The salal-berry is reported by Gorman to occur in coniferous woods
between Longmire Springs and Paradise Park.
=Gaultheria ovatifolia= Gray.
This species resembles a diminutive plant of the preceding, but the
berries are red and spicy, and borne singly in the axils of the
leaves. Abundant in the coniferous woods at 3,000 to 3,500 feet
elevation.
=Gaultheria humifusa= (Graham) Rydberg.
Much like a small plant of the preceding species, and only an inch or
two high. Not rare on the slopes near Sluiskin Falls.
=Rhododendron albiflorum= Hooker.
(_Cladothamnus campanulatus_ Greene).
The white-flowered azalea so common in the shelter of trees at 5,000
to 5,500 feet elevation.
=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi= Linnaeus.
The kinnikinnik, essentially a lowland plant, covers the rocks at
8,000 feet altitude near Nisqually Glacier.
=Arctostaphylos nevadensis= Gray.
On the gravel bars of the Nisqually at Longmire Springs.
=Vaccinium macrophyllum= (Hooker) Piper.
The most valuable of all the native huckleberries. Easily recognized
by the nearly black, not glaucous berries, and finely serrate leaves.
Plentiful at 3,000 to 4,000 feet altitude.
=Vaccinium ovalifolium= Smith.
Much like the preceding, but taller, the leaves entire, and the
glaucous black berries not nearly so sweet.
=Vaccinium myrtillus microphyllum= Hooker.
(_V. scoparium_ Leiberg.)
A low, broom-like species, with small leaves and red or wine-colored
berries. On dry ridges, 4,000 to 5,000 feet altitude.
=Vaccinium deliciosum= Piper.
This is the common bilberry of the alpine meadows of the Cascade and
Olympic Mountains in Washington, where it is abundant at 4,500 to
5,500 feet altitude. In habit and fruit it resembles _V. caespitosum_,
but in floral characters _V. ovalifolium_, to which Dr. Gray rather
hesitatingly referred it. From this last it may readily be
distinguished by its serrulate leaves and low habit, its relatively
longer filaments, which in _V. ovalifolium_ are only one half as long
as the anthers, and its small-seeded fruit of very different flavor.
Very young leaves have the serrulations tipped with small glandular
appendages.
=UMBELLIFERAE.= (Parsley Family.)
=Ligusticum purpureum= Coulter & Rose.
A tall "wild parsnip," with fern-like leaves and small whitish or
purple-tinged flowers. Everywhere on the slopes, 4,000 to 6,000 feet
elevation.
=Lomatium angustatum= Coulter & Rose.
In rock talus near Sluiskin Falls.
=Lomatium triternatum= Coulter & Rose.
A form of this variable species was found on the Goat Mountains by
Allen, No. 257.
=Angelica lyallii= Watson.
Paradise Park, 5,000 feet elevation. Also common near the foot of
Cowlitz Glacier.
=Sanicula septentrionalis= Greene.
Goat Mountains, Allen, No. 254.
=Osmorhiza ambigua= (Gray) Coulter & Rose.
Goat Mountains, Allen, No. 256.
=Heracleum lanatum= Michaux.
Common at 4,000 feet elevation.
=Hesperogenia stricklandi= Coulter & Rose.
An interesting plant, the type of a new genus, found in Paradise Park
by Allen and by Strickland. Also collected on the mountain by Flett.
Occurs at 6,500 feet elevation.
=HALORAGIDACEAE.= (Water Milfoil Family.)
=Hippuris vulgaris= Linnaeus.
Found by Allen at Longmire Springs.
=Hippuris montana= Ledebour.
An interesting little species much resembling some mosses. It
frequently mats the ground in wet places at 4,500 feet elevation.
=ONAGRACEAE.= (Evening Primrose Family.)
=Epilobium spicatum= Lamarck.
The common "fireweed," reported by Gorman on the "grassy slopes, 5,000
to 6,000 feet altitude."
=Epilobium latifolium= Linnaeus.
A species with flowers like the preceding, but only four to six inches
tall. Found by Rev. E. C. Smith near the Cowlitz Glacier.
=Epilobium luteum= Pursh.
A yellow-flowered species common along streams, 3,000 to 5,000 feet
elevation.
=Epilobium alpinum= Linnaeus.
(_E. hornemanni_ Reichenbach.)
Common at 4,000 to 6,000 feet altitude.
=Epilobium anagallidifolium= Lamarck.
A minute species found on the Tatoosh Mountains by Allen.
