_aetas militaris_—military age.
_qui arma ferre possunt_ or _iuventus_—men of military age.
_qui per aetatem arma ferre non possunt_ or _aetate ad bellum
inutiles_—men exempt from service owing to age.
_exercitum conficere_ (Imp. Pomp. 21. 61)—to raise an army.
_milites (exercitum) scribere, conscribere_—to levy troops.
_dilectum habere_—to hold a levy.
_imperare milites civitatibus_—to compel communities to provide troops.
_nomen (nomina) dare, profiteri_—to enlist oneself.
_ad nomen non respondere_ (Liv. 7. 4)—to fail to answer one's name.
_militiam_ (only in the sing.) _capessere_—to take service in the army.
_militiam detrectare, subterfugere_—to try to avoid military service.
_excusare morbum, valetudinem_—to plead ill-health as an excuse for
absence.
_militiae vacationem habere_—to be excused military duty.
_equo, pedibus merere_ (Liv. 27. 11)—to serve in the cavalry, infantry.
_sacramentum (o) dicere_ (_vid._ sect. XI. 2, note
_sacramentum..._)—to take the military oath.
_milites sacramento rogare, adigere_—to make soldiers take the
military oath.
_evocare undique copias_—to call up troops from all sides.
_evocati, voluntarii_ (B. G. 5. 56)—the volunteers.
_omnes ad arma convocare_—to issue a general call to arms.
_efficere duas legiones_—to form two legions.
_complere legiones_ (B. C. 1. 25)—to fill up the numbers of the legions.
_supplementum cogere, scribere, legere_—to levy recruits to fill up
the strength.
_auxilia_[1] _arcessere_—to summon auxiliary troops.
_copias (arma) cum aliquo iungere_ or _se cum aliquo iungere_—to join
forces with some one.
_conducere, contrahere copias_—to concentrate troops.
_cogere omnes copias in unum locum_—to concentrate all the troops at
one point.
_parare exercitum, copias_—to equip an army, troops.
_alere exercitum_ (Off. 1. 8. 25)—to support an army.
_recensere, lustrare, recognoscere exercitum_ (Liv. 42. 31)—to review
an army.
_dimittere exercitum_—to disband an army.
_commeatum militibus dare_ (opp. _petere_)—to give furlough, leave of
absence to soldiers.
_magnae copiae_ (not _multae_)—a large force, many troops.
_exiguae copiae_ (Fam. 3. 3. 2)—a small force.
_ingens, maximus exercitus_ (not _numerosus_)—a numerous army.
_robora peditum_—the flower of the infantry.
_milites levis armaturae_—light infantry.
_vetus miles, veteranus miles_—veterans; experienced troops.
_qui magnum in castris usum habent_—veterans; experienced troops.
_expeditus_ (opp. _impeditus_) _miles_—a soldier lightly armed, ready
for battle.
_exercitatus in armis_—practised in arms.
_milites tumultuarii_[2] (opp. _exercitus iustus_) (Liv. 35.
2)—soldiers collected in haste; irregulars.
_tirones_—recruits.
[1] _auxilia_ = auxiliary troops raised in the provinces, usually
light cavalry. In Caesar's army the cavalry consisted of Gaulish,
Spanish, and German auxiliaries. A thousand of these were attached to
each legion and were usually commanded by a Roman officer.
[2] _tumultus_ is used of a sudden rising, rebellion, to repress which
all able-bodied men were called to arms. Such risings were
particularly common in Gaul, but cf. _tumultus servilis_ (B. G. 1.
10)—; _tumultus Istricus_ (Liv. 41. 6. 1).