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or
VMRO-DPMNE [Nikola GRUEVSKI]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary
Organization-People's Party or VMRO-Narodna [Vesna JANEVSKA]; League
for Democracy [Gjorgi MARJANOVIC]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDP
[Risto PENOV]; Liberal Party [Stojan ANDOV]; National Alternative
[Harun ALIU]; National Democratic Party-New Democratic Forces or
PDK-FRO [Hysni SHAQIR]; New Social Democratic Party or NSDP [Tito
PETKOVSKI]; Party for Democratic Future [Alajdin DEMIRI]; Party for
Democratic Prosperity or PPD/PDP [Abduljhadi VEJSELI]; Party for
European Future or PEI [Fijat CANOSKI]; Social Democratic Alliance
of Macedonia or SDSM [Radmila SEKERINSKA]; Socialist Party of
Macedonia or SP [Ljubisav IVANOV-ZINGO]; Union of Romas or SR [Saliu
SHABAN]; United Party for Emancipation or OPE [Nezdet MUSTAFA]
Madagascar
Association for the Rebirth of Madagascar or AREMA
[Pierrot RAJAONARIVO]; Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for
National Recovery or LEADER/Fanilo [Herizo RAZAFIMAHALEO]; Fihaonana
Party or FP [Guy-Willy RAZANAMASY]; I Love Madagascar or TIM [Marc
RAVALOMANANA]; Renewal of the Social Democratic Party or RPSD
[Evariste MARSON]
Malawi
Alliance for Democracy or AFORD [Chakufwa CHIHANA]; Congress
for National Unity or CONU; Democratic Progressive Party or DPP
[Bingu wa MUTHARIKA]; Malawi Congress Party or MCP [John TEMBO];
Malawi Democratic Party or MDP [Kampelo KALUA]; Malawi Forum for
Unity and Development or MAFUNDE [George MNESA]; Mgwirizano
Coalition or MC [Gwandaguluwe CHAKUAMBA] (coalition of MAFUNDE, MDP,
MGODE, NUP, PETRA, PPM, RP); Movement for Genuine Democratic Change
or MGODE [Sam Kandodo BANDA]; National Democratic Alliance or NDA
[Brown MPINGANJIRA]; National Unity Party or NUP [Harry CHIUME];
People's Progressive Movement or PPM [Aleke BANDA]; People's
Transformation Movement or PETRA [Kamuzu CHIBAMBO]; Republican Party
or RP [Gwandaguluwe CHAKUAMBA]; United Democratic Front or UDF
Malaysia
ruling-coalition National Front (Barisan Nasional) or BN,
consisting of the following parties: Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia Party
or PGRM [LIM Keng Yaik]; Liberal Democratic Party (Parti Liberal
Demokratik - Sabah) or LDP [LIEW Vui Keong]; Malaysian Chinese
Association (Persatuan China Malaysia) or MCA [ONG Ka Ting];
Malaysian Indian Congress (Kongresi India Malaysia) or MIC [S. Samy
VELLU]; Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah or PBRS [Joseph KURUP]; Parti
Bersatu Sabah or PBS [Joseph PAIRIN Kitingan]; Parti Pesaka
Bumiputera Bersatu or PBB [Patinggi Haji Abdul TAIB Mahmud]; Parti
Rakyat Sarawak or PRS [James MASING]; Sabah Progressive Party (Parti
Progresif Sabah) or SAPP [YONG Teck Lee]; Sarawak United People's
Party (Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sarawak) or SUPP [George CHAN Hong Nam];
United Malays National Organization or UMNO [ABDULLAH bin Ahmad
Badawi]; United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organization
(Pertubuhan Pasko Momogun Kadazan Dusun Bersatu) or UPKO [Bernard
DOMPOK]; People's Progressive Party (Parti Progresif Penduduk
Malaysia) or PPP [M.Keyveas]; Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party
or SPDP [William MAWANI]; opposition parties: Democratic Action
Party (Parti Tindakan Demokratik) or DAP [KARPAL Singh]; Islamic
Party of Malaysia (Parti Islam se Malaysia) or PAS [Abdul HADI
Awang]; People's Justice Party (Parti Keadilan Rakyat) or PKR [WAN
AZIZAH Wan Ismael]; Sarawak National Party or SNAP [Edwin DUNDANG];
opposition coalition Alternative Front (Barisan Alternatif) or BA -
consists of PAS and PKR
Maldives
political parties were allowed to register in June 2005;
the first entrants are: Adhaalath (Justice) Party or AP [Abdul
Majeed Abdul BARI]; Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party (Maldivian People's
Party) or DRP [Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM]; Islamic Democratic Party or
IDP [Omar NASEER]; Maldivian Democratic Party or MDP [Mohamed
NASHEED]
Mali
Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP (a coalition of 14
political parties including ADEMA and URD formed in December 2006 to
support the presidential candidacy of Amadou TOURE); Alliance for
Democracy or ADEMA [Diounconda TRAORE, party chairman]; Convergence
2007 [Soumeylou Boubeye MAIGA]; Hope 2002 (a coalition of CNID, MPR,
RDT, and RPM); National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID
[Mountaga TALL, chairman]; Party for Democracy and Progress or PDP
[Me Idrissa TRAORE]; Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile
DRAME, secretary general]; Patriotic Movement for Renewal or MPR
[Choguel MAIGA]; Rally for Democracy and Labor or RDT; Rally for
Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA, chairman]; Sudanese
Union/African Democratic Rally or US/RDA [Mamadou Bamou TOURE,
secretary general]; Union for Democracy and Development or UDD
[Moussa Balla COULIBALY]; Union for Republic and Democracy or URD
[Soumaila CISSE]
Malta
Alternativa Demokratika/Alliance for Social Justice or AD
[Harry VASSALLO]; Malta Labor Party or MLP [Alfred SANT];
Nationalist Party or PN [Lawrence GONZI]
Marshall Islands
traditionally there have been no formally organized
political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions
or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters,
formal platforms, or party structures; the following two "groupings"
have competed in legislative balloting in recent years - Aelon Kein
Ad Party [Michael KABUA] and United Democratic Party or UDP [Litokwa
TOMEING]
Mauritania
Alternative or Al-Badil; Coalition for Forces for
Democratic Change or CFCD (coalition of political parties including
RFD, United Forces of Progress or UDP, APP, Islamists, HATEM-PMUC,
RD, UDC); Democratic Renewal or RD; Islamists (Centrist Reformists);
Mauritanian Party for Unity and Change or HATEM-PMUC; National Rally
for Freedom, Democracy and Equality or RNDLE; Popular Front or FP
[Ch'bih Ould CHEIKH MALAININE]; Popular Progressive Alliance or APP
[Messoud Ould BOULKHEIR]; Rally of Democratic Forces or RFD [Ahmed
Ould DADDAH]; Rally for Democracy and Unity or RDU [Ahmed Ould SIDI
BABA]; Republican Party for Democracy and Renewal or PRDR (formerly
ruling Democratic and Social Republican Party or PRDS) [Boullah Ould
MOGUEYA]; Union for Democracy and Progress or UDP [Naha Mint
MOUKNASS]; Union of Democratic Centre or UCD
Mauritius
Alliance Sociale or AS; Hizbullah [Cehl Mohamed
FAKEEMEEAH]; Mauritian Labor Party or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM];
Mauritian Militant Movement or MMM [Paul BERENGER] (in coalition
with MSM); Mauritian Social Democrat Party or PMSD [Charles
Xavier-Luc DUVAL]; Militant Socialist Movement or MSM [Pravind
JUGNAUTH] (the governing party); Rodrigues Movement or MR [Joseph
(Nicholas) Von MALLY]; Rodrigues Peoples Organization or OPR [Serge
CLAIR]
Mayotte
Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular
Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or RPR (UMP)
[Mansour KAMARDINE]; Force of the Rally and the Alliance for
Democracy or FRAP; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM
[Mouhoutar SALIM]; Renewed Communist Party of Mayotte or MRC [Omar
SIMBA]; Socialist Party or PS (local branch of French Parti
Socialiste) [Ibrahim ABUBACAR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF
[Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]
Mexico
Convergence for Democracy or CD [Luis MALDONADO Venegas];
Institutional Revolutionary Party or PRI [Mariano PALACIOS Alcocer];
Labor Party or PT [Alberto ANAYA Gutierrez]; Mexican Green
Ecological Party or PVEM [Jorge Emilio GONZALEZ Martinez]; National
Action Party (Partido Accion Nacional) or PAN [Manuel ESPINO
Barrientos]; New Alliance Party (Partido Nueva Alianza) or PNA
[Miguel Angel JIMENEZ Godinez]; Party of the Democratic Revolution
(Partido de la Revolucion Democratica) or PRD [Leonel COTA Montano];
Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party (Partido Alternativa
Socialdemocrata y Campesina) or Alternativa [Alberto BEGNE Guerra]
Micronesia, Federated States of
no formal parties
Moldova
Christian Democratic People's Party or PPCD [Iurie ROSCA];
Communist Party of the Republic of Moldova or PCRM [Vladimir
VORONIN, first chairman]; Democratic Party or PD [Dumitru DIACOV];
National Liberal Party or NLP [Vitalia PAVLICENKO]; Our Moldova
Alliance or AMN [Serafim URECHEAN]; Party for Social Democracy or
PSD [Dumitru BRAGHIS]; Social Liberal Party or PSL [Oleg SEREBRIAN]
Monaco
National and Democratic Union or UND [Guy MAGNAN]; Union for
Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or
UNAM)
Mongolia
Citizens' Will Republican Party or CWRP (also called Civil
Courage Republican Party or CCRP) [Sanjaasurengiin OYUN]; Democratic
Party or DP [Tsakhiagiyn ELBEGDORJ]; Motherland-Mongolian New
Socialist Democratic Party or M-MNSDP [Badarchyn ERDENEBAT];
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party or MPRP [Miegombyn ENKHBOLD];
Mongolian Republican Party or MRP [Bazarsadyn JARGALSAIKHAN];
People's Party or PP [Lamjav GUNDALAI]
note: DP and M-MNSDP formed Motherland-Democracy Coalition (MDC) in
2003 and with CWRP contested June 2004 elections as single party;
MDC's leadership dissolved coalition in December 2004
Montenegro
Albanian Alternative or AA [Vesel SINISHTAJ]; Bosniak
Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]; Democratic League-Party of Democratic
Prosperity or SPP [Mehmet BARHDI]; Democratic Party of Socialists or
DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS
[Ranko KADIC]; Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Ferhat DINOSA];