=Epilobium clavatum= Trelease.
Gravelly slopes at 5,000 feet. Plentiful along the Cowlitz Glacier.
=Epilobium fastigiatum= (Nuttall) Piper.
A glaucous-leaved small species, on the gravel bars of the Nisqually,
and up to 4,500 feet elevation.
=Gayophytum ramosissimum= Torrey & Gray.
On gravelly slopes near the foot of Cowlitz Glacier.
=VIOLACEAE.= (Violet Family.)
=Viola palustris= Linnaeus.
The common swamp violet was found at Narada Falls by Flett.
=Viola adunca= Smith.
Rare in rock crevices near Sluiskin Falls. Flowers deep violet.
=Viola montanensis= Rydberg.
Like the preceding, but the leaves puberulent. Near Van Trump Glacier,
at 6,000 feet altitude.
=Viola glabella= Nuttall.
A yellow-flowered species common along streams and in rich woods up to
3,000 feet altitude.
=HYPERICACEAE.= (St. Johnswort Family.)
=Hypericum bryophytum= Elmer.
A diminutive plant along rills at 5,000 feet elevation.
=ACERACEAE.= (Maple Family.)
=Acer douglasii= Hooker.
The smooth maple is common on the headwaters of the Nisqually.
=CELASTRACEAE.= (Staff Tree Family.)
=Pachystima myrsinites= (Pursh) Rafinesque.
An evergreen shrub two or three feet high, having considerable
resemblance to a huckleberry. Common in coniferous woods at 3,000 to
4,000 feet elevation.
=EMPETRACEAE.= (Crowberry Family.)
=Empetrum nigrum= Linnaeus.
A prostrate cespitose shrub with yew-like leaves and black berries.
Common on the rocks at 7,500 feet altitude.
=OXALIDACEAE.= (Oxalis Family.)
=Oxalis oregana= Nuttall.
Common in rich, moist woods up to 3,000 feet altitude.
=Oxalis trilliifolia= Hooker.
With the preceding, which it resembles. It may be distinguished by its
scapes bearing several flowers, instead of only one, and by its narrow
pods.
=LEGUMINOSAE.= (Pea Family.)
=Lupinus subalpinus= Piper & Robinson.
The common lupine of the grassy slopes, 4,000 to 6,000 feet altitude.
=Lupinus volcanicus= Greene.
A small species, with hairy pubescence, growing above the limit of the
preceding and below that of the following.
=Lupinus lyallii= Watson.
A lovely little plant with silvery foliage. Abundant in the pumice
fields at 7,000 to 8,000 feet altitude.
=Lathyrus pauciflorus= Fernald.
A wild pea with purple flowers collected by Allen in the Goat
Mountains.
=Lathyrus nevadensis= Watson.
Very like the preceding but with white flowers. Collected by Allen,
No. 297, on mountains near the upper valley of the Nisqually.
=Oxytropis cusickii= Greenman.
Goat Mountains, Allen, No. 245.
=ROSACEAE.= (Rose Family.)
=Spiraea densiflora= Nuttall.
A low shrub with dense corymbs of rose-colored flowers. Common in bogs
at 4,500 feet, and on rock cliffs up to 6,000 feet elevation.
=Eriogynia pectinata= (Pursh) Hooker.
A little shrub only two or three inches tall, forming dense mats. The
plant should easily be recognized by its sharply cleft leaves and
dense erect racemes of white flowers. Abundant at 5,000 to 6,000 feet
elevation. Gorman reports it from near the "Sphinx," 8,500 feet.
=Rubus nivalis= Douglas.
A trailing vine, with glossy, green, simple leaves. Common in the
coniferous forests at 3,000 feet altitude, where it seldom blooms. On
exposed rocks and banks one rarely finds its dull red flowers or
bright red, raspberry-like, sour fruit.
=Rubus pedatus= Smith.
A trailing herbaceous plant, with palmately compound leaves and
strawberry-like blossoms. The smooth red fruit is sour, and consists
of only a few large drupelets. Common in the woods up to 4,000 feet
altitude.
=Rubus lasiococcus= Gray.
Much like the preceding, but with simple leaves and pubescent fruit.
Grows with the preceding, and up to 5,000 feet or more.
=Potentilla flabellifolia= Hooker.
The common cinquefoil of the meadows, with bright yellow
buttercup-like flowers. Plentiful at 5,000 feet elevation.
=Potentilla dissecta= Pursh.