Liberal Party of Montenegro or LP [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC]; Movement for
Changes or PZP [Nebojsa MEDOJEVIC]; Party of Serb Radicals or SSR
[Dusko SEKULIC]; People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag
POPOVIC]; People's Socialist Party or NSS [Emilo LABUDOVIC]; Serbian
People's Party of Montenegro or SNS [Andrija MANDIC]; Social
Democratic Party or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]; Socialist People's Party
or SNP [Srdjan MILIC]
Montserrat
Montserrat Democratic Party or MDP [Lowell LEWIS];
Movement for Change and Prosperity or MCAP [Roselyn CASSELL-SEALY];
New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]
Morocco
Action Party or PA [Muhammad EL IDRISSI]; Alliance of
Liberties or ADL [Ali BELHAJ]; Annahj Addimocrati or Annahj
[Abdellah EL HARIF]; Avant Garde Social Democratic Party or PADS
[Ahmed BENJELLOUN]; Citizen Forces or FC [Abderrahman LAHJOUJI];
Citizen's Initiatives for Development [Mohamed BENHAMOU];
Constitutional Union or UC [Mohamed ABIED (interim)]; Democratic and
Independence Party or PDI [Abdelwahed MAACH]; Democratic and Social
Movement or MDS [Mahmoud ARCHANE]; Democratic Socialist Party or PSD
[Aissa OUARDIGHI]; Democratic Union or UD [Bouazza IKKEN];
Environment and Development Party or PED [Ahmed EL ALAMI]; Front of
Democratic Forces or FFD [Thami EL KHYARI]; Istiqlal Party
(Independence Party) or PI [Abbas El FASSI]; Justice and Development
Party or PJD [Saad Eddine El OTHMANI]; Moroccan Liberal Party or PML
[Mohamed ZIANE]; National Democratic Party or PND [Abdallah KADIRI];
National Ittihadi Congress Party or CNI [Abdelmajid BOUZOUBAA];
National Popular Movement or MNP [Mahjoubi AHERDANE]; National Rally
of Independents or RNI [Ahmed OSMAN]; National Union of Popular
Forces or UNFP [Abdellah IBRAHIM]; Parti Al Ahd or Al Ahd [Najib EL
OUAZZANI, chairman]; Party of Progress and Socialism or PPS [Ismail
ALAOUI]; Party of Renewal and Equity or PRE [Chakir ACHABAR]; Party
of the Unified Socialist Left or GSU [Mohamed Ben Said AIT IDDER];
Popular Movement Union or UMP [Mohamed LAENSER]; Reform and
Development Party or PRD [Abderrahmane EL KOUHEN]; Social Center
Party or PSC [Lahcen MADIH]; Socialist Union of Popular Forces or
USFP [Mohammed El-YAZGHI]
Mozambique
Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de
Liberatacao de Mocambique) or FRELIMO [Armando Emilio GUEBUZA,
president]; Mozambique National Resistance-Electoral Union
(Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana-Uniao Eleitoral) or RENAMO-UE
[Afonso DHLAKAMA, president]
Namibia
Congress of Democrats or COD [Ben ULENGA]; Democratic
Turnhalle Alliance of Namibia or DTA [Katuutire KAURA, president];
Monitor Action Group or MAG [Jurie VILJOEN]; National Democratic
Movement for Change or NamDMC; National Unity Democratic
Organization or NUDO [Kuaima RIRUAKO]; Republican Party or RP [Henk
MUDGE]; South West Africa National Union or SWANU [Rihupisa
KANDANDO]; South West Africa People's Organization or SWAPO [Sam
Shafishuna NUJOMA]; United Democratic Front or UDF [Justus GAROEB]
Nauru
loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG];
Nauru Party (informal); Nauru First (Naoero Amo) Party
Nepal
Communist Party of Nepal/United Marxist-Leninist or CPN/UML
[Madhav Kumar NEPAL, general secretary]; National Democratic Party
or NDP (also called Rastriya Prajantra Party or RPP) [Pashupati
Shumsher RANA, chairman]; Nepali Congress-Democratic [Sher Bahadur
DEUBA, president]; Nepali Congress or NC [Girija Prasad KOIRALA,
party president, Sushil KOIRALA, vice president]; Nepal Sadbhavana
(Goodwill) Party or NSP - Mandal [Bhadri Prasad MANDAL, party
president]; Nepal Sadbhavana Party - Ananda Devi [Ananda DEVI,
president]; Nepal Workers and Peasants Party or NWPP [Narayan Man
BIJUKCHHE, party chairman]; People's Front Nepal (Rastriya Jana
Morcha) [Amik SHERCHAN, chairman]; Rastriya Janashakti Party or RJP
[Surya Bahadur THAPA, chairman]; note - split from RPP in March
2005; Samyukta Janmorcha Nepal [leader NA]; note - merged with
People's Front Nepal or PFN in 2002
Netherlands
Christian Democratic Appeal or CDA [Jan Peter
BALKENENDE]; Christian Union Party [Andre ROUVOET]; Democrats 66 or
D66 [Alexander PECHTOLD]; Green Left Party [Femke HALSEMA]; Labor
Party or PvdA [Wouter BOS]; List Pim Fortuyn [Olaf STUGER]; Party
for Freedom [Geert WILDERS]; People's Party for Freedom and
Democracy (Liberal) or VVD [Mark RUTTE]; Socialist Party [Jan
MARIJNISSEN]; Party for Freedom or PVV [Geert WILDERS]; Party for
the Animals or PvdD [Marianne THIEME]; Reformed Political Party of
SGP [Bas VAN DER VLIES]; plus a few minor parties
Netherlands Antilles
Bonaire: Democratic Party of Bonaire or PDB
[Jopi ABRAHAM]; Patriotic Union of Bonaire or UPB [Ramonsito BOOI]
Curacao: Ban Vota [Norbert GEORGE]; C-93 [Stanley BROWN]; Democratic
Party of Curacao or DP [Errol HERNANDEZ]; E Mayoria [Aurelio PEDRO];
Forsa Korsou [Nelson NAVARRO]; Liste Ni'un Paso Atras [Nelson
PIERRE]; Movemiento Patriotiko Korsou [Reginald LAK]; New Antilles
Movement or MAN [Charles COOPER]; Partido Akshon Pa Prosperidat I
Seguridat [Sonja BERKEMEYER]; Partido Laboral Krusada Popular or
PLKP [Errol COVA]; Party for the Restructured Antilles or PAR [Emily
de JONGH-ELHAGE]; People's National Party or PNP [Ersilia DE
LANNOOY]; Pidjin [Jasmin PINEDO]; Pueblo Soberano [Herman WIELS];
Workers' Liberation Front or FOL [Anthony GODETT]
Saba: Saba Labor Party [Akilah LEVENSTONE]; Windward Islands
People's Movement or WIPM [Ray HASSELL]
Sint Eustatius: Democratic Party of Sint Eustatius or DP-St. E
[Julian WOODLEY]; Progressive Labor Party [Clyde VAN PUTTEN]; St.
Eustatius Alliance [Ingrid HOUTMAN-WHITFIELD]
Sint Maarten: Democratic Party of Sint Maarten or DP-St. M [Sarah
WESCOTT-WILLIAMS]; Freedom Slate of National Democratic Party
[Theophilus PRIEST]; National Alliance or NA [William MARLIN];
People's Progressive Alliance or PPA [Gracita ARRINDELL]; St.
Maarten People's Party [Johan LEONARD]; United People's Labor Party
[Bienvenido RICHARDSON]
note: political parties are indigenous to each island
New Caledonia
Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX];
Caledonian Union or UC; Federation des Comites de Coordination des
Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy
GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak
Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA]
(includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or
PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in
the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The
Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour
l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist,
but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de
Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM
[Victor TUTUGORO]
New Zealand
ACT New Zealand [Rodney HIDE]; Green Party [Jeanette
FITZSIMONS]; Maori Party [Whatarangi WINIATA]; National Party or NP
[John KEY]; New Zealand First Party or NZFP [Winston PETERS]; New
Zealand Labor Party or NZLP [Helen CLARK]; Progressive Party [James
(Jim) ANDERTON]; United Future or UF [Peter DUNNE]
Nicaragua
Alliance for the Republic or APRE [Miguel LOPEZ Baldizon];
Central American Unionist Party or PUCA [Blanca ROJAS]; Christian
Alternative Party or AC [Orlando TARDENCILLA Espinoza]; Conservative
Party or PC [Azalia AVILES Salmeron]; Independent Liberal Party or
PLI [Anibal MARTINEZ Nunez, Pedro REYES Vallejos]; Independent
Liberal Party for National Unity or PLIUN [Carlos GUERRA Gallardo];
Liberal Constitutional Party or PLC [Jorge CASTILLO Quant]; Liberal
Salvation Movement or MSL [Eliseo NUNEZ Hernandez]; New Liberal
Party or PALI [Adolfo GARCIA Esquivel]; Nicaraguan Liberal Alliance
or ALN [Eduardo MONTEALEGRE]; Nicaraguan Party of the Christian Path
or PCCN [Guillermo OSORNO Molina]; Nicaraguan Resistance Party or
PRN [Salvador TALAVERA]; Sandinista National Liberation Front or
FSLN [Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra]; Sandinista Renovation Movement or MRS
[Dora Maria TELLEZ]; Unity Alliance or AU
Niger
Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama or CDS-Rahama
[Mahamane OUSMANE]; National Movement for a Developing
Society-Nassara or MNSD-Nassara [Hama AMADOU]; Niger Social
Democratic Party or PSDN; Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Social
Progress-Zaman Lahiya or ANDP-Zaman Lahiya [Moumouni DJERMAKOYE];
Nigerien Party for Autonomy or PNA-Alouma'a [Sanousi JACKOU];
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism or PNDS-Tarrayya [Issifou
MAHAMADOU]; Nigerien Progressive Party or PPN-RDA [Abdoulaye DIORI];
Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP-jama'a [Hamid ALGABID];
Social and Democratic Rally or RSD-Gaskiyya [Cheiffou AMADOU]
Nigeria
Action Congress or AC [Bise Akande]; Advanced Congress of
Demorats or ACD [Alex Anielo]; Alliance for Democracy or AD
[Mojisoluwa AKINFENWA]; All Nigeria Peoples' Party or ANPP [Edwin
UME-EZEOKE]; All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [disputed
leadership]; Democratic People's Party or DPP [Jerry Useni]; Fresh
Democratic Party [Chris OKOTIE]; Movement for the Restoration and
Defense of Democracy or MRDD [Mohammed Gambo JIMETA]; National
Democratic Party or NDP [Aliyu Habu FARI]; Peoples Democratic Party
or PDP [Dr. Ahmadu ALI]; Peoples Redemption Party or PRP [Abdulkadir
Balarabe MUSA]; Peoples Salvation Party or PSP [Lawal MAITURARE];
United Nigeria Peoples Party or UNPP [disputed leadership]
Niue
Alliance of Independents or AI; Niue People's Action Party or
NPP [Young VIVIAN]
Norfolk Island
none
Northern Mariana Islands
Covenant Party [Benigno R. FITIAL];
Democratic Party [Dr. Carlos S. CAMACHO]; Republican Party [Juan S.
REYES]
Norway
Center Party [Aslaug Marie HAGA]; Christian People's Party
[Dagfinn HOYBRATEN]; Coastal Party [Roy WAAGE]; Conservative Party
[Erna SOLBERG]; Labor Party [Jens STOLTENBERG]; Liberal Party [Lars
SPONHEIM]; Progress Party [Siv JENSEN]; Red Electoral Alliance
[Torstein DAHLE]; Socialist Left Party [Kristin HALVORSEN]
Oman
none
Pakistan
Awami National Party or ANP [Asfandyar Wali KHAN];
Balochistan National Party/Hayee Group or BNP/H [Dr. Hayee BALUCH];
Baluch National Party/Awami or BNP/Awami [Moheem Khan BALOCH];
Baluch National Party-Mengal or BNP/M [Sardar Ataullah MENGAL];
Jamhoori Watan Party or JWP; Jamiat-al-Hadith or JAH [Sajid MIR];
Jamiat-i-Islami or JI [Qazi Hussain AHMED]; Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam,
Fazlur Rehman faction or JUI/F [Fazlur REHMAN]; Jamiat
Ulema-i-Islam, Sami ul-HAQ faction or JUI/S [Sami ul-HAQ]; Jamiat
Ulema-i-Pakistan or JUP [Shah Faridul HAQ]; Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal
or MMA [Qazi Hussain AHMED]; Muttahida Qaumi Movement, or MQM [Altaf
HUSSAIN]; National Alliance or NA [Ghulam Mustapha JATOI] (merged
with PML); Pakhtun Khwa Milli Awami Party or PkMAP [Mahmood Khan
ACHAKZAI]; Pakistan Awami Tehrik or PAT [Tahir ul QADRI]; Pakistan
Muslim League, Functional Group or PML/F [Pir PAGARO]; Pakistan
Muslim League, Nawaz Sharif faction or PML/N [Nawaz SHARIF];
Pakistan Muslim League or PML [Chaudhry Shujaat HUSSAIN]; note - as
of May 2004, the PML/Q changed its name to PML and absorbed the
PML/J, PML/Z, and NA; Pakistan People's Party or PPP [Aftab Ahmed
Khan SHERPAO]; Pakistan People's Party Parliamentarians or PPPP
[Benazir BHUTTO]; Pakistan Tehrik-e-Insaaf or PTI [Imran KHAN];
Tehrik-i-Islami [Allama Sajid NAQVI]
note: political alliances in Pakistan can shift frequently
Palau
none
Panama
Democratic Change or CD [Ricardo MARTINELLI]; Democratic
Revolutionary Party or PRD [Hugo GUIRAUD]; Liberal Party or PL
[Joaquin F. Franco VASQUEZ]; Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement
or MOLIRENA [Gisela CHUNG]; Panamenista Party or PA (formerly the
Arnulfista Party) [Juan Carlos VARELA]; Patriotic Union Party or PUP
[Jose Raul MULINO and Anibal GALINDO]; Popular Party or PP (formerly
Christian Democratic Party or PDC) [Rene ORILLAC]
Papua New Guinea
Christian Democratic Party [Dr. Banare BUN];
Melanesian Alliance Party or MAP [Sir Moi AVEL]; National Alliance
Party or NA [Michael SOMARE]; National Party; Papua and Niugini
Union Party or PANGU [Rabbie NAMALIU]; Papua New Guinea First Party
[Cecilking DORUBA]; Papua New Guinea Labor Party [Bob DANAYA]; Papua
New Guinea Party or PNGP (was People's Democratic Movement or PDM)
[Sir Mekere MORAUTA]; People's Action Party or PAP [Moses MALADINA];
People's Labor Party or PLP [Ekis ROPENU]; People's National
Congress or PNC [Peter O'NEILL]; People's Progress Party or PPP
[Byron CHAN]; Pipol First Party [Luther WENGE]; United Party [Bire
KIMASOPA]; United Resources Party or URP [Tim NEVILLE] (2007)
Paraguay
Asociacion Nacional Republicana - Colorado Party or ANR
[Jose A. ALDERETE, interim president]; Movimiento Union Nacional de
Ciudadanos Eticos or UNACE [Enrique GONZALEZ Quintana, acting
chairman]; Patria Querida (Beloved Fatherland Party) or PQ [Pedro
Nicolas Maraa FADUL Niella]; Partido Encuentro Nacional or PEN [Luis
TORALES Kennedy]; Partido Liberal Radical Autentico or PLRA [Blas
LLANO]; Partido Pais Solidario or PPS [Carlos Alberto FILIZZOLA
Pallares]
note: Nicanor DUARTE FRUTOS on leave as party leader of the Colorado
Party or ANR while serving as President of Paraguay; Lino Cesar
OVIEDO Silva, leader of UNACE, is currently serving a ten-year
prison term
Peru
Alliance For Progress (Alianza Para El Progreso) [Cesar ACUNA
Peralta]; Alliance For The Future (Alianza Por El Futuro) or AF - a
coalition of pro-FUJIMORI parties including Cambio 90, Nueva
Mayoria, and Si Cumple [Martha CHAVEZ Cossio]; Centrist Front
(Frente Del Centro) or FC - a coalition of Accion Popular, Somos
Peru, and Coordinadora Nacional de Independientes [Drago KISIC];
Independent Moralizing Front (Frente Independiente Moralizador) or
FIM [Fernando OLIVERA Vega]; Nationalist Party Uniting Peru (Partido
Nacionalista Uniendo al Peru) or UPP - a coalition of Union for Peru
(UPP) and Peruvian Nationalist Party (PNP) [Ollanta HUMALA Tasso];
National Restoration (Restauracion Nacional) or RN [Humberto LAY
Sun]; National Unity (Unidad Nacional) or UN [Lourdes FLORES Nano];
Peru Possible (Peru Posible) or PP [David WAISMAN]; Peruvian Aprista
Party (Partido Aprista Peruano) or PAP - also referred to by its
original name Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana or APRA [Alan
GARCIA]
Philippines
Kabalikat Ng Malayang Pilipino (Kampi) [Ronaldo PUNO];
Laban Ng Demokratikong Pilipino (Struggle of Filipino Democrats) or
LDP [Edgardo ANGARA]; Lakas Ng Edsa (National Union of Christian
Democrats) or Lakas [Jose DE VENECIA]; Liberal Party or LP [Franklin
DRILON/Eli QUINTO]; Nacionalista [Manuel VILLAR]; National People's
Coalition or NPC [Frisco SAN JUAN]; PDP-Laban [Aquilino PIMENTEL];
People's Reform Party [Miriam Defensor SANTIAGO]; PROMDI [Emilio
OSMENA]; Pwersa Ng Masang Pilipino (Party of the Philippine Masses)
or PMP [Joseph ESTRADA]; Reporma [Renato DE VILLA]
Pitcairn Islands
none
Poland
Catholic-National Movement or RKN [Antoni MACIEREWICZ]; Civic
Platform or PO [Donald TUSK]; Conservative Peasants Party or SKL
[Artur BALASZ]; Democratic Left Alliance or SLD [Wojciech
OLEJNICZAK]; Democratic Party or PD [Janusz ONYSZKIEWICZ]; Dom
Ojczysty (Fatherland Home); German Minority of Lower Silesia or MNSO
[Henryk KROLL]; Law and Justice or PiS [Jaroslaw KACZYNSKI]; League
of Polish Families or LPR [Roman GIERTYCH]; Peasant-Democratic Party
or PLD [Roman JAGIELINSKI]; Polish Accord or PP [Jan LOPUSZANSKI];
Polish Peasant Party or PSL [Waldemar PAWLAK]; Ruch Patriotyczny or
RP [Jan OLSZEWSKI]; Samoobrona or SO [Andrzej LEPPER]; Social
Democratic Party of Poland or SDPL [Marek BOROWSKI]; Social Movement
or RS [Krzysztof PIESIEWICZ]; Union of Labor or UP [Andrzej
SPYCHALSKI]
Portugal
Green Ecologist Party or PEV [Heloisa Augusta Baiao de
Brito APOLONIA]; Popular Party or PP [Jose Ribeiro e CASTRO];
Portuguese Communist Party or PCP [Jeronimo DE SOUSA]; Portuguese
Socialist Party or PS [Jose SOCRATES Carvalho Pinto de Sousa];
Social Democratic Party or PSD [Luis Manuel Goncalves Marques
MENDES]; The Left Bloc or BE [Franciso Anacleto LOUCA]; Unitarian
Democratic Coalition or CDU (includes PEV and PCP) [Jeronimo DE
SOUSA]
Puerto Rico
National Democratic Party [Roberto PRATS]; National
Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Dr. Tiody FERRE]; New Progressive
Party or PNP (pro-US statehood) [Pedro ROSSELLO]; Popular Democratic
Party or PPD (pro-commonwealth) [Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA]; Puerto Rican
Independence Party or PIP (pro-independence) [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez]
Qatar
none
Romania
Conservative Party or PC [Dan VOICULESCU], formerly Humanist
Party or PUR; Democratic Party or PD [Emil BOC]; Democratic Union of
Hungarians in Romania or UDMR [Bela MARKO]; National Liberal Party
or PNL [Calin Popescu-TARICEANU]; Romania Mare Party (Greater
Romanian Party) or PRM [Corneliu Vadim TUDOR]; Social Democratic
Party or PSD [Mircea Dan GEOANA], formerly Party of Social Democracy
in Romania or PDSR
Russia
A Just Russia or JR [Sergey MIRONOV] (formed from the merger
of three small political parties: Rodina (Motherland), Pensioners
Party, and Party of Life); Communist Party of the Russian Federation
or CPRF [Gennadiy Andreyevich ZYUGANOV]; Liberal Democratic Party of
Russia or LDPR [Vladimir Volfovich ZHIRINOVSKIY]; People's Party
[Gennadiy GUDKOV]; Union of Right Forces or SPS [Nikita BELYKH];
United Russia or UR [Boris Vyacheslavovich GRYZLOV]; Yabloko Party
[Grigoriy Alekseyevich YAVLINSKIY]
Rwanda
Centrist Democratic Party or PDC [Alfred MUKEZAMFURA];
Democratic Popular Union of Rwanda or UDPR [Adrien RANGIRA];
Democratic Republican Movement or MDR [Celestin KABANDA] (officially
banned); Islamic Democratic Party or PDI [Andre BUMAYA]; Liberal
Party or PL [Prosper HIGIRO]; Party for Democratic Renewal
(officially banned); Rwandan Patriotic Front or RPF [Paul KAGAME];
Social Democratic Party or PSD [Vincent BIRUTA]
Saint Helena
none
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance
AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's
Action Movement or PAM [Lindsay GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor
Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS]
Saint Lucia
National Alliance or NA [George ODLUM]; Saint Lucia
Freedom Party or SFP [Martinus FRANCOIS]; Saint Lucia Labor Party or
SLP [Kenneth ANTHONY]; Sou Tout Apwe Fete Fini or STAFF [Christopher
HUNTE]; United Workers Party or UWP [Sir John COMPTON]
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Left Radical Party or PRG; Rassemblement
pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP); Socialist Party or PS; Union
pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
New Democratic Party or NDP [Arnhim
EUSTACE]; Unity Labor Party or ULP [Ralph GONSALVES] (formed by the
coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party or SVLP and the Movement for
National Unity or MNU)
Samoa
Human Rights Protection Party or HRPP [Sailele Malielegaoi
TUILA'EPA]; Samoa Christian Party or TCP [Tuala Tiresa MALIETOA];
Samoa Democratic United Party or SDUP [LE MAMEA Ropati]; Samoa Party
or SP [Su'a Rimoni Ah CHONG]; Samoa Progressive Political Party or
SPPP [Toeolesulusulu SIUEVA]
San Marino
Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in
Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [Glauco
SANSOVINI]; New Socialist Party [Augusto CASALI]; Party of
Socialists and Democrats [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian
Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular
Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino
Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or
SR [Renzo GIARDI]; United Left
Sao Tome and Principe
Democratic Renovation Party [Armindo GRACA];
Force for Change Democratic Movement or MDFM; Independent Democratic
Action or ADI [Carlos NEVES]; Movement for the Liberation of Sao
Tome and Principe-Social Democratic Party or MLSTP-PSD [Manuel Pinto
Da COSTA]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Aldo BANDEIRA];
Ue-Kedadji coalition; other small parties
Saudi Arabia
none
Senegal
African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP];
And-Jef/African Party for Democracy and Socialism (also known as
AJ/PADS) [Landing SAVANE, secretary general]; Alliance of Forces of
Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic and Patriotic
Convention or CDP (also known as Garab-Gi) [Dr. Iba Der THIAM];
Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye
BATHILY]; Front for Socialism and Democracy or FSD [Cheikh Abdoulaye
Bamba DIEYE]; Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS];
Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO]; Jef-Jel [Talla
SYLLA]; National Democratic Rally or RND [Madior DIOUF]; People's
Labor Party or PTP [Elhadji DIOUF]; Reform Party or PR [Abdourahim
AGNE]; Rewmi [Idrissa SECK]; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS
[Abdoulaye WADE]; Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]; SOPI
Coalition [Abdoulaye WADE] (a coalition led by the PDS); Union for
Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA]
Serbia
Coalition of Albanians of the Presevo Valley or KAPD [Riza