This has been collected by Allen on the Goat Mountains, No. 251.
=Potentilla glaucophylla= Lehmann.
Near the foot of Gibraltar, at 8,500 feet altitude.
=Potentilla villosa= Pallas.
A species with silvery strawberry-like leaves and bright yellow
flowers. On the cliffs near the foot of Little Tahoma, at 7,500 feet
elevation.
=Potentilla fruticosa tenuifolia= (Willdenow) Lehmann.
This shrubby cinquefoil occurs along White River Glacier.
=Sibbaldia procumbens= Linnaeus.
Abundant on the ridge near Sluiskin Falls.
=Dryas octopetala= Linnaeus.
Found in talus between Urania and White Glaciers by Professor Flett.
This is the southernmost known station in the Cascade Mountains.
=Pyrus occidentalis= Watson.
This mountain ash occurs at 4,500 to 5,000 feet altitude, usually
forming dense clumps. It is seldom over four feet high. From related
species its dull purple glaucous fruit and dull green leaves, serrate
only near the apex, easily distinguish it.
=Pyrus sitchensis= (Roemer) Piper.
(_Sorbus sitchensis_ Roemer.)
This species grows from four to fifteen feet high, and is easily known
by its intense scarlet fruit and shining leaflets, which are sharply
serrate to the base. The plant of the Cascade Mountains matches
exactly with the type from Sitka, and we can detect no differences in
the shrub common in the Blue Mountains and in Western Idaho. This
shrub has heretofore been known as _Pyrus sambucifolia_ Chamisso &
Schlechtendahl, but authentic Kamtschatka specimens of this last are
clearly different from our plant.
=Rosa nutkana= Presl.
This common wild rose has been collected by Allen on the Goat
Mountains, at 4,500 feet elevation.
=SAXIFRAGACEAE.= (Saxifrage Family.)
=Ribes howellii= Greene.
(_Ribes acerifolium_ Howell.)
A small currant, two to four feet high, with pendent racemes of
flowers and glaucous black fruit. Common in the shelter of trees up to
their limit.
=Ribes bracteosum= Douglas.
A currant with very large leaves and long, erect racemes of greenish
flowers; fruit black. It is common along streams at low altitudes, and
is locally known as "stink currant." Gorman reports it from Cowlitz
Canyon, near the timber line.
=Ribes lacustre= (Persoon) Poiret.
This very prickly gooseberry is reported by Gorman from the same
locality as the preceding.
=Leptarrhena amplexifolia= (Sternberg) Seringe.
A handsome plant, with a radical tuft of oblong crenate evergreen
leaves, and an erect scape of small greenish flowers in a corymb. The
pods when mature are usually deeply tinged with purple. Common on the
borders of rills at 5,000 feet, and on the wet cliffs near Sluiskin
Falls. Also reported by Professor Greene from Spray Park.
=Tiarella unifoliata= Hooker.
Common in rich woods up to 3,500 feet elevation.
=Mitella breweri= Watson.
In the shelter of trees, common at 6,000 feet altitude.
=Mitella pentandra= Hooker.
Much like the preceding and found in similar places.
=Mitella trifida= Graham.
Found on Mount Rainier and on Goat Mountains by Allen.
=Parnassia fimbriata= König.
A plant with radical reniform leaves and one-flowered scapes. The
petals are white and fringed. Not rare in moist places near Sluiskin
Falls; also at Crater Lake.
=Heuchera glabra= Willdenow.
On the cliffs near Camp of the Clouds.
=Heuchera micrantha= Douglas.
Mount Rainier, _Tolmie_, according to Hooker.
=Elmera racemosa= (Watson) Rydberg.
(_Heuchera racemosa_ Watson.)
Rock crevices at the base of Little Tahoma; rare.
=Suksdorfia ranunculifolia= (Hooker) Engler.
Rock Cliffs near Camp of the Clouds.
=Saxifraga bongardi= Presl.
Common along rills, 5,000 to 6,000 feet elevation.
=Saxifraga bronchialis austromontana= (Wiegand) Piper.
Abundant on rock cliffs near Longmire Springs, and frequent up to
6,000 feet altitude.
=Saxifraga marshallii= Greene.
Rare on the cliffs near Sluiskin Falls. Also collected on the Goat
Mountains by Mr. Allen.
=Saxifraga odontoloma= Piper.
A species with reniform, coarsely dentate leaves. Common along the
rivulets, 5,000 to 6,000 feet altitude.
=Saxifraga nelsoniana= D. Don.
Much like the preceding, but the petals oval instead of orbicular and
clawed. Near Camp of the Clouds; rare.
=Saxifraga mertensiana= Bongard.
Much like _S. odontoloma_, but the leaves doubly dentate, and usually
bearing bulblets among the flowers. North side of Cowlitz Glacier;
rare.
=Saxifraga tolmaei= Torrey & Gray.
Abundant at 5,000 to 7,500 feet elevation, blooming as soon as the
snow melts. Easily known by its small, thick, entire leaves, and small
white flowers, solitary on scapes an inch or two high. Originally
found by Tolmie, from whose specimens the species was described.
=Saxifraga debilis= Engelmann.
Found on Mount Rainier by Mr. Allen. This is the first record of the
plant west of Colorado.
=Saxifraga caespitosa= Linnaeus.
Collected by Flett and by Allen. Leaves 3 to 5-lobed.
=CRASSULACEAE.= (Stonecrop Family.)
=Sedum divergens= Watson.
This species is easily known by its small globular leaves. Common on
the cliffs near Sluiskin Falls.
=CRUCIFERAE.= (Mustard Family.)
=Draba aureola= Watson.
A viscid yellow-flowered species, rather rare at and near Camp Muir.
=Draba lonchocarpa= Rydberg.
In pumice sand at 8,500 feet altitude.
=Arabis lyallii= Watson.
Common along Paradise River, at 5,000 feet altitude, but also
occurring in the pumice at 7,500 feet.
=Arabis drummondii= Gray.
Piper No. 2065, referable to this species, is from Mount Rainier.
Collected near the Cowlitz Glacier.
=Cardamine kamtschatica= (Regel) Schulz.
(_C. umbellata_ Greene.)
A small "bitter-cress," not rare along rills at 5,000 feet elevation.
=Erysimum asperum= (Nuttall) De Candolle.
A yellow-flowered plant much like a wallflower, rare at 6,000 feet
altitude. It occurs also in loose rock near Interglacier.
=Smelowskia ovalis= Jones.
A small, white-flowered, canescent plant, interesting because it
ascends Mount Rainier higher than any other flowering plant. Common
from 8,000 to 10,000 feet altitude. One specimen was collected quite
at the base of "The Sphinx."
=FUMARIACEAE.= (Bleeding-heart Family.)
=Corydalis scouleri= Hooker.
Common along streams at low elevations.
=BERBERIDACEAE.= (Barberry Family.)
=Achlys triphylla= (Smith) De Candolle.
Reported by Mr. Gorman "on the trail from Longmire Springs to the
Park." The sweet-smelling leaves of this plant have suggested the name
of "vanilla leaf."
=RANUNCULACEAE.= (Buttercup Family.)
=Thalictrum occidentale= Gray.
This meadow-rue is not rare near the foot of Van Trump Glacier.
=Anemone drummondii= Watson.
Collected by Flett, No. 2171, on the north side of the mountain at
7,000 feet altitude.
=Anemone hudsoniana= (De Candolle) Richardson.
Collected on the Goat Mountains by Mr. Allen, No. 250.
=Pulsatilla occidentalis= (Watson) Freyn.
Common on the dry slopes 5,000 to 6,000 feet elevation. Flowers large,
white or bluish, developing a large head of tailed carpels, which has
much the appearance of a hussar's cap.
=Trautvetteria grandis= Nuttall.
A tall plant with large maple-like leaves and loose corymbs of
delicate white flowers. Abundant in shady woods up to 4,000 feet
elevation. The pallid blossoms, in sharp contrast to the shade they
dwell in, has prompted the name of "ghost flower."
=Ranunculus suksdorfii= Gray.
A bright-flowered buttercup, not rare in moist places at 5,500 feet
elevation.
=Ranunculus verecundus= Robinson.
On rocky ridges at 7,000 feet altitude, Flett.
=Caltha leptosepala= De Candolle.
(_C. macounii_ Greene.)
Wet places, 4,000 to 6,000 feet; plentiful.
=Aquilegia formosa= Fisher.
The common scarlet and yellow columbine of the lowland, found on the
grassy slopes at 5,500 feet elevation.
=Delphinium bicolor= Nuttall.
A handsome blue and white-flowered larkspur, found in the Goat
Mountains by Mr. Allen, No. 146.
=Delphinium glaucum= Watson.
This larkspur is tall, three to four feet high, with rather many large
leaves, and long racemes of pale blue small flowers. Collected by Mr.