HALIMI]; Coalition for Sandzak or KZS [Sulejman UGLJANIN];
Democratic Party of Serbia or DSS [Vojislav KOSTUNICA]; Democratic
Party or DS [Boris TADIC]; G17 Plus [Mladjan DINKIC]; League of
Vojvodina Hungarians or SVM [Jozsef KASZA]; Liberal Democratic Party
or LDP [Cedomir JOVANOVIC]; New Serbia or NS [Velimir ILIC]; Roma
Party or RP [Srdjan SAJN]; Serbian Radical Party or SRS [Vojislav
SESELJ (currently on trial at The Hague), but Tomislav NIKOLIC is
acting leader]; Socialist Party of Serbia or SPS [Ivica DACIC];
Union of Roma of Serbia or URS [Rajko DJURIC]; Kosovo Albanian
Christian Democatic Party or PShDK [Mark KRASNIQI]; Alliance for the
Future of Kosovo or AAK [Rmuch HARADINAJ]; Citizens' Initiative of
Gora or GIG [Rustem IBISI]; Democratic Ashkali Party of Kosovo or
PDAK [Sabit RRAHMANI]; Democratic League of Kosovo or LDK [Fatmir
SEJDIU]; Democratic Party of Kosovo or PDK [Hashim THACI]; Justice
Party or PD [Sylejman CERKEZI]; Kosovo Democratic Turkish Party of
KDTP [Mahir YAGCILAR]; Liberal Party of Kosovo or PLK [Gjergi
DEDAJ]; New Democratic Initiative of Kosovo or IRDK [Xhevdet
NEZIRAJ]; Ora Citizens' List or Ora [Veton SURROI]; Party of
Democratic Action or SDA [Numan BALIC]; Popular Movement of Kosovo
or LPK [Emrush XHEMAJLI]; Serb List for Kosovo and Metohija or SLKM
[Oliver IVANOVIC]; Serb Democratic Party or SDS KiM [Slavisa
PETKOVIC]; United Roma Partty of Kosovo or PREBK [Zylfi MERXHA]
Seychelles
Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM, Paul CHOW];
Seychelles National Party or SNP [Wavel RAMKALAWAN] (formerly the
United Opposition or UO); Seychelles People's Progressive Front or
SPPF [France Albert RENE, James MICHEL] (the governing party)
Sierra Leone
All People's Congress or APC [Ernest Bai KOROMA]; Peace
and Liberation Party or PLP [Darlington MORRISON, interim chairman];
People's Movement for Democratic Change or PMDC [Charles MARGAI];
Sierra Leone People's Party or SLPP [Solomon BEREWA]; numerous others
Singapore
People's Action Party or PAP [LEE Hsien Loong]; Singapore
Democratic Alliance or SDA [CHIAM See Tong]; Singapore Democratic
Party or SDP [CHEE Soon Juan]; Workers' Party or WP [Sylvia LIM Swee
Lian]
note: SDA includes National Solidarity Party or NSP, Singapore
Justice Party or SJP, Singapore National Malay Organization or PKMS,
Singapore People's Party or SPP
Slovakia
Parties in the Parliament: Christian Democratic Movement or
KDH [Pavol HRUSOVSKY]; Direction-Social Democracy or Smer-SD [Robert
FICO]; Party of the Hungarian Coalition or SMK [Bela BUGAR];
People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia or LS-HZDS
[Vladimir MECIAR]; Slovak Democratic and Christian Union or SDKU-DS
[Mikulas DZURINDA]; Slovak National Party or SNS [Jan SLOTA];
Parties outside the Parliament: Agrarian Party of the Provinces or
ASV [Jozef VASKEBA]; Civic Conservative Party or OKS [Peter TATAR];
Free Forum [Zuzana MARTINAKOVA]; Hope or NADEJ [Alexandra NOVOTNA];
Left-wing Bloc or LB [Jozef KALMAN]; Mission 21 - New Christian
Democracy or MISIA 21 [Ivan SIMKO]; Movement for Democracy or HZD
[Jozef GRAPA]; New Citizens Alliance or ANO [Pavol RUSKO]; Party of
the Democratic Left or SDL [Ladislav KOZMON]; Prosperita Slovenska
or PS [Frantisek A. ZVRSKOVEC]; Slovak Communist Party or KSS
[Vladimir DADO]; Slovak National Coalition or SLNKO [Vitazoslav
MORIC]; Slovak People's Party or SLS [Jozef SASIK]; Union of the
Workers of Slovakia or ZRS [Jan LUPTAK]
Slovenia
Liberal Democratic Party or LDS [Jelko KACIN]; New Slovenia
or NSi [Andrej BAJUK]; Slovenian Democratic Party or SDS [Janez
JANSA]; Slovenian Democratic Pensioners' Party or DeSUS [Karl
ERJAVEC]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC]; Slovene
People's Party or SLS [Janez PODOBNIK]; Slovene Youth Party or SMS
[Darko KRANJC]; Social Democrats or SD [Borut PAHOR]
Solomon Islands
Association of Independent Members or AIM [Thomas
CHAN]; Christian Alliance Solomon Islands or CASI [Edward RONIA];
LAFARI Party [John GARO]; National Party [Francis HILLY]; People's
Alliance Party or PAP [Sir Allan KEMAKEZA]; Social Credit Party or
SOCRED [Manasseh Damukana SOGAVARE]; Solomon First Party [David
QUAN]; Solomon Islands Democratic Party [Gabriel SURI]; Solomon
Islands Labor Party or SILP [Joses TUHANUKU]; Solomon Islands
Liberal Party [Bartholomew ULUFA'ALU]; Solomon Islands Party for
Rural Advancement or SIPRA [Job D. TAUSINGA]; United Party [Sir
Peter KENILOREA]
note: in general, Solomon Islands politics is characterized by fluid
coalitions
Somalia
none
South Africa
African Christian Democratic Party or ACDP [Kenneth
MESHOE, president]; African National Congress or ANC [Thabo MBEKI,
president]; Democratic Alliance or DA [Anthony LEON, president];
Freedom Front Plus or FF+ [Pieter MULDER, president]; Inkatha
Freedom Party or IFP [Mangosuthu BUTHELEZI, president];
Pan-Africanist Congress or PAC [Motsoko PHEKO, president]; United
Democratic Movement or UDM [Bantu HOLOMISA]
Spain
Aragonese Party or CHA [Bizen FUSTER]; Basque Nationalist
Party or PNV [Josu Jon IMAZ]; Basque Solidarity or EA [Begona
ERRAZTI]; Canarian Coalition or CC (a coalition of five parties)
[Paulino RIVERO Baute]; Convergence and Union or CiU [Artur MAS i
Gavarro] (a coalition of the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia or
CDC [Artur MAS i Gavarro] and the Democratic Union of Catalonia or
UDC [Josep Antoni DURAN i LLEIDA]); Entesa Catalonia de Progress (a
Senate coalition grouping four Catalan parties - PSC, ERC, ICV,
EUA); Galician Nationalist Bloc or BNG [Anxo Manuel QUINTANA
Gonzalez]; Initiative for Catalonia Greens or ICV [Joan SAURA i
Laporta]; Navarra yes or Na Bai (a coalition of four Navarran
parties) [Uxue BARKOS Berruezo]; Popular Party or PP [Mariano RAJOY
Brey]; Republican Left of Catalonia or ERC [Josep-Lluis
CAROD-ROVIRA]; Spanish Socialist Workers Party or PSOE [Jose Luis
RODRIGUEZ ZAPATERO]; United Left or IU (a coalition of parties
including the PCE and other small parties) [Gaspar LLAMAZARES Trigo]
Sri Lanka
All Ceylon Tamil Congress or ACTC [KUMARGURUPARAM]; Ceylon
Workers Congress or CWC [Arumugam THONDAMAN]; Communist Party or CP
[D. GUNASEKERA]; Democratic United National (Lalith) Front or DUNLF
[Shrimani ATULATHMUDALI]; Eelam People's Democratic Party or EPDP
[Douglas DEVANANDA]; Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front
or EPRLF [Suresh PREMACHANDRAN]; Janatha Vimukthi Perumuna or JVP
[Somawansa AMARASINGHE]; Lanka Sama Samaja Party or LSSP; Mahajana
Eksath Peramuna (People's United Front) or MEP [D. GUNAWARDENE];
National Heritage Party or JHU [Tilak KARUNARATNE]; National Unity
Alliance or NUA [Ferial ASHRAFF]; People's Liberation Organization
of Tamil Eelam or PLOTE [D. SIDHARTHAN]; Sihala Urumaya or SU; Sri
Lanka Freedom Party or SLFP [Chandrika Bandaranaike KUMARATUNGA];
Sri Lanka Muslim Congress or SLMC [Rauff HAKEEM]; Sri Lanka
Progressive Front or SLPF [P. Nelson PERERA]; Tamil Eelam Liberation
Organization or TELO [SABARATNAM]; Tamil National Alliance or TNA
[R. SAMPANTHAN]; Tamil United Liberation Front or TULF [V.
ANANDASANGAREE]; United National Party or UNP [Ranil
WICKREMASINGHE]; Up-country People's Front or UPF [P.
CHANDRASEKARAN]; several ethnic Tamil and Muslim parties,
represented in either Parliament or provincial councils
Sudan
political parties in the Government of National Unity include:
National Congress Party or NCP [Ibrahim Ahmed OMAR]; Sudan People's
Liberation Movement or SPLM [Salva Mayardit KIIR]; and elements of
the National Democratic Alliance or NDA including factions of the
Democratic Union Party [Muhammad Uthman al-MIRGHANI] and Umma Party
[SADIQ Siddiq al-Mahdi]
Suriname
Alternative-1 or A-1 (a coalition of Amazone Party of
Suriname or APS [Kenneth VAN GENDEREN], Democrats of the 21st
Century or D-21 [Soewarto MOESTADJA], Nieuw Suriname or NS [Radjen
Nanan PANDAY], Political Wing of the FAL or PVF [Jiwan SITAL],
Trefpunt 2000 or T-2000 [Arti JESSURUN]); General Interior
Development Party or ABOP [Ronnie BRUNSWIJK]; National Democratic
Party or NDP [Desire BOUTERSE]; New Front for Democracy and
Development or NF (a coalition which includes A-Combination or A-Com
[leader NA], Democratic Alternative 1991 or DA-91 which split from
the A-1 before the elections of May 2005 and are an independent,
business-oriented party [Winston JESSURUN], National Party Suriname
or NPS [Ronald VENETIAAN], United Reform Party or VHP [Ram SARDJOE],
Pertjaja Luhur or PL [Salam Paul SOMOHARDJO], Surinamese Labor Party
or SPA [Siegfried GILDS]); Party for Democracy and Development in
Unity or DOE [Marten SCHALKWIJK]; People's Alliance for Progress or
VVV (a coalition of Democratic National Platform 2000 or DNP-2000
[Jules WIJDENBOSCH], Grassroots Party for Renewal and Democracy or
BVD [Tjan GOBARDHAN], Party for National Unity and Solidarity of the
Highest Order or KTPI [Willy SOEMITA], Party for Progression,
Justice, and Perseverance or PPRS [Renee KAIMAN], Pendawalima or PL
[Raymond SAPOEN]); Progressive Laborers and Farmers Union or PALU
[Jim HOK]; Progressive Political Party or PPP [Surinder MUNGRA];
Seeka [Paul ABENA]; Union of Progressive Surinamers or UPS [Sheoradj
PANDAY]
Swaziland
The status of political parties, previously banned, is
unclear under the new (2006)Constitution and currently being debated
- the following are considered political associations; Imbokodvo
National Movement or INM; Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or
NNLC [Obed DLAMINI, president]; People's United Democratic Movement
or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president]
Sweden
Center Party [Maud OLOFSSON]; Christian Democratic Party
[Goran HAGGLUND]; Environment Party the Greens [no formal leader but
party spokespersons are Maria WETTERSTRAND and Peter ERIKSSON]; Left
Party or V (formerly Communist) [Lars OHLY]; Moderate Party
(conservative) [Fredrik REINFELDT]; People's Party [Lars
LEIJONBORG]; Social Democratic Party [Goran PERSSON]
Switzerland
Green Party (Gruene Partei der Schweiz or Grune, Parti
Ecologiste Suisse or Les Verts, Partito Ecologista Svizzero or I
Verdi, Partida Ecologica Svizra or La Verda) [Ruth GENNER];
Christian Democratic People's Party (Christichdemokratische
Volkspartei der Schweiz or CVP, Parti Democrate-Chretien Suisse or
PDC, Partito Democratico-Cristiano Popolare Svizzero or PDC, Partida
Cristiandemocratica dalla Svizra or PCD) [Christophe DARBELLAY,
president]; Radical Free Democratic Party (Freisinnig-Demokratische
Partei der Schweiz or FDP, Parti Radical-Democratique Suisse or PRD,
Partitio Liberal-Radicale Svizzero or PLR) [Fulvio PELLI,
president]; Social Democratic Party (Sozialdemokratische Partei der
Schweiz or SPS, Parti Socialist Suisse or PSS, Partito Socialista
Svizzero or PSS, Partida Socialdemocratica de la Svizra or PSS)
[Hans-Juerg FEHR, president]; Swiss People's Party (Schweizerische
Volkspartei or SVP, Union Democratique du Centre or UDC, Unione
Democratica de Centro or UDC, Uniun Democratica dal Center or UDC)
[Ueli MAURER, president]; and other minor parties
Syria
note - legal parties include: National Progressive Front or
NPF [President Bashar al-ASAD, Dr. Suleiman QADDAH, deputy]
(includes Arab Socialist Renaissance (Ba'th) Party [President Bashar
al-ASAD, secretary; Muhammad BAKHITAN, assistant secretary general];
Arab Socialist Renaissance (Ba'th) Party [President Bashar al-ASAD,
secretary general; Muhammad BAKHITAN, assistant secretary general];
Socialist Unionist Democratic Party [Fadlallah Nasr Al-DIN]; Syrian
Arab Socialist Union or ASU [Safwan QUDSI]; Syrian Communist Party
(two branches) [Wissal Farha BAKDASH, Yusuf Rashid FAYSAL]; Syrian
Social National Party [Jubran URAYJI]; Unionist Socialist Party
[Fayez ISMAIL]); illegal parties include: Kurdish Azadi Party [Khayr
al-Din MURAD]; Kurdish Democratic Alliance (includes four parties)
[Abd al-Hamid DARWISH, secretary general]; Kurdish Democratic Front
(includes three parties but no designated leader); Kurdish
Democratic Union Party or PYD [Ali MUHAMMAD]; Kurdish Future
Movement; Kurdish Yekiti Party [Hasan SALEH]; National Democratic
Front [Hassan Abd al-AZEM];
Taiwan
Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [YU Shyi-kun]; Kuomintang
or KMT (Nationalist Party) [MA Ying-jeou]; People First Party or PFP
[CHANG Chao-hsiung (acting)]; Taiwan Solidarity Union or TSU [HUANG
Kun-hui]; other minor parties including the Chinese New Party or NP
Tajikistan
Agrarian Party of Tajikistan or APT [Amir KARAKULOV];
Democratic Party or DPT [Mahmadruzi ISKANDAROV (imprisoned October
2005)]; Islamic Revival Party [Muhiddin KABIRI]; Party of Economic
Reform or PER [Olimjon BOBOYEV]; People's Democratic Party of
Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMONOV]; Social Democratic Party or
SDPT [Rahmatullo ZOYIROV]; Socialist Party or SPT [Abdualim
GHAFFOROV]; Tajik Communist Party or CPT [Shodi SHABDOLOV]
Tanzania
Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (Party of Democracy and
Development) or CHADEMA [Bob MAKANI]; Chama Cha Mapinduzi or CCM
(Revolutionary Party) [Jakaya Mrisho KIKWETE]; Civic United Front or
CUF [Ibrahim LIPUMBA]; Democratic Party [Christopher MTIKLA]
(unregistered); Tanzania Labor Party or TLP [Augustine Lyatonga
MREME]; United Democratic Party or UDP [John CHEYO]
Thailand
Democrat Party or DP (Prachathipat Party) [ABHISIT
Wetchachiwa]; People's Party or PP (Mahachon Party) [ANEK
Laothamatas]; Thai Nation Party or TNP (Chat Thai Party) [BARNHARN
SILPA-ARCHA]; Thai Rak Thai Party or TRT [CHATURON Chaisang]
Togo
Action Committee for Renewal or CAR [Yawovi AGBOYIBO];
Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA; Democratic Party
for Renewal or PDR; Juvento [Monsilia DJATO]; Movement of the
Believers of Peace and Equality or MOCEP; Pan-African Patriotic
Convergence or CPP; Rally for the Support for Development and
Democracy or RSDD [Harry OLYMPIO]; Rally of the Togolese People or
RPT [Faure GNASSINGBE]; Socialist Pact for Renewal or PSR; Union for
Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Gagou KOKOU]; Union of Forces
for a Change or UFC [Gilchrist OLYMPIO]
Tokelau
none
Tonga
People's Democratic Party [Tesina FUKO]
Trinidad and Tobago
Congress of the People [Winston Dookeran];
Democratic National Alliance or DNA (coalition of NAR, DDPT, MND)
[Gerald YETMING]; Movement for National Development or MND [Garvin
NICHOLAS]; National Alliance for Reconstruction or NAR [Dr. Carson
CHARLES]; People's National Movement or PNM [Patrick MANNING];
United National Congress or UNC [Basdeo PANDAY]; Democratic Action
Congress or DAC [Hochoy CHARLES], note - only active in Tobago
Tunisia
Al-Tajdid Movement [Ali HALOUANI]; Constitutional Democratic
Rally Party (Rassemblement Constitutionnel Democratique) or RCD
[President Zine El Abidine BEN ALI (official ruling party)]; Green
Party for Progress or PVP [Mongi KHAMASSI]; Liberal Social Party or
PSL [Mounir BEJI]; Movement of Socialist Democrats or MDS [Ismail
BOULAHYA]; Popular Unity Party or PUP [Mohamed BOUCHIHA];
Progressive Democratic Party [Nejib CHEBBI]; Unionist Democratic
Union or UDU [Ahmed INOUBLI]
Turkey
Anavatan Partisi (Motherland Party) or Anavatan [Erkan
MUMCU]; Democratic Left Party or DSP [Mehmet Zeki SEZER]; Democratic
Society Party or DTP [Ahmet TURK]; Felicity Party (sometimes
translated as Contentment Party) or SP [Recai KUTAN]; Justice and
Development Party or AKP [Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN]; Nationalist Action
Party or MHP (sometimes translated as Nationalist Movement Party)
[Devlet BAHCELI]; People's Rise Party (Halkin Yukselisi Partisi) or
HYP [Yasar Nuri OZTURK]; Republican People's Party or CHP [Deniz
BAYKAL]; Social Democratic People's Party or SHP [Murat KARAYALCIN];
True Path Party (sometimes translated as Correct Way Party) or DYP
[Mehmet AGAR]; Young Party or GP [Cem Cengiz UZAN]
note: the parties listed above are some of the more significant of
the 49 parties that Turkey had on 1 December 2004
Turkmenistan
Democratic Party of Turkmenistan or DPT [Saparmurat
NIYAZOV]
note: formal opposition parties are outlawed; unofficial, small
opposition movements exist underground or in foreign countries; the
two most prominent opposition groups-in-exile have been National
Democratic Movement of Turkmenistan (NDMT) and the United Democratic
Party of Turkmenistan (UDPT); NDMT was led by former Foreign
Minister Boris SHIKHMURADOV until his arrest and imprisonment in the
wake of the 25 November 2002 assassination attempt on President
NIYAZOV; UDPT is led by former Foreign Minister Abdy KULIEV and is
based out of Moscow
Turks and Caicos Islands
People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek
H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]
Tuvalu
there are no political parties but members of Parliament
usually align themselves in informal groupings
Uganda
Conservative Party or CP [Ken LUKYAMUZI]; Democratic Party or
DP [Kizito SSEBAANA]; Forum for Democratic Change or FDC [Kizza
BESIGYE]; Justice Forum or JEEMA [Muhammad Kibirige MAYANJA];
National Democrats Forum [Chapaa KARUHANGA]; National Resistance
Movement or NRM [Yoweri MUSEVENI]; Ugandan People's Congress or UPC
[Miria OBOTE]
note: a national referendum in July 2005 opened the way for Uganda's
transition to a multi-party political system
Ukraine
Communist Party of Ukraine or CPU [Petro SYMONENKO];
Fatherland Party (Batkivshchyna) [Yuliya TYMOSHENKO]; People's Party
Our Ukraine [Viktor YUSHCHENKO]; Party of Industrialists and
Entrepreneurs [Anatoliy KINAKH]; People's Movement of Ukraine (Rukh)
[Borys TARASYUK]; People's Party [Volodymyr LYTVYN]; PORA! (It's
Time!) party [Vladyslav KASKIV]; Progressive Socialist Party
[Natalya VITRENKO]; Reforms and Order Party [Viktor PYNZENYK]; Party
of Regions [Viktor YANUKOVYCH]; Republican Party [Yuriy BOYKO];
Social Democratic Party (United) or SDPU(o) [Viktor MEDVEDCHUK];
Socialist Party of Ukraine or SPU [Oleksandr MOROZ, chairman];
Ukrainian People's Party [Yuriy KOSTENKO]; Viche [Inna BOHUSLOVSKA]
United Arab Emirates
none
United Kingdom
Conservative and Unionist Party [David CAMERON];
Democratic Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) [Rev. Ian PAISLEY];
Labor Party [Anthony (Tony) BLAIR]; Liberal Democrats [Sir Menzies
CAMPBELL]; Party of Wales (Plaid Cymru) [Ieuan Wyn JONES]; Scottish
National Party or SNP [Alex SALMOND]; Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland)
[Gerry ADAMS]; Social Democratic and Labor Party or SDLP (Northern
Ireland) [Mark DURKAN]; Ulster Unionist Party (Northern Ireland)
[Sir Reg EMPEY]
United States
Democratic Party [Howard DEAN]; Green Party;
Libertarian Party [Steve DAMERELL]; Republican Party [Ken MEHLMAN]
Uruguay
Broad Front Coalition (Frente Amplio) - formerly known as
the Progressive Encounter/Broad Front Coalition or EP-FA [Jorge
BROVETTO]; Colorado Party [Julio Maria SANGUINETTI]; Independent
Party (Partido Independiente) [Pablo MIERES]; Movement of Popular
Participation or MPP [Jose MUJICA]; National Party or Blanco [Jorge
LARRANAGA]; New Sector/Space Coalition (Nuevo Espacio) [Rafael
MICHELINI]; Broad Front Coalition (Frente Amplio) - formerly known
as the Progressive Encounter/Broad Front Coalition or EP-FA [Jorge
BROVETTO]; Uruguayan Assembly or Asamblea Uruguay [Danilo ASTORI]
Uzbekistan
Adolat (Justice) Social Democratic Party [Dilorom
TASHMUHAMMEDOVA, chief]; Democratic National Rebirth Party (Milly
Tiklanish) or MTP [Hurshid DOSMUHAMMEDOV, chief]; Fidokorlar
National Democratic Party (Self-Sacrificers) [Ahtam TURSUNOV,
chief]; Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan or LDPU [Adham
SHADMANOV, chief]; People's Democratic Party or NDP (formerly
Communist Party) [Asliddin RUSTAMOV, first secretary]
Vanuatu
Jon Frum Movement [Song KEASPAI]; Melanesian Progressive
Party or MPP [Barak SOPE]; National United Party or NUP [Hem LINI];
Union of Moderate Parties or UMP [Serge VOHOR]; Vanua'aku Pati (Our
Land Party) or VP [Edward NATAPEI]; Vanuatu Greens Party or VGP
[Moana CARCASSES]; Vanuatu Republican Party or VRP [Maxime Carlot
KORMAN]
Venezuela
A New Time or UNT [Manuel ROSALES]; Christian Democrats or
COPEI [Cesar PEREZ Vivas]; Democratic Action or AD [Henry RAMOS
Allup]; Fatherland for All or PPT [Jose ALBORNOZ]; Fifth Republic
Movement or MVR [Hugo CHAVEZ]; Justice First [Julio BORGES];
Movement Toward Socialism or MAS [Hector MUJICA]; Venezuela Project
or PV [Henrique SALAS Romer]; We Can or PODEMOS [Ismael GARCIA]
Vietnam
Communist Party of Vietnam or CPV [Nong Duc MANH]; other
parties proscribed
Virgin Islands
Democratic Party [Arturo WATLINGTON]; Independent
Citizens' Movement or ICM [Usie RICHARDS]; Republican Party [Gary
SPRAUVE]
Wallis and Futuna
Lua Kae Tahi (Giscardians); Mouvement des Radicaux
de Gauche or MRG; Rally for the Republic or RPR (UMP) [Clovis
LOGOLOGOFOLAU]; Socialist Party or PS; Taumu'a Lelei [Soane Muni
UHILA]; Union Populaire Locale or UPL [Falakiko GATA]; Union Pour la
Democratie Francaise or UDF
Yemen
there are more than 12 political parties active in Yemen, some
of the more prominent are: General People's Congress or GPC
[President Ali Abdallah SALIH]; Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah
[Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR]; Nasserite Unionist Party
[Abdal Malik al-MAKHLAFI]; National Arab Socialist Ba'th Party [Dr.
Qasim SALAM]; Yemeni Socialist Party or YSP [Ali Salih MUQBIL]
Zambia
Agenda for Zambia or AZ [Inonge MBIKUSITA-LEWANIKA]; Forum
for Democracy and Development or FDD [Christon TEMBO]; Heritage
Party or HP [Godfrey MIYANDA]; Liberal Progressive Front or LPF
[Roger CHONGWE, president]; Movement for Multiparty Democracy or MMD
[Levy MWANAWASA, acting president]; National Leadership for
Development or NLD [Yobert SHAMAPANDE]; National Party or NP [Dr.
Sam CHIPUNGU]; Patriotic Front or PF [Michael SATA]; Social
Democratic Party or SDP [Gwendoline KONIE]; United National
Independence Party or UNIP [Francis NKHOMA, president]; United Party
for National Development or UPND [Anderson MAZOKA]; Zambian
Republican Party or ZRP [Benjamin MWILA]
Zimbabwe
African National Party or ANP; Movement for Democratic
Change or MDC [Morgan TSVANGIRAI]; Peace Action is Freedom for All
or PAFA; United Parties [Abel MUZOREWA]; United People's Party
[Daniel SHUMBA]; Zimbabwe African National Union-Ndonga or
ZANU-Ndonga [Wilson KUMBULA]; Zimbabwe African National
Union-Patriotic Front or ZANU-PF [Robert Gabriel MUGABE]; Zimbabwe
African Peoples Union or ZAPU [Agrippa MADLELA]; Zimbabwe Youth in
Alliance or ZIYA
This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007
======================================================================
@2119 Population
Afghanistan
31,056,997 (July 2006 est.)
Akrotiri
no indigenous inhabitants
note: approximately 1,300 military personnel are on the base; there
are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military
personnel or civilian staff on both Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus
citizens work on the base, but do not live there
Albania
3,581,655 (July 2006 est.)
Algeria
32,930,091 (July 2006 est.)
American Samoa
57,794 (July 2006 est.)
Andorra
71,201 (July 2006 est.)
Angola
12,127,071 (July 2006 est.)
Anguilla
13,477 (July 2006 est.)