Allen in the Upper Nisqually Valley, and by the writer near Crater
Lake.
=CARYOPHYLLACEAE.= (Pink Family.)
=Silene lyallii= Watson.
(_S. macounii_ Watson.)
(_S. douglasii viscida_ Robinson.)
Distinguished from its near allies by its four-lobed petals. Not rare
at 6,000 feet altitude.
=Silene suksdorfii= Robinson.
A low species, with scapes mostly one-flowered. Rather rare in the
loose basalt talus near the base of Little Tahoma.
=Silene acaulis= Linnaeus.
The "moss campion" of Europe, and common in the Rocky Mountains.
Collected by Mr. Flett near the Mowich Glacier.
=Stellaria borealis= Bigelow.
A prostrate chickweed, common along the Paradise River, at 5,000 feet
elevation.
=Stellaria washingtoniana= Robinson.
Described from specimens collected by Allen on the slopes of the
mountain at the head of Nisqually River in alder woods.
=Sagina occidentalis= Watson.
A small species of pearlwort, doubtfully referred here, occurs rarely
along rivulets in Paradise Park.
=Cerastium arvense= Linnaeus.
Goat Mountains, Allen, No. 237.
=Arenaria capillaris= Poiret.
Common on the rocks at 5,000 to 7,000 feet elevation. The form with
curved leaves, variety _nardifolia_ Regel, is more frequent than the
type.
=Arenaria verna= Linnaeus.
Rather rare in the pumice on the east side of the mountain.
=Arenaria macrophylla= Hooker.
In dry woods at low altitudes.
=PORTULACACEAE.= (Purslane Family.)
=Spraguea multiceps= Howell.
A handsome plant, with entire spatulate leaves and dense heads of pink
or purple flowers. Common in the pumice fields.
=Claytonia sibirica= Linnaeus.
Collected by Flett somewhere near the base of the mountain. The
commonest lowland "spring beauty."
=Claytonia asarifolia= Bongard.
A plant with fleshy entire leaves and small racemes of white flowers.
Occasional along the rivulets at 4,000 to 5,000 feet elevation.
=Claytonia parvifolia= Mocino.
On the rocks at 3,000 to 4,000 feet altitude.
=Claytonia lanceolata= Pursh.
Common in the grassy meadows. The tuberous root is edible.
=Lewisia columbiana= (Howell) Robinson.
Goat Mountains, Allen. Leaves fleshy, flowers rose-purple, showy.
=POLYGONACEAE.= (Buckwheat Family.)
=Oxyria digyna= (Linnaeus) Hill.
A small plant with reniform entire leaves, and flowers and fruit like
those of the common docks. Not rare in rock crevices at 5,000 to 6,000
feet elevation.
=Polygonum minimum= Watson.
Common at 5,000 to 6,000 feet altitude.
=Polygonum douglasii= Greene.
On a gravelly slope near the foot of Cowlitz Glacier.
=Polygonum newberryi= Small.
Common in the pumice fields, where it is a characteristic plant.
=Polygonum bistortoides= Pursh.
Very plentiful on the grassy slopes, where it is conspicuous by its
dense white-flowered spikes an inch long, borne singly on slender
stems a foot or two high.
=Eriogonum compositum= Douglas.
A form of this variable species occurs on the talus at the foot of the
cliffs on the north side of Cowlitz Glacier.
=Eriogonum pyrolaefolium coryphaeum= Torrey & Gray.
Plentiful in the pumice fields.
=BETULACEAE.= (Birch Family.)
=Alnus sinuata= (Regel) Rydberg.
Sitka alder. A small alder, seldom over ten or twelve feet high.
Common along the streams at low altitude.
=SALICACEAE.= (Willow Family.)
=Salix scouleriana= Barratt.
The common upland willow; not rare up to 3,500 feet elevation.
=Salix sitchensis= Sanson.
The "silky willow" is plentiful along the Nisqually at Longmire
Springs.
=Salix barclayi= Anderson.
=Salix commutata= Bebb.
These two willows make thickets along the rills at about 6,000 feet
altitude. The leaves in the former are smooth above and glaucous
beneath; in the latter pubescent on both sides.
=Salix nivalis= Hooker.
A very dwarf willow, with obtuse leaves, growing only a few inches
high. Found on the north side of the mountain by Flett.
=Salix saximontana= Rydberg.
Very similar to _Salix nivalis_, but larger in every way. Also found
by Flett on the north side of the mountain.
=Salix cascadensis= Cockerell.
(_S. tenera_ Andersson.)
A very dwarf rare willow with leaves acute at each end. North slope of
the mountain, collected by Flett.
=Populus trichocarpa= Torrey & Gray.
The cottonwood occurs along the Nisqually to some distance above
Longmire Springs.
=ORCHIDACEAE.= (Orchis Family.)
=Corallorhiza maculata= Rafinesque.
Common in the coniferous woods at low altitudes.
=Corallorhiza mertensiana= Bongard.
Frequent in the dense coniferous woods up to 3,500 feet.
=Spiranthes romanzoffiana= Chamisso.
A small form of this species was found in a bog on the summit of the
ridge overlooking the foot of the Nisqually Glacier.
=Peramium decipiens= (Hooker) Piper.
On the trail above Longmire Springs, according to Mr. Gorman.
=Limnorchis stricta= (Lindley) Rydberg.
A tall plant with long spikes of greenish flowers. Not rare in wet
places at 5,000 feet elevation.
=Listera caurina= Piper.
Common in mossy woods up to 3,500 feet.
=Listera convallarioides= (Swartz) Torrey.
Growing in moist woods near the foot of the mountain.
=LILIACEAE.= (Lily Family.)
=Allium validum= Watson.
This wild onion has rootstock-like bulbs. It has been found on the
north side of the mountain, and only by Mr. Flett.
=Vagnera sessilifolia= (Baker) Greene.
Common in moist woods up to 3,000 feet altitude.
=Streptopus curvipes= Vail.
Common in moist woods at 3,000 feet. Distinguished from the Eastern
_S. roseus_ by its small size, simple stems, and creeping rootstocks.
=Lilium columbianum= Hanson.
The wild tiger lily occurs on dry slopes near Longmire Springs and in
Paradise Park, at 5,000 feet elevation.
=Fritillaria lanceolata= Pursh.
Goat Mountains, Allen, No. 235.
=Erythronium montanum= Watson.
The white-flowered adder's tongue, so abundant in Paradise Park, up to
5,500 feet altitude.
=Erythronium parviflorum= (Watson) Goodding.
Much like the preceding, but the flowers yellow. Frequent along rills
at 5,500 feet.
=Clintonia uniflora= (Schultes) Kunth.
Abundant in the coniferous forests at 2,000 to 4,000 feet altitude.
Easily recognized by its tuft of two to four radical leaves, which are
oblong in form, and its delicate scapes, three or four inches high,
bearing a single white flower. The berry is blue.
=Trillium ovatum= Pursh.
The wake-robin is plentiful at 3,000 feet altitude.
=Tofieldia intermedia= Rydberg.
This species has been confused with both _T. glutinosa_ and _T.
occidentalis_. From the former it differs principally in its seed
characters, otherwise being so similar that there are no
distinguishing characters in the flowering specimens. All the Cascade
Mountain specimens apparently belong to _T. intermedia_, because no
plant with the seed character of _T. glutinosa_ has as yet been found
in that range of mountains.
=Veratrum viride= Aiton.
The green hellebore forms considerable clumps, three or four feet
high. It is frequent on moist slopes in Paradise Park.
=Stenanthium occidentale= Gray.
Goat Mountains, Allen, 233. Also collected on Mount Rainier by Rev. E.
C. Smith, in 1890.
=Xerophyllum tenax= (Pursh) Nuttall.
The so-called pine-lily or bear-grass is not rare in gravelly soil in
rather open woods. Straggling specimens are found up to 5,500 feet
altitude.
=JUNCACEAE.= (Rush Family.)
=Juncoides glabratum= (Hooker) Sheldon.
Dry, grassy slopes at 5,000 feet.
=Juncoides majus= (Hooker) Piper.
(_Luzula arcuata major_ Hooker.)
(_Juncoides piperi_ Coville.)
The plants referred here occur at 7,000 feet altitude, in springy
places. Allen, No. 44, and Piper, 2172, are identical with Tolmie's
Mount Rainier specimens.
=Juncoides parviflorum= (Ehrhart) Coville.
Common on dry slopes up to 5,000 feet elevation.
=Juncoides spicata= (Linnaeus) Kuntze.
Rather rare in damp places in the pumice fields, at 8,000 feet
altitude.
=Juncus subtriflorus= (E. Meyer) Coville.
Common at 5,000 to 6,000 feet elevation.
=Juncus parryi= Engelmann.