Antarctica
no indigenous inhabitants, but there are both permanent
and summer-only staffed research stations
note: 26 nations, all signatory to the Antarctic Treaty, operate
through their National Antarctic Program a number of seasonal-only
(summer) and year-round research stations on the continent and its
nearby islands south of 60 degrees south latitude (the region
covered by the Antarctic Treaty); these stations' population of
persons doing and supporting science or engaged in the management
and protection of the Antarctic region varies from approximately
4,000 in summer to 1,000 in winter; in addition, approximately 1,000
personnel, including ship's crew and scientists doing onboard
research, are present in the waters of the treaty region; peak
summer (December-February) population - 3,822 total; Argentina 417,
Australia 213, Brazil 40, Bulgaria 15, Chile 224, China 70, Ecuador
22, Finland 20, France 123, Germany 78, India 65, Italy 112, Japan
150, South Korea 60, NZ 85, Norway 44, Peru 28, Poland 40, Russia
429, South Africa 80, Spain 28, Sweden 20, Ukraine 24, UK 205, US
1,170, Uruguay 60 (2005-2006); winter (June-August) station
population - 1,028 total; Argentina 176, Australia 62, Brazil 12,
Chile 88, China 29, France 37, Germany 9, India 25, Italy 2, Japan
40, South Korea 15, NZ 10, Norway 7, Poland 12, Russia 148, South
Africa 10, Ukraine 12, UK 37, US 288, Uruguay 9 (2005); research
stations operated within the Antarctic Treaty area (south of 60
degrees south latitude) by members of the Council of Managers of
National Antarctic Programs (COMNAP): year-round stations - 37
total; Argentina 6, Australia 3, Brazil 1, Chile 3, China 2, France
1, Germany 1, India 1, Japan 1, South Korea 1, NZ 1, Norway 1,
Poland 1, Russia 5, South Africa 1, Ukraine 1, UK 2, US 3, Uruguay
1, Italy and France jointly 1 (2005); seasonal-only (summer)
stations - 15 total; Australia 1, Bulgaria 1, Chile 1, Ecuador 1,
Finland 1, Germany 1, Italy 1, Japan 1, Norway 1, Peru 1, Russia 1,
Spain 2, Sweden 1, UK 1 (2005-2006); in addition, during the austral
summer some nations have numerous occupied locations such as tent
camps, summer-long temporary facilities, and mobile traverses in
support of research
Antigua and Barbuda
69,108 (July 2006 est.)
Argentina
39,921,833 (July 2006 est.)
Armenia
2,976,372 (July 2006 est.)
Aruba
71,891 (July 2006 est.)
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
no indigenous inhabitants
note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and
fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2006 est.)
Australia
20,264,082 (July 2006 est.)
Austria
8,192,880 (July 2006 est.)
Azerbaijan
7,961,619 (July 2006 est.)
Bahamas, The
303,770
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Bahrain
698,585
note: includes 235,108 non-nationals (July 2006 est.)
Baker Island
uninhabited
note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and
naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during
World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by
special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and
generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and
remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the
middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife
Service (2005 est.)
Bangladesh
147,365,352 (July 2006 est.)
Barbados
279,912 (July 2006 est.)
Bassas da India
uninhabited (July 2006 est.)
Belarus
10,293,011 (July 2006 est.)
Belgium
10,379,067 (July 2006 est.)
Belize
287,730 (July 2006 est.)
Benin
7,862,944
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Bermuda
65,773 (July 2006 est.)
Bhutan
2,279,723
note: other estimates range as low as 810,000 (July 2006 est.)
Bolivia
8,989,046 (July 2006 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
4,498,976 (July 2006 est.)
Botswana
1,639,833
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Bouvet Island
uninhabited (July 2006 est.)
Brazil
188,078,227
note: Brazil conducted a census in August 2000, which reported a
population of 169,799,170; that figure was about 3.3% lower than
projections by the US Census Bureau, and is close to the implied
underenumeration of 4.6% for the 1991 census; estimates for this
country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality
due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant
mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and
changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would
otherwise be expected (July 2006 est.)
British Indian Ocean Territory
no indigenous inhabitants
note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in
the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois,
were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and
1970s; in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a
British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in
November 2004, there were approximately 4,000 UK and US military
personnel and civilian contractors living on the island of Diego
Garcia (July 2006 est.)
British Virgin Islands
23,098 (July 2006 est.)
Brunei
379,444 (July 2006 est.)
Bulgaria
7,385,367 (July 2006 est.)
Burkina Faso
13,902,972
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Burma
47,382,633
note: estimates for this country take into account the effects of
excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life
expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Burundi
8,090,068
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Cambodia
13,881,427
note: estimates for this country take into account the effects of
excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life
expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Cameroon
17,340,702
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Canada
33,098,932 (July 2006 est.)
Cape Verde
420,979 (July 2006 est.)
Cayman Islands
45,436
note: most of the population lives on Grand Cayman (July 2006 est.)
Central African Republic
4,303,356
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Chad
9,944,201 (July 2006 est.)
Chile
16,134,219 (July 2006 est.)
China
1,313,973,713 (July 2006 est.)
Christmas Island
1,493 (July 2006 est.)
Clipperton Island
uninhabited (July 2006 est.)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
574 (July 2006 est.)
Colombia
43,593,035 (July 2006 est.)
Comoros
690,948 (July 2006 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
62,660,551
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Congo, Republic of the
3,702,314
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Cook Islands
21,388 (July 2006 est.)
Coral Sea Islands
no indigenous inhabitants
note: there is a staff of three to four at the meteorological
station (2005 est.)
Costa Rica
4,075,261 (July 2006 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire
17,654,843
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Croatia
4,494,749 (July 2006 est.)
Cuba
11,382,820 (July 2006 est.)
Cyprus
784,301 (July 2006 est.)
Czech Republic
10,235,455 (July 2006 est.)
Denmark
5,450,661 (July 2006 est.)
Dhekelia
no indigenous personnel
note: approximately 2,200 military personnel are on the base; there
are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military
personnel or civilian staff on both the bases of Akrotiri and
Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there
Djibouti
486,530 (July 2006 est.)
Dominica
68,910 (July 2006 est.)
Dominican Republic
9,183,984 (July 2006 est.)
East Timor
1,062,777
note: other estimates range as low as 800,000 (July 2006 est.)
Ecuador
13,547,510 (July 2006 est.)
Egypt
78,887,007 (July 2006 est.)
El Salvador
6,822,378 (July 2006 est.)
Equatorial Guinea
540,109 (July 2006 est.)
Eritrea
4,786,994 (July 2006 est.)
Estonia
1,324,333 (July 2006 est.)
Ethiopia
74,777,981
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Europa Island
no indigenous inhabitants
note: there is a small French military garrison and a few
meteorologists; visited by scientists (July 2006 est.)
European Union
486,642,177 (July 2006 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
2,967 (July 2006 est.)
Faroe Islands
47,246 (July 2006 est.)
Fiji
905,949 (July 2006 est.)
Finland
5,231,372 (July 2006 est.)
France
total: 62,752,136
note: 60,876,136 in metropolitan France (July 2006 est.)
French Polynesia
274,578 (July 2006 est.)
French Southern and Antarctic Lands
no indigenous inhabitants
note: in 2002, there were 145 researchers whose numbers vary from
winter (July) to summer (January) (July 2006 est.)
Gabon
1,424,906
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Gambia, The
1,641,564 (July 2006 est.)
Gaza Strip
1,428,757 (July 2006 est.)
Georgia
4,661,473 (July 2006 est.)
Germany
82,422,299 (July 2006 est.)
Ghana
22,409,572
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Gibraltar
27,928 (July 2006 est.)
Glorioso Islands
no indigenous inhabitants
note: there is a small French military garrison along with a few
meteorologists; visited by scientists (July 2006 est.)
Greece
10,688,058 (July 2006 est.)
Greenland
56,361 (July 2006 est.)
Grenada
89,703 (July 2006 est.)
Guam
171,019 (July 2006 est.)
Guatemala
12,293,545 (July 2006 est.)
Guernsey
65,409 (July 2006 est.)
Guinea
9,690,222 (July 2006 est.)
Guinea-Bissau
1,442,029 (July 2006 est.)
Guyana
767,245
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Haiti
8,308,504
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Heard Island and McDonald Islands
uninhabited (July 2006 est.)
Holy See (Vatican City)
932 (July 2006 est.)
Honduras
7,326,496
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Hong Kong
6,940,432 (July 2006 est.)
Howland Island
uninhabited
note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and
naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during
World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by
special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and
generally restricted to scientists and educators; visited annually
by US Fish and Wildlife Service (July 2006 est.)
Hungary
9,981,334 (July 2006 est.)
Iceland
299,388 (July 2006 est.)
Iles Eparses
Bassas da India: uninhabitable
Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island: a small French
military garrison and a few meteorologists on each possession;
visited by scientists
Tromelin Island: uninhabited, except for visits by scientists
India
1,095,351,995 (July 2006 est.)
Indonesia
245,452,739 (July 2006 est.)
Iran
68,688,433 (July 2006 est.)
Iraq
26,783,383 (July 2006 est.)
Ireland
4,062,235 (July 2006 est.)
Isle of Man
75,441 (July 2006 est.)
Israel
6,352,117
note: includes about 187,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank,
about 20,000 in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, and fewer than
177,000 in East Jerusalem (July 2006 est.)
Italy
58,133,509 (July 2006 est.)
Jamaica
2,758,124 (July 2006 est.)
Jan Mayen
no indigenous inhabitants
note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and
the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2006 est.)
Japan
127,463,611 (July 2006 est.)
Jarvis Island
uninhabited
note: Millersville settlement on western side of island occasionally
used as a weather station from 1935 until World War II, when it was
abandoned; reoccupied in 1957 during the International Geophysical
Year by scientists who left in 1958; public entry is by special-use
permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally
restricted to scientists and educators; visited annually by US Fish
and Wildlife Service (July 2006 est.)
Jersey
91,084 (July 2006 est.)
Johnston Atoll
uninhabited
note: in previous years, there was an average of 1,100 US military
and civilian contractor personnel present; as of September 2001,
population had decreased significantly when US Army Chemical
Activity Pacific (USACAP) departed; as of May 2005 all US government
personnel had left the island (July 2006 est.)
Jordan
5,906,760 (July 2006 est.)
Juan de Nova Island
no indigenous inhabitants
note: there is a small French military garrison along with a few
meteorologists; occasionally visited by scientists (July 2006 est.)
Kazakhstan
15,233,244 (July 2006 est.)
Kenya
34,707,817
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Kingman Reef
uninhabited (July 2006 est.)
Kiribati
105,432 (July 2006 est.)
Korea, North
23,113,019 (July 2006 est.)
Korea, South
48,846,823 (July 2006 est.)
Kuwait
2,418,393
note: includes 1,291,354 non-nationals (July 2006 est.)
Kyrgyzstan
5,213,898 (July 2006 est.)
Laos
6,368,481 (July 2006 est.)
Latvia
2,274,735 (July 2006 est.)
Lebanon
3,874,050 (July 2006 est.)
Lesotho
2,022,331
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Liberia
3,042,004 (July 2006 est.)
Libya
5,900,754
note: includes 166,510 non-nationals (July 2006 est.)
Liechtenstein
33,987 (July 2006 est.)
Lithuania
3,585,906 (July 2006 est.)
Luxembourg
474,413 (July 2006 est.)
Macau
453,125 (July 2006 est.)
Macedonia
2,050,554 (July 2006 est.)
Madagascar
18,595,469 (July 2006 est.)
Malawi
13,013,926
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Malaysia
24,385,858 (July 2006 est.)
Maldives
359,008 (July 2006 est.)
Mali
11,716,829 (July 2006 est.)
Malta
400,214 (July 2006 est.)
Marshall Islands
60,422 (July 2006 est.)
Mauritania
3,177,388 (July 2006 est.)
Mauritius
1,240,827 (July 2006 est.)
Mayotte
201,234 (July 2006 est.)
Mexico
107,449,525 (July 2006 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States of
108,004 (July 2006 est.)
Midway Islands
no indigenous inhabitants; approximately 40 people
make up the staff of US Fish and Wildlife Service and their services
contractor living at the atoll (July 2006 est.)
Moldova
4,466,706 (July 2006 est.)
Monaco
32,543 (July 2006 est.)
Mongolia
2,832,224 (July 2006 est.)
Montenegro
630,548 (2004)
Montserrat
9,439
note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the
resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned
(July 2006 est.)
Morocco
33,241,259 (July 2006 est.)
Mozambique
19,686,505
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected; the 1997
Mozambican census reported a population of 16,099,246 (July 2006
est.)
Namibia
2,044,147
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Nauru
13,287 (July 2006 est.)
Navassa Island
uninhabited
note: transient Haitian fishermen and others camp on the island
(July 2006 est.)
Nepal
28,287,147 (July 2006 est.)
Netherlands
16,491,461 (July 2006 est.)
Netherlands Antilles
221,736 (July 2006 est.)
New Caledonia
219,246 (July 2006 est.)
New Zealand
4,076,140 (July 2006 est.)
Nicaragua
5,570,129 (July 2006 est.)
Niger
12,525,094 (July 2006 est.)
Nigeria
131,859,731
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Niue
2,166 (July 2006 est.)
Norfolk Island
1,828 (July 2006 est.)
Northern Mariana Islands
82,459 (July 2006 est.)
Norway
4,610,820 (July 2006 est.)
Oman
3,102,229
note: includes 577,293 non-nationals (July 2006 est.)
Pakistan
165,803,560 (July 2006 est.)
Palau
20,579 (July 2006 est.)
Palmyra Atoll
no indigenous inhabitants; 4 to 20 Nature Conservancy
staff, US Fish and Wildlife staff (July 2006 est.)
Panama
3,191,319 (July 2006 est.)
Papua New Guinea
5,670,544 (July 2006 est.)
Paracel Islands
no indigenous inhabitants
note: there are scattered Chinese garrisons
Paraguay
6,506,464 (July 2006 est.)
Peru
28,302,603 (July 2006 est.)
Philippines
89,468,677 (July 2006 est.)
Pitcairn Islands
45 (July 2006 est.)
Poland
38,536,869 (July 2006 est.)
Portugal
10,605,870 (July 2006 est.)
Puerto Rico
3,927,188 (July 2006 est.)
Qatar
885,359 (July 2006 est.)
Romania
22,303,552 (July 2006 est.)
Russia
142,893,540 (July 2006 est.)
Rwanda
8,648,248
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Saint Helena
7,502
note: only Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha islands are
inhabited (July 2006 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis
39,129 (July 2006 est.)
Saint Lucia
168,458 (July 2006 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
7,026 (July 2006 est.)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
117,848 (July 2006 est.)
Samoa
176,908 (July 2006 est.)
San Marino
29,251 (July 2006 est.)
Sao Tome and Principe
193,413 (July 2006 est.)
Saudi Arabia
27,019,731
note: includes 5,576,076 non-nationals (July 2006 est.)
Senegal
11,987,121 (July 2006 est.)
Serbia
9,396,411 (2002 census)
Seychelles
81,541 (July 2006 est.)
Sierra Leone
6,005,250 (July 2006 est.)
Singapore
4,492,150 (July 2006 est.)
Slovakia
5,439,448 (July 2006 est.)
Slovenia
2,010,347 (July 2006 est.)
Solomon Islands
552,438 (July 2006 est.)
Somalia
8,863,338
note: this estimate was derived from an official census taken in
1975 by the Somali Government; population counting in Somalia is
complicated by the large number of nomads and by refugee movements
in response to famine and clan warfare (July 2006 est.)
South Africa
44,187,637
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
no indigenous
inhabitants
note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March
2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the
British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on
Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2006
est.)
Spain
40,397,842 (July 2006 est.)
Spratly Islands
no indigenous inhabitants
note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several
claimant states (2004)
Sri Lanka
20,222,240
note: since the outbreak of hostilities between the government and
armed Tamil separatists in the mid-1980s, several hundred thousand
Tamil civilians have fled the island and more than 200,000 Tamils
have sought refuge in the West (July 2006 est.)
Sudan
41,236,378 (July 2006 est.)
Suriname
439,117 (July 2006 est.)
Svalbard
2,701 (July 2006 est.)
Swaziland
1,136,334
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Sweden
9,016,596 (July 2006 est.)
Switzerland
7,523,934 (July 2006 est.)
Syria
18,881,361
note: in addition, about 40,000 people live in the Israeli-occupied
Golan Heights - 20,000 Arabs (18,000 Druze and 2,000 Alawites) and
about 20,000 Israeli settlers (July 2006 est.)
Taiwan
23,036,087 (July 2006 est.)
Tajikistan
7,320,815 (July 2006 est.)
Tanzania
37,445,392
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Thailand
64,631,595
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Togo
5,548,702
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Tokelau
1,392 (July 2006 est.)
Tonga
114,689 (July 2006 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago
1,065,842 (July 2006 est.)
Tromelin Island
uninhabited, except for visits by scientists (July
2006 est.)
Tunisia
10,175,014 (July 2006 est.)
Turkey
70,413,958 (July 2006 est.)
Turkmenistan
5,042,920 (July 2006 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands
21,152 (July 2006 est.)
Tuvalu
11,810 (July 2006 est.)
Uganda
28,195,754
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Ukraine
46,710,816 (July 2006 est.)
United Arab Emirates
2,602,713 (July 2006 est.)
United Kingdom
60,609,153 (July 2006 est.)
United States
298,444,215 (July 2006 est.)
United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges
no indigenous
inhabitants
note: public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and
Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and
educators; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service
Johnston Atoll: in previous years, an average of 1,100 US military
and civilian contractor personnel were present; as of May 2005 all
US government personnel had left the island
Midway Islands: approximately 40 people make up the staff of US Fish
and Wildlife Service and their services contractor living at the
atoll
Palmyra Atoll: four to 20 Nature Conservancy and US Fish and
Wildlife staff
Uruguay
3,431,932 (July 2006 est.)
Uzbekistan
27,307,134 (July 2006 est.)
Vanuatu
208,869 (July 2006 est.)
Venezuela
25,730,435 (July 2006 est.)
Vietnam
84,402,966 (July 2006 est.)
Virgin Islands
108,605 (July 2006 est.)
Wake Island
no indigenous inhabitants
note: since super typhoon IOKE, a small military contingent along
with 75 contractor personnel have returned to the island to conduct
clean-up and restore basic operations on the island (July 2006 est.)
Wallis and Futuna
16,025 (July 2006 est.)
West Bank
2,460,492
note: in addition, there are about 187,000 Israeli settlers in the
West Bank and fewer than 177,000 in East Jerusalem (July 2004 est.)
Western Sahara
273,008 (July 2006 est.)
World
6,525,170,264 (July 2006 est.)
Yemen
21,456,188 (July 2006 est.)
Zambia
11,502,010
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
Zimbabwe
12,236,805
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2006 est.)
This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007
======================================================================
@2120 Ports and terminals
Afghanistan
Kheyrabad, Shir Khan
Albania
Durres, Sarande, Shengjin, Vlore
Algeria
Algiers, Annaba, Arzew, Bejaia, Djendjene, Jijel,
Mostaganem, Oran, Skikda
American Samoa
Pago Pago
Angola
Cabinda, Luanda, Soyo
Anguilla
Blowing Point, Road Bay
Antarctica
there are no developed ports and harbors in Antarctica;
most coastal stations have offshore anchorages, and supplies are
transferred from ship to shore by small boats, barges, and
helicopters; a few stations have a basic wharf facility; US coastal
stations include McMurdo (77 51 S, 166 40 E), and Palmer (64 43 S,
64 03 W); government use only except by permit (see Permit Office
under "Legal System"); all ships at port are subject to inspection
in accordance with Article 7, Antarctic Treaty; offshore anchorage
is sparse and intermittent; relevant legal instruments and
authorization procedures adopted by the states parties to the
Antarctic Treaty regulating access to the Antarctic Treaty area, to
all areas between 60 and 90 degrees of latitude south, have to be
complied with (see "Legal System"); The Hydrographic Committee on
Antarctica (HCA), a special hydrographic commission of International
Hydrographic Organization (IHO), is responsible for hydrographic
surveying and nautical charting matters in Antarctic Treaty area; it
coordinates and facilitates provision of accurate and appropriate
charts and other aids to navigation in support of safety of
navigation in region; membership of HCA is open to any IHO Member
State whose government has acceded to the Antarctic Treaty and which
contributes resources and/or data to IHO Chart coverage of the area;
members of HCA are Argentina, Australia, Chile, China, France,
Germany, Greece, India, Italy, NZ, Norway, Russia, South Africa,
Spain, and the UK (2005)
Antigua and Barbuda
Saint John's
Arctic Ocean
Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US)
Argentina
Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Concepcion del Uruguay, La
Plata, Punta Colorada, Rosario, San Lorenzo-San Martin, San Nicolas
Aruba
Barcadera, Oranjestad, Sint Nicolaas
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
none; offshore anchorage only
Atlantic Ocean
Alexandria (Egypt), Algiers (Algeria), Antwerp
(Belgium), Barcelona (Spain), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Casablanca
(Morocco), Colon (Panama), Copenhagen (Denmark), Dakar (Senegal),
Gdansk (Poland), Hamburg (Germany), Helsinki (Finland), Las Palmas
(Canary Islands, Spain), Le Havre (France), Lisbon (Portugal),
London (UK), Marseille (France), Montevideo (Uruguay), Montreal
(Canada), Naples (Italy), New Orleans (US), New York (US), Oran
(Algeria), Oslo (Norway), Peiraiefs or Piraeus (Greece), Rio de
Janeiro (Brazil), Rotterdam (Netherlands), Saint Petersburg
(Russia), Stockholm (Sweden)
Australia
Brisbane, Dampier, Fremantle, Gladstone, Hay Point,
Melbourne, Newcastle, Port Hedland, Port Kembla, Port Walcott, Sydney
Austria
Enns, Krems, Linz, Vienna
Azerbaijan
Baku (Baki)
Bahamas, The
Freeport, Nassau, South Riding Point
Bahrain
Mina' Salman, Sitrah
Baker Island
none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one
small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast
Bangladesh
Chittagong, Mongla Port
Barbados
Bridgetown
Bassas da India
none; offshore anchorage only
Belarus
Mazyr
Belgium
Antwerp, Brussels, Gent, Liege, Oostende, Zeebrugge
Belize
Belize City
Benin
Cotonou
Bermuda
Hamilton, Saint George
Bolivia
Puerto Aguirre (on the Paraguay/Parana waterway, at the
Bolivia/Brazil border); also, Bolivia has free port privileges in
maritime ports in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Paraguay
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosanska Gradiska, Bosanski Brod, Bosanski
Samac, and Brcko (all inland waterway ports on the Sava), Orasje
Bouvet Island
none; offshore anchorage only
Brazil
Gebig, Itaqui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande, San Sebasttiao,
Santos, Sepetiba Terminal, Tubarao, Vitoria
British Indian Ocean Territory
Diego Garcia
British Virgin Islands
Road Town
Brunei
Lumut, Muara, Seria
Bulgaria
Burgas, Varna
Burma
Moulmein, Rangoon, Sittwe
Burundi
Bujumbura
Cambodia
Phnom Penh, Preah Seihanu (Sihanoukville)
Cameroon
Douala, Limboh Terminal
Canada
Fraser River Port, Halifax, Montreal, Port Cartier, Quebec,
Saint John's (Newfoundland), Sept Isles, Vancouver
Cape Verde
Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal
Cayman Islands
Cayman Brac, George Town
Central African Republic
Bangui, Nola, Salo, Nzinga
Chile
Antofagasta, Arica, Huasco, Iquique, Lirquen, San Antonio, San
Vicente, Valparaiso
China
Dalian, Guangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao,
Shanghai
Christmas Island
Flying Fish Cove
Clipperton Island
none; offshore anchorage only
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Port Refuge
Colombia
Barranquilla, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Muelles El Bosque,
Puerto Bolivar, Santa Marta, Turbo
Comoros
Mayotte, Moutsamoudou
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Banana, Boma, Bukavu, Bumba, Goma,
Kalemie, Kindu, Kinshasa, Kisangani, Matadi, Mbandaka
Congo, Republic of the
Brazzaville, Djeno, Impfondo, Ouesso, Oyo,
Pointe-Noire
Cook Islands
Avatiu
Coral Sea Islands
none; offshore anchorage only
Costa Rica
Caldera, Puerto Limon
Cote d'Ivoire
Abidjan, Aboisso, Dabou, San-Pedro
Croatia
Omisalj, Ploce, Rijeka, Sibenik, Vukovar (on Danube)
Cuba
Cienfuegos, Havana, Matanzas
Cyprus
Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca, Limassol, Vasilikos
Czech Republic
Decin, Prague, Usti nad Labem
Denmark
Aalborg, Aarhus, Asnaesvaerkets, Copenhagen, Elsinore,
Ensted, Esbjerg, Fredericia, Frederikshavn, Kalundborg, Odense,
Roenne
Djibouti
Djibouti
Dominica
Portsmouth, Roseau
Dominican Republic
Boca Chica, Puerto Plata, Rio Haina, Santo Domingo
East Timor
Dili
Ecuador
Esmeraldas, Guayaquil, La Libertad, Manta, Puerto Bolivar
Egypt
Alexandria, Damietta, El Dekheila, Port Said, Suez, Zeit
El Salvador
Acajutla, Puerto Cutuco
Equatorial Guinea
Malabo
Eritrea
Assab, Massawa
Estonia
Kopli, Kuivastu, Muuga, Tallinn, Virtsu
Ethiopia
Ethiopia is landlocked and uses the port of Djibouti
Europa Island
none; offshore anchorage only
European Union
Antwerp (Belgium), Barcelona (Spain), Braila
(Romania), Bremen (Germany), Burgas (Bulgaria), Constanta (Romania),
Copenhagen (Denmark), Galati (Romania), Gdansk (Poland), Hamburg
(Germany), Helsinki (Finland), Las Palmas (Canary Islands, Spain),
Le Havre (France), Lisbon (Portugal), London (UK), Marseille
(France), Naples (Italy), Peiraiefs or Piraeus (Greece), Riga
(Latvia), Rotterdam (Netherlands), Stockholm (Sweden), Talinn
(Estonia), Tulcea (Romania), Varna (Bulgaria)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Stanley
Faroe Islands
Torshavn
Fiji
Lambasa, Lautoka, Suva
Finland
Hamina, Hanko, Helsinki, Kotka, Naantali, Pori, Porvoo,
Raahe, Rauma, Turku
France
Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe), Bordeaux, Calais, Degrad de Cannes
(French Guiana), Dunkerque, Fort-de-France (Martinique), Gustavia
(Guadeloupe), La Pallice, La Trinite (Martinique), Le Havre, Le Port
(Reunion), Marin (Martinique), Marseille, Nantes, Paris,
Pointe-a-Pitre (Guadeloupe), Rouen, Strasbourg
French Polynesia
Papeete
French Southern and Antarctic Lands
none; offshore anchorage only
Gabon
Gamba, Libreville, Lucinda, Owendo, Port-Gentil
Gambia, The
Banjul
Gaza Strip
Gaza
Georgia
Bat'umi, P'ot'i
Germany
Bremen, Bremerhaven, Brunsbuttel, Duisburg, Frankfurt,
Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Mainz, Rostock, Wilhemshaven
Ghana
Takoradi, Tema
Gibraltar
Gibraltar
Glorioso Islands
none; offshore anchorage only
Greece
Agioitheodoroi, Aspropyrgos, Irakleion, Pachi, Piraeus,
Thessaloniki
Greenland
Sisimiut
Grenada
Saint George's
Guam
Apra Harbor
Guatemala
Puerto Quetzal, Santo Tomas de Castilla
Guernsey
Saint Peter Port, Saint Sampson
Guinea
Kamsar
Guinea-Bissau
Bissau, Buba, Cacheu, Farim
Guyana
Georgetown
Haiti
Cap-Haitien
Heard Island and McDonald Islands
none; offshore anchorage only
Honduras
Puerto Castilla, Puerto Cortes, San Lorenzo, Tela
Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Howland Island
none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one
small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast
Hungary
Budapest, Dunaujvaros, Gyor-Gonyu, Csepel, Baja, Mohacs
(2003)
Iceland
Grundartangi, Hafnarfjordur, Hornafjordhur, Reykjavik,
Seydhisfjordhur
Iles Eparses
none; offshore anchorage only
India
Chennai, Haldia, Jawaharal Nehru, Kandla, Kolkata (Calcutta),
Mumbai (Bombay), New Mangalore, Vishakhapatnam
Indian Ocean
Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban
(South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India)
Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South
Africa)
Indonesia
Banjarmasin, Belawan, Ciwandan, Krueg Geukueh, Palembang,
Panjang, Sungai Pakning, Tanjung Perak, Tanjung Priok
Iran
Assaluyeh, Bushehr
Iraq
Al Basrah, Khawr az Zubayr, Umm Qasr
Ireland
Cork, Dublin, New Ross, Shannon Foynes, Waterford
Isle of Man
Castletown, Douglas, Ramsey
Israel
Ashdod, Elat (Eilat), Hadera, Haifa
Italy
Augusta, Genoa, Livorno, Melilli Oil Terminal, Ravenna,
Taranto, Trieste, Venice
Jamaica
Kingston, Port Esquivel, Port Kaiser, Port Rhoades, Rocky
Point
Jan Mayen
none; offshore anchorage only
Japan
Chiba, Kawasaki, Kiire, Kisarazu, Kobe, Mizushima, Nagoya,
Osaka, Tokyo, Yohohama
Jarvis Island
none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one
small boat landing area in the middle of the west coast and another
near the southwest corner of the island
Jersey
Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier
Johnston Atoll
Johnston Island
Jordan
Al 'Aqabah
Juan de Nova Island
none; offshore anchorage only
Kazakhstan
Aqtau (Shevchenko), Atyrau (Gur'yev), Oskemen
(Ust-Kamenogorsk), Pavlodar, Semey (Semipalatinsk)
Kenya
Mombasa
Kingman Reef
none; offshore anchorage only
Kiribati
Betio
Korea, North
Ch'ongjin, Haeju, Hungnam (Hamhung), Kimch'aek, Kosong,
Najin, Namp'o, Sinuiju, Songnim, Sonbong (formerly Unggi), Ungsang,
Wonsan
Korea, South
Inch'on, Masan, P'ohang, Pusan, Ulsan
Kuwait
Ash Shu'aybah, Ash Shuwaykh, Az Zawr (Mina' Sa'ud), Mina'
'Abd Allah, Mina' al Ahmadi
Kyrgyzstan
Balykchy (Ysyk-Kol or Rybach'ye)
Latvia
Riga, Ventspils
Lebanon
Beirut, Chekka, Jounie, Tripoli
Liberia
Buchanan, Monrovia
Libya
As Sidrah, Az Zuwaytinah, Marsa al Burayqah, Ra's Lanuf,
Tripoli, Zawiyah
Liechtenstein
none
Lithuania
Klaipeda
Luxembourg
Mertert
Macau
Macau
Madagascar
Antsiranana, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara
Malawi
Chipoka, Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Chilumba
Malaysia
Bintulu, Johor, Labuan, Lahad Datu, Lumut, Miri, George
Town (Penang), Port Kelang, Tanjung Pelepas
Maldives
Male
Mali
Koulikoro
Malta
Marsaxlokk, Valletta
Marshall Islands
Majuro
Mauritania
Nouadhibou, Nouakchott
Mauritius
Port Louis
Mayotte
Dzaoudzi
Mexico
Altamira, Manzanillo, Morro Redondo, Salina Cruz, Tampico,
Topolobampo, Veracruz
Micronesia, Federated States of
Tomil Harbor
Midway Islands
Sand Island
Monaco
Monaco
Montenegro
Bar
Montserrat
Plymouth
Morocco
Agadir, Casablanca, Mohammedia, Nador, Safi, Tangier
Mozambique
Beira, Maputo, Nacala
Namibia
Luderitz, Walvis Bay
Nauru
Nauru
Navassa Island
none; offshore anchorage only
Netherlands
Amsterdam, Groningen, IJmuiden, Rotterdam, Terneuzen,
Vlissingen, Zaanstad
Netherlands Antilles
Bopec Terminal, Fuik Bay, Kralendijk, Willemstad
New Caledonia
Noumea
New Zealand
Auckland, Lyttelton, Tauranga, Wellington, Whangarei
Nicaragua
Bluefields, Corinto, El Bluff
Niger
none
Nigeria
Bonny Inshore Terminal, Calabar, Lagos, Port Harcourt
Niue
none; offshore anchorage only
Norfolk Island
none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade
Northern Mariana Islands
Saipan, Tinian
Norway
Borg Havn, Bergen, Mo i Rana, Molde, Mongstad, Narvik, Oslo,
Sture
Oman
Mina' Qabus, Salalah
Pacific Ocean
Bangkok (Thailand), Hong Kong (China), Kao-hsiung
(Taiwan), Los Angeles (US), Manila (Philippines), Pusan (South
Korea), San Francisco (US), Seattle (US), Shanghai (China),
Singapore, Sydney (Australia), Vladivostok (Russia), Wellington
(NZ), Yokohama (Japan)
Pakistan
Karachi, Port Muhammad Bin Qasim
Palau
Koror
Palmyra Atoll
West Lagoon
Panama
Balboa, Colon, Cristobal
Papua New Guinea
Kimbe, Lae, Rabaul
Paracel Islands
small Chinese port facilities on Woody Island and
Duncan Island being expanded
Paraguay
Asuncion, Villeta, San Antonio, Encarnacion
Peru
Callao, Iquitos, Matarani, Pucallpa, Yurimaguas; note -
Iquitos, Pucallpa, and Yurimaguas are on the upper reaches of the
Amazon and its tributaries
Philippines
Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Davao, Iligan, Iloilo, Manila,
Surigao
Pitcairn Islands
Adamstown (on Bounty Bay)
Poland
Gdansk, Gdynia, Swinoujscie, Szczecin
Portugal
Leixoes, Lisbon, Setubal, Sines
Puerto Rico
Las Mareas, Mayaguez, San Juan
Qatar
Doha
Romania
Braila, Constanta, Galati, Tulcea
Russia
Anapa, Kaliningrad, Murmansk, Nakhodka, Novorossiysk,
Rostov-na-Donu, Saint Petersburg, Taganrog, Vanino, Vostochnyy
Rwanda
Cyangugu, Gisenyi, Kibuye
Saint Helena
Saint Helena: Jamestown
Ascension Island: Georgetown
Tristan da Cunha: Calshot Harbor
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Basseterre, Charlestown
Saint Lucia
Castries, Cul-de-Sac, Vieux-Fort
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saint-Pierre
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Kingstown
Samoa
Apia
Sao Tome and Principe
Sao Tome
Saudi Arabia
Ad Dammam, Al Jubayl, Jiddah, Yanbu' al Sinaiyah
Senegal
Dakar
Seychelles
Victoria
Sierra Leone
Freetown, Pepel, Sherbro Islands
Singapore
Singapore
Slovakia
Bratislava, Komarno
Slovenia
Koper
Solomon Islands
Honiara, Malloco Bay, Shortland Harbor, Viru Harbor,
Yandina
Somalia
Boosaaso, Berbera, Kismaayo, Merca, Mogadishu
South Africa
Cape Town, Durban, East London, Port Elizabeth,
Richards Bay, Saldanha Bay
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Grytviken
Southern Ocean
McMurdo, Palmer, and offshore anchorages in Antarctica
note: few ports or harbors exist on southern side of Southern Ocean;
ice conditions limit use of most to short periods in midsummer; even
then some cannot be entered without icebreaker escort; most
Antarctic ports are operated by government research stations and,
except in an emergency, are not open to commercial or private
vessels; vessels in any port south of 60 degrees south are subject
to inspection by Antarctic Treaty observers (see Article 7); The
Hydrographic Committee on Antarctica (HCA), a special hydrographic
commission of International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), is
responsible for hydrographic surveying and nautical charting matters
in Antarctic Treaty area; it coordinates and facilitates provision
of accurate and appropriate charts and other aids to navigation in
support of safety of navigation in region; membership of HCA is open
to any IHO Member State whose government has acceded to the
Antarctic Treaty and which contributes resources and/or data to IHO
Chart coverage of the area; members of HCA are Argentina, Australia,
Chile, China, France, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, NZ, Norway,
Russia, South Africa, Spain, and the UK (2005)
Spain
Algeciras, Barcelona, Cartagena, Gijon, Huelva, La Coruna,
Tarragona, Valencia
Spratly Islands
none; offshore anchorage only
Sri Lanka
Colombo, Galle
Sudan
Port Sudan
Suriname
Paramaribo
Svalbard
Barentsburg, Longyearbyen, Ny-Alesund, Pyramiden
Sweden
Goteborg, Helsingborg, Karlshamn, Lulea, Malmo, Oxelosund,
Stenungsund, Stockholm, Trelleborg
Switzerland
Basel
Syria
Baniyas, Latakia
Taiwan
Chi-lung (Keelung), Hua-lien, Kao-hsiung, Su-ao, T'ai-chung
Tanzania
Dar es Salaam, Mtwara, Zanzibar City
Thailand
Bangkok, Laem Chabang, Prachuap Port, Si Racha
Togo
Kpeme, Lome
Tokelau
none; offshore anchorage only
Tonga
Nuku'alofa
Trinidad and Tobago
Pointe-a-Pierre, Point Lisas, Port-of-Spain
Tromelin Island
none; offshore anchorage only
Tunisia
Bizerte, Gabes, La Goulette, Skhira
Turkey
Aliaga, Ambarli, Eregli, Haydarpasa, Istanbul, Izmir, Kocaeli
(Izmit), Toros
Turkmenistan
Turkmenbasy
Turks and Caicos Islands
Grand Turk, Providenciales
Tuvalu
Funafuti
Uganda
Entebbe, Jinja, Port Bell
Ukraine
Feodosiya, Kerch, Kherson, Mariupol', Mykolayiv, Odesa,
Reni, Yuzhnyy
United Arab Emirates
Al Fujayrah, Khawr Fakkan, Mina' Jabal 'Ali,
Mina' Rashid, Mina' Saqr, Mina' Zayid, Sharjan
United Kingdom
Hound Point, Immingham, Milford Haven, Liverpool,
London, Southampton, Sullom Voe, Teesport